Nothingandall: On this day in History

0800 - Charlemagne judges the accusations against Pope Leo III in the Vatican.
1081 - King Louis VI of France was born (d. 1137).
1083 - Anna Comnena was born (d. 1153). Byzantine historian.
1135 - Henry I of England dies at St. Denis le Fermont in Normandy of food poisoning from a surfeit of lampreys.
1167 - The Lombard League is formed in northern Italy.
1241 - Isabella of England dies (b. 1214). Wife of Frederick II, Holy Roman Emperor.
1377 - King Magnus II of Sweden dies (b. 1316).
1420 - Henry V of England enters Paris.
1433 - Emperor Go-Komatsu of Japan dies (b. 1377).
1455 - Lorenzo Ghiberti dies (b. 1378). Italian artist and metal smith.
1521 - Takeda Shingen was born (d. 1573). Japanese warlord.
1521 - Pope Leo X dies (b. 1475).
1525 - Tadeáš Hájek was born (d. 1600). Czech physician and astronomer.
1530 - Margaret of Austria dies (b. 1480). Regent of the Netherland.
1575 - Diogo de Paiva de Andrade dies. Portuguese sacro orator and theologian.
1580 - Nicolas-Claude Fabri de Peiresc was born (d. 1637). French astronomer.
1580 - Giovanni Morone dies (b. 1509). Italian cardinal.
1581 - Edmund Campion dies martyred (b. 1540). English Jesuit.
1581 - Ralph Sherwin dies (b. 1550). English Catholic saint.
1581 - Alexander Briant dies (b. around 1556). English saint.
1602 - Kobayakawa Hideaki dies (b. 1582). Japanese samurai and warlord.
1633 - Infanta Isabella Clara Eugenia of Spain dies (b. 1566).
1640 - Portugal regains its independence from Spain and Portugal acclaims as King João IV of Portugal, thus ending a 60 year period of personal union of the crowns of Portugal and Spain and the end of the rule of the House of Habsburg (also called the Philippine Dynasty). The Spanish Habsburgs do not recognize Portugal's new dynasty, the House of Braganza, until 1668.
1640 - Miguel de Vasconcelos dies (b. 1590). Portuguese colaborator with the Spanish dominion was the first victim of 1640 Revolution.
1660 - Pierre d'Hozier dies (b. 1592). French historian.
1690 - Philip Yorke, 1st Earl of Hardwicke was born (d. 1764). Lord Chancellor of England.

1707 - Jeremiah Clarke dies (b. 1674). British composer.

1709 - Abraham a Sancta Clara dies (b. 1644). Austrian preacher.

1716 - Etienne-Maurice Falconet was born (d. 1791). French sculptor.

1723 - Susanna Centlivre dies. British dramatist and actress.

1729 - Giacomo F. Maraldi dies (b. 1665). Italian-born French astronomer.

1743 - Martin Heinrich Klaproth was born (d. 1817). German chemist and discoverer of uranium.

1750 - Johan Gabriel Doppelmayr dies (b. 1671). German mathematician, astronomer, and cartographer.

1755 - Maurice Greene dies (b. 1696). British composer.

1761 - Marie Tussaud was born (d. 1850). French creator of wax sculptures (Madame Tussauds).

1764 - Palacio Real de Madrid is inaugurated by Carlos III .

1766 - Nikolai Mikhailovich Karamzin was born (d. 1826). Russian writer.

1767 - Henry Erskine, 10th Earl of Buchan dies (b. 1710). British Freemason.

1768 - The slave ship Fredensborg sinks off Tromøy in Norway.

1792 - Nikolai Ivanovich Lobachevsky was born (d. 1856). Russian mathematician.

1802 - Sir Dominic Corrigan was born (d. 1 Feb 1880). Irish physician and author.

1814 - General Andrew Jackson, commander of the U.S. Army of the Southwest, hastened to defend New Orleans, Louisiana, against British invasion; a series of skirmishes over the next few weeks culminated in the Battle of New Orleans.

1821 - The first constitution of Costa Rica is issued.

1822 - Peter I is crowned as Emperor of Brazil.

1824 - U.S. presidential election, 1824: Since no candidate received a majority of the total electoral college votes in the election, the United States House of Representatives is given the task of deciding the winner (as stipulated by the Twelfth Amendment to the United States Constitution).

1825 - Tsar Alexander I of Russia dies (b. 1777).

1826 - French philhellene Fabvier forces his way through the Turkish cordon and ascends the Acropolis of Athens, which had been under siege.

1830 - Pope Pius VIII dies (b. 1761).

1835 - Hans Christian Andersen publishes his first book of fairy tales.

1844 - Alexandra of Denmark was born (d. 1925). Queen of Edward VII of the United Kingdom.

1860 - Charles Dickens publishes the first installment of Great Expectations in his magazine All the Year Round.

1864 - In his State of the Union Address President Abraham Lincoln reaffirms the necessity of ending slavery as ordered ten weeks earlier in the Emancipation Proclamation.

1865 - Abraham Emanuel Fröhlich dies (b. 1796). Swiss poet.

1866 - George Everest dies (b. 1790). Welsh geodesist who gave his name to the well known mount.

1867 - Johannes Brahms presents his Ein deutsches Requiem in Austria.

1868 - First number of the newspaper "O Primeiro de Janeiro" (Porto, Portugal) is published.

1869 - Eligiusz Niewiadomski was born (d. 1923). Polish assassin of Gabriel Narutowicz.

1872 - Gerard Swope was born (d. 20 Nov 1957). American industrialist, who was the president of the General Electric Company for 20 years.

1873 - Valery Bryusov was born (d. 1924). Russian poet.

1884 - American Old West - Near Frisco (now Reserve), New Mexico, deputy sheriff Elfego Baca holds off a gang of 80 Texan cowboys who want to kill him for arresting Charles McCarthy.

1884 - Karl Schmidt-Rottluff German artist noted for his landscapes and nudes, cofounded in 1905 Die Brücke, a group of German painters and printmakers who were pivotal to the development of Expressionism.

1884 - William Swainson (lawyer) dies (b. 1809). Second and last, Attorney-General (New Zealand) of the Crown Colony of New Zealand.

1885 - Although the exact date is unknown, the US Patent Office acknowledges December 1st of this year as the first day Dr Pepper was served.

1886 - Rex Stout was born (d. 1975). American author.

1887 - Sino-Portuguese treaty recognizes Portugal's control of Macao.

1887 - Sir Arthur Conan Doyle's Sherlock Holmes appeared for the first time in print in the story "A Study in Scarlet."

1895 - Henry Williamson was born (d. 1977). British author.

1896 - Georgy Zhukov was born (d. 1974). Russian general & Marshal of the Soviet Union.

1901 - Ilona Feher was born (d. 1988). Hungarian-born Israeli violinist.

1902 - Os Sertões a book by the Brazilian writer Euclides da Cunha is released .

1903 - Released the first western movie ever - The Great Train Robbery

1904 - the Louisiana Purchase Exposition in St. Louis closed after seven months and some 20 million visitors.

1905 - Alexander Wilson was born (d. 1994). Canadian and Notre Dame athlete.

1908 - Georgios Kasassoglou was born (d. 1984). Greek musician.

1909 - Alberto Sampaio dies in V. N. Famalicao (b. in Guimarães, 1841). Portuguese historian.

1910 - Alicia Markova was born (d. 2004). British ballerina.

1911 - Walter Alston was born (d. 1984). American manager of the Brooklyn & Los Angeles Dodgers baseball team.

1911 - Calvin Griffith was born (d. 1999). American baseball executive.

1912 - Minoru Yamasaki was born (d. 1986). American architect (World Trade Center de New York).

1913 - Ford Motor Company introduces the first moving assembly line.

1913 - Crete, having obtained self rule from Turkey after the first Balkan war, is annexed by Greece.

1913 - Mary Martin was born (d. 1990). American actress and singer.

1913 - The first drive-in gas station opens in Pittsburgh.

1913 - Juhan Liiv dies in Kavastu-Koosa (now Luunja, Tartumaa) (b. Alatskivi, 30 Apr 1864). Estonian poet and writer.

1916 - Charles de Foucauld dies (b. 1858). French religious leader.

1917 - Marty Marion was born. American baseball player & manager.

1918 - Iceland becomes a self-governing kingdom, yet remains united with Denmark.

1918 - Transylvania unites with Romania, following the March 27 incorporation of Bessarabia and Bucovina.

1918 - The Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes (later known as the Kingdom of Yugoslavia) is proclaimed.

1919 - Lady Astor becomes first the female member of Parliament to take her seat (she had been elected to that position on November 28).

1919 - Julinho [Julio Correia da Silva] was born in Ramalde, Porto. Portuguese footballer (Benfica).

1921 - Nestor de Hollanda Cavalcanti Neto was born in Vitória de Santo Antão, Pernambuco (d. in Rio de Janeiro 14 Nov. 1970). Brazilian writer.

1922 - Paul Picerni was born. American actor.

1922 - Vsevolod Bobrov was born (d. 1979). Soviet Olympic Ice Hockey Player.

1923 - Morris was born († 2001) . Belgian cartoonist who was the criator of Lucky Luke.

1923 - Stansfield Turner was born. American admiral and Central Intelligence Agency director.

1923 - Virginie Loveling dies (b. 1836). Belgian writer and poet.

1925 - World War I aftermath: - The final Locarno Treaty is signed in London, establishing post-war territorial settlements.

1925 - Martin Rodbell was born (d. 1998). American scientist, Nobel laureate.

1926 - Robert Symonds was born (d. 2007). American actor.

1926 - Maria Fernanda Botelho was born. Portuguese writer.

1928 - Emily McLaughlin was born (d. 1991). American actress.

1928 - José Eustasio Rivera dies (b. 1888). Colombian writer.

1930 - Joachim Hoffmann was born (d. 2002). German historian.

1931 - Jimmy Lyons was born (d. 1986). American musician.

1931 - Jim Nesbitt was born. American country singer

1931 - Vincent d'Indy dies. French composer.

1932 - Matt Monro was born. British singer.

1933 - Fujiko F. Fujio was born (d. 1996). Japanese cartoon artist.

1933 - Lou Rawls was born (d. 2006). American singer.

1934 - Sergei Kirov, a member of Politburo, was assassinated in Leningrad, by Leonid Nikolayev resulting in a massive purge. (It is widely thought that Soviet leader Joseph Stalin ordered this murder).

1934 - Benny Goodman debuts on radio. Jazz clarinet pioneer Benny Goodman debuts as a regular on radio variety show Let's Dance. Goodman, who was white, became one of the first bandleaders to use both black and white musicians.

1934 - Billy Paul was born in Philadelphia. American singer (Me and Mrs. Jones).

1934 - Pedro Tamen was born. Portuguese poet and translator.

1934 - Sergei Kirov dies (b. 1886). Russian revolutionary.

1935 - Chiang Kai-shek is elected chairman of the Kuomintang (Nationalist Party) Executive Council, thereby becoming virtual ruler of China.

1935 - Woody Allen was born. American Academy-award film director, actor, and comedian (Annie Hall [1977]; Radio Days, Alice, New York Stories, Hannah and Her Sisters, Manhattan, Bananas, etc.).

1935 - Lou Rawls was born. American singer.

1937 - Chuck Low was born. American actor.

1937 - Muriel Costa-Greenspon was born (d. 2005). American mezzo-soprano.

1937 - Vaira Vīķe-Freiberga was born. 6th President of Latvia.

1938 - Sandy Nelson was born. American drummer.

1939 - Lee Trevino was born. American golfer.

1940 - Richard Pryor was born. American actor and comedian.

1941 - World War II: Fiorello La Guardia, Mayor of New York City, and the director of the Office of Civilian Defense, sign an order creating the Civil Air Patrol.

1942 - John Crowley was born. American author.

1943 - President Roosevelt, British Prime Minister Winston Churchill and Soviet leader Josef Stalin concluded their Teheran Conference.

1943 - Damrong Rajanubhab dies (b. 1862). Thai prince and historian.

1944 - Edward Stettinius Jr. becomes the last United States Secretary of State of the Roosevelt administration.

1944 - Pierre Arditi was born. French film and stage actor.

1944 - Eric Bloom was born. American musician (Blue Öyster Cult).

1944 - John Densmore was born. American drummer (The Doors).

1944 - Michael W. Hagee, 33rd Commandant of the United States Marine Corps.

1944 - Tahar Ben Jelloun was born. French writer of Moroccan origin.

1944 - Daniel Pennac was born. French writer born in Morocco.

1945 - Bette Midler was born. American actress.

1946 - Gilbert O'Sullivan was born. Irish singer.

1947 - Alain Bashung was born. French singer.

1947 - Bob Fulton was born. English-born Australian rugby league footballer.

1947 - Aleister Crowley dies (b. 1875). British occultist.

1947 - G. H. Hardy dies (b. 1877). English mathematician.

1948 - George Foster was born. American baseball player.

1948 - Tom Wright was born. English bishop and theologian.

1949 - Pablo Escobar was born (d. 1993). Colombian drug lord.

1949 - Sebastián Piñera was born. Chilean businessman and presidential candidate.

1950 - Keith Thibodeau was born. American actor and drummer.

1950 - E. J. Moeran dies (b. 1894). British composer.

1951 - Jaco Pastorius was born (d. 1987). American bassist.

1951 - Treat Williams was born. American actor.

1952 - The New York Daily News reports the first successful sexual reassignment operation.

1953 - Anselmo Vasconcelos was born. Brazilian actor.

1953 - First number of Playboy with Marilyn Monroe.

1954 - O Estádio da Luz ("The Stadium of Light") of Sport Lisboa e Benfica is inaugurated in Lisbon.

1954 - Bob Goen was born. American television host.

1954 - Annette Haven was born. American porn star.

1954 - Fred Rose dies (b. 1897). American songwriter and music publishing executive

1955 - American Civil Rights Movement: In Montgomery, Alabama, seamstress Rosa Parks refuses to give her bus seat to a white man and is arrested for violating the city's racial segregation laws, an incident which leads to the Montgomery Bus Boycott.

1955 - Mark Thompson was born. American disk jockey and actor.

1955 - Verónica Forqué was born. Spanish actress.

1956 - Julee Cruise was born. American singer and actress.

1958 - The Central African Republic becomes independent from France.

1958 - A fire at Our Lady of the Angels School in Chicago, Illinois kills 92 children and three nuns.

1958 - Charlene Tilton was born in San Diego. American actress (Lucy Ewing-Dallas).

1958 - Javier Aguirre was born. Mexican footballer and coach.

1959 - A camera mounted on the nose of a missile takes the first color picture of Earth from space.

1959 - Cold War: The Antarctic Treaty is signed, setting aside Antarctica as a scientific reserve and banning military activity on the continent.

1959 - Billy Childish was born. English painter, writer and musician.

1959 - Rick Leventhal was born. American television news correspondent.

1959 - Wally Lewis was born. Australian rugby league footballer.

1960 - Paul McCartney and Pete Best arrested then deported from Hamburg, Germany for accusation of attempted arson.

1960 - Carol Alt was born. American actress and supermodel (Amazon, Beyond Justice, Thunder in Paradise, Private Parts, Grownups).

1960 - Jane Turner was born. Australian actress, comedian.

1961 - The independent Republic of West Papua is proclaimed in modern-day Western New Guinea.

1961 - Jeremy Northam was born. English actor.

1961 - Armin Meiwes was born. German cannibal.

1962 - Joe Quesada was born. American comic book writer and artist, and editor-in-chief at Marvel Comics.

1962 - Sylvie Daigle was born. French Canadian speed skater.

1963 - Nagaland becomes the 16th state of India.

1963 - Arjuna Ranatunga was born. Sri Lankan cricketer.

1963 - Marco Greco was born. Brazilian racing driver.

1963 - Nathalie Lambert was born. Quebec short track speed skater.

1964 - Vietnam War: US President Lyndon B. Johnson and his top-ranking advisers meet to discuss plans to bomb North Vietnam.

1964 - Salvatore Schillaci was born. Italian football player.

1964 - J. B. S. Haldane dies (b. 1892). British geneticist.

1965 - The Border Security Force is formed in India.

1966 - Katherine LaNasa was born. American actress.

1966 - Larry Walker was born. Canadian baseball player.

1967 - Nestor Carbonell was born. American actor.

1968 - Gonzalo Barrios elected President of Venezuela.

1968 - Justin Chadwick was born. British actor and director.

1968 - Dario Moreno dies (b. 1921). Turkish-Jewish singer.

1968 - Nicolae Bretan dies (b. 1887). Romanian opera singer (baryton) and composer born in Transylvania.

1969 - Vietnam War: The first draft lottery in the United States since World War II is held.

1969 - Magic Sam dies (b. 1937). American blues guitarist and singer.

1970 - Luis Echeverria Alvarez sworn in as President of México.

1970 - Jouko Ahola was born. Finnish strongman.

1970 - Kirk Rueter was born. American baseball player.

1970 - Sarah Silverman was born. American actress and comedian.

1971 - Cambodian Civil War: Khmer Rouge rebels intensify assaults on Cambodian government positions, forcing their retreat from Kompong Thmar and nearby Ba Ray.

1971 - Indian Army occupies part of Kashmir.

1971 - Emily Mortimer was born. English actress.

1971 - Stephanie Finochio (b. 1790) was born. American professional wrestler.

1971 - Dolgorsuren Serjbudee was born. Mongolian professional wrestler.

1971 - John Schlimm was born. American author.

1971 - Mika Pohjola was born. Finnish jazz pianist and composer.

1971 - Peter Van de Veire was born. Belgian radio-presenter.

1972 - Norbert Wójtowicz was born. Polish historian and theologian.

1973 - Papua New Guinea gains self government from Australia.

1973 - Jon Theodore was born. American musician.

1973 - David Ben-Gurion dies (b. 1886). Polish-born first Prime Minister of Israel.

1974 - TWA Flight 514 crashes northwest of Washington Dulles International Airport, killing all 92 people on-board.

1974 - Northwest Orient Airlines Flight 6231, crashes northwest of John F. Kennedy International Airport.

1974 - Costinha (Francisco José da Costa) was born. Portuguese international footballer.

1974 - David Ludwig was born. American composer.

1975 - Long-running soap opera The Edge of Night switches networks to ABC after 19 years on CBS.

1975 - Alya Rohali was born. Miss Universe-Indonesia (1996).

1975 - Sandra Maidana was born. Miss Universe-Uruguay (1996).

1975 - Sophia Skou was born. Danish swimmer.

1975 - Nellie Fox dies (b. 1927). American baseball player.

1975 - Anna E. Roosevelt dies (b. 1906). American radio personality.

1976 - Angola joins to United Nations.

1976 - Matthew Shepard was born (d. 1998). American murder victim.

1977 - Brad Delson was born. American guitarist (Linkin Park).

1977 - Jared Fogle was born. American Subway spokesperson.

1978 - Mat Kearney was born. American singer and songwriter.

1979 - Angelique Bates ws born. American actress.

1979 - Ryan Malone was born. American hockey player.

1980 - Mohammad Kaif was born. Indian cricketer.

1981 - A Yugoslavian Inex Adria Aviopromet DC-9 crashes in Corsica killing 178.

1981 - The AIDS virus is officially recognized.

1982 - Miguel de la Madrid Hurtado inaugurated as President of México.

1982 - Michael Jackson releases his second solo album Thriller, which became the biggest selling album of all time.

1982 - At the University of Utah, Barney Clark becomes the first person to receive a permanent artificial heart.

1982 - Lloyd Doyley was born. English footballer.

1984 - Roelof Frankot dies (b. 1911). Dutch painter.

1985 - Alvin Ailey dies (b. 1931). American dancer and choreographer.

1986 -The President of the Republic, François Mitterrand, inaugurated the new Musée d'Orsay in Paris and it opened to the public on December 9th.

1986 - Lee Dorsey dies (b. 1924). American R&B singer.

1987 - NASA announces the names of four companies who are awarded contracts to help build Space Station Freedom.

1987 - Sir Joh Bjelke-Petersen resigns as Premier of Queensland after 19 Years.

1987 - DeSean Jackson was born. American football player.

1987 - James Baldwin dies (b. 1924). American writer.

1987 - Punch Imlach dies (b. 1918). National Hockey Leaguecoach and general manager

1988 - Benazir Bhutto named 1st female PM of a Moslem country (Pakistan).

1988 - Ashley Monique Clark was born. Actress.

1988 - Carlos Salinas de Gortari sworn as President of Mexico.

1989 - Cold War: East Germany's parliament abolishes the constitutional provision granting the communist party the leading role in the state.

1989 - Right-wing military rebel Reform the Armed forces Movement (RAM) attempt to oust Philippine President Corazon Aquino by a bloody coup attempt.

1989 - Alvin Ailey dies (b. 1931). American dancer, choreographer.

1990 - Channel Tunnel sections started from the United Kingdom and France meet 40 metres beneath the seabed.

1991 - Cold War: Ukrainian voters overwhelmingly approve a referendum for independence from the Soviet Union.

1991 - George Joseph Stigler dies (b. 1911). American economist and Nobel Prize laureate.

1994 - Ernesto Zedillo Ponce de León inaugurated as President of Mexico (succeeding to Carlos Salinas de Gortari ).

1994 - Thomas Batuello was born. American actor and musician.

1995 - The NATO alliance chose Spanish Foreign Minister Javier Solana to be its new secretary-general

1996 - 85th Davis Cup: France beats Sweden in Malmoe (3-2).

1996 - Peter Bronfman dies (b. 1928). Canadian businessman.

1997 - A 14-year-old student opened fire on a morning prayer group at a high school in West Paducah, Ky., killing three students and wounding five.

1997 – Heath High School shooting: Michael Carneal opens fire on a group of his fellow students at Heath High School in West Paducah, Kentucky, killing three and wounding five.

1997 - Audree Wilson dies (b. 1917). Mother of three founding members of The Beach Boys.

1997 - Representatives from more than 150 countries gathered at a global warming summit in Kyoto, Japan, and over the course of ten days forged an agreement to control the emission of greenhouse gases. President Bush pulled the U.S. out of the Kyoto Protocol in 2001.

1997 - Endicott Peabody dies (b. 1920). 62^nd Governor of Massachusetts.

1997 - Stéphane Grappelli dies (b. 1908). French jazz violinist.

1997 - Michel Bélanger dies (b. 1929). French Canadian businessman and banker.

1998 - Exxon announces a US$73.7 billion deal to buy Mobil, thus creating Exxon-Mobil, the largest company on the planet.

1998 - Freddie Young dies (b. 1902). British cinematographer.

1999 - An international team of scientists announced it had mapped virtually an entire human chromosome.

2000 - Vicente Fox is sworn-in as President of Mexico, ending the 75 year control of the PRI.

2001 - Captain Bill Compton brings Trans World Airlines Flight 220, an MD-83, into St. Louis International Airport bringing to an end 76 years of TWA operations following TWA’s purchase by American Airlines.

2001 - Two suicide bombers blew themselves up in back-to-back explosions at a downtown Jerusalem pedestrian mall, killing 11 bystanders.

2001 - Trans World Airlines flies its last flight, after being bought by American Airlines

2001 - Aiko, Princess Toshi of Japan was born.

2001 - Ellis R Dungan dies (b. 1909). American born Indian film director.

2001 - Jean-Pierre Chabrol dies (b. 1925) French writer.

2002 - Dave McNally dies (b. 1942). Major League Baseball pitcher.

2003 - Clark Kerr dies (b. 1911). First Chancellor of the University of California, Berkeley.

2003 - Eugenio Monti dies (b. 1928). Italian bobsledder.

2004 - Prince Bernhard of the Netherlands dies (b. 1911).

2004 - Tom Brokaw anchors his last broadcast of NBC Nightly News.

2005 - South Africa's Constitutional Court extends marriage equality to homosexual couples.

2005 - Gust Avrakotos dies (b. 1938). American intelligence case officer.