Nothingandall: On this day in History

0775 - Saint Ciarán of Disert-Kieran dies. Irish saint and writer.
1161 - Emperor Qinzong of China dies (b. 1100).
1276 - While taking exile in Fuzhou in southern China, away from the advancing Mongol invaders, the remnants of the Song Dynasty court hold the coronation ceremony for the young prince Zhao Shi, making him Emperor Duanzong of Song.
1381 - King Richard II of England meets the leaders of Peasants Revolt.
1381 - Simon Sudbury dies. Archbishop of Canterbury.
1444 (O.S.) - Nilakantha Somayaji was born (d. 1544). Indian mathematician.
1479 (O.S.) - Giglio Gregorio Giraldi was born (d. 1522). Italian poet.
1497 - Giovanni Borgia dies assassinated. Duke of Borgia.
1529 (O.S.) - Archduke Ferdinand II of Austria was born (d. 1595). Regent of Tyrol and Further Austria.
1544 - Antoine, Duke of Lorraine dies (b. 1489).
1548 - Carpentras dies. French composer.
1594 - Orlande de Lassus dies. Flemish composer.
1662 - Henry Vane the Younger dies (b. 1613). British Governor of Massachusetts.
1642 - Saskia van Uylenburg dies (b. 1612). Wife of Rembrandt van Rijn.
1645 - English Civil War: Battle of Naseby - 12,000 Royalist forces are beaten by 15,000 Parliamentarian soldiers.
1648 - Margaret Jones is hanged in Boston for witchcraft in the first such execution for the Massachusetts colony.
1662 - Henry Vane the Younger dies (b. 1613). British Governor of Massachusetts.
1671 - Tomaso Albinoni was born (d. 1751). Italian composer.
1674 - Marin le Roy de Gomberville was born (d. 1600). French writer.

1703 - Jean Herauld Gourville dies (b. 1625). French adventurer.

1726 - James Hutton was born (d. 1797). Scottish geologist.

1726 - Thomas Pennant was born (d. 16 Dec 1798). Welsh naturalist and traveller, one of the leading zoologists of his time.

1736 - Charles Augustin de Coulomb was born (d. 23 Aug 1806). French physicist best known for the formulation of Coulomb's law, which states that the force between two electrical charges is proportional to the product of the charges and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them.

1746 - Colin Maclaurin dies. Scottish mathematician born in February 1698. In 1742 he published Treatise of fluxions, the first systematic exposition of Newton's methods written as a reply to Berkeley's attack on the calculus for its lack of rigorous foundations.

1775 - American Revolutionary War: The United States Army is established by the Continental Congress.

1777 - The Stars and Stripes is adopted by Congress as the Flag of the United States.

1789 - Mutiny on the Bounty: HMAV Bounty mutiny survivors including Captain William Bligh and 18 others reach Timor after a nearly 4,000 mile journey in an open boat.

1789 - Whisky distilled from maize is first produced by American clergyman the Rev Elijah Craig. It is named Bourbon because Rev Craig lived in Bourbon County, Kentucky.

1794 - Francis Seymour-Conway, 1st Marquess of Hertford dies (b. 1718). Viceroy of Ireland.

1796 - Nikolai Brashman was born (d. 1866). Russian mathematician.

1800 - The French Army of First Consul Napoleon Bonaparte defeats the Austrians at the Battle of Marengo in Northern Italy and re-conquers Italy.

1800 - Louis Charles Antoine Desaix dies killed in battle (b. 1768). French military leader

1800 - Jean-Baptiste Kleber dies murdered (b. 1753). French general, architect.

1801 - Heber C. Kimball was born (d. 1868). American religious leader (Mormon church).

1801 - Benedict Arnold dies (b. 1741). American general.

1807 - Emperor Napoleon I's French Grande Armee defeats the Russian Army at the Battle of Friedland in Poland, modern Russian Kaliningrad Oblast, ending the War of the Fourth Coalition.

1811 - Harriet Beecher Stowe was born (d. 1896). American author (Uncle Tom's Cabin).

1812 - Fernando Wood was born (d. 1881). New York City mayor.

1819 - Henry J. Gardner was born (d. 1892). 23rd Governor of Massachusetts.

1820 - John Bartlett was born (d. 1905). Publisher of Bartlett's Familiar Quotations.

1821 - Badi VII, king of Sennar, surrenders his throne and realm to Ismail Pasha, general of the Ottoman Empire, ending the existence of that Sudanese kingdom.

1822 - Charles Babbage proposes a Difference engine in a paper to the Royal Astronomical Society entitled "Note on the application of machinery to the computation of astronomical and mathematical tables."

1825 - Pierre Charles L'Enfant dies (b. 1754). French architect.

1832 - Nikolaus Otto was born (d. 1891). German engineer.

1835 - Nikolai Rubinstein was born. Russian pianist.

1837 - Giacomo Leopardi dies (b. 1798). Italian writer.

1839 - Henley Royal Regatta: The village of Henley, on the River Thames in Oxfordshire, stages its first Regatta.

1846 - Bear Flag Revolt begins - American settlers in Sonoma, California start a rebellion against Mexico and proclaim the California Republic.

1855 - Robert La Follette was born (d. 1925). U.S. Senator.

1856 - Andrey Andreyevich Markov was born (d. 20 Jul 1922). Russian mathematician. who helped to develop the theory of stochastic processes, especially those called Markov chains, sequences of random variables in which the future variable is determined by the present variable but is independent of the way in which the present state arose from its predecessors.

1862 - John Ulric Nef was born (d. 13 Aug 1915). Swiss-American chemist.

1863 - American Civil War: Battle of Second Winchester - A Union garrison is defeated by the Army of Northern Virginia in the Shenandoah Valley town of Winchester, Virginia.

1863 - Second Assault on the Confederate works at the Siege of Port Hudson during the American Civil War.

1864 - Alois Alzheimer was born (d. 19 Dec 1915). German psychiatrist who recognized the disease named after him. At a meeting German psychiatrists in Nov 1906, Alzheimer reported a case of an his patient. The title of his lecture was Über eiene eigenartige Erkrankung der Hirnrinde (On a peculiar disorder of the cerebral cortex). Later on, at the suggestion of Emil Kraepelin, presenile dementia was designated "Alzheimer's disease." This disease is a progressive, degenerative disorder that affects the brain.

1864 - General Leonidas Pope dies.

1868 - Karl Landsteiner was born (d. 26 Jun 1943). Austrian immunologist and pathologist, who received the 1930 Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine for his discovery of the major blood groups and development of the ABO system of blood typing that much reduced risk and made blood transfusion a routine medical practice.

1870 - Sophia of Prussia was born (d. 1932). Consort of Constantine I of Greece.

1871 - Jacob Ellehammer was born (d. 1946). Danish inventor.

1872 - Trade unions legalised in Canada.

1876 - Elkanah Billings dies (b. 5 May 1820). Canadian geologist and paleontologist, who was the first Canadian paleontologist. For three years as the editor of the Ottawa Citizen, he wrote a series of articles on science, including geology and paleontology.

1877 - Jane Bathori was born (d. 1970). French mezzo-soprano.

1883 - Edward FitzGerald dies (b. 1809). English poet.

1886 - Alexandr Ostrovsky dies (b. 1823). Russian dramatist.

1890 - May Allison was born (d. 1989). American actress.

1893 - Siggie Nordstrom was born (d. 1980). Swedish singer (The Nordstrom Sisters).

1894 - Marie-Adélaïde, Grand Duchess of Luxembourg was born (d. 1924).

1894 - Federico de Madrazo dies (b. 1815). Spanish painter.

1895 - Jack Adams was born (d. 1968). Canadian ice hockey player, coach and general manager.

1899 - Yasunari Kawabata was born (d. 1972). Japanese writer who was Nobel Prize laureate in 1968.

1900 - Hawaii becomes a United States territory.

1900 - The Reichstag approves a second law that allows the expansion of the German navy.

1901 - Clarence Day was born. Hockey player.

1903 - Alonzo Church was born (d. 1995). American mathematican and logician.

1905 - Steve Broidy was born (d. 1991). American motion picture executive.

1906 - Margaret Bourke-White was born (d. 1971). American photojournalist.

1907 - Norway adopts female suffrage.

1907 - Chico Landi was born (d. 1989). Brazilian racing driver.

1907 - René Char was born (d. 1988). French poet.

1907 - Nicolas Bentley was born (d. 1978). British writer and illustrator.

1908 - Fourth German Navy Bill is passed authorising the financing the building of another four major warships.

1908 - Joaquim Paço d'Arcos was born. Portuguese writer.

1908 - Frederick Arthur Stanley dies (b. 1841). Governor general of Canada.

1909 - Burl Ives was born (d. 1995). American musician.

1909 - Morte, no Rio de Janeiro, de Affonso Penna (Affonso Augusto Moreira Penna), 7º Presidente do Brasil. Seu vice, Nilo Peçanha, assume a presidência.

1910 - Rudolf Kempe was born (d. 1976). German conductor.

1910 - A Maçonaria decide nomear uma «comissão de resistência» encarregada de colaborar d forma mais activa com a Carbonária.

1912 - E. Cuyler Hammond was born (d. 3 Nov 1986). Scientist who was the first to link smoking with lung cancer. In 1957, while research director of the American Cancer Society, Hammond told congressional investigators that cigarette smoking is a cause of lung cancer and has a severe effect on a number of other diseases.

1913 - Joe Morris was born (d. 1996) . Canadian trade unionist.

1914 - Pauline Moore was born (d. 2001). American actress.

1916 - Dorothy McGuire was born (d. 2001). American actress (A Tree Grows in Brooklyn, Gentlemen’s Agreement, The Young and the Restless, Rich Man, Poor Man, Little Women [TV: 1979], The Last Best Year).

1916 - João Simões Lopes Neto dies (b. 1865). Brazilian writer.

1917 - Atle Selberg was born. Norwegian-born mathematician who is one of the foremost analytic number theorists.He was awarded the Fields Medal in 1950 for his work in number theory on generalisations of the sieve methods of Viggo Brun. In 1986 he won the Wolf Prize.

1919 - John Alcock and Arthur Whitten Brown depart St. John's, Newfoundland on the first nonstop transatlantic flight.

1919 - Sam Wanamaker was born (d. 1993). American actor.

1919 - Nascimento, em São Paulo, de Linda Batista (Florinda Grandino de Oliveira), atriz brasileira e cantora da MPB.

1919 - Gene Barry [Eugene Klass] was born in New York, N. Y. . Actor (Bat Masterson, Burke’s Law, The Name of the Game, War of the Worlds, A Cry for Love, Our Miss Brooks, La Cage aux Folles ).

1920 - Max Weber dies (b. 1864). German sociologist.

1921 - Gene Barry was born. American actor.

1922 - Kevin Roche was born. Irish architect.

1924 - Sir James Whyte Black was born. British pharmacologist who (along with George H. Hitchings and Gertrude B. Elion) received the Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine in 1988 for his development of two important drugs, propranolol and cimetidine.

1925 - Pierre Salinger was born (d. 2004). Political operative, John F. Kennedy's Press Secretary.

1926 - Brazil leaves the League of Nations.

1926 - Hermann Kant was born. German author.

1926 - Don Newcombe was born. American baseball player.

1926 - Mary Stevenson Cassatt dies (b. 22 May 1844). Expatriate US Impressionist painter, specialized in Children (Ver biografia em Português em O Leme).

1927 - President Porfirio Diaz of Nicaragua signed a treaty with the U.S. allowing American intervention in his country.

1927 - Jerome K. Jerome dies (b. 1859). British author.

1927 - Ottavio Bottecchia dies (b. 1894). Italian cyclist.

1928 - Che Guevara was born (d. 1967). Argentine-born revolutionary.

1928 - Emmeline Pankhurst dies (b. 1857). British feminist.

1929 - Cy Coleman was born (d. 2004). American composer .

1931 - Junior Walker was born. America saxophonist and singer (Jr. Walker & the All Stars).

1931 - Marla Gibbs was born. American actress.

1932 - Joe Arpaio was born. Sheriff of Maricopa County, Arizona.

1932 - Dorimène Roy Desjardins dies. Canadian business pioneer.

1933 - Jerzy Kosinski was born (d. 1991). Polish author.

1933 - Vladislav Rastorotsky was born. Soviet gymnastics coach.

1934 - James J. Braddock scored one of the most upsetting victories in of his boxing career by beating John "Corn" Griffin - roughly marking the advent of his comeback to success and eventually winning World Heavyweight championship.

1936 - Renaldo "Obie" Benson was born (d. 2005). Singer (The Four Tops).

1936 - Irmelin Sandman Lilius was born. Finnish actor.

1936 - G. K. Chesterton dies (b. 1874). English author.

1936 - Hans Poelzig dies (b. 1869). German architect.

1937 - Pennsylvania becomes the first (and only) of the United States to celebrate Flag Day officially as a state holiday.

1937 - U. S. House of Representatives passes the 1937 Marihuana Tax Act.

1937 - Jørgen Leth was born. Danish film director.

1938 - Action Comics issues the first Superman comic.

1939 - John F. MacArthur was born. American evangelist.

1939 - Steny Hoyer was born. U.S. Congressman.

1940 - Spanish invade Tangier international zone.

1940 - World War II: U.S. President Franklin D. Roosevelt signs the Naval Expansion Act into law which aims to increase the United States Navy's tonnage by 11%.

1940 - German troops march into Paris, meeting practically no resistance as French and allied forces retreat.

1940 – A group of 728 Polish political prisoners from Tarnów become the first residents of the Auschwitz concentration camp.

1940 - Ben Davidson was born. American football player.

1941 - Mass deportations by Soviet Union authorities take place in Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania.

1942 - Anne Frank begins to keep a diary.

1943 - Harold Wheeler was born. American composer.

1943 - John Miles was born. British racing driver.

1944 - Laurie Colwin was born (d. 1992). American author.

1944 - Joaquín Álvarez Quintero dies. Spanish dramatist.

1945 - Rod Argent was born. English musician (The Zombies).

1945 - Nascimento em Porto Alegre - RS, de Carlos Reichenbach (Carlos Oscar Reichenbach Filho), actor e director do cinema brasileiro.

1945 - Jörg Immendorf was born. Painter.

1946 - Marla Gibbs was born. American actress, five-time Emmy Award and Golden Globe Award nominee.

1946 - Donald Trump was born. American businessman and entrepreneur.

1946 - Federigo Enriques dies at 75. Italian mathematician who made important contributions to geometry and to the history and philosophy of mathematics.

1946 - John Logie Baird dies (b. 1888). Scottish television pioneer.

1947 - Barry Melton was born. American guitarist (Country Joe and the Fish).

1949 - Jimmy Lea was born. British musician (Slade).

1949 - Harry Turtledove was born. American science fiction author.

1949 - Alan White was born. British drummer (Yes).

1949 - The state of Vietnam was formed.

1950 - Rowan Williams was born. 104 th Archbishop of Canterbury.

1951 - Paul Boateng was born. British politician.

1951 - UNIVAC I is dedicated by U.S. Census Bureau.

1952 - The keel is laid for the nuclear submarine USS Nautilus.

1952 - Leon Wieseltier ws born. American writer.

1952 - Pat Summitt was born. American basketball coach.

1953 - Janet Mackey was born. New Zealand politician.

1954 - U.S. President Dwight D. Eisenhower signs a bill into law that places the words "under God" to the United States' Pledge of Allegiance.

1954 - Will Patton was born. American actor.

1955 - Chile becomes a signatory to the Buenos Aires copyright treaty.

1955 - Michael D. Duvall was born. California State Assemblyman.

1955 - Paul O'Grady was born. British comedian and television presenter.

1956 - King Diamond was born. Danish singer (King Diamond, Mercyful Fate).

1957 - Maxi Jazz was born. British rapper (Faithless) and racing driver.

1958 - Eric Heiden was born. American speed skater.

1959 - A group of Dominican exiles with leftist tendencies which departed from Cuba landed in the Dominican Republic with the intent of deposing Rafael Leónidas Trujillo Molina's dicatorial regime. Save for four of them, all were killed and/or executed by Trujillo's army. This feat would be the inspiration for a clandestine group that would seek to continue undermining Trujillo's power and would be called "Movimiento Catorce de Junio" (14th of June Movement).

1960 - Mike Laga was born. American baseball player.

1961 - Boy George was born. British singer (Culture Club).

1961 - Sam Perkins ‘The Big Smooth’ was born. American basketball player: Univ. of North Carolina [all-American], Olympic gold medalist [1984], Dallas Mavericks, Los Angeles Lakers, Seattle SuperSonics, Indiana Pacers.

1962 - Anna Slesersby becomes the first victim of Albert DeSalvo, better known as the Boston Strangler.

1962 - The European Space Research Organisation is established in Paris – later becoming the European Space Agency.

1962 - New Mexico Supreme Court in the case of Montoya v. Bolack, 70 N.M. 196, prohibited state and local governments from denying Indians the right to vote because they lived on a reservation.

1964 - Peter Gilliver was born. English lexicographer.

1964 - Stacy Burke was born. American adult actress and model.

1966 - The Vatican announces the abolition of the index librorum prohibitum (index of prohibited books), which was originally instituted in 1557.

1966 - Traylor Howard was born. American actress.

1967 - Mariner program: Mariner 5 is launched toward Venus.

1967 - The People's Republic of China tests its first hydrogen bomb.

1967 - Kelly Nash was born. American radio personality.

1967 - Eddie Eagan dies (b. 1897). American sportsman.

1968 - Faizon Love was born. American actor.

1968 - Yasmine Bleeth was born. Amerian actress (Nash Bridges, Baywatch, Titans).

1968 - Salvatore Quasimodo dies (b. 20 Ago 1901). Italian poet, winner of the 1959 Nobel Prize in Literature "for his lyrical poetry, which with classical fire expresses the tragic experience of life in our own times" ( See here his speech at the Nobel Banquet at the City Hall in Stockholm, December 10, 1959).

1969 - Steffi Graf was born. German tennis player champ: Australian Open [1988, 1989, 1990, 1994], French Open [1987, 1988, 1993], Wimbledon [1988, 1989, 1991, 1992, 1993], U.S. Open [1988, 1989, 1993].

1969 - Éric Desjardins was born. French-Canadian hockey player.

1969 - Kyle Hebert was born. American voice actor.

1969 - MC Ren was born. American rapper.

1969 - Michael Gerber was born. American parody author.

1971 - Alexandra Castillo was born in Santiago. Chilean actress.

1971 - Bruce Bowen was born. American basketball player.

1971 - Ramon Vega was born. Former Swiss footballer.

1972 - Shaun Keaveny was born. British radio DJ.

1972 - Matthias Ettrich was born. German computer scientist (KDE).

1972 - The insecticide DDT is banned from use in the U.S. after 31 Dec 1972, by executive order of the Environmental Protection Agency.

1973 - Ceca Raznatovic was born. Serbian singer.

1973 - David Fonseca was born. Portuguese singer.

1974 - Jang Jin-young was born. South Korean actress.

1975 - Chris Onstad was born. American cartoonist.

1975 - Ryuji Miki was born. Japanese racing driver.

1975 - Pablo Antonio dies (b. 1902). Filipino modernist architect.

1976 - The trial begins at Oxford Crown Court of Donald Neilson, the killer known as the Black Panther.

1976 - The Gong Show debuts on NBC.

1976 - Alan Carr was born. British Stand-up comedian, Television presenter.

1976 - Massimo Oddo was born. Italian football player.

1977 - Chris McAlister was born. American football player.

1977 - Camila Pitanga was born in Rio de Janeiro. Brazilian actress.

1977 - Massimiliano Neri was born. Italian supermodel.

1977 - Robert Middleton dies b. 1911). American actor.

1978 - Steve Bégin was born. French-Canadian hockey player.

1978 - Annia Hatch was born. Cuban-American gymnast.

1978 - Diablo Cody was born. American screenwriter.

1979 - Luís Filipe was born. Portuguese footballer.

1981 - Chauncey Leopardi was born. American actor.

1981 - Elano was born. Brazilian footballer.

1981 - Lonneke Engel was born. Dutch model.

1982 - Falklands War ends: Argentine forces in the capital Stanley unconditionally surrender to British forces.

1982 - Lang Lang was born. Chinese pianist.

1982 - Jamie Green was born. British racing driver.

1983 - John Stocco was born. American football player.

1983 - Louis Garrel was born. French actor.

1983 - Siobhán Donaghy was born. British singer (ex-Sugababes).

1984 - Lorenzo Booker was born. American football player.

1985 - TWA Flight 847 is hijacked by Hezbollah shortly after take-off from Athens, Greece.

1985 - Andrew Bonner was born. Scotish soccer player.

1985 - Andy Soucek was born. Spanish racing drive.

1986 - Haley Hudson was born. American actress.

1986 - Jorge Luis Borges dies in Geneva (b. 1899). Argentine poet, essayist, short-story writer whose works have become classics of 20th-century world literature.

1986 - Alan Jay Lerner dies (b. 1918). American composer.

1988 - Kevin Michael McHale was born. American singer.

1989 - Actress Zsa Zsa Gabor is arrested in Beverly Hills, California after slapping a motorcycle police officer. She later complains that the handling she received "was like Nazi Germany". Ultimately, Gabor is sentenced to 72 hours in jail.

1989 - Courtney Halverson was born. American actress.

1990 - Miners from Jiu Valley are called to Bucharest by President Ion Iliescu to quell demonstrations in University Square by anti-government protesters.

1990 - Erna Berger dies (b. 1900). German soprano.

1991 - Marshall Ledbetter occupies the Florida State Capitol.

1991 - Dame Peggy Ashcroft dies (b. 1907). British actress.

1992 - Daryl Sabara was born. American actor.

1993 - A weeklong product tampering scare, later proven to be a hoax occurs as customers throughout the USA discover syringes in unopened cans of Diet Pepsi Cola.

1993 - Realiza-se um referendo no Malawi pelo qual é aprovado o multipartidarismo neste país.

1994 - Primeiro vôo do Boeing 777-200.

1994 - The New York Rangers win the Stanley Cup over the Vancouver Canucks 3-2 in Game 7, breaking a 54-year drought.

1994 - Henry Mancini dies (b. 1924). Academy Award-winning composer. On Apr 14, 2004, the US Postal Service issued a stamp in his honor.

1994 - Marcel Mouloudji dies (b. 1922). French singer and actor.

1995 - Roger Zelazny dies (b. 1937). American author.

1995 - Rory Gallagher dies (b. 1949). Irish musician and composer.

1997 - Croat President Franjo Tudjman [14 May 1922 – 10 Dec 1999] is reelected.

1997 - Richard Jaeckel dies (b. 1926). American actor.

1999 - Thabo Mbeki is inaugurated as the President of South Africa.

1999 - Bernie Faloney dies b. 1932). American professional football player.

2000 - No maior passo pela paz desde o fim da Guerra da Coréia, os líderes da Coréia do Norte e do Sul assinam um acordo prometendo trabalhar pela reconciliação e por uma eventual reunificação.

2000 - Attilio Bertolucci dies (b. 1911). Italian poet and writer.

2001 - China, Russia, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan and Uzbekistan form the Shanghai Cooperation Organisation.

2002 - Twelve are killed and 50 injured by a car bomb explosion in front of the U.S. consulate in Karachi, Pakistan.

2002 - American Roman Catholic bishops meeting adopts a policy to bar sexually abusive clergy from face-to-face contact with parishioners but keep them in the priesthood.

2002 - Portugal perde com a Coreia do Sul por 1-0 e é afastada da fase seguinte do Campeonato do Mundo de Futebol de 2002. Para além disso João Pinto é expulso e acusado de agredir o árbitro.

2002 - Twelve are killed and 50 injured by a car bomb explosion in front of the U.S. consulate in Karachi, Pakistan.

2002 - June Jordan dies (b. 1936). American writer and teacher.