On this day in History - Oct. 16
- 0456 - Magister militum Ricimer defeats the Emperor Avitus at Piacenza and becomes master of the western Roman Empire.
- 1311 - A Ordem dos cavaleiros Templários é extinta. Em Portugal, será transformada, por ordem de D. Dinis, na Ordem de Cristo, continuando a ser governada pelo mesmo Mestre.
- 1355 - Louis dies felled by the Black Death.
- 1396 - William de la Pole, 1st Duke of Suffolk was born (d. 1450). English soldier.
- 1430 - King James II of Scotland was born (d. 1460)
- 1483 - Gasparo Contarini was born (d. 1542). Italian diplomat and cardinal.
- 1535 - Niwa Nagahide was born (d. 1585). Japanese warlord.
- 1553 - Lucas Cranach the Elder dies (b. 1472). German painter.
- 1555 - Nicholas Ridley dies martyred. English protestant.
- 1555 - Hugh Latimer dies martyred. English protestant.
- 1591 - Pope Gregory XIV dies (b. 1535).
- 1594 - William Cardinal Allen dies (b. 1532). English Catholic cardinal.
- 1620 - Pierre Puget was born. Sculptor.
- 1621 - Jan Pieterszoon Sweelinck dies (b. 1562). Dutch composer.
- 1628 - François de Malherbe dies (b. 1555). French poet and critic.
- 1649 - Isaac van Ostade dies (b. 1621). Dutch painter.
- 1655 - Joseph Solomon Delmedigo dies (b. 1591). Italian physician, mathematician, and music theorist.
- 1663 - Prince Eugene of Savoy was born (d. 1736). French-born Austrian general.
- 1680 - Raimondo Montecuccoli dies (b. 1608 or 1609). Italian-Austrian general.
- 1689 - Pietro Vitto Ottoboni, italian cardinal, is elected Pope Alexander VIII.
- 1710 - Andreas Hadik was born (d. 1790). Austro-Hungarian general.
- 1714 - Giovanni Arduino was born (d. 1795). Italian geologist.
- 1726 - Daniel Chodowiecki was born (d. 1801). Polish painter.
- 1750 - Sylvius Leopold Weiss dies (b. 1687). German composer and lutenist.
- 1751 - Frederika Louisa of Hesse-Darmstadt was born (d. 1805). Queen of Prussia.
- 1752 - Johann Gottfried Eichhorn was born (d. 1827). German theologian.
- 1754 - Morgan Lewis was born (d. 1844). Governor of New York (1804-07).
- 1755 - Saint Gerard Majella dies (b. 1725). Catholic saint.
- 1758 - Noah Webster was born (d. 1843). American lexicographer.
- 1769 - Portugal: Concessão do título de marquês ao Conde de Oeiras.
- 1775 - Portland, Maine burned by the British.
- 1781 - George Washington captures Yorktown, Virginia.
- 1781 - Edward Hawke, 1st Baron Hawke dies (b. 1705). British naval officer.
- 1789 - William Burton was born (d. 1866). Governor of Delaware (1859-63).
- 1791 - Grigori Alexandrovich Potemkin dies (b. 1739). Russian general and statesman.
- 1793 - John Hunter dies (b. 1728). Eminent doctor and philosopher.
- 1793 - Marie Antoinette (b. 1755). Queen of France wife of Louis XVI is guillotined at the height of the French Revolution.
- 1793 - Battle of Wattignies.
- 1795 - William Buell Sprague was born (d. 1876). American clergyman and author.
- 1796 - Victor Amadeus III of Savoy dies (b. 1726).
- 1802 - Isaac Murphy was born (d. 1882). Governor of Arkansas (1864-68).
- 1806 - William Pitt Fessenden was born (d. 1869). U.S. Secretary of Treasury (1864-65).
- 1810 - Nachman of Breslov dies (b. 1772). Founder of Breslov Hasidut.
- 1815 - Francis Lubbock was born (d. 1905).Governor of Texas.
- 1819 - Austin F. Pike was born (d. 1886). American politician from New Hampshire.
- 1834 - Much of the ancient structures of the Palace of Westminster in London is burnt down.
- 1840 - Kuroda Kiyotaka was born (d. 1900). Japanese politician and prime minister.
- 1841 - Queen's University is founded in Kingston, Ontario, Canada.
- 1841 - Prince Hirobumi Ito was born (d. 1909). Japanese governor of Korea.
- 1841 - Queen's University is founded in Kingston, Ontario, Canada.
- 1843 - Sir William Rowan Hamilton comes up with the idea of quaternions, a non-commutative extension of complex numbers.
- 1843 - Sir William Rowan Hamilton invents the concept of quaternions.
- 1847 - D. Maria Pia de Sabóia was born. Queen of Portugal.
- 1854 - Oscar Wilde was born (d. 1900). Irish writer.
- 1854 - Karl Kautsky was born (d. 1938). Marxist theoretician.
- 1855 - Samedbey Mehmandarov was born (d. 1931). Russian general.
- 1859 - John Brown leads raid on Harper's Ferry, West Virginia.
- 1861 - J. B. Bury was born (d. 1927). Irish historian.
- 1863 - Austen Chamberlain was born (d. 1937). English statesman, recipient of the Nobel Peace Prize.
- 1865 - Andrés Bello dies (b. 1781). Venezuelan poet, lawmaker, philosopher, and sociologist.
- 1869 - Cardiff Giant, one of the most famous American hoaxes, discovered.
- 1869 - England's first residential college for women, Girton College, Cambridge, is founded.
- 1877 - Theodore Barrière dies (b. 1823). French dramatist.
- 1878 - Maxey Long was born. American athlete.
- 1882 - The Nickel Plate Railroad opens for business.
- 1883 - Vasiliki Maliaros was born (d. 1973). Greek actress.
- 1884 - Rembrandt Bugatti was born (d. 1916). Italian sculptor.
- 1886 - David Ben-Gurion was born (d. 1973). First Prime Minister of Israel.
- 1888 - Eugene O'Neill was born (d. 1953). American playwright. Nobel Prize for Literature in 1936.
- 1888 - Paul Popenoe was born (d. 1979). American activist.
- 1888 - John Wentworth dies (b. 1815). Mayor of Chicago.
- 1890 - Maria Goretti was born (d. 1902). Italian saint. / Nascimento de Santa Maria Goretti . Beatificada em 1947 e canonizada em 1950.
- 1890 - Michael Collins was born (d. 1922). Irish patriot.
- 1890 - Paul Strand was born (d. 1975). American photographer.
- 1893 - Patrice MacMahon, duc de Magenta dies (b. 1808). President of France.
- 1897 - Louis de Cazenave was born. France's oldest living man.
- 1898 - William O. Douglas was born (d. 1980). U. S. Supreme Court Justice.
- 1900 - Primo Conti was born (d. 1988). Italian painter.
- 1900 - Edward Ardizzone was born (d. 1979). Artist and illustrator.
- 1900 - Goose Goslin was born (d. 1971). American baseball player.
- 1903 - Cecile de Brunhoff was born (d. 2003). French storyteller.
- 1904 - Armando Miranda was born. Portuguese writer and film director.
- 1905 - The Partition of Bengal (India) occurred.
- 1906 - The Captain of Köpenick fools the city hall of Köpenick and several soldiers by impersonating a Prussian officer.
- 1906 - Dino Buzzati was born. Italian writer and journalist.
- 1906 - León Klimovsky was born (d. 1996). Argentine film director.
- 1908 - Enver Hoxha was born (d. 1985). Albanian dictator.
- 1909 - Jakub_Bart-Cisinski was born (d. 1856). Serbian writer.
- 1912 - Bulgarian pilots Radul Milkov and Prodan Toprakchiev perform the first bombing with an airplane in history.
- 1914 - Mohammed Zahir Shah was born (d. 2007). King of Afghanistan.
- 1916 - Margaret Sanger founds Planned Parenthood by opening the first U.S. birth control clinic.
- 1916 - George Turner was born (d. 1997). Australian author.
- 1917 - Alice Pearce was born (d. 1966). American actress.
- 1918 - Louis Althusser was born (d. 1990). French Marxist philosopher.
- 1919 - Kathleen Winsor was born (d. 2003). American writer.
- 1920 - Alberto Nepomuceno dies (b. 1864). Brazilian composer.
- 1922 - Leon Sullivan was born (d. 2001). American civil rights leader and pastor.
- 1922 - Max Bygraves was born. English singer songwriter.
- 1923 - Bert Kaempfert was born (d. 1980). German orchestra leader and songwriter.
- 1923 - Linda Darnell was born (d. 1965). American film actress.
- 1925 - Angela Lansbury was born. English-born actress.
- 1927 - Günter Grass was born. German novelist who was awarded with the 1999 Nobel Prize in Literature.
- 1928 - Mary Daly was born. American feminist.
- 1928 - Ann Morgan Guilbert was born. American actress.
- 1929 - Fernanda Montenegro was born. Brazilian actress.
- 1930 - Carmen Sevilla was born. Spanish actress.
- 1931 - Charles Colson was born. American Watergate conspirator.
- 1931 - James Chace was born (d. 2004). American historian.
- 1931 - Rosa Rosal was born. Filipino actress and humanitarian.
- 1932 - Henry Lewis was born (d. 1996). American musician and conductor.
- 1932 - John Grant was born (d. 2000). British politician.
- 1933 - Ismael Montes dies. 26th President of Bolivia.
- 1934 - Chinese Communists begin the Long March; it ended a year and four days later, by which time Mao Zedong had regained his title as party chairman.
- 1934 - Peter Ashdown was born. British racing driver.
- 1936 - Inauguração oficial do Aeroporto Santos Dumont, no Rio de Janeiro, o primeiro aeroporto civil brasileiro.
- 1936 - Andrei Chikatilo was born. Russian serial killer.
- 1936 - Agnaldo Timóteo was born. Brazilian singer.
- 1936 - Akira Machida was born. Japanese judge.
- 1936 - Peter Bowles was born. English actor.
- 1937 - Tom Monaghan was born. Founder of Dominos pizza.
- 1937 - Jean de Brunhoff dies (b. 1899). French writer.
- 1938 - Nico (Christa Päffgen) was born (d. 18 Jul 1988). German musician (The Velvet Underground).
- 1938 - Carl Gunter Jr was born (d. 1999). Louisiana State Representative.
- 1939 - World War II: First attack on British territory by German Luftwaffe.
- 1940 - Warsaw Ghetto established.
- 1940 - Barry Corbin was born. American actor.
- 1940 - Dave DeBusschere was born (d. 2003). American basketball player.
- 1941 - Tim McCarver was born. baseball player and commentator.
- 1943 - Fred Turner was born. Canadian bass player (Bachman-Turner Overdrive.
- 1945 - The Food and Agriculture Organization was founded in Quebec City, Canada / Criação da FAO (Organização das Nações Unidas para a Agricultura e a Alimentação).
- 1946 - Ten war criminals of the Second World War, condemned in the Nuremberg trials are hanged. (Hans Frank, Wilhelm Frick, Alfred Jodl, Ernst Kaltenbrunner, Wilhelm Keitel, Joachim von Ribbentrop, Alfred Rosenberg, Fritz Sauckel, Arthur Seyss-Inquart, Julius Streicher)
- 1946 - Suzanne Somers was born. American actress.
- 1947 - Bob Weir was born. American musician (The Grateful Dead) .
- 1947 - David Zucker was born. American film director.
- 1947 - Terry Griffiths was born. Welsh snooker player.
- 1947 - Carlos Ott was born. Uruguayan architect.
- 1948 - Hema Malini was born. Indian actress.
- 1948 - Leo Mazzone was born. American baseball coach.
- 1949 - Nikos Zakhiariadis, leader of the Communist Party of Greece, announces a "temporary cease-fire", effectively ending the Greek Civil War.
- 1949 - The diplomatic relations between the Soviet Union and German Democratic Republic were established.
- 1949 - Joan Manuel Gisbert was born. Spanish writer.
- 1951 - Liaquat Ali Khan dies (b. 1896). First Prime Minister of Pakistan.
- 1952 - Boogie Mosson was born. American musician (P Funk).
- 1952 - Ron Taylor was born (d. 2002), American actor.
- 1953 - Paulo Roberto Falcão was born. Brazilian footballer.
- 1954 - Stephen Mellor was born. American actor.
- 1956 - Johnny Chavis was born. Native American football coach.
- 1956 - Jules Rimet dies (b. 1873). President of FIFA.
- 1958 - Eleftheria Arvanitaki was born. Greek singer.
- 1958 - Tim Robbins was born. American actor, director, and writer.
- 1959 - Brian Harper was born. Baseball player.
- 1959 - Gary Kemp was born. British musician and actor.
- 1959 - Erkki-Sven Tüür was born. Estonian composer.
- 1959 - George C. Marshall dies (b. 1880). General and United States Secretary of State. Nobel Peace Prize laureate.
- 1960 - Bob Mould was born. American musician.
- 1961 - Cork International Airport opened in Ireland.
- 1961 - Randy Vasquez was born. American actor.
- 1961 - Marc Levy was born. French novelist.
- 1962 - Cuban Missile Crisis between the United States and Cuba began.
- 1962 - Dmitri Hvorostovsky was born. Russian baritone.
- 1962 - Flea (Michael Peter Balzary) was born. Australian musician (Red Hot Chili Peppers)
- 1962 - Manute Bol was born. Sudanese-born basketball player for the NBA
- 1962 - Gaston Bachelard dies (b. 1884). French philosopher and poet.
- 1964 - People's Republic of China detonates its first nuclear weapon.
- 1965 - Steve Lamacq was born. British journalist and disc jockey.
- 1966 - Grace Slick's first live performance with Jefferson Airplane.
- 1966 - George O'Hara dies (b. 1899). American actor.
- 1967 - Joan Baez arrested in Vietnam protest Folk singer Joan Baez is arrested in a peace demonstration as rallies take place across America to protest against the continuing war in Vietnam.
- 1967 - Davina McCall was born. British television presenter.
- 1967 - Tom Monaghan was born. Founder of Dominos pizza.
- 1968 - United States athletes Tommie Smith and John Carlos are kicked out of the USA's team for performing a Black Power salute during a medal ceremony.
- 1968 - Kingston, Jamaica is rocked by the Rodney Riots, inspired by the barring of Walter Rodney from the country.
- 1968 - Randall Batinkoff was born. American actor.
- 1968 - Elsa Zylberstein was born. French actress.
- 1968 - Ellis Kinder dies (b. 1914). American baseball player.
- 1969 - Roy Hargrove was born. American jazz trumpeter.
- 1969 - Takao Ōmori was born. Japanese professional wrestler.
- 1969 - Terri J. Vaughn was born. American actress.
- 1969 - Wendy Wilson was born. American pop singer (Wilson Phillips).
- 1970 - Anwar Sadat elected President of Egypt.
- 1970 - Canada - In response to the October Crisis terrorist kidnapping, Prime Minister Pierre Trudeau invokes the War Measures Act.
- 1970 - Kazuyuki Fujita was born. Japanese professional wrestler and mixed martial arts fighter.
- 1970 - Mehmet Scholl was born. German footballer.
- 1971 - Chad Gray was born. American singer.
- 1971 - Emilio Pettoruti dies. Argentine painter.
- 1972 - Anúncio oficial do fim do grupo Creedence Clearwater Revival.
- 1972 - Darius Kasparaitis was born. National Hockey League player.
- 1972 - Kordell Stewart was born. American football player.
- 1972 - Tomas Lindberg was born. Swedish musician (At the Gates).
- 1972 - Hale Boggs dies (b. 1914). U.S. Congressman from Louisiana.
- 1972 - Leo G. Carroll dies (b. 1892). English actor.
- 1973 - Peter Polaco was born. American professional wrestler.
- 1973 - Chad Gray was born. American singer (Mudvayne).
- 1973 - David Unsworth was born. English professional footballer.
- 1973 - Gene Krupa dies (b. 1909). American musician.
- 1974 - Maze prison goes up in flames: Three prison staff are in hospital and dozens of prisoners injured after rioting and fires at the Long Kesh Maze prison.
- 1974 - Paul Kariya was born. Canadian hockey player.
- 1974 - Deo Grech was born. Maltese television presenter, songwriter.
- 1975 - Forças militares indonésias invadem o território timorense; algumas localidades da fronteira ocidental de Timor Leste são destruídas pelas forças invasoras.
- 1975 - The Balibo Five, a group of Australian television journalists based in the town of Balibo in the then Portuguese Timor (now East Timor), are killed by Indonesian troops.
- 1975 - Kellie Martin was born. American actress.
- 1975 - Brynjar Gunnarsson was born. Icelandic footballer.
- 1975 - Jacques Kallis was born. South African cricketer.
- 1976 - Rita_Ferro_Rodrigues was born. Portuguese TV presenter and journalist.
- 1976 - Ryan Fitzgerald was born. Australian football (AFL) player and media personality.
- 1977 - Jon Heder was born. American actor and filmmaker.
- 1977 - John Mayer was born. American musician.
- 1978 - Karol Józef Wojtyła becomes Pope John Paul II 265th pope. Cardinals at the Vatican choose the first non-Italian Pope for more than 400 years.
- 1978 - Dan Dailey dies (b. 1913). American actor.
- 1979 - Erin Brown was born. B-movie actress, model, filmmaker, former softcore erotic actress, and musician.
- 1979 - Johan Borgen dies (b. 1903). Norwegian author.
- 1979 - Misty Mundae was born. B-movie actress.
- 1980 - Jeremy Jackson was born. American actor.
- 1980 - Sue Bird was born. American basketball player.
- 1980 - Timana Tahu was born. Australian rugby league player.
- 1981 - Anthony Reyes was born. Starting pitcher for the St. Louis Cardinals.
- 1981 - Caterina Scorsone was born. Canadian actress.
- 1981 - Martin Halle was born. Danish footballer.
- 1981 - Moshe Dayan dies (b. 1915). Israeli general and politician.
- 1982 - Frédéric Michalak was born. French rugby player.
- 1982 - Vincy Chan was born. Hong Kong singer.
- 1982 - Adriano Correia de Oliveira dies (b. 9 Apr 1942). Portuguese singer and composer.
- 1982 - Mario del Monaco dies (b. 1915). Italian tenor.
- 1983 - Kelso dies (b. 1957). American racehorse.
- 1983 - Jakov Gotovac dies (b. 1895). Croatian composer.
- 1984 - Professional Wrestler Shawn Michaels made his debut.
- 1984 - Desmond Tutu is awarded the Nobel Peace Prize .
- 1984 - Melissa Lauren was born. French pornographic actress.
- 1984 - Trevor Blumas was born. Canadian actor.
- 1985 - Portugal vence a Alemanha em casa desta por 1-0 com o famoso golo de Carlos Manuel e qualifica-se para a fase final do Campeonato do Mundo Mexico 1986.
- 1985 - Casey Stoner was born. Australian motorcycle racer.
- 1986 - Dean Burke was born. Interpreter; Presqu'ile Provincial Park.
- 1986 - Arthur Grumiaux dies (b. 1921). Belgian violinist.
- 1986 - A cidade de Barcelona é designada pelos miembros do COI como cenario dos Jogos Olímpicos de 1992.
- 1986 - Craig Pickering was born. British sprinter.
- 1987 - Great Storm of 1987: hurricane force winds to hit much of the South of England killing 23 people.
- 1988 - Zoltán Stieber was born. Hungarian footballer.
- 1988 - Emídio Santana dies (b. 1906). Portuguese anarch-sindicalist.
- 1989 - Cornel Wilde dies (b. 1915). American actor.
- 1990 - Art Blakey dies (b. 1919). American jazz drummer.
- 1990 - Jorge Bolet dies (b. 1914). Cuban-American classical pianist.
- 1991 - Luby's massacre: George Hennard runs amok in Killeen, Texas, killing 23 and wounding 20 in Luby's Cafeteria.
- 1992 - Duchess of York Sarah Ferguson files a 1.4 million USD lawsuit against French tabloids for running topless photos taken of her on the French Riviera, including some of Texas millionaire John Bryan suckling on her toes.
- 1992 - Shirley Booth dies (b. 1898). American actress.
- 1993 - Anti-Nazi riot breaks out in Welling in Kent, after police stop protesters approaching British National Party headquarters.
- 1993 - Paolo Bortoluzzi dies. Italian dancer and coreographer.
- 1994 - Portugal: Sete operários morrem numa chaminé da central termo-eléctrica de Setúbal.
- 1994 - Raúl Juliá dies (b. 1940). Puerto Rican actor.
- 1995 - The Million Man March occurs in Washington, DC.
- 1996 - Eighty-four people are killed and more than 180 injured as 47,000 soccer fans attempt to squeeze into the 36,000-seat Mateo Flores Stadium in Guatemala City.
- 1996 - Eric Malpass dies (b. 1910). English novelist.
- 1996 - Jason Bernard dies (b. 1938). American actor.
- 1997 - Audra Lindley dies (b. 1918). American actress.
- 1997 - James Michener dies. American writer.
- 1998 - Former Chilean dictator Gen. Augusto Pinochet is arrested in London on a warrant from Spain requesting his extradition on murder charges.
- 1998 - Jon Postel dies (b. 1943). American Internet pioneer.
- 1998 - David Trimble e John Hume, os Principais artífices do processo de paz na Irlanda do Norte, são galardoados com o Prémio Nobel da Paz.
- 1999 - Jean Shepherd dies (b. 1921). American writer and actor.
- 2000 - Mel Carnahan dies (b. 1934). American politician.
- 2000 - InuYasha debuts in Japan.
- 2001 - U.S. invasion of Afghanistan: U.S. warplanes mistakenly bomb International Red Cross warehouse in Kabul, Afghanistan.
- 2002 - Bibliotheca Alexandrina in the Egyptian city of Alexandria, a commemoration of the Library of Alexandria that was lost in antiquity, is officially inaugurated.
- 2002 - Authorization for Use of Military Force Against Iraq Resolution of 2002, was signed into law by President George W. Bush.
- 2002 - Angela Dawson dies. American murder victim.
- 2003 - iTunes released for Windows XP and Windows 2000.
- 2003 - The Boston Red Sox and the New York Yankees face off in a historical ALCS game 7 at Yankee Stadium. The game ends in dramatic fashion with an Aaron Boone walk off home run.
- 2003 - Stu Hart dies (b. 1915). Canadian professional wrestler.
- 2003 - László Papp dies (b. 1926). Hungarian boxer.
- 2003 - Avni Arbas dies (b. 1919). Turkish artist.
- 2004 - Pierre Salinger dies (b. 1925). John F. Kennedy's White House Press Secretary.
- 2004 - Arsenal loses their first league match since May 7, 2003, a record 49 moors.
- 2005 - The Millions More March occurs in Washington, DC.
- 2005 - "Len" Dresslar dies (b. 1925). American singer and voice actor.
- 2005 - David Reilly dies (b. 1971). American singer (God Lives Underwater).
- 2005 - Eugene "Porky" Lee dies (b. 1933). American child actor.
- 2006 - Valentín Paniagua Corazao dies (b. 1936). Ex President of Peru.
- 2006 - Ross Davidson dies (b. 1949). British actor.
- 2006 - Tommy Johnson dies (b. 1935). American tubist.
- 2006 - Lister Sinclair dies (b. 1921). Canadian broadcaster and playwright.
- 2007 - Deborah Kerr dies (b. 1921). Scottish actress.
- 2007 - Toše Proeski dies (b. 1981). Macedonian music star.
- 2007 - Barbara West dies. Second to last living Titanic survivor.
- Boss's Day in the United States.
- Pope John Paul II Day in Poland.
- World Food Day.
- R.C. Saints - Gerard Majella, Hedwig, Fortunatus of Casei.
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