On this day in History - Mar. 09

• 0590 - Bahram Chobin is crowned as king Barham VI of Persia
• 1202 - King Sverre of Norway dies
• 1213 - Hugh IV was born Duke of Burgundy (d. 1271).
• 1230 - Bulgarian tsar Ivan Asen II defeats Theodore of Epirus near the village of Klokotnitsa.
• 1276 - Augsburg becomes an Imperial Free City .
• 1285 - Emperor Go-Nijo of Japan was born (d. 1318)
• 1422 - Jan Zelivsky dies (b. 1380). Hussite priest.
• 1440 - St Frances of Rome dies (b. 1384). Italian nun.
• 1454 - Amerigo Vespucci was born (d. 1512). Explorer and cartographer.
• 1500 - The fleet of Pedro Alvares Cabral leaves Lisbon for the Indies. The fleet will discover the sea route to Brazil, already Portuguese since the treaty of Tordesillas in 1494 /A armada de Pedro Álvares Cabral zarpa de Lisboa na viagem que conduziu à descoberta do Brasil.
• 1513 - Giovanni di Lorenzo de' Medici é eleito papa com o nome Leão X.
• 1564 - David Fabricius was born (d. 1617). German astronomer.
• 1566 - David Rizzio, the private secretary to Mary I of Scotland, was murdered in the Palace of Holyroodhouse, Edinburgh, Scotland.
• 1568 - Aloysius Gonzaga was born (d. 1591). Italian saint.
• 1629 - Tsar Alexis I of Russia was born (d. 1676)
• 1649 - James Hamilton, 1st Duke of Hamilton dies (b. 1606). Scottish statesman.
• 1649 - Henry Rich, 1st Earl of Holland dies executed (b. 1590). English soldier.
• 1661 - Jules Cardinal Mazarin dies (b. 1602). French cardinal and statesman.
• 1697 - Friederike Caroline Neuber was born (d. 1760). Actress.
• 1718 - Foi permitida a escravização dos índios antropófagos do Brasil.
• 1720 - Philip Yorke, 2nd Earl of Hardwicke was born (d. 1790). English politician.
• 1723 - Martinho de Mascarenhas dies (b. 1681). Portuguese noble [Marquis of Gouveia].
• 1734 - Francisco Bayeu y Subías was born. Painter.
• 1737 - Josef Mysliveček, was born (d. 1781). Czech composer.
• 1749 - Honore Mirabeau was born (d. 1791). French writer and politician.
• 1753 - Jean-Baptiste Kleber was born (d. 1800). French general.
• 1758 - Franz Joseph Gall was born (d. 1828). German neuroscientist.
• 1763 - William Cobbett was born (d. 1835). English journalist and author.
• 1765 - After a public campaign by the writer Voltaire, judges in Paris find Jean Calas innocent (after having been tortured and executed in 1762) of murdering his son, Marc-Antoine, who had committed suicide).
• 1776 - Publication of the economics book The Wealth of Nations by Adam Smith.
• 1796 - Napoléon Bonaparte marries his first wife Joséphine de Beauharnais.
• 1806 - Edwin Forrest was born (d. 1872). American actor, philanthropist.
• 1808 - Joseph Bonomi the Elder dies (B. 1739). Architect.
• 1814 - Taras Shevchenko was born (d. 1861). Ukrainian poet.
• 1825 - Alexander F. Mozhaiski was born (d. 1890). Russian aviation pioneer.
• 1831 - A França de Luis Filipe de Orleans cria a Legião Estrangeira, com tropas estrangeiras anteriormente ao serviço do rei Carlos X, deposto no ano anterior.
• 1833 - Francisco Martins Sarmento was born (d. 1899). Portuguese archealogist.
• 1834 - French Foreign Legion is founded.
• 1838 - Portugal : Revolta do Arsenal. Sublevação de setembristas radicais com o objectivo de impor a demissão de personalidades moderadas do governo. Durará até dia 13 de Março.
• 1839 - Phoebe Knapp was born (d. 1908). American hymn writer.
• 1841 - The Supreme Court of the United States rules in the Amistad case, concerning captive Africans who seized control of the slave-trading ship carrying them: the court rules that they had been taken into slavery illegally.
• 1842 - Giuseppe Verdi's third opera Nabucco premieres in Milan; its success establishes Verdi as one of Italy's foremost opera writers.
• 1847 - Mexican-American War: United States forces under General Winfield Scott invade Mexico near Vera Cruz.
• 1851 - Hans Christian Ørsted dies (b. 1777). Danish physicist.
• 1856 - Sigma Alpha Epsilon: was founded in the Johnston Mansion House on the University of Alabama
• 1856 - Eddie Foy was born (d. 1928). American singer, dancer, vaudeville performer.
• 1862 - American Civil War: The first battle between two ironclad warships - In a five-hour battle near Hampton Roads, Virginia the USS Monitor fights the CSS Virginia to a draw.
• 1865 - João Simões Lopes Neto was born (d. 1916). Brazilian writer.
• 1883 - Umberto Saba [Umberto Poli] was born in Trieste (d. 1957). Italian poet.
• 1879 - Nace Otto Hahn, químico alemán, descubridor de la posibilidad de desintegración del átomo de uranio.
• 1887 - Phil Mead was born (d. 1958). English cricketeer.
• 1888 - William I, German Emperor dies (b. 1797).
• 1890 - Vyacheslav Molotov was born (d. 1986). Russian politician.
• 1892 - Vita Sackville-West was born (d. 1962). English writer and gardener.
• 1894 - Frank Arnau was born (d. 1976). German writer.
• 1895 - Leopold von Sacher-Masoch dies. Austrian writer (Masochism).
• 1896 - Prime Minister Francesco Crispi resigns following the Italian defeat at the Battle of Adowa.
• 1897 - Sondre Norheim dies (b. 1825). Norwegian skier.
• 1900 - Howard Aiken was born (d. 1973). American computing pioneer.
• 1900 - Tomislav II of Croatia, 4th Duke of Aosta was born (d. 1948). Italian aristocrat.
• 1902 - Will Geer was born (d. 1978). American actor.
• 1908 - Inter Milan was founded from 43 dissident associates of Milan.
• 1909 - Derk Bodde was born (d. 2003). American sinologist.
• 1910 - The Westmoreland County Coal Strike, involving 15,000 coal miners represented by the United Mine Workers, begins.
• 1910 - Samuel Barber was born (d. 1981). American composer.
• 1916 - Declaração de guerra da Alemanha a Portugal, devido à requisição de todos os navios mercantes alemães refugiados em portos portugueses. Portugal entrava na Primeira Guerra Mundial.
• 1916 - Pancho Villa leads 1,500 Mexican raiders in an attack against Columbus, New Mexico, killing 17.
• 1918 - Mickey Spillane was born. American mystery writer.
• 1918 - George Lincoln Rockwell was born (d. 1967). American Nazi leader.
• 1921 - Carl Betz was born (d. 1978). American actor.
• 1921 - Dimitris Horn was born (d. 1998). Greek actor.
• 1923 - Walter Kohn was born (d. 1998). Physicist, winner of the Nobel Prize in Chemistry.
• 1924 - Peter Scholl-Latour was born. Journalist.
• 1924 - Italy annexes Fiume.
• 1925 - Pink's War, the first RAF operation conducted independently of the Army or Navy, begins.
• 1926 - Irene Papas was born. Greek actress.
• 1929 - Desmond Hoyte was born (d. 2002). Prime Minister and President of Guyana.
• 1930 - Ornette Coleman was born. American saxophonist and composer.
• 1931 - Taina Elg was born. Finnish-American actress.
• 1931 - Ernst Ruska, Premio Nobel per la fisica nel 1986, sperimenta il primo microscopio elettronico.
• 1932 - The Egyptian University rector "Ahmed Lotfy El-Said" resigned to protest against the transfer of Dr.Taha Hussein without the University's permission. In 2003, an academic group called "March 9" was established in Egypt to defend academic rights and university independence.
• 1932 - The first Ford Flathead engine left the assembly line at Ford Motor Company.
• 1932 - O antigo imperador chinês Pu Yi é colocado pelos japoneses à frente da Manchúria, província chinesa ocupada pelo Japão.
• 1932 - Keely Smith was born. American singer.
• 1932 - Walter Mercado was born. Puerto Rican astrologist and actor
• 1933 - Great Depression: The U.S. Congress begins its first 100 days of enacting New Deal legislation. President Franklin D. Roosevelt submits the Emergency Banking Act to Congress.
• 1933 - Mel Lastman was born. Canadian politician .
• 1933 - Lloyd Price was born. American singer
• 1934 - Yuri Alekseyevich Gagarin was born in Gzhast, Smolsensk Oblast - Russia cosmonaut, first human in space ( † 1968).
• 1934 - Del Close was born (d. 1999). American actor, improviser, writer, and teacher.
• 1934 - Marlene Streit was born. Canadian golfer
• 1934 - Joyce Van Patten was born. American actress
• 1935 - Hitler announced the creation of a new air force.
• 1935 - Andrew Viterbi was born. American telecommunications scientist and business man.
• 1936 - Mickey Gilley was born. American musician and singer
• 1936 - Tom Sestak was born (d. 1987). American football player.
• 1937 - Bernard Landry was born. Premier of Quebec from 2001-2003
• 1937 - Brian Redman was born. British racing driver.
• 1937 - Paul Elmer More dies (b. 1864). American critic and essayist.
• 1938 - Lill-Babs was born. Swedish singer
• 1938 - Ramiz Galvão dies (b. 1846). Brazilian physician, philologist and orator.
• 1940 - John Cale was born. Composer, musician .
• 1940 - Raúl Juliá was born (d. 1994). Puerto Rican actor.
• 1941 - Ernesto Miranda was born (d. 1976). American litigant.
• 1942 - John Cale was born. Welsh musician, (The Velvet Underground)
• 1942 - Pedro Bandeira was born. Brazilian writer.
• 1942 - Mark Lindsay was born. American singer/musician (Paul Revere & The Raiders)
• 1943 - Bobby Fischer was born. American chess player, World Champion (1972-1974).
• 1943 - Charles Gibson was born. American television journalist
• 1943 - Trish Van Devere was born. American actress
• 1945 - World War II: Bombing of Tokyo - American B-29 bombers attack Tokyo, Japan with incendiary bombs. The resulting fire storm kills over 100,000 people.
• 1945 - Robin Trower was born. British rock musician
• 1945 - Dennis Rader was born. American serial killer
• 1946 - Jim Cregan was born. British rock musician
• 1947 - Keri Hulme was born. New Zealandic writer
• 1947 - Cirilo de Paula Freitas dies (b. 1860). Brazilian religious.
• 1948 - Jeffrey Osborne was born in Providence, RI. American singer.
• 1950 - Doug Ault was born (d. 2004). Major League Baseball player.
• 1950 - Danny Sullivan was born. American tace car driver.
• 1951 - Michael Kinsley was born. American journalist and editor
• 1951 - Helen Zille was born. South African politician
• 1951 - Michael Kinsley was born. Journalist, editor, founder of Slate magazine .
• 1954 - McCarthyism: CBS broadcasts the See It Now episode, "A Report on Senator Joseph McCarthy," produced by Edward R. Murrow.
• 1954 - Bobby Sands was born (d. 1981). Irish republican.
• 1954 - Eva Ahnert-Rohlfs dies (b. 1912). Astronomer.
• 1954 - V. Walfrid Ekman dies (b. 1874). Swedish oceanographer.
• 1955 - Ornela Mutti was born. Italian actress.
• 1955 - Teo Fabi was born. Italian racing driver
• 1956 - Shashi Tharoor was born. Indian author & United Nations Under-Secretary General
• 1956 - David Willetts was born. UK Shadow Secretary for Education (Conservative)
• 1957 - The magnitude 8.6 1957 Andreanof Islands Earthquake and tsunami occurs.
• 1957 - Mark Mancina was born. American Composer.
• 1957 - Faith Daniels was born. American Journalist
• 1957 - Mona Sahlin was born. Swedish Politician
• 1958 - Martin Fry was born. English pop singer (ABC)
• 1959 - The Barbie doll debuts.
• 1960 - Linda Fiorentino was born. American actress.
• 1960 - Jack Beattie dies (b. 1886). Northern Irish politician.
• 1961 - Robert Rechsteiner was born. US Professional wrestler.
• 1961 - Fernando Luís was born. Portuguese actor
• 1963 - Fernando Mendes was born. Portuguese actor and humourist.
• 1963 - Sean Salisbury was born. American football player
• 1963 - Terry Mulholland was born. American baseball player
• 1963 - David Pogue was born. Technology columnist and musician
• 1964 - The first Ford Mustang rolls off the assembly line at Ford Motor Company.
• 1964 - Juliette Binoche was born. French actress
• 1964 - Phil Housley was born. American ice hockey player
• 1964 - Herbert Fandel was born. German football referee
• 1964 - Paul Erich von Lettow-Vorbeck dies (b.1870). German general.
• 1965 - Benito Santiago was born. Baseball player .
• 1965 - Brian Bosworth was born. American football player
• 1966 - Michael Patrick MacDonald was born. American memorist.
• 1966 - Tony Lockett was born. Australian Rules Footballer.
• 1966 - Ronnie Kray murders George Cornell in the Blind Beggar pub.
• 1967 - Josef Stalin's daughter Svetlana Alliluyeva defects to the United States.
• 1968 - Johnny Kelly was born. American drummer (Type O Negative)
• 1968 - Youri Djorkaeff was born. French footballer
• 1969 - Mahmoud Abdul-Rauf was born. American basketball player
• 1969 - Stefie Shock was born. Quebec singer and songwriter
• 1970 - Shannon Leto was born. American drummer and occasional actor
• 1970 - Matias de Lima dies (b. 1885). Portuguese poet.
• 1971 - Emmanuel Lewis was born. American actor
• 1971 - C Miller was born. American rapper
• 1971 - Diego Torres was born. Argentine singer
• 1971 - Pope Cyril VI of Alexandria dies (b. 1902). Coptic Orthodox Patriarch.
• 1972 - Spencer Howson was born. Australian radio broadcaster
• 1972 - Kerr Smith was born. American soap opera actor .
• 1973 - Aaron Boone was born. Major League Baseball All-Star.
• 1974 - Earl Wilbur Sutherland Jr. dies (b. 1915). American physiologist, Nobel Prize laureate.
• 1975 - Construction of the Trans-Alaska Pipeline System begins.
• 1975 - Roy Makaay was born. Dutch footballer.
• 1975 - Juan Sebastián Verón was born. Argentine footballer (soccer player)
• 1975 - Gleb W. Derujinsky dies (b. 1888). Russian-American sculptor.
• 1976 - Forty-two people die in a Cavalese cable-car disaster, the worst cable-car accident to date.
• 1976 - Thor Halvorssen was born. Human rights activist
• 1976 - Ben Mulroney was born. Canadian television host
• 1977 - Approximately a dozen armed Hanafi Muslims take over three buildings in Washington, DC, killing one person and taking more than 130 hostages. The hostage situation ends two days later.
• 1977 - Radek Dvořák was born. Czech hockey player.
• 1977 - Yamila Diaz was born. Argentine supermodel.
• 1978 - Lucas Neill was born. Australian footballer
• 1979 - Melina Perez was born. WWE Diva
• 1979 - Herculano Pires dies (b. 1914). Brazilian spirit writer.
• 1980 - Chingy was born. American rapper
• 1981 - Antonio Bryant was born. American football wide receiver .
• 1981 - Max Delbrück dies (b. 1906). German biologist, Nobel Prize laureate in 1969.
• 1982 - Paul Ballard was born. English television presenter
• 1983 - Clint Dempsey was born. American football (soccer) player
• 1983 - Maite Perroni was born. Mexican singer in the Latin Pop group RBD
• 1983 - Faye Emerson dies (b. 1917). American actress.
• 1983 - Ulf von Euler dies (b. 1905). Swedish physiologist, Nobel Prize laureate.
• 1984 - The Competitive Enterprise Institute in founded in Washington, D.C.
• 1984 - Julia Mancuso was born. American Olympic gold medalist
• 1986 - United States Navy divers find the largely intact but heavily-damaged crew compartment of the Space Shuttle Challenger. The bodies of all seven astronauts were still inside.
• 1986 - Mario Soares sworns as President of Portuguese Republic. / Mario Soares assume a Presidencia da República em Portugal.
• 1986 - Brittany Snow was born. American actress.
• 1987 - Rock band U2 release the classic album The Joshua Tree.
• 1987 - Bow Wow was born. American raper and actor .
• 1989 - Robert Mapplethorpe dies (b. 1946). American artist.
• 1989 - A strike forces financially-troubled Eastern Airlines into bankruptcy.
• 1990 - Dr. Antonia Novello is sworn in as Surgeon General of the United States, becoming the first female and Hispanic American to serve in that position.
• 1990 - Newfoundland and Labrador Premier Clyde Wells confirms he will rescind Newfoundland's approval of the Meech Lake Accord, effectively killing the Accord.
• 1991 - Massive demonstrations are held against Slobodan Milosevic in Belgrade. Two people are killed and tanks are in the streets.
• 1991 - Mario Soares toma posse como presidente da República de Portugal no seu segundo mandato.
• 1992 - Menachem Begin dies (b. 1913). Prime Minister of Israel, recipient of the Nobel Peace Prize
• 1993 - Rodney King testifies at the federal trial of four Los Angeles, California police officers accused of violating King's civil rights when they beat him during an arrest.
• 1993 - C. Northcote Parkinson dies (b. 1909). British historian and writer.
• 1993 - Bob Crosby dies (b. 1913). American bandleader and vocalist.
• 1994 - Charles Bukowski dies (b. 1920). American writer.
• 1994 - Fernando Rey dies (b. 1917). Spanish-born actor.
• 1994 - Eddie Creatchman dies (b. 1928). Canadian wrestler manager.
• 1995 - Kappa Phi Lambda is founded at Binghamton University.
• 1996 - George Burns dies (b. 1896). American actor and singer.
• 1996 - Jorge Sampaio assumes the place of President of Portugal / O socialista Jorge Sampaio assume a Presidencia da República Portuguesa.
• 1997 - The Notorious B.I.G. [Christopher Wallace] dies shot in Los Angeles (b. 1972). Rap musician.
• 1997 - Terry Nation dies. Writer (Dr Who, Blake 7).
• 1999 - Harry Somers dies (b. 1925). Canadian composer.
• 2000 - Ivo Robic dies (b. 1923). Croatian singer and songwriter.
• 2003 - Stan Brakhage dies (b. 1933). American filmmaker.
• 2003 - Bernard Dowiyogo dies (b. 1946). Former president of Nauru
• 2004 - John Allen Mohammed is sentenced to death for his part in the Beltway sniper attacks of October 2002. Lee Boyd Malvo is sentenced to life in prison.
• 2004 - A terrorist attack on a restaurant in Istanbul kills one and injures 5.
• 2004 - The US federal building and courthouse in Harrisburg, Pennsylvania, was renamed the Ronald Reagan Federal Building and Courthouse.
• 2004 - Albert Mol dies (b. 1917). Dutch actor.
• 2004 - Alf Bicknell dies (b. 1928). British chauffeur.
• 2004 - Décio Freitas dies (b. 1922). Brazilian historian and journalist.
• 2004 - Dr. Gerald Deskin, Ph.D. dies (b. 1929). Clinical child psychologist.
• 2004 - Robert Pastorelli dies (b. 1954). American actor.
• 2005 - Dan Rather presents his final broadcast of the CBS Evening News.
• 2005 - Chris LeDoux dies (b. 1948). American Country singer.
• 2005 - István Nyers dies (b. 1924). Hungarian footballer.
• 2005 - Jeanette Schmid dies (b. 1924). Austrian professional whistler; aka Baroness Lips von Lipstrill.
• 2005 - Kurt Lotz dies (b. 1912). German business executive, second postwar CEO of Volkswagen
• 2006 - Liquid Water discovered on Enceladus, the sixth largest moon of Saturn.
• 2006 - Cavaco Silva sworns as President of Portuguese Republic suceeding Jorge Sampaio.
• 2006 - John Profumo dies (b. 1915). British cabinet minister.
• 2006 - Geir Ivarsøy dies (b. 1957). Norwegian programmer, co-founder of Opera Software ASA .
• 2007 - The US Justice Department releases an internal audit that found that the FBI had acted illegally in its use of the USA Patriot Act, to secretly obtain personal information about US citizens.
• 2007 - Brad Delp dies (b. 1951). American singer (Boston).
• 2007 - Glen Harmon dies (b. 1921). Canadian ice hockey player.
• 2007 - Jeanne Hopkins Lucas dies. North Carolina politician.
• Belize - Baron Bliss Day.
• Catholicism Feast day of Saint Gregory of Nyssa; Saint Frances of Rome; Forty Martyrs of Sebaste