43 BC -
Cicero dies (b. 106 BC). Roman politician and author.
0521 -
Saint Columba was born (d. 0597). Irish Christian missionary to Scotland.
1493 - Columbus left the ruined settlement of La Navidad and sailed east for a month till he reached the site that became La Isabela in the Dominican Republic.
- 1545 - Henry Stuart, Lord Darnley was born (d. 1567). Consort of Mary I of Scotland.
1598 -
Giovanni "Gian" Lorenzo Bernini was born (d. 28 Nov 1680). Italian sculptor, painter, architect, was born. He was the greatest sculptor of the 17th century and worked under the patronage of Pope Urban VII. His work included the “Ecstasy of St. Teresa,” “David” and “Daphne and Apollo.”
1670 -
John Aislabie was born (d. 1742). English director of the South Sea Company.
1724 -
Tumult of Thorn - religious unrest followed by the execution of nine Protestant citizens and the mayor of
Thorn (Toruń) by Polish authorities.
1741 - Elisabeth Petrovna became tsarina of Russia.
1761 -
Marie Tussaud was born (d. 1850). Museum proprietress and waxwork modeler.
1793 -
Joseph Bara dies (b. 1780). French Revolution child-hero.
1796 - Electors chose John Adams to be the second president of the United States.
1801 -
Johann Nestroy was born (d. 1862). Austrian dramatist and actor.
1808 - James Madison was elected president in succession to Thomas Jefferson.
1810 -
Josef Hyrtl was born (d. 1894). Austrian anatomist.
1823 -
Leopold Kronecker was born (d. 1891). German mathematician (Tensor of Kronecker).
1835 - German railway Nurnberg-Furth opened.
1836 - Martin Van Buren (d.1862) was elected the eighth president of the United States and served one term. He was known as the “Little Magician” and the “Red Fox of Kinderhook.”
1862 - Confederate forces surprise Union troops at the Battle of Prairie Grove, Arkansas.
1862 -
Paul Adam was born (d. 1920). French novelist.
1863 -
Pietro Mascagni was born (d. 1945). Italian composer
(Cavalleria Rusticana).1863 -
Richard Sears was born (d. 1914). American department store founder.
1873 - America’s first international football (soccer) game was played in New Haven, CT. Yale defeated Eton (England) 2-1.
1873 -
Willa Cather was born (d.1947). American author famous for “O Pioneers” and “My Antonia,” was born.
"I like trees because they seem more resigned to the way they have to live than other things do."
1883 - Ladies’ Home Journal was published for the first time. It became one of the few magazines to reach a circulation of over one million. Paid circulation is currently over 4,000,000.
1887 -
Ernst Toch was born (d. 1964). Austrian composer and pianist.
1888 -
Joyce Cary was born (d. 1957). Irish novelist (The Horse's Mouth). "It is the tragedy of the world that no one knows what he doesn't know - and the less a man knows, the more sure he is that he knows everything."
1889 - Pedro II ex-Emperor of Brazil arrives to Lisbon after he have been deposed with the Republic Proclamation.
1889 -
Gabriel Marcel was born in Paris (d. 1973). French writer and philosopher.
1889 - Gilbert and Sullivan’s "Gondoliers," premiered in London.
1894 -
Stuart Davis was born in Philadelphia. American painter.
1895 - Sir Milton Margay was born. First Prime Minister of Sierra Leone.
1902 - The 8¢ Martha Washington stamp was issued this day. The stamp was the first U.S. definitive or commemorative stamp to feature a woman.
1907 -
Fred Rose was born (d. 1983). Canadian communist politician.
1909 - Dr. Leo H. Baekeland patented Bakelite, the 1st completely synthetic plastic thermosetting plastic.
1910 -
Louis Prima was born (d. 1978). American musician.
1916 - The British government of David Lloyd George formed.
1916 -
Jean Carignan was born (d. 1988). French Canadian fiddler.
1917 - U.S. declared war on
Austria-Hungary in World War I, with only one dissenting vote in Congress and became the 13th country to do so.
1917 -
Léon Minkus dies (b. 23 Mar 1826). German/Czech Composer and violinist.
1918 - Zora Seljan was born in Ouro Preto (d. 25 Apr. 2006). Brazilian writer (wife of the Brazilian cronist Ruben Braga).
1922 -
Howard Zinn was born. American historian and activist.
1924 -
Mário Soares was born. Portuguese politician (Socialist Party), premier of Portugal (1976-78, 1983-1985) and President (1986-1996).
1924 -
Bent Fabric was born. Danish pop pianist and composer.
1925 - Swimmer Johnny Weissmuller set a world record in the 150-yard freestyle with a time of 1 minute, 25 and 2/5 seconds - in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. Johnny went on to fame swinging from vines as ‘King of the Jungle’, Tarzan, in movies.
1926 - Victor Kermit Kiam II CEO (Remington shavers), NFL owner (Patriots), was born.
1926 - A gas refrigerator was patented.
1926 - The military right-wing opposition executed a coup d’etat in Lithuania and a dictatorship was established under Antanas Smetona, who remained president until the country was annexed by the USSR in 1940.
1928 -
Noam Chomsky was born. American linguist and political writer.
1930 -
Hal Smith was born. American baseball player.
1931 - A report indicated that Nazis would ensure "Nordic dominance" by sterilizing certain races.
1933 - President Roosevelt adopted a “good neighbor” policy toward Latin America and announced a policy of nonintervention in Latin American affairs at the December 7th International American Conference at Montevideo, Uruguay.
1934 - Wiley Post discovered the jet stream.
1937 - Russian chess player Aljechin recaptures world title from Max Euwe.
1939 -
Lou Gehrig, baseball player is elected to Baseball's Hall of Fame.
1941 - At 7:50 a.m. Japan launched an aerial
attack on Pearl Harbor, the home base of the U.S. Pacific fleet, and forced US entry into the war. Relations between Japan and the United States had been strained for a decade as both nations sought to dominate the Pacific. Long aware that a Japanese surprise attack on the naval base at Pearl Harbor could precede war, U.S. authorities were still woefully unprepared when 363 Japanese fighters, dive-bombers and torpedo planes sunk or damaged eight battleships and three light cruisers, destroyed 188 planes and killed 2,400 men in just over two hours. The next day, President Franklin D. Roosevelt denounced December 7, 1941, as a "date which will live in infamy" as he asked Congress to declare war on Japan.
1941 - At 2:20 p.m. the "Final Memorandum" document was delivered to Sec. of State Cordell Hull in Washington DC. In it Japan notified the US that it was "impossible to reach an agreement through further negotiations."
1941 - Australian bombers landed on Timor and Ambon.
1941 - The 1st Japanese submarine was sunk by a US ship, the USS Ward.
1942 -
Harry Chapin was born (d. 1981). American musician, rock vocalist (Taxi, Cat's in the Cradle).
1942 - The U.S. Navy launched the USS New Jersey, the largest battleship ever built.
1943 -
Per Imerslund dies (b. 1912), "The Aryan idol". Norwegian socialist.
1945 - The microwave oven was patented. Percy Spencer accidentally discovered that microwaves would also heat food. Spencer, an eighth-grade dropout and electronic wizard, worked for the Raytheon Manufacturing Corporation of Massachusetts developing a radar machine using microwave radiation.
1946 - The president of the United Mine Workers, John L. Lewis, ordered all striking miners back to work.
1946 - America’s worst hotel fire broke out at the
Winecoff Hotel in Atlanta, killing 119 people, including hotel founder W. Frank Winecoff.
1947 -
Garry Unger was born. Canadian ice hockey player.
1947 -
Tony Thomas was born. American TV and film producer.
1947 – Wilton Gregory was born. American Archbishop of Atlanta.
1947 – Sir Ellison Pogo was born. Solomon Islander Archbishop of Melanesia.
1948 - Yoko Morishita was born. Prima ballerina (Baterina No Habataki).
1949 -
Tom Waits was born in California. American rock singer (
Shiver Me Timbers, Diamonds on My Windshield, Small Change, The Piano Has Been Drinking, Tom Traubert’s Blues, Burma Shave, Potter’s Field, Jersey Girl, LP: Foreign Affairs, Swordfishtrombone), songwriter (
I Never Talk to Strangers), actor
( Short Cuts, Paradise Alley, Bram Stoker’s Dracula, Ironweed, The Cotton Club) and playwright [w/wife, Kathleen Brennan] (
Frank’s Wild Years). 1949 - The A.F.L. and the C.I.O. organized a non-Communist international trade union.
1953 - Audrey Hepburn was featured on the cover of Life Magazine.
1953 - Israel's PM Ben-Gurion retired.
1956 -
Larry Bird was born. American basketball player for the Boston Celtics. Rookie of the Year [1979-80]; NBA MVP [1984, 1985, 1986], AP Male Athlete of the Year [1986], Sports Illustrated Sportsman of the Year [1986].
1957 -
Tom Winsor was born. British lawyer and economic regulator.
1958 -
Rick Rude was born (d. 1996). American professional wrestler.
1960 - Ivory Coast claims independence from France.
1962 - Great Britain performed a nuclear test at the Nevada Test Site.
1966 - A fire at an army barracks in
Erzurum,
Turkey kills 68 people.
1968 - The first orbiting astronomical observatory, OAO-2, was launched.
1970 - The first ever general election on the basis of direct adult franchise are held in
Pakistan for 313 National Assembly seats.
1970 - Poland and West Germany signed a pact renouncing use of force to settle disputes, recognizing the Oder-Neisse River as Poland's western frontier, and acknowledging transfer to Poland of 40,000 square miles of former German territory.
1970 -
Rube Goldberg dies (b. 1883). American cartoonist (Mike & Ike, Pulitzer 1948).
1971 -
Chasey Lain was born. American pornographic actress.
- 1972 - In Northern Ireland Jean McConville was abducted from her home in Belfast and was never seen alive again. In 1999 the IRA admitted responsibility and revealed the location of her body.
1972 - Imelda Marcos, wife of Philippine President Ferdinand E. Marcos, was stabbed and seriously wounded by an assailant who was then shot dead by her bodyguards.
1973 -
Fabien Pelous was born. French international rugby player.
1974 - Portugal : UDP — União Democrática Popular is founded.
- 1975 - Indonesia invaded East Timor, nine days after the Timorese political party Fretilin claimed independence leading to a 25-year occupation. Some 600,000 were left dead after this prolonged war.
- 1975 - Jamie Clapham was born. English footballer.
- 1977 - Peter Carl Goldmark dies (b. 1906). Hungarian-born American engineer.
1978 -
Shiri Appleby was born. American actress (
Roswell, ER, Blood Vows: The Story of a Mafia Wife, I Love You to Death, The Thirteenth Floor, A Time for Dancing).
1978 -
Frankie J was born. Mexican-born American singer.
1980 - Portugal : Ramalho Eanes is reelected President of Republic.
1980 -
John Terry was born. English football player.
1980 -
Darby Crash dies (b. 1958). American punk-rock lengend.
1981 - Spain became a member of NATO.
1982 - Convicted murderer
Charles Brooks, Jr. became the first U.S. prisoner to be executed by injection, at a prison in Huntsville, Texas. Brooks, convicted of murdering an auto mechanic, received an intravenous injection of sodium pentathol.
1983 - Edgar Graham, member of the Northern Ireland Assembly, was shot dead by IRA.
1983 - In Madrid, Spain, an
Aviaco DC-9 collided on a runway with an
Iberia Airlines'
Boeing 727 that was accelerating for takeoff, killing all 42 people aboard the DC-9 and 51 aboard the Iberia jet.
1983 -
Fanny Cano dies (b. 1944). Mexican actress.
1984 - Michael Jackson was in Chicago to testify that the song, The Girl is Mine, was exclusively his and he didn’t swipe the song, Please Love Me Now. It was a copyright infringement case worth five million dollars. He won.
1984 -
Aaron Gray was born. American basketball player.
1986 - President Jean-Claude Duvalier fled Haiti.
1987 - Brasilia is announced to be World Cultural Heritage by UNESCO.
1987 - Soviet leader Mikhail S. Gorbachev set foot on American soil for the first time, arriving for a Washington summit with President Reagan.
1987 - Forty-three people were killed in the crash of a Pacific Southwest Airlines -
PSA Flight 1771- near Paso Robles, California, killing all 43 on board, after a disgruntled passenger shoots his ex-boss on the flight, then shoots both pilots and himself. jetliner in California after a gunman apparently opened fire on a fellow passenger and the two pilots.
- 1989 - East Germany's Communist Party agreed to cooperate with the opposition in paving the way for free elections and a revised constitution.
1990 - As President Bush arrived in Venezuela on the last stop of his South American tour, his chief spokesman, Marlin Fitzwater, warned Iraq that there was “no lessening in the threat of war,” despite Iraq’s promise to release its hostages.
1990 -
Jean Duceppe dies (b. 1923). Quebec stage, television and film actor.
1990 - Reinaldo Arenas dies (b. 16 Jul 1943). Cuban writer and poet.
1991 - Fifty years after Japan's sneak attack on Pearl Harbor, a visibly moved President Bush led the nation in services commemorating the anniversary.
1992 - The Supreme Court rejected a challenge to a Mississippi abortion law that required women to get counseling and then wait 24 hours before terminating their pregnancies.
1993 - Energy Secretary Hazel O'Leary revealed that the government had conducted more than 200 nuclear weapons tests in secret.
1993 - An multiracial conseill assumes the Government of South Africa.
1993 - A gunman opened fire on a Long Island Rail Road commuter train, killing six people and wounding 17.
1994 - PLO chairman Yasser Arafat, meeting with U.S. Secretary of State Warren Christopher in Gaza City, pledged to protect Israelis from militant extremists.
1995 - Bill Gates announced Microsoft’s Internet counterattack [on Netscape and the browser market].
1995 - US paratrooper James N. Burmeister (21) shot and killed Jackie Burden and Michael James. He was convicted on Feb 27, 1997 of 1st degree murder and conspiracy in the hate crime and faced the death penalty. The jury deadlocked 11 to 1 in favor of death so the judge sentenced him to 2 consecutive life terms in prison. He will have to serve at least 50 years before becoming eligible for parole. Malcolm Wright, a fellow soldier, was also charged in the murders and convicted on May 2, 1997.
1995 - 5000 Serbs protested in Serajevo against the US brokered peace accord. They were opposed to control by the Bosnian-Croat federation.
1996 - The space shuttle Columbia landed at the Kennedy Space Center, ending a nearly 18-day mission marred by a jammed hatch that prevented two planned spacewalks.
1996 - Toni Braxton’s Unbreak My Heart was #1 on the Billboard Hot 100. The hit, from her Secrets album, stayed at number one half-way thru Feb 1997.
1997 - Republicans threatened Attorney General Janet Reno with contempt of Congress over her decision to forgo an independent counsel's investigation of White House campaign fund raising.
1997 - Singer Bob Dylan, actor Charlton Heston, actress Lauren Bacall, opera singer Jessye Norman and ballet master Edward Villella shared the 20th annual Kennedy Center Honors in Washington D.C..
1997 - A new Presidential Decision Directive was reported to replace on put into place by Pres. Reagan in 1981. It reset the guidelines for the use of nuclear weapons. Nuclear weapons would still be maintained as a deterrent.
1997 - It was reported that some 19 sperm whales washed up along the Danish and German North Sea coasts over the last several weeks.
1997 - It was reported that the world’s tiger population was down to 6000, from 100,000 a century ago. 5 of 8 subspecies are left: Indian (Bengal), Sumatran, Chinese, Indo-Chinese and Amur (Siberian).
1997 - In Serbia elections failed to elect a president with a 50% majority. Milan Milutinovic, an ally of Slobodan Milosevic received 42% and Vojislav Seselj, a former paramilitary leader, had 33%. Vuk Draskovic received 16% and threatened to call a boycott in a Dec 21 runoff.
1998 - Pres. Clinton announced the removal of Iran from the list of drug problem countries due to an energetic campaign to eliminate opium poppies.
1998 - On the eve of historic hearings, House Judiciary Committee Chairman Henry Hyde said there was a "compelling case" for impeaching President Clinton. Attorney General Janet Reno declined to seek an independent counsel investigation of President Clinton over 1996 campaign financing.
1998 - South Carolina ended its participation in the antitrust case against Microsoft.
1998 - The UN agreed to give Cambodia’s UN seat to the new government.
1998 - In Chechnya a rescue attempt was made to free 4 men kidnapped Oct 3. The action led to the murder of the 4 men whose severed heads were found the next day.
1998 - On the secessionist Comoros island of Anjouan separatist militias broke a short cease fire and some 10 people were reported killed.
1998 - Congolese rebels dismissed the tentative truce worked out in Paris by UN Secretary General Kofi Annan.
1998 - In Russia Pres. Yeltsin left the hospital, fired several aides and returned to the hospital to recover from pneumonia.
1999 - In Germany Chancellor Gerhard Schroeder won re-election as leader of the Social Democrats.
1999 - In Holland a student (17) in Veghel shot and wounded a teacher and 4 fellow students in the 1st school shooting in Dutch history. The student was reported to have been upset over a romance. The student's father (35) and sister (15) were arrested 2 days later as accessories.
2000 - Al Gore's lawyer, David Boies, pleaded with the Florida Supreme Court to order vote recounts and revive his presidential campaign. Republican attorneys called George W. Bush the certified, rightful victor.
2000 - Some 4,000 protestors clashed with police at the opening of the EU summit in Nice.
2000 - In Ghana presidential elections were held. Representatives for the 200-seat parliament were also chosen. Opposition candidate John Agyekum Kuffuor led Vice Pres. John Atta Mills 48-44% in the 1st round of elections. A runoff vote was planned within 3 weeks.
2000 - In India indigenous rebels massacred 30 Hindi-speaking people in Assam state.2000 In Indonesia a separatist mob attacked a police station in Jayapura, Irian Jaya, and 2 officers were killed.
2000 - In the Philippines the Senate began the impeachment trial of Pres. Estrada.
2001 - The US called to cut off discussions about enforcing a 1972 Biological Weapons Convention on the final day of a 3-week conference in Geneva. The conference sought binding measures and disbanded in chaos.
2001 - In New Jersey nearly 230 teachers were ordered freed from jail after their union agreed to end the 9-day strike and go into mediation.
2001 -
John P. Walters is sworn in as the Director of the White House Office of National Drug Control Policy (ONDCP).
2001 - In Afghanistan Taliban soldiers fled Kandahar and left the city in chaos. Day 62: Assaults continued around Tora Bora where up to 2,000 bin Laden loyalists were positioned at a mountain redoubt.
2001 - Statistics Canada reported a jobless increase to 7.5%, the highest level since mid-1999.
2001 - Israeli helicopters fired missiles at a Palestinian security compound in Gaza and into the Arafat Police City. Arafat said his forces had arrested 17 of 33 militants wanted by Israel.
2001 - In Sri Lanka Pres. Kumaratunga called on Ranil Wickremesinghe, head of the United National Party, to form a government. The UNP promised to pursue peace talks with Tamil rebels.
- 2003 - The Conservative Party of Canada is officially recognized after the merger of the Canadian Alliance and Progressive Conservative Party of Canada.
2003 -
Raúl Vale dies (b. 1944). Venezuelan entertainer.
2004 -
Jay Van Andel dies (b. 1924). Co-founder and former chairman of Amway.
2005 -
Bud Carson dies (b. 1931). American football player and coach.
2005 -
Lucy d'Abreu dies (b. 1892). She was the oldest living person in the United Kingdom from April 2004 until her death.
2006 -
Jay McShann dies (b. ca. 1910). American musician.
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