On this day in History - Nov. 23

• 0800 - Charlemagne arrives at Rome to examine the alleged crimes of Pope Leo III.
• 0912 - Otto I the Great was born (d. 0973). Holy Roman Emperor.
• 0947 - Berthold, Duke of Bavaria dies.
• 0955 - Edred dies (b.c. 0923). King of England.
• 1221 - King Alfonso X of Castile was born (d. 1284)
• 1227 - Polish Prince Leszek I the White is assassinated at an assembly of Piast dukes at Gąsawa.
• 1248 - Conquest of Seville by the Christian troops under King Ferdinand III of Castile.
• 1402 - Jean de Dunois was born (d. 1468). French soldier.
• 1407 - Louis of Valois, Duke of Orléans dies (b. 1372) murdered by agents of John the Fearless, duke of Burgundy, during a power struggle over control of the French king Charles VI of France, his brother.
• 1417 - William FitzAlan, 16th Earl of Arundel was born (d. 1487). English politician.
• 1457 - King Ladislaus Posthumus of Bohemia and Hungary dies (b. 1440)
• 1499 - Pretender to the throne Perkin Warbeck is hanged for reportedly attempting to escape from the Tower of London. He had invaded England in 1497, claiming to be the lost son of King Edward IV of England.
• 1499 - Perkin Warbeck dies (b. 1474). Flemish imposter.
• 1503 - Margaret of York dies (b. 1446). Wife of Charles I, Duke of Burgundy
• 1531 - The Second war of Kappel results in the dissolution of the Protestant alliance in Switzerland.
• 1553 - Prospero Alpini was born (d. 1617). Italian physician and botanist.
• 1572 - Agnolo di Cosimo (Il Bronzino) dies (b. 1503). Italian artist whose portraits are prime examples of the Mannerist style and whose works are classic embodiments of the courtly ideal under the Medici dukes of the mid-16th century.
• 1585 - Thomas Tallis dies (b. 1505). English organist and composer. He's known as "the father of English cathedral music".
• 1608 - D. Francisco Manuel de Melo was born in Lisbon (d. 1666). Portuguese writer, historian and militar.
• 1616 - John Wallis was born (d. 1703). English mathematician.
• 1616 - Richard Hakluyt dies (b. 1552). English writer
• 1632 - Jean Mabillon was born (d. 1707). French palaeographer and diplomat.
• 1641 - Anthonie Heinsius was born (d. 1720). Dutch statesman.
• 1644 - Areopagitica by John Milton is published.
• 1654 -French mathematician, scientist, and religious philosopher Blaise Pascal experiences an intense mystical vision that marks him for life.
• 1682 - Claude Lorrain dies (b. 1604). French painter.
• 1705 - Thomas Birch was born (d.1766). English historian
• 1715 - Pierre Charles Le Monnier was born (d. 1799). French astronomer.
• 1719 - Spranger Barry was born (d. 1777). Irish actor.
• 1749 - Edward Rutledge was born (d. 1800). U.S. statesman.
• 1760 - François-Noël Babeuf was born (d. 1797). French revolutionary.
• 1763 - Friedrich Graf von Seckendorf dies (b. 1673). German soldier.
• 1765 - The British Stamp Act received its first repudiation from jurists in the Frederick County Court House in Frederick, Maryland.
• 1769 - Constantine Mavrocordatos dies (b. 1711). Prince of Wallachia and Prince of Moldavia.
• 1775 - Portugal: Em Lisboa, abertura do mercado da Praça da Figueira.
• 1783 - Yoriyuki Arima dies (b. 1714). Japanese mathematician.
• 1785 - Jan Roothaan was born (d. 1853). Dutch priest.
• 1803 - Roger Newdigate dies (b. 1719). British politician.
• 1804 - Franklin Pierce was born (d. 1869). 14th President of the United States.
• 1804 - Richard Graves dies (b. 1715). British writer.
• 1807 - Jean-François Rewbell dies (b. 1747). French politician.
• 1814 - Elbridge Gerry dies (b. 1744). Vice President of the United States of America
• 1820 - Isaac Todhunter was born (d. 1884). British mathematician.
• 1831 - José María Ramón Obando y del Campo assumes the presidency of Colombia
• 1833 - Jean-Baptiste Jourdan dies (b. 1762). French marshal.
• 1835 - Henry Burden of Troy, New York, patented a machine to make horseshoes.
• 1837 - Johannes Diderik van der Waals was born (d. 1923). Dutch physicist. Nobel Prize in Physics laureate in 1910
• 1844 - Independence of the Duke of Schleswig-Holstein from Denmark.
• 1855 - In Mexico, the Ley Juárez abolished special courts for the clergy and military in an attempt by justice minister Benito Juárez to eliminate the remnants of colonialism in Mexico and promote equality.
• 1859 - Billy the Kid (William H. Bonney) was born in New York City (d. 1881). American outlaw and gunfighter.
• 1860 - Hjalmar Branting was born (d. 1925). Prime Minister of Sweden, and Nobel Prize laureate.
• 1861 - Konstantin Korovin was born (d. 1939). Russian painter.
• 1863 - American Civil War: Battle of Chattanooga begins - Union forces led by General Ulysses S. Grant reinforce troops at Chattanooga, Tennessee and counter-attack Confederate troops.
• 1864 - Henry Bourne Joy was born (d. 1936). American automobile executive.
• 1867 - The Manchester Martyrs were hanged in Manchester, England for rescuing two Irish men from jail.
• 1869 - In Dumbarton, Scotland, the clipper Cutty Sark is launched - one of the last clippers ever to be built, and the only one still surviving to this day.
• 1869 - Valdemar Poulsen was born (d. 1942). Danish engineer.
• 1875 - Anatoly Lunacharsky was born (d. 1933). Russian literary critic and politician.
• 1876 - Manuel de Falla was born (d. 1946). Spanish composer.
• 1876 - Corrupt Tammany Hall leader William Marcy Tweed (better known as Boss Tweed) is delivered to authorities in New York City after being captured in Spain.
• 1883 - José Clemente Orozco was born- Mexican painter considered the most important 20th-century muralist to work in fresco.
• 1883 - José María Plácido Caamaño assumes the presidency of Ecuador
• 1887 - Eduardo Corrochio was born (d. 1943). Spanish-born dancer.
• 1887 - Boris Karloff was born (d. 1969). British actor (Frankenstein -1931).
• 1887 - Henry Moseley was born (d. 1915). English physicist.
• 1888 - Harpo Marx was born (d. 1964). American comedian.
• 1889 - The first jukebox goes into operation at the Palais Royale Saloon in San Francisco.
• 1890 - El Lissitzky was born (d. 1941). Russian artist and architect.
• 1890 - King William III of the Netherlands (b. 1817) dies without a male heir and a special law is passed to allow his daughter Princess Wilhelmina to become Queen.
• 1890 - King William III of the Netherlands dies (b. 1817).
• 1891 - Brazil: Primeira Revolta da Armada, no Rio de Janeiro. O almirante Custódio de Melo, lidera um movimento militar que ameaçava bombardear a capital da recém proclamada república, em reação a atitude anticonstitucional do presidente marechal Deodoro da Fonseca, que foi levado a renunciar;
• 1891 - Floriano Peixoto toma lugar como 2º Presidente da República do Brasil, devido a renúncia do marechal Deodoro da Fonseca;
• 1892 - Erté was born (d. 1990). French artist.
• 1895 - The first ever Backyard Brawl rivalry match-up between Pitt Panthers and West Virginia Mountaineers takes place.
• 1897 - Nirad C. Chaudhuri was born (d. 1999). Indian writer.
• 1897 - Karl Gebhardt was born (d. 1948). Nazi doctor.
• 1902 - Victor Jory was born (d. 1982). Canadian actor.
• 1902 - Walter Reed dies (b. 1851). American bacteriologist.
• 1903 - Colorado Governor James Peabody sends the state militia into the town of Cripple Creek to break up a miners' strike.
• 1903 - Opera tenor Enrico Caruso makes his American debut in New York City with the Metropolitan Opera in Rigoletto.
• 1904 - 3rd Olympic games close in St Louis
• 1907 - Lars Leksell was born (d. 1986). Swedish physician.
• 1908 - Nelson S. Bond was born. American Science Fiction Writer.
• 1909 - Nigel Tranter was born (d. 2000). British historian and writer.
• 1910 - Dr Crippen was hanged at Pentonville Prison, London, UK, for the murder of his wife Cora.
• 1912 - George O'Hanlon was born (d. 1989). American actor.
• 1914 - The US Army retreats from Mexico.
• 1914 - Roger Avon was born (d. 1998). Durham actor.
• 1914 - Michael Gough was born. English actor.
• 1915 - John Dehner was born (d. 1992). American actor.
• 1916 - Julio César Méndez Montenegro was born. President of Guatemala (1966-1970)
• 1919 - Claudio Santoro was born (d. 1989). Brazilian erudit composer.
• 1920 - Paul Celan was born (d. 1970). Romanian-born German poet.
• 1920 - Wayne Thiebaud was born. American painter.
• 1921 - Fred Buscaglione was born. Italian singer and actor.
• 1922 - Manuel Fraga Iribarne was born. President of Spanish Galicia.
• 1923 - R.L. Burnside was born (d. 2005). American musician.
• 1923 - Billy Haughton was born (d. 1986). American harness driver and trainer.
• 1923 - Daniel Brewster was born (d. 2007). American democrat.
• 1923 - Urmuz dies (b. 1883). Romanian writer.
• 1924 - Colin Macmillan Turnbull was born. British-born anthropologist
• 1924 - Paula Raymond was born (d. 2003). American actress.
• 1925 - Johnny Mandel was born. American songwriter
• 1925 - José Napoleón Duarte was born (d. 1990). President of El Salvador
• 1925 - Miguel Barbosa (Miguel Artur de Morais e Macedo Alves Barbosa) was born in Lisbon. Portuguese ficcionista, dramatist, painter and poet.
• 1926 - Sathya Sai Baba was born. Indian "God-man", widely believed to be Avatar of the age.
• 1927 - Guy Davenport was born. American author, artist, and scholar.
• 1929 - Hal Lindsey was born. American evangelist and Christian writer
• 1929 - George Clemenceau dies. French statesman.
• 1930 - Herberto Hélder was born in Funchal. Portuguese writer.
• 1930 - Jack McKeon was born. American baseball manager.
• 1931 - Dervla Murphy was born. Irish traveller and author.
• 1931 - Gloria Lynne was born. American singer
• 1933 - Krzysztof Penderecki was born. Polish composer
• 1933 - Joãozinho Trinta was born in São Luís-MA. Brazilian carnival animator (Samba)
• 1934 - An Anglo-Ethiopian boundary commission in the Ogaden discovers an Italian garrison at Walwal, which lay well within Ethiopian territory. This leads to the Abyssinia Crisis.
• 1934 - Robert Towne was born. American writer, director, producer, and actor
• 1934 - Lew Hoad was born (d. 1994). Australian tennis player.
• 1934 - Giovanni Brunero dies (b. 1895). Italian cyclist.
• 1935 - Vladislav Volkov was born. Soviet cosmonaut
• 1936 - The first edition of Life is published.
• 1936 - Robert Barnard was born. British mystery writer
• 1937 - Jagdish Chandra Bose dies (b. 1858). Indian physicist.
• 1937 - George Albert Boulenger dies (b. 1858). Belgian naturalist.
• 1938 - Esko Nikkari was born. Finnish actor
• 1939 - Betty Everett was born (d. 2001). American singer.
• 1940 - Luis Tiant was born. Cuban baseball player.
• 1941 - Linda Margaret Lenhardt, noted Minnesota writer, born in Dickinson, North Dakota.
• 1941 - P. C. Wren dies. British writer.
• 1941 - Franco Nero was born. Italian actor.
• 1942 - Susan Anspach was born. American actress.
• 1943 - World War II: The Deutsche Opernhaus on Bismarckstraße in the Berlin neighborhood of Charlottenburg is destroyed. It will eventually be rebuilt in 1961 and be called the Deutsche Oper Berlin.
• 1943 - World War II: Tarawa and Makin atolls fall to American forces.
• 1943 - Andrew Goodman was born (d. 1964). American civil rights activist.
• 1943 - Sue Nicholls was born (The Honourable Susan Frances Harmer Nicholls). British actress.
• 1944 - Joe Eszterhas was born. Hungarian-born film producer and writer
• 1944 - James Toback was born. American writer and director
• 1945 - Steve Landesberg was born. American actor.
• 1945 - Dennis Nilsen was born. Scottish serial killer.
• 1945 - Keith Hampshire was born. English singer-songwriter.
• 1946 - At least 6,000 Vietnamese civilians were killed in a French naval bombardment of the port city of Haiphong.
• 1946 - The Workers Party of South Korea is founded.
• 1946 - Bobby Rush was born. American politician.
• 1946 - Giorgos Koudas was born. Greek footballer.
• 1946 - Diana Quick was born. English actress.
• 1948 - Hack Wilson dies (b. 1900). Baseball Hall of Famer
• 1950 - Chuck Schumer was born. American politician.
• 1951 - David Rappaport was born (d. 1990). English actor.
• 1952 - José Águas, Portuguese football player, debuts representing Portugal in a 1-1 draw against Austria
• 1952 - Bill Troiano was born. American musician
• 1953 - Francis Cabrel was born. French singer.
• 1954 - Bruce Hornsby was born. American musician
• 1954 - Glenn Brummer was born. Baseball player
• 1954 - For the first time, the Dow Jones Industrial Average closes above the peak it reached just before the 1929 crash.
• 1954 - Bruce Hornsby was born. American musician.
• 1954 - Glenn Brummer was born. American baseball player.
• 1954 - Ross Brawn was born. British engineer.
• 1954 - Elizabeth Savalla was born in São Paulo. Brazilian actress.
• 1955 - The Cocos Islands are transferred from the control of the United Kingdom to Australia.
• 1955 - Steven Brust was born. American author
• 1955 - Ludovico Einaudi was born. Italian composer and pianist
• 1956 - Steve Harvey was born. American actor and comedian.
• 1956 - André de Biase was born in Vitória - ES. Brazilian actor.
• 1957 - Spanish enclave of Ifni is attacked by Moroccan Army of Liberation.
• 1958 - Have Gun, Will Travel debuts on radio.
• 1959 - General Charles de Gaulle, President of France, declares in a speech in Strasbourg his vision for a "Europe, from the Atlantic to the Urals."
• 1959 - Maxwell Caulfield was born. British actor
• 1959 - Dominique Dunne was born (d. 1982). American actress
• 1960 - The long-running serial, Ma Perkins, airs its last episode on CBS radio.
• 1959 - Maxwell Caulfield was born. British actor.
• 1959 - Dominique Dunne was born (d. 1982). American actress.
• 1960 - Robin Roberts was born. American television reporter.
• 1962 - United Airlines Flight 297 crashes killing all 17 on-board.
• 1962 - Carlinhos Brown was born. Brazilian composer and singer.
• 1963 - The first episode of the science fiction television series Doctor Who debuts on the BBC.
• 1963 - Joe Ahearne was born. British television director
• 1963 - Mamoru Takuma was born (d. 2004). Japanese mass murderer and rapist.
• 1964 - Frank Rutherford was born. Bahamian athlete
• 1965 - Jennifer Michael Hecht was born. American poet and historian.
• 1966 - Jerry Kelly was born. American professional golfer.
• 1966 - Vincent Cassel was born. French actor.
• 1966 - Sean O'Kelly dies (b. 1882). President of Ireland.
• 1968 - Hamid Hassani was born. Iranian lexicographer.
• 1969 - Jonathan Seet was born. Canadian singer.
• 1970 - Yusof bin Ishak dies (b. 1910). First President of Singapore.
• 1970 - Zoë Ball was born. British television and radio presenter.
• 1971 - The representatives of the People's Republic of China first attended the United Nations, including the United Nations Security Council, as China's representatives.
• 1971 - Lisa Kushell was born. American actress.
• 1971 - Lisa Arch was born. American actress.
• 1972 - Chris Adler was born. American musician (Lamb of God)
• 1972 - Marie Wilson dies (b. 1916). American actress.
• 1973 - Trick Daddy was born. American rapper.
• 1973 - Sessue Hayakawa dies (b. 1889). Japanese actor.
• 1974 - Jamie Sharper was born. American football player.
• 1974 - Saku Koivu was born. National Hockey League player.
• 1974 - Cornelius Ryan dies (b. 1920). Irish-born author.
• 1976 - Apneist Jacques Mayol is the first man to reach a depth of 100 m undersea without breathing equipment.
• 1976 - Page Kennedy was born. American actor.
• 1976 - André Malraux dies (b. 1901). French writer.
• 1976 - Carmel Said was born. Maltese playboy and bon vivant also known as Id-DruGo
• 1977 - Adam Eaton was born. American baseball player.
• 1977 - Myriam Boileau was born. Canadian diver.
• 1978 - Kayvan Novak was born. English actor.
• 1979 - In Dublin, Ireland, Irish Republican Army member Thomas McMahon is sentenced to life in prison for the assassination of Lord Mountbatten.
• 1979 - Kelly Brook was born. English actress and model
• 1979 - Merle Oberon dies (b. 1911). British actress (Wuthering Heights - 1939).
• 1979 - Judee Sill dies (b. 1944). American musician and songwriter.
• 1980 - A series of earthquakes in southern Italy kills approximately 4,800 people.
• 1980 - David Britz was born. American nanotechnologist.
• 1980 - Jonathan Papelbon was born. American baseball player
• 1981 - Iran-Contra scandal: Ronald Reagan signs the top secret National Security Decision Directive 17 (NSDD-17), giving the Central Intelligence Agency the authority to recruit and support Contra rebels in Nicaragua.
• 1982 - Colby Armstrong was born. Canadian ice-hockey player.
• 1982 - Asafa Powell was born. Jamaican sprinter.
• 1983 - Juhan Muks dies (b. 1899). Estonian artist.
• 1983 - Tom Evans dies (b. 1947). British guitarist (Badfinger).
• 1984 - Boston College quarterback Doug Flutie throws a game-winning 48-yard Hail Mary pass to Gerard Phelan to defeat the University of Miami Hurricanes 45-41. It is one of the most famous plays in American college football history.
• 1984 - Lucas Grabeel was born. American actor and singer
• 1985 - Gunmen hijack EgyptAir Flight 648 while en route from Athens to Cairo. When the plane lands in Malta, Egyptian commandos storm the hijacked jetliner, but 60 people die in the raid.
• 1988 - Sharpeville six are given reprieve from death sentence by South African president P. W. Botha.
• 1990 - The first all woman expedition to the south pole (3 Americans, 1 Japanese and 12 Russians), sets off from Antarctica on the 1st leg of a 70 day, 1287 kilometre ski trek.
• 1990 - Punk rock band Bad Religion release their seventh album, Against the Grain in the United States
• 1990 - Roald Dahl dies in Llandaff, Cardiff, South Wales (b. 1916). British author whose children's books include "James and the Giant Peach" (1961) and "Charlie and the Chocolate Factory" (1964).
• 1990 - Bo Diaz dies (b. 1953). Venezuelan baseball player.
• 1990 - Caio Prado Júnior dies (b. 1907). Brazilian writer, publisher and politician.
• 1990 - John Major became British prime minister.
• 1991 - Queen frontman Freddie Mercury publicly announces that he has AIDS. He dies the next day.
• 1991 - Martin Lopez-Zubero swims world record 200m backstroke (1:56.57)
• 1991 - Klaus Kinski dies (b. 1926). German actor.
• 1992 - Jordan Fry was born. American actor.
• 1992 - Miley Cyrus was born. American actress and singer
• 1992 - Roy Acuff dies (b. 1903). American musician
• 1992 - Jean-François Thiriart dies (b. 1922). Belgian politician.
• 1993 - Rachel Whiteread wins both the £20,000 Turner Prize award for best British modern artist and the £40,000 K Foundation art award for the worst artist of the year.
• 1994 - Art Barr dies (b. 1966). American professional wrestler.
• 1994 - Tommy Boyce dies (b. 1939). American songwriter.
• 1995 - 54 members of the Muslim Brotherhood are incarcerated by an Egyptian Military court during a pre-election purge.
• 1995 - Louis Malle dies (b. 1932). French film director
• 1995 - Junior Walker dies (b. 1931). American musician.
• 1996 - Ethiopian Airlines Flight 961 is hijacked, then crashes after running out of fuel off the coast of Comoros into the Indian Ocean, killing 127.
• 1996 - The Republic of Angola officially joins the World Trade Organization.
• 1996 - Mohamed Amin dies (b. 1943). Kenyan photojournalist.
• 1996 - Art Porter, Jr. dies (b. 1961). American jazz musician.
• 1997 - Jorge Más Canosa dies (b. 1939). Anti-Castro activist.
• 1998 - Agreement between Cambodian Prime Minister Hun Sen and his rival, prince Norodom Ranariddh.
• 2001 - Bo Belinsky dies (b. 1936). American baseball player.
• 2001 - O.C. Smith dies (b. 1932). American singer.
• 2002 - Roberto Matta dies (b. 1911). Chilean painter.
• 2003 - Georgian president Eduard Shevardnadze resigns following weeks of mass protests over flawed elections.
• 2003 - Berkeley Breathed begins the comic strip Opus.
• 2003 - Paulo Antunes, Campeão Nacional em título de Triatlo, obtém a medalha de bronze nos I Campeonatos Ibero -Americanos de Triatlo, disputados em Valparaiso, Chile.
• 2004 - Alex Ferguson managed Manchester United for the 1000th time in a Champions League match against Lyon.
• 2004 - Pete Franklin dies (b. 1928). American talk radio host.
• 2005 - Ellen Johnson-Sirleaf, elected president of Liberia, is the first woman to lead an African country.
• 2005 - Frank Gatski dies (b. 1919). American football player.
• 2005 - Constance Cummings dies (b. 1910). American-born British actress.
• 2005 - Isabel de Castro dies in Borba (b. 1 Aug 1931). Portuguese actress.
• 2006 - Isle of Man General Election
• 2006 - Nick Clarke dies (b. 1948). English radio presenter.
• 2006 - Betty Comden dies (b. 1917). American lyricist.
• 2006 - Alexander Litvinenko dies after to have been poisoned (b. 1962). Russian spy.
• 2006 - Philippe Noiret dies (b. 1930). French actor.
• 2006 - Anita O'Day dies (b. 1919). American singer.
• 2006 - Willie Pep dies (b. 1922). American boxer.
• R.C. Saints - Pope Clement I, Saint Columban
• Bahá'í Faith - Feast of Qawl (Speech) - First day of the 14th month of the Bahá'í calendar
• Georgia - St George's Day
• Japan - Kinro kansha no hi (Labour Thanksgiving Day)
• Slovenia - Rudolf Maister Day in memory of the general who seized back the northern parts of Slovenia at the end of the First World War.
• Alexander Nevsky's feast day in the Russian Orthodox Church