On this day in History - Sep. 30
- 0420 - Saint Jerome dies. translator of the Vulgate Bible
- 0653 - Saint Honorius dies. Archbishop of Canterbury
- 1101 - Anselm IV, Archbishop of Milan dies
- 1207 - Jalal al-Din Muhammad Rumi was born (d. 1273). Persian mystic and poet.
- 1227 - Pope Nicholas IV was born (d. 1292)
- 1246 - Yaroslav II of Russia dies (b. 1191)
- 1440 - Reginald Grey, 3rd Baron Grey de Ruthyn dies. English soldier and politician
- 1399 - Henry IV is proclaimed King of England.
- 1452 - First printed book, the Johann Gutenberg Bible.
- 1487 - John Sutton, 1st Baron Dudley dies (b. 1400). Lord Lieutenant of Ireland.
- 1530 - Geronimo Mercuriali was born (d. 1606). Italian philologist and physician.
- 1550 - Michael Maestlin was born (d. 1631). German mathematician.
- 1551 - Ouchi Yoshitaka dies (b. 1507). Japanese warlord.
- 1560 - Melchior Cano dies (b. 1525). Spanish theologian.
- 1572 - St. Francis Borgia dies (b. 1510). Jesuit priest.
- 1581 - Hubert Languet dies (b. 1518). French diplomat and reformer.
- 1626 - Nurhaci dies (b. 1559). Manchurian chief.
- 1628 - Fulke Greville, 1st Baron Brooke dies (b. 1554). English poet.
- 1631 - William Stoughton was born (d. 1701). American judge at the Salem witch trials.
- 1700 - Stanisław Konarski was born (d. 1773). Polish writer.
- 1710 - John Russell, 4th Duke of Bedford was born (d. 1771). Brotosh statesman
- 1715 - Étienne Bonnot de Condillac was born (d. 1780). French philosopher.
- 1732 - Jacques Necker was born (d. 1804). French diplomat, finance minister of Louis XVI
- 1743 - Jeronimo Francisco de Lima was born. Portuguese composer.
- 1765 - José María Morelos was born (d. 1815). Mexican revolutionary.
- 1770 - Thomas Robinson, 1st Baron Grantham dies. English politician and diplomat.
- 1770 - George Whitefield dies (b. 1714). English-born Methodist leader.
- 1772 - James Brindley dies (b. 1716). English engineer, pioneer canal builder, who constructed the first English canal of major economic importance.
- 1778 - Miguel de Bulhões e Sousa dies (b. 1706). Portuguese bishop.
- 1781 - American War of Independance: The French defeat the British at the Battle of Chesapeake Capes.
- 1791 - The Magic Flute, the last opera composed by Mozart premiered at Theater an der Wien in Vienna, Austria.
- 1791 - The Constituent Assembly in Paris is dissolved; Parisians hail Maximilien Robespierre and Jérôme Pétion as incorruptible patriots.
- 1800 - Decimus Burton was born (d. 1881). English architect.
- 1813 - Battle of Bárbula: Simón Bolívar defeats Santiago Bobadilla.
- 1827 - Ellis H. Roberts was born (d. 1918). American politician.
- 1846 - Wilhelm Adolf Becker dies (b. 1796). German classical archaeologist, remembered for his works on the everyday life of the ancient Romans and Greeks
- 1861 - William Wrigley Jr. was born (d. 1932). American industrialist (Wm. Wrigley Jr. Company)
- 1865 - Samuel David Luzzatto dies (b. 1800). Italian-Jewish scholar.
- 1867 - The United States takes control of Midway Island.
- 1870 - Jean Baptiste Perrin was born (d. 1942). French physicist, Nobel Prize laureate.
- 1870 - Thomas W. Lamont was born (d. 1948). American banker; father of Corliss Lamont; great-grandfather of Ned Lamont
- 1882 - The world's first commercial hydroelectric power plant (later known as Appleton Edison Light Company) begins operation on the Fox River in Appleton, Wisconsin, United States.
- 1882 - Hans Geiger was born (d. 1945). German physicist
- 1888 - Elizabeth Stride dies (b. 1843). Widely believed to be the third victim of Jack the Ripper
- 1888 - Catherine Eddowes dies (b. 1842). Widely believed to be the fourth victim of Jack the Ripper
- 1891 - Georges Boulanger dies (b. 1837). French general and politician.
- 1893 - Lansdale Sasscer was born (d. 1964). American politician.
- 1895 - Madagascar becomes a French protectorate.
- 1895 - Lewis Milestone was born (d. 1980). Russian-born film director.
- 1898 - Renée Adorée was born (d. 1933). French actress.
- 1898 - Princess Charlotte of Monaco was born (d. 1977)
- 1901 - Hubert Cecil Booth patents the vacuum cleaner.
- 1902 - The "making of cellulose esters" was jointly patented by William H. Walker, Arthur D. Little and Harry S. Mork of Massachusetts. A month later, on 28 Oct 1902, they also patented artificial silk. Viscose was an early name for the product. The term rayon was adopted by the textile industry in 1924 to replace "artificial silk" and similar names.
- 1903 - New Gresham's School officially opened by Field Marshal Sir Evelyn Wood.
- 1904 - Waldo Williams was born (d. 1971). Welsh poet.
- 1905 - Nevill Francis Mott was born (d. 1996). English physicist, Nobel Prize laureate.
- 1906 - Real Academia Galega, Galician language biggest linguistic authority starts working in Havana.
- 1908 - David Oistrakh was born (d. 1974). Ukrainian violinist.
- 1910 - Maurice Lévy dies (b. 1838). French engineer.
- 1912 - Kenny Baker was born (d. 1985). American singer and actor.
- 1913 - Bill Walsh was born (d. 1975). American film producer and writer.
- 1913 - Rudolf Diesel dies (b. 1858). German inventor.
- 1915 - Lester Maddox was born (d. 2003). Governor of Georgia.
- 1916 - Morreu, na Figueira da Foz, António Ramalho (n. 1858). Pintor português pertenceu à geração naturalista e distinguiu-se essencialmente como retratista.
- 1917 - Park Chunghee was born (d. 1979). President of South Korea.
- 1917 - Buddy Rich was born (d. 1987).American drummer.
- 1918 - Lewis Nixon was born (d. 1996). II World War Veteran.
- 1919 - Roberto Bonomi was born (d. 1992). Argentine racing driver.
- 1920 - Aldo Parisot was born. Brazilian-American musician and cellist
- 1921 - Deborah Kerr was born. Scottish actress ( The King and I, From Here to Eternity, A Woman of Substance, The Night of the Iguana, Quo Vadis, Tea and Sympathy, Separate Tables)
- 1922 - Alan Stretton was born. Australian general
- 1924 - Truman Capote was born (d. 25 Aug 1984). American author. In Cold Blood, Other Voices, Other Rooms, Breakfast at Tiffany’s; actor: Murder by Death / Nascimento do escritor norte-americano Truman Capote (1924-1984), em Nova Orleães, no estado do Alabama. O seu nome de baptismo era Truman Streckfus Persons, tendo adoptado o apelido do padrasto. Conhecido sobretudo pelos seus livros Pequeno Almoço no Tiffany e A Sangue Frio.
- 1926 - Robin Roberts was born. Major League Baseball player
- 1927 - Babe Ruth becomes the first baseball player to hit 60 home runs in a season
- 1927 - W. S. Merwin was born. American poet.
- 1928 - Elie Wiesel was born. Romanian Holocaust survivor, author, and lecturer, recipient of the Nobel Peace Prize in 1986
- 1931 - Angie Dickinson was born. American actress ( Police Woman, Cassie and Company, Wild Palms, Dressed to Kill, Rio Bravo, Ocean’s 11). Hollywood’s Best Legs Award [1962]
- 1932 - Shintaro Ishihara was born. Japanese author and politician (governor of Tokyo)
- 1932 - Johnny Podres was born. American baseball player
- 1934 - Udo Jürgens was born. Austrian singer
- 1935 - Johnny Mathis was born. American singer
- 1935 - The Hoover Dam, astride the border between the U.S. states of Arizona and Nevada, is dedicated.
- 1935 - "The Adventures of Dick Tracy" is first heard on the Mutual Radio Network.
- 1937 - Artur Portela Filho was born. Portuguese journalist and writer.
- 1937 - Valentin Silvestrov was born. Ukrainian composer
- 1938 - The League of Nations unanimously outlaws "intentional bombings of civilian populations"
- 1938 - Britain, France, Nazi Germany and Italy sign the Munich Agreement, allowing Germany to occupy the Sudetenland region of Czechoslovakia.
- 1939 - Jean-Marie Lehn was born. French chemist, Nobel Prize laureate
- 1939 - Martha Wollstein dies (b. 21 Nov 1868). American physician and investigator in pediatric pathology.
- 1940 - Sir Robert Abbott Hadfield dies (b. 28 Nov 1858). British metallurgist who developed manganese steel, an alloy of exceptional durability that found uses in the construction of railroad rails and rock-crushing machinery.
- 1942 - Frankie Lymon was born (d. 1962). American singer.
- 1943 - Johann Deisenhofer was born. German chemist, Nobel Prize laureate
- 1943 - Marilyn McCoo was born. American singer (The Fifth Dimension)
- 1943 - Franz Oppenheimer dies (b. 1864). German sociologist.
- 1944 - Diane Dufresne was born. French Canadian singer.
- 1945 - Salaheddin Ali Nader Shah Angha was born. 42nd Present Sufi Master of the Oveyssi-Shahmaghsoudi order
- 1945 - Ehud Olmert was born. Twelfth Prime Minister of Israel
- 1946 - Héctor Lavoe was born (d. 1993). Puerto Rican singer.
- 1946 - Jochen Mass was born. German F1 car driver.
- 1947 - Baseball: The World Series, featuring New York Yankees and the Brooklyn Dodgers, is televised for the first time.
- 1947 - Marc Bolan was born (d. 1977). British musician
- 1947 - Dave Arneson was born. American game designer
- 1949 - The Berlin Airlift ends.
- 1950 - Renato Zero was born. Italian musician.
- 1951 - Barry Marshall was born. Australian physician, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine
- 1952 - Jack Wild was born (d. 2006). British actor.
- 1953 - S.M. Stirling was born. Canadian-American science fiction and fantasy author.
- 1953 - Victoria Tennant was born. Actress: Flowers in the Attic, L.A. Story, The Winds of War, War and Remembrance.
- 1953 - S.M. Stirling was born. Canadian-born author.
- 1953 - Lewis Fry Richardson dies (b. 11 Oct 1881). British physicist and psychologist who was the first to apply mathematical techniques to predict the weather accurately.
- 1954 - The U.S. Navy submarine USS Nautilus is commissioned as the world's first nuclear reactor powered vessel.
- 1954 - Barry Williams was born. American actor
- 1954 - Basia Trzetrzelewska was born. Polish-born singer and songwriter.
- 1955 - James Dean dies from injuries suffered in a car crash (b. 1931). American actor (Giant, East of Eden and Rebel Without a Cause).
- 1957 - Fran Drescher was born. American actress.
- 1958 - Marty Stuart was born. Country Music Singer
- 1959 - Ross Granville Harrison dies (b. 13 Jan 1870). American zoologist who developed the first successful animal-tissue cultures and pioneered organ transplantation techniques.
- 1960 - The last episode of "The Howdy Doody Show" airs on NBC.
- 1960 - The Flintstones made their debut on primetime.
- 1960 - Blanche Lincoln was born. American politician
- 1961 - Mayor Snyder of Oregon writes a check for $1.96 to cover the cost of the tea lost in the Boston Tea Party.
- 1961 - Eric Stoltz was born. American actor ( Fast Times at Ridgemont High, Mask, Some Kind of Wonderful, Our Town, Three Sisters, Two Shakespearean Actors, The Importance of Being Ernest, The Glass Menagerie, Pulp Fiction, Once and Again).
- 1961 - Crystal Bernard was born. American actress.
- 1961 - Eric van de Poele was born. Belgian racing driver.
- 1961 - Sally Yeh was born. Hong Kong singer and actress.
- 1961 - Onésime Gagnon dies (b. 1888). French Canadian politician, lieutenant-governor of Québec.
- 1962 - Frank Rijkaard was born. Dutch football player and manager.
- 1962 - Last episodes of Suspense and Yours Truly, Johnny Dollar broadcast on CBS Radio, marking the end of The Golden Age of Radio.
- 1964 - Trey Anastasio was born. American musician (Phish)
- 1964 - Monica Bellucci was born. Italian actress.
- 1964 - Robby Takac was born. American singer and bassist (Goo Goo Dolls)
- 1965 - General Suharto rises to power after an alleged coup by the Communist Party of Indonesia. In response, Suharto massacres over a million Indonesian communists.
- 1965 - Kathleen Madigan was born. American comedian
- 1966 - The British protectorate of Bechuanaland declares its independence, and becomes the Republic of Botswana.
- 1966 - Kerry G. Johnson was born. African American graphic designer and caricaturist
- 1967 - BBC Radio 1 is launched; the BBC's other national radio stations also adopt numeric names.
- 1967 - Ceylon Broadcasting Corporation is launched in Colombo; the station was formerly known as Radio Ceylon.
- 1969 - Sir Frederic C. Bartlett dies (b. 20 Oct 1886). British psychologist best known for his studies of memory. Britain's most outstanding psychologist between the World Wars.
- 1969 - Chris Von Erich was born (d. 1991). Professional wrestler.
- 1970 - Jordan makes a deal with the Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine (PFLP) for the release of the remaining hostages from the Dawson's Field hijackings.
- 1970 - Mark Smith was born. English body builder, former Gladiators player
- 1971 - Jenna Elfman was born. American actress.
- 1972 - Ari Behn was born. Norwegian author.
- 1972 - Jamal Anderson was born. American football player.
- 1973 - Peter Pitseolak dies (b. 1902). Inuit photographer and author.
- 1974 - Portugal: Tomada de posse do 3.º Governo Provisório, chefiado por Vasco Gonçalves.
- 1974 - Portugal: General Costa Gomes assume a Presidencia da Republica após a renúncia do presidente António de Spínola.
- 1974 - Carlos Prats dies. Chilean Constitutionalist General, assassinated in the frame of Operation Condor
- 1975 - Joe Frazier vs. Muhammad Ali fight (Thriller in Manila)
- 1975 - Carlos Guillén was born. American baseball player
- 1975 - Marion Cotillard was born. French actress
- 1976 - Mary Ford dies (b. 1928). American singer.
- 1977 - Maia Brewton was born. American actress
- 1977 - Roy Carroll was born. Northern Irish football player
- 1977 - Sun Jihai was born. Chinese football player
- 1977 - Mary Ford dies (b. 1924). American singer (Les Paul and Mary Ford)
- 1978 - Candice Michelle was born. American female wrestler
- 1978 - Edgar Bergen dies (b. 1903). American actor and ventriloquist.
- 1979 - The Hong Kong MTR commenced service with the opening of its Modified Initial System (aka. Kwun Tong Line).
- 1979 - Andy van der Meyde was born. Dutch footballer
- 1980 - Ethernet specifications published by Xerox working with Intel and Digital Equipment Corporation.
- 1980 - Martina Hingis was born. Swiss tennis player.
- 1981 - The death penalty is abolished in France.
- 1981 - Brandon Watson was born. American baseball player
- 1982 - Cyanide-laced Tylenol kills six people in the Chicago area. Seven were killed in all. The incident is known as the Tylenol scare.
- 1982 - Lacey Chabert was born. American actress
- 1982 - Kieran Culkin was born. American actor
- 1982 - Michelle Marsh was born. British model
- 1982 - Ryan Stout was born. American comedian
- 1982 - Teal Redmann was born. American actress
- 1982 - Tory Lane was born. American nude model, exotic dancer, and pornographic actress
- 1983 - Andreea Răducan was born. Romanian gymnast
- 1984 - Keisha Buchanan was born. British singer (Sugababes)
- 1984 - Megan Ewing was born. American supermodel
- 1984 - Anna Świrszczyńska dies (b. 1909). Polish poetess.
- 1985 - Simone Signoret dies (b. 1921). French actress.
- 1985 - Charles Richter dies (b. 26 Apr 1900). American seismologist and inventor of the Richter Scale that measures earthquake intensity which he developed with his colleague, Beno Gutenberg, in the early 1930's.
- 1986 - Mordechai Vanunu, who revealed details of Israel covert nuclear program to British media, was kidnapped in Rome, Italy.
- 1989 - Foreign Minister of West Germany Hans-Dietrich Genscher's speech from the balcony of the German embassy in Prague.
- 1989 - NBC airs its final edition of the Major League Baseball Game of the Week. The Toronto Blue Jays would clinch the American League Eastern divisional title against the Baltimore Orioles.
- 1989 - Virgil Thompson dies (b. 1896). American composer.
- 1990 - The Dalai Lama unveils the Canadian Tribute to Human Rights in Canada's capital city of Ottawa.
- 1990 - Tobi Atkins was born. Australian actor.
- 1990 - Patrick White dies (b. 1912). Australian writer, Nobel laureate
- 1990 - Alice Parizeau dies (b. 1930). Quebec writer and journalist.
- 1991 - President Jean-Bertrand Aristide of Haiti is forced from office.
- 1992 - José Eduardo dos Santos becomes President of Angola.
- 1993 - An earthquake hits India's Latur and Osmanabad district of Marathwada (Aurangabad division) in Maharashtra state leaving tens of thousands of people dead and many more homeless.
- 1994 - Andre Michael Lwoff dies (b. 1902). French microbiologist, Nobel laureate
- 1997 - Origin Systems Inc. releases Ultima Online, the first true massively multiplayer game, opening the door for a new video gaming genre.
- 1998 - Dan Quisenberry dies (b. 1953). American baseball player.
- 1998 - Lisbon Expo-98 finishes.
- 1999 - German novelist Guenter Grass won the Nobel Prize in Literature. The Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences credited Grass’ first novel, The Tin Drum, with restoring honor to German literature “after decades of linguistic and moral destruction.”
- 1999 - Japan's worst nuclear accident at a uranium reprocessing facility in Tokai-mura, northeast of Tokyo. Workers overload a container with uranium, exposing workers and local residents to very high radiation levels.
- 2002 - Início da demolição do estádio de Wembley (Londres - Inglaterra)
- 2002 - Hans-Peter Tschudi dies (b. 1913). Swiss Federal Councilor.
- 2003 - Yusuf Bey dies (b. 1935). Black Muslim leader.
- 2004 - A Rússia aprova adesão ao Protocolo de Kyoto
- 2004 - The first images of a live giant squid in its natural habitat are taken 600 miles south of Tokyo.
- 2004 - The AIM-54 Phoenix, the primary missile for the F-14 Tomcat, retires from service. Almost two years later, the Tomcat retires.
- 2004 - Gamini Fonseka dies (b. 1936). Sri Lankan actor.
- 2004 - Michael Relph dies (b. 1915). British film producer and director.
- 2005 - The Parliament of Catalonia passes with 120 plus votes and 15 against, the Project of New Catalan Statute of Autonomy, proclaiming in its article 1, "Catalonia is a nation".
- 2006 - The daytime train, The Overlander express between the cities of Auckland and Wellington is discontinued due to lack of patronage by Tranz Scenic NZ.
- 2006 - the National Assembly of the Republic of Serbia adopted the Constitutional Act that proclaimed the new Constitution of Serbia.
- Botswana - Independence Day (1966)
- São Tomé and Príncipe - Agricultural Reform (Nationalization) Day
- International Translation Day, introduced in 1991 by International Federation of Translators
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