On this day in History - Nov. 1
- 0846 - Louis the Stammerer was born (d. 0879). King of West Francia
- 0996 - Emperor Otto III issues a deed to Gottschalk, Bishop of Freising, which is the oldest known document using the name Ostarrîchi (Austria in Old High German).
- 1296 - Guillaume Durand dies. French writer
- 1339 - Duke Rudolf IV of Austria was born (d. 1365)
- 1351 - Duke Leopold III of Austria was born (d. 1386)
- 1391 - Amadeus VII of Savoy dies (b. 1360)
- 1399 - John V, Duke of Brittany dies (b. 1339)
- 1431 - Nuno Álvares Pereira dies (b. 1360). Portuguese general
- 1456 - Edmundo Tudor, Conde de Richmond dies (b. 1430). Father of Henrique VII of England
- 1500 - Benvenuto Cellini was born (d. 1571). Italian goldsmith, sculptor, and writer
- 1512 - The ceiling of the Sistine Chapel, painted by Michelangelo, is exhibited to the public for the first time.
- 1520 - The Strait of Magellan, the passage immediately south of mainland South America, connecting the Pacific and the Atlantic Oceans, is first navigated by Ferdinand Magellan during his global circumnavigation voyage.
- 1530 - An approximated 400,000 die after the Netherlands' dikes fail.
- 1530 - Étienne de La Boétie was born (d. 1563). French judge and writer
- 1539 - Pierre Pithou was born (d. 1596). French lawyer and scholar
- 1546 - Giulio Romano dies. Italian painter
- 1567 - Diego Sarmiento de Acuña, conde de Gondomar was born (d. 1626). Spanish diplomat
- 1578 - Dmitry Pozharsky was born (d. 1642). Russian prince.
- 1585 - Jan Brożek was born (d. 1652). Polish mathematician, physician, and astronomer
- 1588 - Jean Daurat dies (b. 1508). French poet
- 1592 - At the Battle of Busan, the outnumbered Korean navy defeats a larger Japanese army.
- 1596 - Pierre Pithou dies (b. 1539). French lawyer and scholar
- 1604 - William Shakespeare's tragedy Othello is presented for the first time, at Whitehall Palace in London.
- 1607 - Georg Philipp Harsdorffer was born (d. 1658). German poet
- 1611 - François-Marie, comte de Broglie was born (d. 1656). Italian-born French commander
- 1611 - William Shakespeare's romantic comedy The Tempest is presented for the first time, at Whitehall Palace in London.
- 1612 - (22 October O.S.) Time of Troubles in Russia: Moscow, Kitai-gorod, is captured by Russian troops under command of Dmitry Pozharsky
- 1636 - Nicolas Boileau-Despréaux was born (d. 1711). French poet and critic
- 1642 - Jean Nicolet dies (b. 1598). French explorer
- 1643 - John Strype was born (d. 1737). English historian and biographer
- 1661 - Florent Carton Dancourt was born (d. 1725). French dramatist and actor
- 1676 - Gisbertus Voetius dies (b. 1589). Dutch theologian
- 1678 - William Coddington dies (b. 1601). First Governor of Rhode Island
- 1700 - Charles II of Spain dies (b. 1661)
- 1704 - Paul Daniel Longolius was born (d. 1779). German encylopedist
- 1720 - Toussaint-Guillaume Picquet de la Motte was born (d. 1791). French admiral.
- 1727 - Ivan Ivanovich Shuvalov was born (d. 1797).Founder of the Moscow University.
- 1755 - Lisbon earthquake: In Portugal, Lisbon is destroyed by a massive earthquake and tsunami, killing between sixty and ninety thousand people.
- 1762 - Spencer Perceval was born (d. 1812). Prime Minister of Great Britain
- 1765 - The British Parliament enacts the Stamp Act on the 13 colonies in order to help pay for British military operations in North America.
- 1778 - Gustav IV Adolf of Sweden was born (d. 1837)
- 1790 - Edmund Burke publishes Reflections on the Revolution in France, in which he predicts that the French Revolution will end in disaster.
- 1800 - US President John Adams becomes the first President of the United States to live in the Executive Mansion (later renamed the White House).
- 1802 - Delegates meet at Chillicothe, Ohio to form a state constitutional convention.
- 1808 - John Taylor was born (d. 1887). American religious leader.
- 1837 - Couto Magalhães was born (d. 1898). Brazilian militar, politician and writer.
- 1847 - Emma Albani was born (d. 1930). Canadian soprano.
- 1848 - In Boston, Massachusetts, the first medical school for women, The Boston Female Medical School (which will later merge with Boston University School of Medicine), opens.
- 1859 - The current Cape Lookout, North Carolina, lighthouse is lighted for the first time. Its first-order Fresnel lens can be seen for 19 miles (30 kilometers).
- 1860 - Boies Penrose was born (d. 1921). United States Senator from Pennsylvania
- 1861 - American Civil War: US President Abraham Lincoln appoints George McClellan as commander of the Union Army, replacing the aged General Winfield Scott.
- 1870 - In the United States, the Weather Bureau (later renamed the National Weather Service) makes its first official meteorological forecast.
- 1871 - Stephen Crane was born (d. 1900). American writer
- 1876 - New Zealand's provincial government system is dissolved.
- 1887 - Fundação do clube de futebol italiano Juventus, que viria a ser o maior vencedor do campeonato italiano.
- 1877 - Roger Quilter was born (d. 1953). British composer.
- 1878 - Konrad Mägi was born (d. 1925). Estonian painter
- 1878 - Carlos Saavedra Lamas was born (d. 1959). Argentine politician, recipient of the Nobel Peace Prize
- 1880 - Alfred Wegener was born (d. 1930). German meteorologist and geophysicist
- 1880 - Sholom Asch was born (d. 1957). Polish-born American writer
- 1880 - Grantland Rice was born (d. 1954). American sports writer
- 1881 - Edward Van Sloan was born (d. 1964). American actor.
- 1886 - Hermann Broch was born (d. 1952). Austrian author
- 1887 - L. S. Lowry was born (d. 1976). British painter of industrial scenes
- 1888 - Nikolai Przhevalsky dies (b. 1838). Russian explorer
- 1894 - Tsar Alexander III of Russia dies (b. 1845) and Nicholas II, his son, becomes the new Tsar of Russia.
- 1889 - Philip Noel-Baker, Baron Noel-Baker was born (d. 1982). Canadian-born peace activist, recipient of the Nobel Peace Prize
- 1892 - Alexander Alekhine was born (d. 1946). Russian-born chess player
- 1896 - A picture showing the naked breasts of a woman appears in National Geographic magazine for the first time.
- 1901 - Sigma Phi Epsilon, a national men's collegiate fraternity is established at Richmond College, in Richmond, VA.
- 1902 - Eugen Jochum was born (d. 1987). German conductor
- 1903 - Max Adrian was born (d. 1973). Irish actor.
- 1903 - Theodor Mommsen dies (b. 1817). German writer, Nobel Prize laureate
- 1905 - Paul-Émile Borduas was born (d. 1960). Québécois painter1911 - The first dropping of a bomb from an airplane in combat, during the Italo-Turkish War.
- 1914 - World War I: the first British naval defeat of the war, the Battle of Coronel is fought off of the coast of Chile.
- 1914 - Moshe Teitelbaum was born (d. 2006). Hassidic rabbi.
- 1918 - Malbone Street Wreck: the worst rapid transit accident in US history occurs under the intersection of Malbone Street and Flatbush Avenue, Brooklyn, New York City, with at least 93 dead.
- 1921 - John W. Peterson was born (d. 2006). American songwriter.
- 1922 - The last sultan of the Ottoman Empire, Mehmed VI, abdicates.
- 1922 - Lima Barreto dies (b. 1881). Brazilian writer
- 1923 - Gordon R. Dickson was born (d. 2001). Canadian author
- 1923 - Victoria de los Angeles was born (d. 2005). Catalan soprano
- 1924 - Jean-Luc Pépin was born (d. 1995). French Canadian politician.
- 1926 - Lou Donaldson was born. American jazz alto saxophonist
- 1929 - Betsy Palmer was born. American actress
- 1929 - Nicholas Mavroules was born (d. 2003). U.S. Congressman from Massachusetts.
- 1930 - A.R. Gurney was born. Playwright
- 1932 - John Clark was born. Actor/Director
- 1932 - Al Arbour, National Hockey League player and coach
- 1934 - Umberto Agnelli was born (d. 2004). Swiss-born automobile executive
- 1934 - William Mathias was born (d. 1992). British composer.
- 1935 - Gary Player was born. South African golfer
- 1935 - Edward Said was born (d. 2003). Palestinian-born literary critic.
- 1937 - Milton José Pinto was born. Brazilian personality of communication.
- 1937 - Bill Anderson was born. American country music singer and songwriter
- 1938 - Seabiscuit defeats War Admiral in an upset victory during a match race deemed "the match of the century" in horse racing.
- 1939 - The first rabbit born after artificial insemination is shown to the world.
- 1939 - Barbara Bosson was born. American actress
- 1939 - Bernard Kouchner was born. French physician ansd politician
- 1940 - Ramesh Chandra Lahoti was born. Chief Justice of India
- 1941 - Alfio Basile was born. Argentine football coach
- 1942 - Larry Flynt was born. American magazine publisher
- 1942 - Ralph Klein was born. Premier of Alberta
- 1942 - Hugo Distler dies (b. 1908). German composer
- 1943 - World War II: Operation Goodtime launched - United States Marines invade Bougainville in the Solomon Islands.
- 1943 - World War II: In support of the landings on Bougainville, U.S. aircraft carrier forces attack the huge Japanese base at Rabaul.
- 1943 - Salvatore Adamo was born. Belgian singer.
- 1944 - World War II: Operation Infatuate launched - The British Army land at Walcheren in the Netherlands.
- 1945 - The official North Korean newspaper, Rodong Sinmun, is first published under the name Chongro.
- 1945 - Austrália é admitida como Estado-Membro da ONU
- 1945 - Gilberto Braga was born. Brazilian playwriter.
- 1946 - Dennis Muren, American special effects artist .
- 1946 - Ric Grech was born (d. 1990). English rock bassist (Family, Ginger Baker's Air Force, Traffic)
- 1947 - Mike Mendoza was born. British radio personality
- 1948 - James Richard Steinman was norn. American songwriter
- 1948 - Phil Myre was born. National Hockey League goaltender
- 1949 - Michael D. Griffin, NASA chief administrator
- 1950 - Puerto Rican nationalists Griselio Torresola and Oscar Collazo attempt to assassinate US President Harry S. Truman.
- 1950 - Pope Pius XII claims Papal Infallibility when he formally defines the dogma of the Assumption of Mary.
- 1950 - Robert B. Laughlin was born. American physicist, Nobel Prize laureate
- 1950 - Pope Pius XII claims Papal Infallibility when he formally defines the dogma of the Assumption of Mary.
- 1951 - American soldiers are exposed to an atomic explosion for training purposes in Desert Rock, Nevada. Participation was not voluntary.
- 1951 - Ronald Bell was born. American singer and saxophonist (Kool & the Gang)
- 1951 - Fabrice Luchini was born. French actor
- 1952 - Operation Ivy - The United States successfully detonates the first hydrogen bomb, codenamed "Mike" ["m" for megaton], at Eniwetok island in the Bikini atoll located in the Pacific Ocean.
- 1952 - Januário Cicco dies. Brazilian physician.
- 1954 - The Front de Libération Nationale fires the first shots of the Algerian War of Independence.
- 1955 - A United Airlines DC-6B explodes in mid-air and crashes near Longmont, Colorado, killing 44 people
- 1956 - Formation of Indian State of Andhra Pradesh with its capital as Hyderabad, formerly known as Nizam State.
- 1956 - Paulo Gonzo was born. Portuguese singer and songwriter.
- 1957 - Lyle Lovett was born. American singer
- 1957 - Carlos Paião was born (d. 1988). Portuguese singer and songwriter
- 1957 - The Mackinac Bridge opens to traffic connecting Michigan's two peninsulas.
- 1960 - While campaigning for President of the United States, John F. Kennedy announces his idea of the Peace Corps.
- 1960 - Fernando Valenzuela, Major League Baseball pitcher (Los Angeles Dodgers)
- 1962 - Anthony Kiedis was born. American singer (Red Hot Chili Peppers)
- 1963 - The Arecibo Observatory in Arecibo, Puerto Rico, with the largest radio telescope ever constructed, officially opens.
- 1963 - Rick Allen was born. British drummer (Def Leppard)
- 1963 - Golpe Militar no Vietnam(e) do Sul derruba Ngo Dihn Diem, que é morto no dia seguinte
- 1963 - Monty Sopp was born. American professional wrestler
- 1964 - Daran Norris was born. American actor
- 1966 - Barbara Becker was born. German actress; ex-wife of Boris Becker
- 1967 - Sophie B. Hawkins was born. American musician
- 1969 - After seven years off the top of the charts, Elvis Presley hits No. 1 on the Billboard Music charts with his song "Suspicious Minds."
- 1970 - A fire at a dance hall in Saint-Laurent-du-Pont, France kills 144 young people.
- 1971 - Vikram Chatwal was born. Indian Hotelier.
- 1972 - Jenny McCarthy was born. American "Playmate of the Year" and TV actress.
- 1972 - Toni Collette was born. Australian actress
- 1972 - Ezra Pound dies (b. 1885). American poet
- 1973 - Aishwarya Rai was born. Indian actress
- 1973 - Watergate Scandal: Leon Jaworski is appointed as the new Watergate Special Prosecutor.
- 1974 - VVS Laxman was born. Indian Cricket Player
- 1976 - Matt Chapman was born. American cartoonist and voice actor
- 1978 - Manju Warriar was born. Indian actress
- 1979 - Mamie Eisenhower dies (b. 1896). First Lady of the United States
- 1981 - Antigua and Barbuda gain independence from the United Kingdom.
- 1982 - King Vidor dies (b. 1894). American film director
- 1983 - Anthony van Hoboken dies (b. 1887). Dutch musicologist
- 1985 - Phil Silvers dies (b. 1911). American actor and comedian
- 1987 - René Lévesque dies (b. 1922). Premier of Quebec
- 1990 - A New York City civil jury awards Sandra Miller $100 for battery after an incident in which Mike Tyson grabbed her breasts and insulted her; the jury found Tyson's behavior "not outrageous".
- 1993 - The Maastricht Treaty takes effect, formally establishing the European Union.
- 1993 - Severo Ochoa dies (b. 1905). Spanish–born biochemist, Nobel Prize laureate
- 1994 - George Lucas leaves the day-to-day operations of his filmmaking business and starts a sabbatical. While on sabbatical, he writes the prequel section of the Star Wars movies.
- 1998 - The European Court of Human Rights is instituted.
- 1999 - Walter Payton dies (b. 1954). American football player
- 2000 - Sérvia e Montenegro é admitida como Estado-Membro da ONU
- 2004 - The Bank of Japan issues a new series of 1000, 5000, and 10,000 yen notes. Both old and the new series will circulate together.
- 2004 - Mac Dre dies (b. 1970). American rap artist.
- 2004 - Terry Knight dies murdered (b. 1943). American music promoter (Grand Funk Railroad)
- 2005 - Skitch Henderson dies (b. 1918). English-born bandleader.
- 2005 - Michael Piller dies (b. 1948). American screenwriter.
- 2005 - First part of the Gomery Report, which discusses allegations of political money manipulation, is released in Canada.
- 2005 - The U.S. Senate enters a rare closed session to discuss the Plame affair and intelligence in the Iraq disarmament crisis.
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