On this day in History - Sep 20

• 0451 - According to some sources, this was the date of the Battle of Chalons: Flavius Aetius' victory over Attila the Hun.
• 0514 - Eleição do Papa Hormisdas.
• 0827 - Eleição do Papa Gregório IV
• 1187 - Saladin begins the Siege of Jerusalem.
• 1246 - Mikhail of Chernigov dies. Ruler of Kiev
• 1377 - Cardinal Robert of Geneva, called by some the Butcher of Cesena, is elected as Avignon Pope Clement VII, beginning the Papal schism/ Eleição do Antipapa Clemente VII em oposição a Urbano VI: início do Cisma do Ocidente
• 1384 - King Louis I of Naples dies (b. 1339)
• 1460 - Gilles Binchois dies. Flemish composer.
• 1486 - Arthur Tudor, Prince of Wales was born (d. 1502), son of King Henry VII of England /1486 - Nasce Artur, Príncipe de Gales, filho mais velho de Henrique VII de Inglaterra († 1502)
• 1519 - Ferdinand Magellan - set sail from Sanlúcar de Barrameda with about 270 men on his expedition to circumnavigate the globe / Fernão de Magalhães, com uma pequena armada de cinco naus, parte de Sevilha para a sua viagem de circum-navegação.
• 1540 - Realiza-se o primeiro auto-de-fé da Inquisição em Portugal.
• 1586 - Chidiock Tichborne dies executed (b. 1558). English conspirator and poet.
• 1590 - Lodovico Agostini dies (b. 1534). Italian composer.
• 1596 - Diego de Montemayor founded the city of Monterrey, Mexico.
• 1599 - Christian, Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg-Wolfenbüttel was born (d. 1623). German protestant military leader.
• 1625 - Heinrich Meibom dies (b. 1555). German historian and critic.
• 1627 - Jan Gruter dies (b. 1560). Dutch critic.
• 1630 - Claudio Saracini dies (b. 1586). Italian composer.
• 1638 - Maria Teresa de Espanha was born († 1683)
• 1639 - Johannes Meursius dies (b. 1579). Dutch classical scholar.
• 1643 - Lucius Cary, 2nd Viscount Falkland dies. English politician and writer
• 1653 - Benedict Schultheiss was born. German composer.
• 1663 - Pirro Albergati was born. Italian composer.
• 1685 - Giuseppe Matteo Alberti was born. Italian composer.
• 1721 - Thomas Doggett dies. Irish actor.
• 1726 - Coroação do Papa João XXI
• 1737 - Runner Edward Marshall completes his journey in the Walking Purchase forcing the cession of 1.2 million acres (4,860 km²) of Lenape-Delaware tribal land to the Pennsylvania Colony.
• 1761 - Realiza-se o último auto-de-fé da Inquisição em Portugal.
• 1767 - Nasce Padre José Maurício Nunes Garcia, compositor brasileiro e mestre da capela real da corte no exílio († 1830)
• 1778 - Fabian Gottlieb von Bellingshausen was born (d. 1852). Russian naval officer and explorer.
• 1803 - Robert Emmet dies (b. 1780). Irish patriot.
• 1815 - Nicolas Desmarest dies (b. 1725). French geologist.
• 1819 -Théodore Chassériau was born. French painter.
• 1819 - Abade Faria dies (b. 1746). Portuguese scientist.
• 1823 - Daniel Steibelt dies. German composer and pianist.
• 1833 - Ernesto Teodoro Moneta was born (d. 1918). Italian pacifist, recipient of the Nobel Peace Prize /1833 - Nascimento de Ernesto Teodoro Moneta, foi um dos presidente da Liga Lombarda pela Paz e vencedor do Prémio Nobel da Paz de 1907 († 1918)
• 1835 - Entrada em Porto Alegre pelos Farroupilhas (início da Revolução Farroupilha)
• 1840 - Gaspar Rodríguez de Francia dies. Paraguayan dictator
• 1842 - Sir James Dewar was born (d. 1923). Scottish chemist.
• 1852 - Philander Chase dies (b. 1775). American university founder.
• 1853 - Chulalongkorn was born (d. 1910). King of Thailand.
• 1854 - Battle of Alma: British and French troops defeat Russians in the Crimea
• 1860 - The Prince of Wales (later King Edward VII of the United Kingdom) visits the United States.
• 1861 - Herbert Putnam was born (d. 1955). Librarian of Congress.
• 1863 - American Civil War: Battle of Chickamauga ends.
• 1863 - Jacob Grimm dies (b. 1785). German folklorist.
• 1866 - Gustave Doret was born. Swiss composer.
• 1870 - Bersaglieri corps enters Rome through Porta Pia and completes the unification of Italy
• 1872 - Maurice Gamelin was born (d. 1958). French army general.
• 1873 - Ferenc Szisz was born (d. 1944). Hungarian-born race car driver.
• 1873 - Sidney Olcott was born (d. 1949). Canadian film director.
• 1878 - Upton Sinclair was born in Baltimore, Maryland. (d. 1968). American writer and politician. 1942 Pulitzer Prize for the novel Dragon's Teeth
• 1880 - Ildebrando Pizzetti was born. Italian composer.
• 1881 - Chester A. Arthur is inaugurated as the 21st President of the United States.
• 1883 - Fídolo Alfonso González Camargo was born. Colombian painter.
• 1884 - Leopold Fitzinger dies (b. 1802). Austrian zoologist.
• 1888 - Eça de Queiroz é nomeado cônsul em Paris
• 1889 - Charles Reidpath was born (d. 1975). American athlete.
• 1890 - Jelly Roll Morton was born (d. 1941). American composer.
• 1891 - The first gasoline-powered car debuts in Springfield, Massachusetts, United States.
• 1895 - Ana Plácido dies (b. 1831). Portuguese writer.
• 1896 - Eduardo Gomes was born († 1981). Brazilian soldier and politician.
• 1897 - Humberto de Alencar Castello Branco was born (d. 1967). President of Brazil (1964-1967)
• 1898 - Santos Dumont realiza primeiro vôo de um balão com propulsão própria.
• 1898 - Theodor Fontane dies (b. 1819). German writer.
• 1899 - Leo Strauss was born (d. 1973). German-American Philosopher.
• 1900 - Carlos Carneiro was born (d. 10 Out 1971). Portuguese painter.
• 1902 - Stevie (Margareth Florence) Smith was born in Hull, Yorkshire (d. 1971). British poet and novelist (Not Waving But Drowning).
• 1906 - Cunard Line's RMS Mauretania is launched at the Swan Hunter & Wigham Richardson shipyard in Newcastle, England.
• 1908 - Pablo de Sarasate dies (b. 1844). Spanish violinist and composer.
• 1917 - Red Auerbach was born. American basketball coach and executive
• 1917 - Fernando Rey was born (d. 1994). Spanish-born actor.
• 1917 - Obdulio Jacinto Varela (El Negro Jefe) was born. Uruguyan football player.
• 1917 - Paraguay becomes a signatory to the Buenos Aires copyright treaty.
• 1920 - Foundation of the Spanish Legion
• 1920 - Dan Andersson dies in Stockholm. Popular Swedish poet of working-class literature [Kolarhistorier (1914, "Charcoal Burner's Tales") and Kolvaktarens visor (1915, "Charcoal Watcher's Songs"), published in English as Charcoal Burner's Ballad & Other Poems in 1943]
• 1922 - William Kapell was born (d. 1953). American pianist.
• 1923 - Geraldine Clinton Little was born (d. 1997). Irish-born poet.
• 1924 - Gogi Grant was born. American singer.
• 1925 - Ananda Mahidol was born (d. 1946). Rama VIII, King of Thailand.
• 1926 - Noémia de Sousa was born. Mozambican poetess.
• 1927 - Johnny Dankworth was born. English musician and composer
• 1927 - Rachel Roberts was born (d. 1980). English actress.
• 1928 - Joyce Brothers was born. American psychologist and advice columnist
• 1929 - Anne Meara was born. American comic and actress.
• 1929 - Lançamento da chapa Aliança Liberal, tendo Getúlio Vargas como candidato a presidente.
• 1932 - Wovoka dies. Paiute visionary.
• 1934 - Sophia Loren was born. Italian actress.
• 1934 - Francisco Grandela dies. Portuguese businessman.
• 1935 - Jim Taylor was born. National Football League player
• 1937 - Monica Zetterlund was born (d. 2005). Swedish actress and singer.
• 1939 - A German Messerschmitt Bf 109 is shot down by Fairey Battle gunner Sgt. F. Letchard during a patrol near Aachen. This is the RAF's first aerial victory of the Second World War.
• 1939 - Robert L. Gerry III was born. American businessman
• 1940 - Genevieve Grotjan completes the decryption of the Japanese Purple code
• 1941 - Dale Chihuly was born. American glass artist.
• 1942 - Gérald Tremblay was born. Québec politician, Mayor of Montreal
• 1945 - Augusto Fragoso dies (b. 1869). 19th President of Brazil
• 1946 - The first Cannes Film Festival is held.
• 1946 - Raimu dies (b. 1883). French actor.
• 1947 - Fiorello LaGuardia dies (b. 1882). Mayor of New York City.
• 1947 - Mia Martini was born (d. 1995). Italian singer.
• 1947 - Bruce Pasternack was born. American CEO
• 1948 - Chuck Panozzo and John Panozzo were born. American musician twins in the band Styx
• 1948 - George R. R. Martin was born. American writer.
• 1949 - Nikolaos Skalkottas dies (b. 1901). Greek composer.
• 1951 - Guy Lafleur was born. Canadian hockey player
• 1954 - First program compiled from FORTRAN runs.
• 1954 - New Zealand's Special Committee on Moral Delinquency in Children and Adolescents reports just ten days after concluding hearings.
• 1954 - Henry Samueli was born. American NHL team owner
• 1956 - Gary Cole was born. American actor.
• 1957 - Jean Sibelius dies (b. 1865). Finnish composer.
• 1957 - Sabine Christiansen was born. German actress
• 1960 - Benim, Burkina Faso, Camarões, Chipre, Congo, República Democrática do Congo, Costa do Marfim, Gabão, Madagascar, Nigéria, República Centro-Africana, Somália, Chade e Togo são admitidos como Estados-Membro da ONU
• 1962 - James Meredith, an African-American, is barred from entering the University of Mississippi.
• 1964 - Herbert Clark Hoover dies. American politician.
• 1964 - Maggie Cheung was born. Hong Kong actress
• 1965 - Robert Rusler was born. American actor.
• 1966 - Guiana é admitida como Estado-Membro da ONU
• 1966 - Nuno Bettencourt was born. Portuguese-born rock musician
• 1966 - Ursula Karven was born. German actress.
• 1967 - Kristen Johnston was born. American actress.
• 1967 - Gunnar and Matthew Nelson, Americans musicians (Nelson)
• 1967 - The RMS Queen Elizabeth 2 is launched at John Brown & Company, Clydebank, Scotland. It is operated by the Cunard Line.
• 1967 - Kristen Johnston was born. American actress
• 1968 - Leah Pinsent was born. Canadian actress
• 1968 - Darrell Russell was born (d. 2004). American race car driver.
• 1970 - Syrian tanks roll into Jordan in response to continued fighting between Jordan and the fedayeen. The Jordanians knock out 30 of the Syrian tanks.
• 1971 - Henrik Larsson was born. Swedish football player.
• 1971 - Giorgos Seferis dies (b. 1900). Greek poet.
• 1973 - Jim Croce dies (b. 1943). American singer and songwriter.
• 1973 - Billie Jean King beats Bobby Riggs in battle-of-sexes tennis match.
• 1975 - Asia Argento was born. Italian actress.
• 1975 - Juan Pablo Montoya was born. Colombian race car driver.
• 1975 - Saint-John Perse dies (b. 1887). French diplomat and poet.
• 1976 - Yui Horie was born. Japanese voice actress and singer.
• 1976 - Derrota do Partido Social Democrata da Suécia após 44 anos no poder
• 1976 - Reuben Singh was born. British entrepreneur
• 1977 - Namie Amuro was born. Japanese singer.
• 1977 - Djibouti e Vietnã são admitidos como Estados-Membro da ONU
• 1978 - Jason Bay was born. Canadian Major League Baseball player
• 1978 - Sarit Hadad was born. Israeli singer
• 1978 - T.J. Tucker was born. Professional baseball player.
• 1979 - Phil Waugh was born. Australian Rugby Union player
• 1979 - Em Portugal (em termos legais) é garantido às mulheres a igualdade de oportunidades e de tratamento no trabalho e no emprego em relação aos homens .
• 1979 - Lee Iacocca is elected president of the Chrysler Corporation.
• 1979 - A coup d'état in the Central African Empire overthrows Emperor Bokasa I
• 1979 - The Punjab wing of the Unity Centre of Communist Revolutionaries of India (Marxist-Leninist) formally splits and constitutes a parallel UCCRI(ML).
• 1979 - Assassination of French left-wing militant Pierre Goldman.
• 1979 - Ludvík Svoboda dies (b. 1895). President of Czechoslovakia.
• 1980 - Mariacarla Boscono was born. Italian fashion model
• 1981 - Joanie Dodds was born. ANTM contestant.
• 1981 - Feliciano López was born. Spanish tennis player.
• 1981 - Dimitrios Papadopoulos was born. Greek football player
• 1981 - A coup d'état in the Central African Republic overthrows President David Dacko.
• 1981 - Feliciano López was born. Spanish tennis player.
• 1984 - A suicide bomber in a car attacks the U.S. embassy in Beirut, Lebanon, killing twelve people.
• 1987 - Alain Prost (Equipe McLaren) wins F1 Grande Prémio de Estoril (Portugal)
• 1989 - Miss Saigon makes its world premeire in London.
• 1989 - Richie Ginther dies (b. 1930). American racing driver.
• 1991 - Spencer Locke was born. American actress.
• 1993 - Kenny Kim was born. Korean-American actor
• 1993 - Erich Hartmann dies (b. 1922). German pilot.
• 1994 - Jules Styne dies (b. 1905). American songwriter.
• 1994 - Sophia de Mello Breyner é agraciada com o Prémio Vida Literária pela APE.
• 1995 - Orville Redenbacher dies (b. 1907). Popcorn company founder.
• 1996 - Paul Erdős dies (b. 1913). Hungarian mathematician.
• 1998 - Baseball: After playing 2,632 consecutive games for the Baltimore Orioles, Cal Ripken, Jr takes a day off.
• 1998 - Fundação do Centro Cultural de Ceilândia
• 1999 - Libertação do Timor-Leste pelas forças da ONU
• 2000 - Nuno Delgado, judoca português, consegue a primeira medalha olímpica (bronze) naquela modalidade para Portugal.
• 2000 - Last performance of the musical Cats (musical) on Broadway.
• 2000 - Gherman Titov dies (b. 1935). Cosmonaut.
• 2001 - George W. Bush delivers his "Freedom at War with Fear" speech to a joint session of Congress.
• 2002 - Kolka-Karmadon rock/ice slide started.
• 2003 - A referendum is held in Latvia to decide the country's accession to the European Union
• 2003 - 2003 Maldives civil unrest: the death of prisoner Hassan Evan Naseem sparks a day of rioting in Malé.
• 2003 - A referendum is held in Latvia to decide the country's accession to the European Union
• 2003 - Lord Williams of Mostyn dies (b. 1941). British politician.
• 2003 - Simon Muzenda dies (b. 1922). Zimbabwe politician.
• 2004 - Townsend Hoopes dies (b. 1922). American politician.
• 2004 - Brian Clough dies (b. 1935). English football player and football manager.
• 2004 - Townsend Hoopes dies (b. 1922). American politician.
• 2004 - Presidential elections in Indonesia
• 2005 - Simon Wiesenthal dies (b. 1908). Austrian-Polish Nazi hunter.
• In ancient Greece, the seventh day of the Eleusinian Mysteries, when the secret rites in the Telesterion began.
• Feast day of the following saints in the Roman Catholic Church: Eustachius ,Vincent Madelgaire ,Yves Mayeuc ,Francis de Posadas
• Thomas Johnson, John Davy, and companions (martyrs).
• Feast day of the following saint(s) in the Anglican Church: John Coleridge Patteson