On this day in History - Jul 2
- 0419 - Valentinian III was born (d. 0455). Roman Emperor.
- 0626 - In fear of assassination, Li Shimin ambushes and kills his rival brothers Li Yuanji and Li Jiancheng in the Incident at Xuanwu Gate. On September 4, Shimin's father abdicated to him, and so Shimin became Emperor Taizong of Tang, Emperor of China.
- 0706 - In China, Emperor Zhongzong of Tang had the remains of Emperor Gaozong of Tang, his wife and recently-deceased ruling empress Wu Zetian, her son Li Xian, her grandson Li Chongrun, and granddaughter Li Xianhui all interred in a new tomb complex outside Chang'an known as the Qianling Mausoleum, located on Mount Liang.
- 0862 - St. Swithun dies (b. 0789). Bishop of Winchester.
- 0963 - The imperial army proclaims Nicephorus Phocas to be Emperor of the Romans on the plains outside Cappadocian Caesarea.
- 1029 - Caliph Al-Mustansir of Cairo was born (d. 1094).
- 1262 - Arthur II, Duke of Brittany was born (d. 1312).
- 1298 - The Battle of Göllheim is fought between Albert I of Habsburg and Adolf of Nassau-Weilburg who dies.
- 1298 - Adolf of Nassau-Weilburg dies (b. 1220). King of the Romans.
- 1363 – Mary, Queen of Sicily was born (d. 1401).
- 1489 - Thomas Cranmer was born (d. 1556). Archbishop of Canterbury.
- 1492 - Elizabeth Tudor was born (d. 1495). English princess.
- 1494 - The Treaty of Tordesillas is signed by Spain.
- 1498 - Portugal: É fundada a Santa Casa da Misericórdia de Lisboa.
- 1504 - Ştefan cel Mare dies (b. 1424). Prince of Moldova.
- 1555 – Turgut Reis sacks the Italian city of Paola.
- 1561 - Menas, Emperor of Ethiopia defeats a revolt in Emfraz.
- 1566 - Nostradamus dies (b. 14 Dec 1503). French astrologer, physician and prophet.
- 1578 - Martin Frobisher sights Baffin Island.
- 1582 - Akechi Mitsuhide dies (b. 1528). Japanese samurai.
- 1591 - Vincenzo Galilei dies (b. 1520). Italian composer.
- 1621 - Thomas Harriot dies. English astronomer and mathematician.
- 1644 - Battle of Marston Moor in the English Civil War.
- 1644 - Abraham a Santa Clara was born (d. 1709). Court vicar.
- 1647 - Daniel Finch, 2nd Earl of Nottingham was born (d. 1730). English privy councilor.
- 1656 - François-Marie, comte de Broglie dies (b. 1611). Italian-born French commander
- 1665 - Samuel Penhallow was born (d. 1726). English-born American colonist and historian.
- 1667 - Pietro Ottoboni was born (d. 1740). Italian cardinal.
- 1674 - Eberhard III, Duke of Württemberg dies (b. 1614).
- 1679 - Europeans first visit Minnesota and see headwaters of Mississippi - led by Daniel Greysolon de Du Luth.
- 1684 - John Rogers dies (b. 1630). American President of Harvard University.
- 1690 - Battle of the Boyne.
- 1698 - Thomas Savery patented the first steam engine.
- 1698 – Francesco III d'Este was born (d. 1780). Duke of Modena.
- 1714 - Christoph Willibald Gluck was born (d. 1787). German composer.
- 1724 - Friedrich Gottlieb Klopstock was born (d. 1803). German poet.
- 1743 - Spencer Compton, 1st Earl of Wilmington dies. English statesman, second Prime Minister of the United Kingdom.
- 1746 - Thomas Baker dies (b. 1656). English antiquarian.
- 1776 - The Continental Congress adopts a resolution severing ties with Great Britain. though a formal Declaration of Independence is not printed formally printed for the masses until July 4.
- 1776 - John Hancock signs Declaration of Independence.
- 1778 - Jean-Jacques Rousseau dies (b. 1712). Swiss philosopher.
- 1778 - Bathsheba Ruggles dies. American murderer.
- 1814 - Fray José Antonio de Liendo y Goicoechea dies. Guatemalan poet.
- 1819 - Charles-Louis Hanon was born (d. 1900). French composer.
- 1820 - George Law Curry was born (d. 1878). Newspaper publisher and Governor of Oregon.
- 1821 - Sir Charles Tupper was born (d. 1915). Sixth Prime Minister of Canada.
- 1822 - Denmark Vesey dies hanged (b. ca. 1767). American who planned slave revolt.
- 1823 - Portugal: As Cortes Legislativas suspendem os seus trabalhos, no seguimento do golpe militar dirigido pelo infante D. Miguel, conhecido por «Vila Francada».
- 1833 - Gervasio Antonio de Posadas dies (b. 1757). Argentine politician.
- 1839 - Twenty miles off the coast of Cuba, 53 rebelling African slaves led by Joseph Cinque take over the slave ship Amistad.
- 1843 - Samuel Hahnemann dies (b. 1755). German physician, homeopathy creator.
- 1849 - Maria Theresia of Austria-Este was born (d. 1919). Queen of Bavaria.
- 1850 - The self-contained gas mask is patented by Benjamin J. Lane.
- 1850 - Sir Robert Peel dies (b. 1788). Prime Minister of Great Britain.
- 1856 - Bal Gangadhar Tilak was born (d. 1920). Indian nationalist leader.
- 1862 - William Henry Bragg was born (d. 1942). English physicist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in physics.
- 1863 - American Civil War: Second day of the Battle of Gettysburg.
- 1865 - Lily Braun was born (d. 1916). German writer.
- 1867 - É criada a Polícia Cívica, em todos os distritos de Portugal. Foi a mãe da Polícia de Segurança Publica, que viria a ser criada em 1922.
- 1870 – Jules Joseph d'Anethan is elected the tenth Prime Minister of Belgium.
- 1871 - Nicolás Raurich y Petre was born (d. 1945). Spanish painter.
- 1876 - Aprovada em Espanha uma nova Constituição de cariz parlamentar. Estará em vigor até 1923.
- 1876 - Wilhelm Cuno was born (d. 1933). Chancellor of Germany.
- 1877 - Hermann Hesse was born (d. 1962). German-born writer, Nobel laureate.
- 1878 - The Brighton Beach Line (now the BMT Brighton Line) opens in the then-city of Brooklyn.
- 1881 - Charles J. Guiteau shoots and fatally wounds U.S. President James Garfield, who eventually dies from infection on September 19.
- 1881 - Royal H. Weller was born (d. 1929). American politician.
- 1884 - Alfons Maria Jakob was born (d. 1931). German neurologist.
- 1890 - The U.S. Congress passes the Sherman Anti-Trust Act.
- 1890 - O Tratado de Bruxelas põe termo à escravatura.
- 1890 - Earl Roy Curry was born (d. 1980). Religious thinker and Kirtland Temple overseer.
- 1893 - Ralph Hancock was born (d. 1950). Welsh garden designer (Rockefeller Center).
- 1896 - Lydia Mei was born (d. 1965). Estonian artist.
- 1900 - Tyrone Guthrie was born (d. 1971). English actor.
- 1903 - King Olav V of Norway was born (d. 1991).
- 1903 - Sir Alec Douglas-Home was born (d. 1995). Prime Minister of the United Kingdom.
- 1903 - Cuba arrendou aos Estados Unidos a Baía de Guantanamo para que estes instalassem uma base militar.
- 1903 - António Melo was born. Portuguese conductor and composer.
- 1903 - Ed Delahanty dies (b. 1867). American Hall of Fame baseball player.
- 1904 - René Lacoste was born (d. 1996). French tennis player and founder of Lacoste tennis clothing [the company with the alligator logo].
- 1904 - Anton P. Chekhov dies (b. 1860). Russian novelist.
- 1906 - Hans Bethe was born (d. 2005). German-born nuclear physicist, Nobel laureate.
- 1907 - Dorothy West was born. Writer.
- 1908 - Thurgood Marshall was born (d. 1993). U. S. Supreme Court justice.
- 1911 - Stadium Gran Parque Central de Montevideo, Uruguay, is inaugurated with a football match Nacional-CURCC (2-1).
- 1912 - Tom Richardson dies (b. 1870). English cricket player.
- 1912 - Universidad Nacional de Tucumán is created.
- 1914 - Frederick Fennell was born (d. 2004). American conductor.
- 1914 - Mário Schenberg was born (d. 1990). Brazilian physicist.
- 1914 - Joseph Chamberlain dies (b. 1836). Mayor of Birmingham and Father of Neville.
- 1915 - Porfirio Díaz dies (b. 1830). President of Mexico.
- 1916 - Ken Curtis was born (d. 1991). American actor and singer.
- 1916 - Hans-Ulrich Rudel was born (d. 1982). German pilot.
- 1916 - Zélia Gattai was born d. 2008). Brazilian writer.
- 1917 - Forty-eight die in rioting in East St. Louis, Illinois, as lower-paid black laborers clash with whites.
- 1917 - Murry Wilson was born (d. 1973). American musician and producer (The Beach Boys).
- 1918 - Robert Sarnoff was born (d. 1997). He became president of the National Broadcasting Company (NBC) and converted the network to the first all-color television station.
- 1918 – Wibo was born (d. 2005). Dutch cartoonist.
- 1919 - Jean Craighead George was born. American writer.
- 1920 - William Louis Marshall dies (b. 1846). American general and engineer.
- 1923 - Wisława Szymborska was born. Polish poet, recipient of the Nobel Prize for Literature in 1966.
- 1925 - Medgar Evers was born (d. 1963). American civil rights activist.
- 1925 – Patrice Lumumba was born (d. 1961). Prime Minister of the Democratic Republic of the Congo.
- 1926 - Octavian Paler was born (d. 2007). Romanian writer and journalist.
- 1926 - Émile Coué dies (b. 1857). French psychologist.
- 1927 – Brock Peters was born (d. 2005). American actor.
- 1927 - Ruth Berghaus was born (d. 1996). Choreographer and film director.
- 1927 - Brock Peters was born (d. 2005). American actor.
- 1928 - No Reino Unido, as mulheres passaram a ter direito, sem restrições, a voto
- 1929 - Imelda Marcos was born. First Lady of the Philippines. Famous for her collection of hundreds of pairs of shoe.
- 1929 - John A. Cade was born. American politician.
- 1929 - Gladys Brockwell dies (b. 1893). American actress.
- 1930 - Carlos Menem was born. President of Argentina (1989-1994; 1995-2000).
- 1931 - Robert Ito was born in Vancouver . Actor and ballet dancer.
- 1931 - Se funda en Buenos Aires, Argentina, el Club Social y Deportivo Liniers.
- 1932 - Dave Thomas was born (d. 2002). American fast food entrepreneur.
- 1932 - King Manuel II of Portugal dies (b. 1889).
- 1933 - Kenny Wharram was born. Canadian hockey player.
- 1934 - The Night of the Long Knives ends with the death of the German Military Officer Ernst Röhm.
- 1934 - Tom Springfield was born. British singer and songwriter (The Springfields).
- 1934 - Ernst Röhm dies (b. 1887). Nazi official.
- 1937 - Amelia Earhart (b. 1897) and navigator Fred Noonan disappear over the Pacific Ocean while attempting to make the first equatorial round-the-world flight.
- 1937 - Polly Holliday was born. American actress.
- 1937 - Richard Petty was born. American race car driver.
- 1939 – Alexandros Panagoulis was born. Greek politician and poet.
- 1939 - John H. Sununu was born. White House Chief of Staff under George HW Bush.
- 1939 - Paul Williams was born (d. 1973). American singer (The Temptations).
- 1940 - Kenneth Harry Clarke was born. British politician.
- 1941 - Stéphane Venne was born. French Canadian songwriter.
- 1942 - Slovak Academy Sciences is founded.
- 1942 – Vicente Fox was born. Former President of Mexico.
- 1943 - Walter Godefroot was born. Belgian cyclist.
- 1946 - Richard Axel was born. American scientist, Nobel laureate.
- 1946 - Ron Silver was born. American actor.
- 1947 - Larry David was born. American television producer.
- 1947 - An object speculated to be a UFO crashes near Roswell, New Mexico, though the United States Air Force claims it is a weather balloon.
- 1947 - Larry David was born. American television producer.
- 1948 - Gene McFadden was born (d. 2006). American songwriter.
- 1948 - Saul Rubinek was born. Canadian film actor.
- 1949 – Hanno Pöschl was born. Austrian actor.
- 1949 – Robert Paquette was born. French Canadian singer and songwriter.
- 1949 - Roy Bittan was born. American musician (E Street Band).
- 1950 - Henri Queuille becomes Prime Minister of France.
- 1951 – Michele Santoro was born. Italian TV journalist.
- 1952 – Johnny Colla was born. American musician (Huey Lewis and the News).
- 1953 - Tony Armas was born. Venezuelan baseball player.
- 1954 - Pete Briquette was born. Irish musician (Boomtown Rats).
- 1955 - Andrew Divoff was born. Venezuelan actor.
- 1955 - Kevin Michael Grace was born. Canadian journalist.
- 1955 - Edward Lawson dies (b. 1873). Scottish recipient of the Victoria Cross.
- 1956 - Jerry Hall was born. American actress and model.
- 1957 - Bret "Hitman" Hart was born. Canadian professional wrestler.
- 1958 - Thomas Bickerton was born. American Methodist bishop.
- 1959 - Mike Hallett was born. English snooker player.
- 1960 - Terry Rossio was born. American screenwriter.
- 1961 - Alba Parietti was born. Italian actress.
- 1961 - Michael Lindsay was born. Voice actor.
- 1961 - Ernest Hemingway dies (suicide) (b. 1899). American author, recipient of the Nobel Prize for Literature.
- 1962 - The first Wal-Mart store opens for business in Rogers, Arkansas.
- 1963 - Mark Kermode was born. British film critic.
- 1964 - President Lyndon B. Johnson signs the Civil Rights Act of 1964, which prohibits segregation in public places.
- 1964 – Alan Tait was born. Scotland rugby player.
- 1964 - Andrea Pia Yates was born. American mother who drowned her five children.
- 1964 – Charles Robinson was born. American wrestling referee.
- 1964 - Joe Magrane was born. Amerian baseball player.
- 1964 – José Canseco was born. Cuban-born American baseball player.
- 1964 – Ozzie Canseco was born. Cuban-born American baseball player.
- 1966 - The French military explodes a nuclear test bomb codenamed Aldébaran in Mururoa, their first nuclear test in the Pacific.
- 1966 - Billie Jean King wins her first of 6 Wimbledon single titles.
- 1966 - Jan Brzechwa dies (b. 1900). Polish poet.
- 1969 - The Jimi Hendrix Experience break up.
- 1969 - Brian Jones dies drowned. Founder of the Rolling Stones.
- 1969 - Matthew Cox was born. American convicted felon.
- 1969 – Tim Rodber was born. England rugby player.
- 1969 - Michael DiBiase dies (b. 1923). Wrestler.
- 1970 – Colin Edwin was born. Australian musician (Porcupine Tree).
- 1970 – Monie Love was born. English rapper.
- 1970 – Scotty 2 Hotty was born. American professional wrestler.
- 1970 – Steve Morrow was born. Irish footballer.
- 1970 - Yancy Butler was born. American actress: Hard Target, Law & Order, South Beach, Brooklyn South, The Witness Files.
- 1971 – Bryan Redpath was born. Scotland rugby player.
- 1971 - Evelyn Lau was born. Canadian author.
- 1971 - Troy Brown was born. American football player.
- 1971 - Morre o escritor argentino Conrado Nalé Roxlo (n. 15 de Fev 1898). Humorista (Chamico) e autor de poemas como "El grillo" e "Claro desvelo" e de obras teatrais como "La cola de la sirena" e "Una vida difícil".
- 1972 - Darren Shan was born. Irish children's author.
- 1972 - Joseph Fielding Smith dies (b. 1876). President of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints.
- 1973 - James R. Schlesinger is sworn in as the 12th United States Secretary of Defense.
- 1973 - Peter Kay was born. British comedian.
- 1973 - Betty Grable dies (b. 1916). American actress.
- 1973 - Chick Hafey dies (b. 1903). Baseball player.
- 1973 - George McBride dies (b. 1880). Baseball player.
- 1973 - Ferdinand Schörner dies (b. 1892). German field marshal.
- 1974 - Matthew Reilly was born. Australian author.
- 1974 – Moon So-ri was born. South Korean actress.
- 1974 – Rocky Gray was born. American musician.
- 1974 - Sean Casey was born. American baseball player.
- 1974 – Tim Christensen was born. Danish singer.
- 1975 - Eric Daze was born. French Canadian ice hockey player.
- 1975 – Erik Ohlsson was born. Swedish guitarist (Millencolin).
- 1975 - Fernando Rocha was born. Portuguese humourist.
- 1975 - James Robertson Justice dies (b. 1907). British actor.
- 1976 - North and South Vietnam, divided since 1954, reunite to form the Socialist Republic of Vietnam.
- 1976 - Krisztián Lisztes was born. Hungarian footballer.
- 1976 - Tomas Vokoun was born. Czech hockey player.
- 1977 - Vladimir Nabokov dies (b. 1899). Russian-born writer.
- 1978 - Jüri Ratas was born. Estonian politician.
- 1978 - Aris Alexandrou dies (b. 1922). Greek novelist, poet and translator.
- 1979 - The first U.S. coin to honor a woman, the Susan B. Anthony dollar, is introduced.
- 1979 - Diana Gurtskaya was born. Georgian singer.
- 1979 – Joe Thornton was born. Canadian hockey player.
- 1979 - Sam Hornish, Jr. was born. American race car driver.
- 1980 – Nicole Manske was born. American beauty queen and motorsports television commentator.
- 1981 – Aaron Voros was born. Canadian hockey player.
- 1981 - Alex Koroknay-Palicz was born. American youth rights activist.
- 1981 - Angel Pagán was born. Puerto Rican baseball player.
- 1981 – Nathan Ellington was born. English footballer.
- 1982 - Larry Walters uses 45 helium balloons and a lawnchair to propel himself to 16,000 feet.
- 1982 - Olivia Munn was born. American television hostess.
- 1983 - The Police release their final album, "Synchronicity", which would eventually spend 17 weeks at #1 on the U.S. album chart.
- 1983 - Michelle Branch was born. American popular musician (The Wreckers)
- 1983 – Sammy J was born. Australian comedian.
- 1984 - Portuguese athlete Fernando Mamede established a new 10.000 metres distance world record in Stockolm / Fernando Mamede bate o recorde mundial dos 10.000 metros, em Estocolmo.
- 1984 - Johnny Weir was born. American figure skater.
- 1984 – Maarten Martens was born. Belgian footballer.
- 1984 - Paul Dozois was born (d. 1908). Quebec politician.
- 1984 – Thomas Kortegaard was born. Danish footballer.
- 1984 – Vanessa Lee Chester was born. American actress.
- 1985 - Andrei Gromyko is appointed the chairman of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the Soviet Union.
- 1985 - Ashley Tisdale was born. American actress.
- 1985 – Chad Henne was born. American football player.
- 1985 – Rhett Bomar was born. American football player.
- 1985 - David Purley dies (b. 1945). British Formula 1 driver.
- 1986 – Brett Cecil was born. American baseball player.
- 1986 - Choi Dae Hyun was born. South Korean model.
- 1986 – Lindsay Lohan was born. American actress and singer.
- 1986 - Peanuts Lowrey dies (b. 1917). Baseball player.
- 1987 – Nilde Iotti is named as the first female President of the Italian Chamber of Deputies.
- 1987 - Ruslana Korshunova was born (d. 2008). Kazakhstani model.
- 1988 - Michael Jackson became the first artist to have five number one singles from one album when Dirty Diana went to the top of the Billboard Hot 100. The other four chart-toppers from Bad were I Just Can’t Stop Loving You, Bad, The Way You Make Me Feel and Man in the Mirror.
- 1988 - Steffi Graff beats Martina Navratilova for Wimbledon crown.
- 1989 - Andrei Gromyko dies (b. 1909). Soviet foreign minister.
- 1989 - Franklin Schaffner dies (b. 1920). American film director.
- 1991 – Cory Spedding was born. Participated in the Junior Eurovision Song Contest 2004 for the UK Finishing 2nd.
- 1991 - Lee Remick dies (b. 1935). American actress.
- 1991 - José María Rosa dies (b. 20 Ago 1906). Argentine historian.
- 1991 - Camarón de la Isla dies (b. 1950). Spanish flamenco singer.
- 1992 – Madison Chock was born. American ice dancer.
- 1992 - Stefan Roberts was born. British finance heir.
- 1992 - Camarón de La Isla (José Monge Cruz) dies (b. 1950). Spanish musician / Morre José Monge Cruz ("Camarón de la Isla"), cantor espanhol, um dos artistas mais admirados da música flamenga.
- 1993 - Fred Gwynne dies (b. 1926). American actor.
- 1994 - Conchita Martinez won the women's title at Wimbledon, defeating Martina Navratilova 6-4, 3-6, 6-3.
- 1994 - Colombian soccer player Andres Escobar was shot to death in Medellin, ten days after accidentally scoring a goal against his own team in World Cup competition.
- 1994 - Andrés Escobar dies murdered (b. 1967). Colombian footballer.
- 1995 - Krissy Taylor dies (b. 1978). American model.
- 1997 - James Stewart dies (b. 1908). American actor.
- 1998 - Harry Potter and the Chamber of Secrets was released to the public as the second installment to the Harry Potter book series.
- 1998 - Opening of Hong Kong Airport.
- 1999 - Mario Puzo dies (b. 1920). American author ("The Godfather").
- 2000 - Vicente Fox Quesada is elected the first President of México from an opposition party, the Partido Acción Nacional (PAN) after more than 70 years of continious rule from the Partido.
- 2000 - A Corte Suprema da Argentina, em uma sentença sem precedentes, condena o Estado a indenizar com 200 mil pesos uma mulher por seu exílio forçado durante a ditadura militar (1976-1983).
- 2000 - Joey Dunlop dies (b. 1952). Irish motorcycle racer.
- 2001 - AbioCor self contained artificial heart created.
- 2002 - East Timor President Xanana Gusmao and his Indonesian counterpart Megawati Sukarnoputri opened a new chapter in ties between the world's newest nation and its former foe, establishing formal diplomatic links and pledging to work together.
- 2002 - Steve Fossett becomes the first person to fly solo around the world nonstop in a balloon.
- 2002 - Ray Brown dies (b. 1926). American jazz bassist.
- 2003 - O Boca Juniors vence por 3-1 o Santos e conquista a Taça Libertadores da América.
- 2003 - International Olympic Committee selects Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada to host the 2010 Winter Olympics.
- 2003 – Silvio Berlusconi, Prime Minister of Italy, insults German MP Martin Schulz by calling him a "kapo" during a session of the European Parliament.
- 2003 - Vancouver, Canada, was awarded the 2010 Winter Olympics.
- 2004 - ASEAN Regional Forum (ARF) accepts Pakistan as the 24th member.
- 2004 - John Cullen Murphy dies (b. 1919). American comic strip artist.
- 2004 - Sophia de Mello Breyner Andresen dies (b. 1919). Portuguese writer and poet.
- 2005 - (11º) Dia Internacional das Cooperativas das Nações Unidas. Este dia comemora-se anualmente no 1º. sábado do mês de Julho.
- 2005 - Ernest Lehman dies (b. 1915). American screenwriter.
- 2005 – Norm Prescott dies (b. 1927). American animation producer.
- 2006 - Space Shuttle Discovery launch for STS-121.
- 2006 - Jan Murray dies (b. 1916). American comedian.
- 2006 - Cho Namchul dies (b. 1923). South Korean professional Go player.
- 2007 - Beverly Sills dies (b. 1929). American operatic soprano.
- 2008 – Elizabeth Spriggs dies (b. 1929). English-born actress.
- 2008 - Natasha Shneider dies (b. 1956). Russian-born musician.
- Originally, in the Roman Catholic Church, the Feast of the Visitation was celebrated on this day, although it has since been transfered to May 31.
- Canada Day. Under the Holidays Act, Canada Day is always observed on July 1 unless that date falls on a Sunday, in which case it is observed on July 2.
- Curaçao: Flag Day.
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