Nothingandall: On this day in History

539 BC - The international day of Cyrus the Great, king of Persia, who declared the first charter of human rights in the world also known as Cyrus Cylinder.
0437 - Valentinian III, Western Roman Emperor, marries Licinia Eudoxia, daughter of his cousin Theodosius II, Eastern Roman Emperor in Constantinople. This unifies the two branches of the House of Theodosius.
0969 - Byzantine troops occupy Antioch Syria.
1017 - Henry III, Holy Roman Emperor was born (d. 1056).
1038 - Aethelnoth dies. Archbishop of Canterbury.
1061 - Emperor disposes of Bishop Cadalus & Pope Honorius II.
1138 - Bolesław III Krzywousty dies (b. 1086). Duke of Poland.
1268 - Conradin (b. 1252), the last legitimate male heir of the Hohenstaufen dynasty of Kings of Germany and Holy Roman Emperors, is executed along with his companion Frederick I, Margrave of Baden by Charles I of Sicily, a political rival and ally to the hostile Catholic church.
1268 - Frederick I, Margrave of Baden dies beheaded (b. 1249).
1340 - Batalha do Salado, pela defesa da Península Ibérica da invasão dos mouros (veja também Reconquista).
1390 - First trial for witchcraft in Paris.
1422 - Charles VII of France becomes king in succession to his father Charles VI of France.
1463 - Alessandro Achillini was born. Italian physician and philosopher.
1467 - Battle of Brusthem: Charles the Bold defeats Liege.
1590 - Dirck Volckertszoon Coornhert dies (b. 1522). Dutch politician and theologian.
1591 - Início do pontificado do Papa Inocêncio IX.
1618 - English adventurer, writer, and courtier Sir Walter Raleigh is beheaded for allegedly conspiring against James I of England.
1618 - Sir Walter Raleigh dies executed (b. 1554). English explorer.
1650 - David Calderwood dies (b. 1575). Scottish historian.
1656 (O.S.) - Edmond Halley was born (d. 1742). English astronomer.
1658 - Action of 29 October 1658 (Naval battle).
1665 - Battle of Ambuila, where Portuguese forces defeated the forces of the Kingdom of Kongo and decapitated king Antonio I of Kongo, also called Nvita a Nkanga.
1666 - Edmund Calamy the Elder dies (b. 1600). English Presbyterian leader.
1666 - James Shirley dies (b. 1596). English dramatist.
1675 - Leibniz makes the first use of the long s, ∫, for integral.
1682 - Pierre François Xavier de Charlevoix was born (d. 1761). French historian.
1690 - Martin Folkes was born (d. 1754). English antiquarian.

1704 - John Byng was born (d. 1757). British admiral.

1740 - James Boswell was born (d. 1795). Scottish biographer of Samuel Johnson.

1762 - André-Marie Chenier was born. French poet (Elegies).

1783 - Jean le Rond d'Alembert dies (b. 1717). French mathematician and encyclopædist.

1787 - Mozart's opera Don Giovanni receives its first performance in Prague.

1792 - Mt. Hood (Oregon) is named after the British naval officer Alexander Arthur Hood by Lt. William E. Broughton who spotted the mountain near the mouth of the Willamette River.

1815 - Daniel Emmett was born (d. 1904). American composer.

1815 - Ľudovít Štúr was born (d. 1856). Slovak politician, author of Slovak language.

1819 - D. Fernando II of Portugal [Ferdinand von Sachsen-Coburg-Gotha-Kohary] was born in Wien ( † 15 Dec. 1885 in Lisbon). King of Portugal.

1822 - Mieczysław Cardinal Ledóchowski was born (d. 1902). Polish Catholic Cardinal.

1827 - Marcellin Berthelot was born (d. 1907). French chemist.

1829 - Maria Anna Mozart dies (b. 1751). Austrian musician.

1832 – Narcisa de Jesús Martillo was born (d. 1869). Ecuadorian saint.

1853 - Pierre Joseph Guillaume Zimmermann dies. Composer.

1855 - Paul Bruchési was born (d. 1939). Archbishop of Montreal.

1859 - Spain declares war on Morocco.

1861 - Andrei Ryabushkin was born (d. 1904). Russian painter.

1863 - Twenty seven countries meeting in Geneva agree to form the International Red Cross.

1863 - American Civil War: Battle of Wauhatchie - Forces under Union General Ulysses S. Grant ward-off a Confederate attack led by General James Longstreet. Union forces thus open a supply line into Chattanooga, Tennessee.

1866 – Antonio Luna was born (d. 1899). Filipino revolutionary general.

1870 - António José de Ávila assume o cargo de primeiro-ministro de Portugal.

1873 - Guillermo Valencia was born. Colombian poet.

1875 - Marie of Edinburgh was born (d. 1938). Queen of Romania.

1876 - Bernardo de Passos was born in S. Brás de Alportel (d. 1 de Jun 1930). Portuguese poet.

1877 - Narcisa de Leon was born (d. 1966). Filipino film mogul.

1877 - Wilfred Rhodes was born (d. 1973). English cricketer.

1877 - Nathan Bedford Forrest dies (b. 1821). American Confederate general and leader of the Ku Klux Klan.

1879 - Alva B. Adams was born (d. 1941). American politician.

1879 - Franz von Papen was born (d. 1969). Chancellor of Germany.

1880 - Abram Ioffe was born (d. 1960). Soviet physicist.

1881 - The Judge (US magazine) first published.

1882 - Maximiliano Hernández Martínez was born. President of El Salvador (1931-1934 e 1935-1944).

1882 - Jean Giraudoux was born (d. 1944). French writer. His plays included “Eglantine” and “Provinciales.”

1886 - The ticker-tape parade is invented in New York City when office workers spontaneously throw ticker tape into the streets as the Statue of Liberty is dedicated.

1891 - Fanny Brice was born (d. 1951). American singer and comedienne.

1897 - Joseph Goebbels was born (d. 1945). Nazi Minister of Propaganda.

1899 - Akim Tamiroff was born (d. 1972). Russian actor.

1901 - In Amherst, Massachusetts nurse Jane Toppan is arrested for murdering the Davis family of Boston with an overdose of morphine.

1901 - Capital punishment: Leon Czolgosz (b. 1873), the assassin of US President William McKinley, is executed by electrocution.

1902 - Flávio Rodrigues da Silva was born. Portuguese musician (fado).

1905 - Adalgisa Nery was born (d. 1980). Brazilian poet, journalist and politician.

1905 - Étienne Desmarteau dies (b. 1873). Canadian athlete.

1906 - Fredric Brown was born (d. 1972). American science fiction and mystery writer.

1907 - Edwige Feuillère was born (d. 1998). French film actress.

1910 - Alfred Ayer was born (d. 1989). British philosopher.

1911 - Joseph Pulitzer dies (b. 1847). Hungarian-born newspaper publisher.

1913 - Floods in El Salvador kill thousands.

1914 - Peyo Yavorov dies. Bulgarian dramatist and poet.

1914 - Edmond Polynice assume (pela 2º vez) a presidência do Haiti.

1915 - William Berenberg was born (d. 2005). American physician and Harvard professor.

1916 – John Sebastian Little dies (b. 1851). American politician and congressman.

1917 - Eddie Constantine was born (d. 1993). American actor and singer.

1918 – The German High Seas Fleet is incapacitated when sailors mutiny on the night of the 29th-30th, an action which would trigger the German revolution.

1918 - Bernard Gordon was born (d. 2007). American writer and producer.

1919 - A. B. Simpson dies (b. 1843). Canadian founder of the Christian and Missionary Alliance and Nyack College.

1920 - Baruj Benacerraf was born. Venezuelan-born immunologist, Nobel laureate.

1920 - Catholicos Baselios Mar Thoma Didymos I was born. Indian Catholic.

1921 - The Link River Dam, a part of the Klamath Reclamation Project, is completed.

1921 - Second trial of Sacco and Vanzetti in USA.

1921 - The Harvard University football team loses to Centre College, ending a 25 game winning streak. This is considered one of the biggest upsets in college football.

1921 - Bill Mauldin was born (d. 2003). American cartoonist, Pulitzer Prize-winning [1945, 1959], created G.I. Joe and Willie.

1922 - The King of Italy, Victor Emmanuel III, appoints Benito Mussolini as Prime Minister.

1922 - Neil Hefti was born (d. 2008). American jazz trumpeter.

1923 - Turkey becomes a republic following the dissolution of the Ottoman Empire.

1923 - Carl Djerassi was born. Austrian chemist.

1923 - Gerda van der Kade-Koudijs was born. Dutch athlete.

1925 - Dominick Dunne was born. American author.

1925 - Robert Hardy was born. English actor.

1926 - Jon Vickers was born. Canadian tenor.

1927 - Russian archaeologist Peter Kozloff uncovered the tomb of Genghis Khan in the Gobi Desert.

1929 - The New York Stock Exchange crashes, ending the Great Bull Market of the 1920s and beginning the Great Depression. The market crashed.

1930 - Natalie Sleeth was born (d. 1992). American composer.

1930 - Niki de Saint Phalle was born (d. 2002). French sculptor.

1930 - Omara Portuondo was born. Cuban singer.

1930 - Puck Brouwer was born (d. 2006). Dutch athlete.

1931 - Franco Interlenghi was born. Italian actor.

1932 - Joseph Babiński dies (b. 1857). Polish-French neurologist.

1933 - Albert Calmette dies (b. 1863). French physician.

1933 - Paul Painlevé dies (b. 1853). French mathematician and politician.

1935 - Takahata Isao was born. Japanese director of animated movies.

1936 - Portugal: O primeiro grupo de prisioneiros políticos chega ao Campo de concentração do Tarrafal, constituída por 157 deportados, formado por dirigentes anarquistas, comunistas e sindicais.

1936 - Akiko Kojima was born. Japanese model.

1936 – Ramiro de Maeztu dies (b. 1874). Spanish writer and political theorist.

1938 - Ellen Johnson-Sirleaf was born. President of Liberia.

1938 - Luis Ricardo Rizo Avellaneda was born. Argentine militar.

1938 - Ralph Bakshi was born. Israeli cartoonist, film director, and video producer.

1939 - Dwight B. Waldo dies (b. 1864). American educator and historian.

1940 - Connie Mack was born. U.S. Senator from Florida.

1940 - Frida Boccara was born (d. 1996). French singer.

1940 - José Ulises Macías Salcedo was born. Catholic bishop.

1941 - Holocaust: In the Kaunas Ghetto over 10,000 Jews are shot by German occupiers at the Ninth Fort, a massacre known as the "Great Action".

1941 - Pepetela [Artur Carlos Maurício Pestana dos Santos] was born in Benguela. Angolan writer, Prize Camões 1997.

1941 – Harvey Hendrick dies (b. 1897). American baseball player.

1942 - Holocaust: In the United Kingdom, leading clergymen and political figures hold a public meeting to register outrage over Nazi Germany's persecution of Jews.

1942 - Bob Ross was born (d. 1995). American artist and television host.

1943 - Don Simpson was born (d. 1996). American film producer.

1944 -The city of Breda in the Netherlands is liberated by 1st Polish Armoured Division.

1944 - Claude Brochu was born. Major League Baseball executive (Montreal Expos).

1944 - Denny Laine was born. English musician (Moody Blues,Wings).

1944 - Nelson Motta was born. Brazilian journalist, writer and musician.

1944 - Otto Wiesheu was born. German minister.

1945 - Getulio Vargas, president of Brazil, resigns.

1946 - Lynn Carey was born. American actress and singer (Mama Lion).

1946 - Peter Green was born. English guitarist (Fleetwood Mac).

1947 - Helen Coonan was born. Australian politician.

1947 - Richard Dreyfuss was born. Academy award winning actor (The Goodbye Girl [1977]; Valley of the Dolls, Jaws, Mr. Holland’s Opus, Close Encounters of the Third Kind, Lost in Yonkers, Nuts, American Graffiti, Down and Out in Beverly Hills, The Graduate, Postcards from the Edge, In Mama’s House, Karen, The Education of Max Bickford).

1948 - Safsaf massacre.

1948 - Manuel A. Odría assume a presidência do Peru.

1948 - Kate Jackson was born. American actress.

1949 - James Williamson was born. American guitarist.

1949 – Kieron Baker was born. English footballer.

1949 - Paul Orndorff was born. American professional wrestler.

1949 - G. I. Gurdjieff dies (b. 1872). Armenian mystic.

1950 - Abdullah Gul was born. Turkish President.

1950 - King Gustav V of Sweden dies (b. 1858).

1951 – Dirk Kempthorne was born. American politician.

1953 – BCPA Flight 304 DC-6 crashes near San Francisco, CA. Pianist William Kapell among those 19 killed.

1953 - Denis Potvin was born. Canadian ice hockey player.

1953 - William Kapell dies (b. 1922). American pianist.

1955 - The Soviet battleship Novorossiisk strikes a World War II mine in the harbor at Sevastopol.

1955 - Boy Abunda was born. Filipino journalist and television personality.

1955 - Kevin DuBrow was born (d. 2007). American singer (Quiet Riot).

1955 - Roger O'Donnell was born. English musician (The Cure).

1956 - Suez Crisis begins: Israel invades the Sinai Peninsula and push Egyptian forces back toward the Suez Canal.

1956 - Tangier Protocol signed: The international city Tangier is reintegrated into Morocco.

1956 - Wilfredo Gomez was born. Puerto Rican boxer.

1957 - Israel's prime minister David Ben Gurion and five of his ministers are injured as a hand grenade is tossed into Israel's parliament, the Knesset.

1957 - Dan Castellaneta was born. American actor.

1957 - Louis B. Mayer dies (b. 1885). American film producer.

1957 - Rosemarie Nitribitt dies (b. 1933). German call girl.

1958 - Boris Pasternak refused the Nobel prize for literature. Pasternak's novel “Dr. Zhivago” was on the best seller list in the west.

1958 - Blažej Baláž was born. Slovak painter.

1958 - David Remnick was born. American writer and editor of The New Yorker.

1958 - Zoe Akins dies (b. 1886). American playwright.

1959 – The first The Adventures of Asterix appeared in the magazine Pilote.

1959 - Mike Gartner was born. Canadian ice hockey player.

1960 - In Louisville, Kentucky, Cassius Clay (who later takes the name Muhammad Ali) wins his first professional fight.

1960 - Finola Hughes was born. British actress.

1961 - Syria exits from the United Arab Republic.

1961 - Joel Otto was born. National Hockey League player.

1961 - Randy Jackson was born. American musician.

1962 – Einar Örn Benediktsson was born. Icelandic musician (The Sugarcubes).

1963 - Adolphe Menjou dies (b. 1890). American actor.

1964 - Tanganika and Zanzibar join to form the Republic of Tanzania.

1964 - A collection of irreplaceable gems, including the 565 carat (113 g) Star of India, is stolen by a group of thieves including Jack Murphy from the American Museum of Natural History in New York City.

1964 - Eddie McGuire was born. Australian television presenter.

1964 - Yasmin Le Bon was born. British model.

1966 – National Organization For Women is founded.

1966 - Francisco Orlich Bolmarcich dies. President of Costa Rica (1962-1966).

1967 - London criminal Jack McVitie is murdered by the Kray twins, leading to their eventual imprisonment and downfall.

1967 - Montreal's World Fair, Expo 67, closes with over 50 million visitors.

1967 - Beth Chapman was born. Star of Dog the Bounty Hunter.

1967 - Joely Fisher was born. American actress.

1967 - Rufus Sewell was born. English actor.

1968 - Johann Olav Koss was born. Norwegian speed skater.

1968 - Tsunku was born. Japanese music producer.

1969 - The first-ever computer-to-computer link is established on ARPANET.

1969 - Eleni Menegaki was born. Greek TV presenter.

1969 - Giorgos Donis was born. Greek footballer.

1970 - Edwin van der Sar was born. Dutch football player.

1970 - Philip Cocu was born. Dutch football player.

1971 - Vietnam War: Vietnamization - The total number of American troops still in Vietnam drops to a record low of 196,700 (the lowest level since January 1966).

1971 - Daniel J. Bernstein was born. American professor.

1971 - Matthew Hayden was born. Australian cricketer.

1971 - Winona Ryder was born. American actress (Little Women, Bram Stoker’s Dracula, The Age of Innocence, Beetlejuice, Edward Scissorhands, Lucas).

1971 - Arne Tiselius dies (b. 1902). Swedish chemist, Nobel Prize laureate.

1971 - Duane Allman dies (b. 1946). American musician.

1972 - Florencia Raggi was born. Argentine model and actress.

1972 - Gabrielle Union was born. American actress.

1972 - Takafumi Horie was born. Japanese entrepreneur.

1972 - Tracee Ellis Ross was born. American actress.

1973 - Eric Messier was born. French Canadian ice hockey player.

1973 - Robert Pirès was born. French football player.

1974 - Michael Vaughan was born. English cricketer.

1975 - Kelly Lin was born. Chinese actress.

1976 - Marco Tábuas was born. Portuguese football player (goalkeeper).

1976 - Milena Govich was born. American actress.

1976 - Mohsen Emadi was born. Iranian poet.

1976 - Stephen Craigan was born. Northern Irish footballer.

1977 - Brendan Fehr was born. Canadian actor.

1978 - Travis Henry was born. American football player.

1979 - Ignasi Giménez Renom was born. Catalan politician.

1979 - Simone Spoladore was born. Brazilian actress.

1980 - Demonstration flight of a secretly modified C-130 for an Iran hostage crisis rescue attempt ends in crash landing at Eglin Air Force Base's Duke Field, Florida leading to cancellation of Operation Credible Sport.

1980 - B.J. Sams was born. American football player.

1980 - Ben Foster was born. American actor.

1981 - Amanda Beard was born. American swimmer.

1981 - Jonathan Brown was born. Australian football player.

1981 - Reema Sen was born. Indian actress.

1981 - Georges Brassens dies (b. 1921). French singer.

1982 - Ariel Lin was born. Taiwanese actress and singer.

1982 - Chelan Simmons was born. Canadian actress.

1983 - An earthquake in Turkey kills 1,300.

1983 - Dana Eveland was born. American baseball player.

1983 - Jason Tahincioglu was born. Turkish racing driver.

1983 - Maurice Clarett was born. American football player.

1983 - Richard Brancatisano was born. Australian actor.

1983 - Ana Cristina César dies - suicide (b. 1952). Brazilian poet.

1983 - Over 500,000 people demonstrate against cruise missiles in The Hague, The Netherlands.

1983 - Pink Floyd’s Dark Side of the Moon became the longest-charting album of all time when it logged its 491st week on the Billboard Top 200 album chart.

1984 - Golfing great Tom Watson won his sixth PGA Player of the Year title.

1984 - Eric Staal was born. Canadian hockey player.

1985 - Major General Samuel K. Doe is announced the winner of the first multiparty election in Liberia.

1985 - Portugal: Aníbal Cavaco Silva é indigitado para o cargo de primeiro-ministro.

1985 - Severino Jefferson was born. Brazilian football player.

1986 - British Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher opens the last stretch of the M25 motorway.

1986 – Sarita Pérez de Tagle was born. Filipina actress and model.

1986 - Mimis Fotopoulos dies (b. 1913). Greek actor.

1987 - Makoto Ogawa was born. Japanese singer (Morning Musume).

1987 - Matthew Charles was born. American scholar.

1987 - Woody Herman dies (b. 1913). American musician.

1988 - In Japan, the Sega Megadrive is released for the first time.

1988 - Pakistan's General Rahimuddin Khan resigns from his post as Governor of Sindh, following the efforts by President of Pakistan Ghulam Ishaq Khan to limit the powers Rahimuddin had accumulated.

1989 - After years of delays, the 63rd Street Tunnel opens for service, the first expansion of the New York City subway system since 1967.

1990 - Carlson Young was born. American actress.

1991 - The American Galileo spacecraft makes its closest approach to 951 Gaspra, becoming the first probe to visit an asteroid.

1992 - The Food and Drug Administration approves Depo Provera for use as a contraceptive in the United States.

1993 - Masahiro Makino dies. Japanese film director.

1994 - Francisco Martin Duran fires over two dozen shots at the White House (Duran was later convicted of trying to kill US President Bill Clinton).

1994 - In Mozambique, Joaquim Chissano and FRELIMO won the elections with majority of votes.

1995 - Terry Southern dies in New York City (b.1924). Writer (Candy, The Magic Christian). He wrote the screenplays for Dr. Strangelove (1964), The Cincinnati Kid (1966), Casino Royale (1967), Easy Rider (1969).

1996 - Graham Swift won the Booker Prize for his comic novel “Last Orders”.

1997 - Anton LaVey dies (b. 1930). American founder of the Church of Satan.

1998 - Apartheid: In South Africa, the Truth and Reconciliation Commission presents its report, which condemns both sides for committing atrocities.

1998 - Space Shuttle Discovery blasts-off with 77-year old John Glenn on board, making him the oldest person to go into space. He became the first American to orbit Earth on February 20, 1962.

1998 – ATSC HDTV broadcasting in the United States is inaugurated with the launch of STS-95 space shuttle mission.

1998 – While en route from Adana to Ankara, a Turkish Airlines flight with a crew of 6 and 33 passengers is hijacked by a Kurdish militant who orders the pilot to fly to Switzerland. The plane instead lands in Ankara after the pilot tricked the hijacker into thinking that he is landing in the Bulgarian capital of Sofia to refuel.

1998 - In Freehold Borough, New Jersey, Melissa Drexler pleads guilty to aggravated manslaughter for killing her baby moments after delivering him in the bathroom at her senior prom, and is sentenced to 15 years imprisonment.

1998 - Hurricane Mitch made landfall in Honduras.

1998 - The Gothenburg nightclub fire: a fire burned a discotheque with hundreds of teenagers and 63 people were killed. In 2000 four young men were sentenced to prison terms of 3-8 years.

1998 - Paul Misraki dies (b. 1908). French songwriter.

1999 - Deadliest Indian Ocean tropical cyclone hits Orissa, India. This event was known as 1999 Orissa cyclone ever since.

1999 - Michel Regnier (Greg) dies (b. 1931). Belgian comic-book writer and artist (Achille Talon).

2002 - Ho Chi Minh City ITC Inferno, a fire destroys a luxurious department store with 1500 people shopping. Over 60 people died and over 100 are missing. It is the deadliest disaster in Vietnam during peacetime.

2002 - Glenn McQueen dies (b. 1960). American animator.

2003 - Franco Corelli dies (b. 1921). Italian tenor.

2003 - Hal Clement dies (b. 1922). American writer.

2004 - The Arabic news network Al Jazeera broadcasts an excerpt from a video of Osama bin Laden in which the terrorist leader first admits direct responsibility for the September 11, 2001 terrorist attacks and references the 2004 U.S. presidential election.

2004 - In Rome, European heads of state sign the Treaty and Final Act establishing the first European Constitution.

2004 - Edward Oliver LeBlanc dies (b. 1923). Dominican politician.

2004 - Jacinto João dies (b. 1944). Portuguese football player (V. Setúbal).

2004 - Peter Twinn dies (b. 1916). English mathematician and World War II code-breaker.

2004 - Vaughn Meader dies (b. 1936). American comedian.

2005 - 29 October 2005 Delhi bombings kill more than 60.

2005 - Ghana International Airlines launched with inaugural flight from Accra to London.

2005 - Alberto Cavaco da Palma dies in Setúbal (b. 13 Jan 1923 in Castro Marim). Portuguese popular poet.