On this day in History - Sep. 13
- 0081 - Roman Emperor Titus dies (b. 0039).
- 0122 - The building of Hadrian's Wall begins.
- 0490 - Battle of Marathon
- 0533 - General Belisarius and the Roman Empire defeats Gelimer and the Vandals at the Battle of Ad Decimium.
- 0604 - Pope Sabinianus is consecrated.
- 1087 - John II Comnenus was born (d. 1143). Byzantine Emperor.
- 1213 – Ending of Battle of Muret, during the Albigensian Crusade to destroy the Cathar heresy.
- 1224 - Francis of Assisi is afflicted with stigmata.
- 1276 - Pedro Julião, bispo português mas também médico e matemático, é eleito papa com o nome de João XXI.
- 1438 - King Duarte of Portugal dies (b. 1391).
- 1440 - Gilles de Rais is taken into custody upon an accusation brought against him by the Bishop of Nantes.
- 1475 - Cesare Borgia was born (d. 1507). Italian aristocrat.
- 1502 - John Leland was born (d. 1552). English antiquarian.
- 1503 - Michelangelo begins work on his David.
- 1504 – Queen Isabella and King Ferdinand issue a Royal Warrant for the construction of a Royal Chapel (Capilla Real) to be built.
- 1506 - Andrea Mantegna dies. Italian painter.
- 1520 - William Cecil, 1st Baron Burghley was born (d. 1598). English statesman.
- 1584 – San Lorenzo del Escorial Palace in Madrid is finished.
- 1592 - Michel de Montaigne dies (b. 1533). French writer (Essais).
- 1598 - King Philip II of Spain and I of Portugal dies (b. 1526) and Philip III succeeds him.
- 1604 - William Brereton was born (d. 1661). English soldier and politician.
- 1609 - Henry Hudson reached the river that would later be named after him - the Hudson River.
- 1632 - Archduke Leopold V of Austria dies (b. 1586). Regent of the Tyrol.
- 1640 - Maria de Jesus Lopez Rivas dies in Toledo (b. 18 Aug 1560). Spanish saint (beatificada em 14/11/1976).
- 1657 - Jacob Van Campen dies. Dutch architect and painter.
- 1694 – Yeongjo of Joseon was born (d. 1776). Ruler of Korea.
- 1739 - Grigori Potemkin was born (d. 1791). Russian statesman.
- 1758 - Attempted against King José I in Portugal. /Atentado contra D. José I (rei de Portugal 1750-1777).
- 1759 - Battle of the Plains of Abraham: British defeat French near Quebec City in the Seven Years' War, known in the United States as the French and Indian War.
- 1759 - James Wolfe dies (b. 1727). British general.
- 1765 - Tremor de terra em Lisboa, de menor intensidade que o verificado no dia 1 de Janeiro.
- 1775 - Laura Secord was born (d. 1868). Canadian heroine of the War of 1812.
- 1788 - New York City becomes the first United States capital.
- 1788 - The United States Constitutional Convention sets the date for the first American presidential election, and New York City becomes the temporary capital of the US.
- 1802 - Arnold Ruge was born (d. 1880). German philosopher and political writer.
- 1806 - Charles James Fox dies (b. 1749). English politician.
- 1808– Finnish War: In the Battle of Jutas, Swedish forces under Lieutenant General Georg Carl von Döbeln beat the Russians, making von Döbeln a Swedish war hero.
- 1812 – War of 1812: A supply wagon sent to relieve Fort Harrison is ambushed in the Attack at the Narrows.
- 1813 - John Sedgwick was born (d. 1864). American Civil War general.
- 1814 – The British fail to capture Baltimore, Maryland. Turning point in the War of 1812.
- 1814 - Francis Scott Key writes The Star-Spangled Banner.
- 1819 - Clara Schumann was born (d. 1896). German pianist and composer.
- 1830 - Marie von Ebner-Eschenbach was born (d. 1916). Austrian writer.
- 1842 - Guglielmo Ciardi was born (d. 1917). Italian painter.
- 1842 - John H. Bankhead was born (d. 1920). U.S. Senator.
- 1847 - Mexican-American War: Six teenage military cadets known as Niños Héroes died defending the Chapultepec Castle in the Battle of Chapultepec. American General Winfield Scott captures Mexico City in the Mexican-American War.
- 1848 – Vermont railroad worker Phineas Gage incredibly survives a 3-foot-plus iron rod being driven through his head; the reported effects on his behavior and personality stimulate thinking about the nature of the brain and its functions.
- 1850 – First ascent of Piz Bernina, the highest summit of the eastern Alps.
- 1851 - Walter Reed was born (d. 1902). American physician and biologist.
- 1857 - Milton S. Hershey was born (d. 1945). American chocolate entrepreneur.
- 1857 - Michał Drzymała was born (d. 1937). Polish peasant rebel.
- 1860 - John J. Pershing was born (d. 1948). American general.
- 1862 - American Civil War: Union soldiers find Robert E. Lee's battle plans in a field outside Frederick, Maryland.
- 1863 - Arthur Henderson was born ( † 1935). British politician and union leader. 1934 Nobel Prize in Peace.
- 1871 - António Maria de Fontes Pereira de Melo becomes Prime-Minister in Portugal.
- 1872 - Ludwig Andreas Feuerbach dies (b. 1804). German philosopher.
- 1873 - Constantin Carathéodory was born (d. 1950). Greek mathematician.
- 1874 - Arnold Schoenberg was born (d. 1951). Composer.
- 1874 - Henry Fountain Ashurst was born (d. 1962). American politician.
- 1876 - Sherwood Anderson was born (d. 1941). American writer.
- 1877 - Stanley Lord was born (d. 1962). Captain of the SS Californian the night of the Titanic disaster.
- 1877 - Wilhelm Filchner was born (d. 1957). German explorer.
- 1877 - Morre, em Vale de Lobos, Alexandre Herculano (n. Lisboa, 28 Mar 1810). Historiador e poeta português (A Voz do Profeta», 1836, «A Harpa do Crente», 1838, «Cartas sobre a História de Portugal», 1842, «Apontamentos para a História dos Bens da Coroa e Forais», 1843-44, «O Bobo», 1843, «Eurico», 1844, «O Pároco da Aldeia», 1844, «História de Portugal», 1846-47-50-53, «Eu e o Clero, Considerações Pacíficas», 1850, «História da Origem e Estabelecimento da Inquisição em Portugal», 1854-59). Quanto à sua colaboração em jornais políticos, está reunida numa colecção de «Opúsculos», que foi publicada a partir de 1873.
- 1881 - Ambrose Burnside dies (b. 1824). American Civil War general and politician.
- 1882 - The important Battle of Tel al-Kebir is fought in the 1882 Anglo-Egyptian War.
- 1882 - Ramón Grau was born (d- 1969). Cuban president.
- 1882 - Antonio Rodrigues Sampaio dies (b. 1806). Portuguese journalist and politician / Morre António Rodrigues Sampaio (n. 25 Jul 1806). Jornalista e político português.
- 1885 - Wilhelm Blaschke was born. Austro-Hungarian geometer.
- 1885 - Aquilino Riibeiro was born (d. 1963). Portuguese writer. / Nascimento, em Carregal de Tabosa, Sernancelhe, de Aquilino Ribeiro (m. 1963). Escritor português.
- 1885 - Friedrich Kiel dies (b. 1821). Austrian composer.
- 1886 - Amelie Beese was born (d. 1925). German aviator and sculptor.
- 1886 - Sir Robert Robinson was born (d. 1975). Chemist, 1947 Nobel Prize laureate.
- 1887 - Lavoslav Ruzicka was born (d. 1976). Croatian chemist, 1939 Nobel Prize laureate.
- 1893 - Larry Shields was born (d. 1953). American jazz musician.
- 1894 - J.B. Priestley was born (d. 1984). Playwright and novelist.
- 1894 - Julian Tuwim was born (d. 1953). Polish poet.
- 1894 - Emmanuel Chabrier dies (b. 1841). French composer.
- 1895 - Morris Kirksey was born (d. 1981). American athlete and rugby player.
- 1899 - Mackinder, Ollier and Brocherel make the first ascent of Batian (5,199m - 17,058 ft), the highest peak of Mount Kenya.
- 1900 - Filipino resistance fighters defeat a small American column in the Battle of Pulang Lupa, during the Philippine-American War.
- 1903 - Claudette Colbert was born (d. 1996). French actress who won an Oscar for "It Happened One Night."
- 1906 - First fixed-wing aircraft flight in Europe.
- 1911 - Bill Monroe was born (d. 1996). Singer (Bluegrass band).
- 1911 - Raimundo Correia dies (b. 1859). Brazilian poet and diplomat./ Morre Raimundo da Mota de Azevedo Correia (n. 13 Mai 1859). Poeta e diplomata brasileiro. Constitui com Alberto de Oliveira e Olavo Bilac a tríade de mestres do parnasianismo brasileiro.
- 1912 - Maresuke Nogi dies (b. 1849). Japanese general.
- 1914 - During World War I, South African troops open hostilities in German south-west Africa (Namibia) with an assault on the Ramansdrift police station.
- 1915 - Andrew L. Harris dies (b. 1835). American Civil War hero and Governor of Ohio.
- 1916 - Roald Dahl was born in Llandaff, Wales (d. 1990). Writer (Charlie and the Chocolate Factory).
- 1917 - Adhemar Alves da Nóbrega was born. Brazilian musicologist.
- 1917 - Robert Ward was born. American composer.
- 1918 - Dick Haymes was born (d. 1980). Argentine vocalist.
- 1922 - The temperature (in the shade) at Al 'Aziziyah, Libya reaches a world record 57.7°C (135.9°F).
- 1922 – The final act of the Greco-Turkish War, the Great Fire of Smyrna, commences.
- 1922 - Charles Brown was born (d. 1999). American blues singer and pianist.
- 1923 - Aurelio Fierro was born (d. 2005). Italian singer.
- 1923 - Edouard Boubat was born. French photographer.
- 1923 - Natália Correia weas born (d. 1993). Portuguese poet and politician. / Nasce em Fajã de Baixo, na ilha de S. Miguel, Açores, Natália Correia (m. 16 Mar 1993). Escritora e política portuguesa.
- 1923 - Alceu Wamosi dies (b. 1895). Brazilian poet and politician / Morre, em Livramento (RS) Alceu de Freitas Wamosi (n. 14 Fev 1895). Poeta, jornalista e político brasileiro. Foi um dos últimos simbolistas.
- 1924 - Maurice Jarre was born. Composer. (Dr. Zhivago-Academy Award 1966).
- 1925 - Mel Tormé was born (d. 1999). American singer.
- 1925 - Amilcar Salomón Zorilla was born. Peruvian painter.
- 1926 - Emile Francis was born. Canadian ice hockey player and executive.
- 1927 - Laura Cardoso was born. Brazilian actress.
- 1927 - Lenita Miranda de Figueiredo was born in S. Paulo. Brazilian journalist, writer and painter.
- 1928 - Italo Svevo dies (b. 1861). Italian author.
- 1929 - Nicolai Ghiaurov was born (d. 2004). Bulgarian opera singer.
- 1930 - Robert Gavron, Baron Gavron was born. British printing millionaire.
- 1931 - Barbara Bain was born. American actress.
- 1932 - Antônio Abujamra was born. Brazilian actor.
- 1933 – Elizabeth McCombs is the first woman elected to the New Zealand Parliament.
- 1933 - Eileen Fulton was born. American actress.
- 1935 - Rockslide near Whirlpool Rapids Bridge ends the Great Gorge and International Railway.
- 1936 - Dorita Castel-Branco was born. Portuguese sculptor.
- 1937 - Don Bluth was born. American animator.
- 1938 - John Smith was born. Scottish politiican, Labour Party Leader (1992 - 1994).
- 1938 - Judith Martin ("Miss Manners") was born. Etiquette writer.
- 1939 - Richard Kiel was born. American actor.
- 1940 - Óscar Árias was born. Costa Rican politician, recipient of the 1987 Nobel Peace Prize and Prize Príncipe de Astúrias for his contribution for Peace in Central America.
- 1941 - David Clayton-Thomas was born. Canadian singer (Blood, Sweat & Tears).
- 1941 - Tadao Ando was born. Japanese archictect.
- 1942 - World War II: Second day of the Battle of Edson's Ridge in the Guadalcanal campaign. U.S. Marines successfully defeated attacks by the Imperial Japanese Army with heavy losses for the Japanese forces.
- 1943 – The Municipal Theatre of Corfu is destroyed during an aerial bombardment by Luftwaffe.
- 1944 - Jacqueline Bisset was born. British actress ( Rich and Famous, The Deep, Airport, Bullitt, Wild Orchid, Murder on the Orient Express, Choices).
- 1944 - Peter Cetera was born. American singer and bass guitarist (Chicago).
- 1945 - Noël Godin was born. Belgian humorist.
- 1945 - Andres Küng was born (d. 2002). Swedish-Estonian politician, journalist.
- 1946 - Frank Marshall was born. American film producer.
- 1948 - Margaret Chase Smith is elected senator, and becomes the first woman to serve in both the U.S. House of Representatives and the United States Senate
- 1948 - Dimitri Nanopoulos was born. Greek physicist.
- 1948 - Nell Carter was born (d. 2003). American actress and singer.
- 1949 - August Krogh dies. Danish zoologist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1920.
- 1949 - Fred Sonic Smith was born (d. 1994). American musician (MC5)
- 1949 - Itamar Assumpção was born (d. 2003). Brazilian musician.
- 1950 - Wlodzimierz Cimoszewicz was born. Polish politician
- 1951 - Jean Smart was born. American actress
- 1951 - Linda Wong was born (d. 1987). Asian adult actress.
- 1952 - Raymond O'Connor was born. American actor
- 1952 - Randy Jones was born. Musician (The Village People)
- 1952 - Don Was was born. American singer and composer.
- 1952 - Raymond O'Connor was born. American actor.
- 1956 - The dike around the Dutch polder East Flevoland is closed.
- 1957 - John G. Trueschler was born. American politician.
- 1959 - Hector Fuentes was born. Argentinian artist.
- 1960 - Leo Weiner dies at 75. Hungarian composer (Toldi)
- 1961 - Dave Mustaine was born. Musician (Megadeth)
- 1964 – South Vietnamese Generals Lam Van Phat and Duong Van Duc failed in a coup attempt against General Nguyen Khanh.
- 1965 - Zak Starkey was born. British musician.
- 1965 - Willie Mays becomes the fifth member of the 500 home run club with a home run at the Astrodome in Houston, Texas.
- 1965 - The Beatles released "Yesterday".
- 1967 - Michael Johnson was born. American track and field athlete.
- 1968 - Emma Sjöberg was born. Swedish model and actress.
- 1969 - The premiere episode of Scooby-Doo, Where Are You?
- 1969 - Shane Warne was born. Australian cricketer.
- 1969 - Daniel Fonseca was born. Uruguayan football player.
- 1970 - First running of the New York City Marathon
- 1970 – Jason Bourne was born. Fictional character.
- 1970 – Jason Scott Sadofsky was born. American programmer.
- 1970 – Louise Lombard was born. British actress.
- 1970 – Martín Herrera was born. Argentine footballer.
- 1970 – Yuki Matsuoka was born. Japanese voice actress.
- 1971 - State police and National Guardsmen storm New York's Attica Prison to end a prison revolt. 42 people die in the assault.
- 1971 – People's Republic of China, Chairman Mao Zedong's second in command and successor Marshal Lin Biao fled the country via a plane after the failure of alleged coup against the supreme leader, the plane crashed in Mongolia, killing all aboard.
- 1971 - Frank Robinson becomes the 11th member of the 500 home run club with a home run at Memorial Stadium in Baltimore, Maryland.
- 1971 - Goran Ivanisevic was born. Croatian tennis player.
- 1971 – Manabu Namiki was born. Japanese composer.
- 1971 - Stella McCartney was born. British fashion designer.
- 1973 - Christine Arron was born. French runner.
- 1973 - Fabio Cannavaro was born. Italian football player
- 1973 - Betty Field dies (b. 1913). American actress.
- 1977 - Leopold Stokowski dies (b. 1882). English conductor.
- 1977 - Fiona Apple was born. American singer.
- 1977 - Ivan De Battista was born. Maltese actor, singer and composer.
- 1977 - Daisuke Tsuda was born. Japanese singer (Maximum the Hormone).
- 1979 - South Africa grants independence to the "homeland" of Venda (not recognized outside South Africa).
- 1980 - Viren Rasquinha was born. Indian hockey team member
- 1980 - Ben Savage was born. Actor.
- 1981 - In the 33rd Emmy Awards winners included Taxi, Hill St Blue, Judd Hirsh & Isabel Sanford.
- 1982 - Nenê was born. Brazilian basketball player.
- 1983 - Sergio Parisse was born. Italian rugby player.
- 1984 - Shimon Peres formed an Israeli government with Likud
- 1985 - The popular Super Mario Bros. video game is released by Nintendo.
- 1986 - Jesús Bermúdez Pareja dies. Spanish archaelogist.
- 1987 - Goiânia accident: A radioactive object is stolen from an abandoned hospital in Goiânia, Brazil, contaminating many people in the following weeks and leading some to die from radiation poisoning.
- 1987 - Mervyn LeRoy dies. American film director.
- 1988 - Hurricane Gilbert is the strongest recorded hurricane in the Western Hemisphere (based on barometric pressure)
- 1991 - Portugal: Fica concluída a auto-estrada Lisboa-Porto, com a abertura do último troço entre Torres Novas e Condeixa.
- 1991 - Metin Oktay dies (b. 1936). Turkish football player.
- 1991 - Joe Pasternak dies (b. 1901). American film director.
- 1992 - Stefan Edberg defeated Pete Sampras to win the U.S. Open title in New York, a day after Monica Seles beat Arantxa Sanchez Vicario to win her seventh Grand Slam title.
- 1993 - Public unveiling of the Oslo Accords, an Israeli-Palestinian peace agreement initiated by Norway.
- 1994 - Ulysses probe passes the Sun's south pole.
- 1996 - After surviving for six days, rapper/actor Tupac Shakur died after being shot four times in a drive by shooting in Las Vegas.
- 1996 - Tupac Shakur dies. American rapper and actor.
- 1997 - Katherine Shindle of Illinois was crowned Miss America in Atlantic City, N.J.
- 1998 - George Wallace dies. American politician.
- 1998 - Yang Shangkun dies. President of China (1988-1993).
- 1999 - Benjamin Bloom dies (b. 1913). American educational theorist.
- 1999 - Roland Blanche dies. French actor.
- 2001 - Dorothy McGuire dies (b. 1916). American actress.
- 2001 - Civilian airplane traffic in the U.S., which had been grounded following the September 11, 2001 attacks, is allowed to resume.
- 2003 - Frank O'Bannon dies (b. 1930). Governor of Indiana.
- 2004 - In Afghanistan, 22 insurgents believed to be members of the Taleban and al-Qaeda are killed in the province of Zabul. Zabul Province is widely regarded as a Taleban stronghold.
- 2005 - Julio César Turbay Ayala dies (b. 1916). Colombian politician.
- 2005 - Toni Fritsch dies (b. 1945). Austrian soccer and American football player.
- 2006 - At Dawson College (Montreal), Kimveer Gill kills one student and wounds 19 others before committing suicide.
- 2006 - Ann Richards dies (b. 1933). 46th Governor of Texas.
- 2007 – The Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples was adopted.
- 2007 - Clare Oliver dies (b. 1981). Australian Cancer Activist.
- 2007 - Whakahuihui Vercoe dies (b. 1928). New Zealand clergyman.
- 2008 - Hurricane Ike makes landfall on the Texas Gulf Coast of the United States, causing heavy damage to Galveston Island, Houston and surrounding areas.
- RC Saints - St John Chrysostom.
- Día de los Niños Héroes (Mexico).
- Epulum Jovis, celebrated on the Ides of September, during the Ludi Romani. (Roman Empire).
- Programmers' Day, during a non-leap year. (Russia and programmers around the world).
- Brasil: Dia do Agrónomo.
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