Nothingandall: On this day in History

30 BC - Octavian (later known as Augustus) enters Alexandria, Egypt, bringing it under the control of the Roman Republic.
10 BC - Claudius (Tiberius Claudius Nero Caesar Drusus) was born (d. 0054). Roman emperor.
0067 - As legiões romanas comandadas pelo imperador romano Tito ocupam Jerusalém e começam a destruir o Templo.
0126 - Publius Helvius Pertinax was born (d. 0193). Roman Emperor.
0371 - St Eusebius of Vercelli dies (b. c. 0283). Italian bishop.
0432 - Pope Celestine I dies.
0527 - Justinian I becomes Byzantine Emperor after the death of Emperor Justin I (Flavius Iustinos) died on this day (b. c. 0540).
0607 - Ono no Imoko is dispatched as envoy to the Sui court in China (Traditional Japanese date: July 3, 607).
0902 - Taormina, the last Byzantine stronghold in Sicily, is captured by the Aghlabid army.
1137 - King Louis VI of France dies (b. 1081)
1203 - Isaac II Angelus, restored Eastern Roman Emperor, declares his son Alexius IV Angelus co-emperor after pressure from the forces of the Ciaran Fourth Crusade.
1227 - Shimazu Tadahisa dies (b. 1179). The first of Shimazu clan and Japanese warlord.
1291 - The Swiss Confederation is formed with the signature of the Federal Charter.
1313 - Emperor Kogon of Japan was born (d. 1364).
1377 - Emperor Go-Komatsu of Japan was born (d. 1433).
1402 - Edmund of Langley, 1st Duke of York dies (b. 1341). Son of Edward III of England.
1457 - Lorenzo Valla dies (b. c. 1406). Italian humanist.
1461 - Edward IV is crowned king of England.
1464 - Cosimo de' Medici dies (b. 1386). Ruler of Florence.
1492 - Ferdinand and Isabella drive the Jews out of Spain.
1498 - Christopher Columbus becomes the first European to visit Venezuela.
1541 - Simon Grynaeus dies (b. 1493). German theologian.
1545 - Andrew Melville was born (d. 1622). Scottish theologian and religious reformer.
1546 - Peter Faber dies (b. 1506). French Jesuit theologian.
1555 - Edward Kelley was born (d. 1597). English spirit medium.
1557 - Olaus Magnus dies (b. 1490). Swedish writer.
1579 - Luís Vélez de Guevara was born (d. 1644). Spanish writer.
1580 - Albrecht Giese dies (b. 1524). German politician and diplomat.
1589 - Henry III of France stabbed by an assassin: King Henry III of France was stabbed by Jacques Clément, a Jacobin friar, and died the next day after acknowledging his Bourbon ally, Henry of Navarre (Henry IV), a Huguenot, as his successor.
1589 - Jacques Clément dies (b. 1567). French assassin of Henry III of France.
1598 - Abraham Ortelius dies (b. 1527). Belgian cartographer.
1619 - First African slaves arrive in Jamestown, Virginia.
1630 - Thomas Clifford was born (d. 1673). 1st Baron Clifford of Chudleigh, English statesman.
1664 - The Ottoman Empire is defeated in the Battle of Saint Gotthard by an Austrian army led by Raimondo Montecuccoli, resulting in the Peace of Vasvár.
1675 - Weetamoo dies. Sachem of Pocasetts, a band of the Wamponoag Indians her death winding up the end of King Philip's War

1713 - Charles I, Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg was born (d. 1780).

1714 - Richard Wilson was born (d. 1782). Welsh painter.

1714 - Queen Anne of Great Britain dies (b. 1665). George I, of the House of Hanover succedeed her.

1738 - Jacques François Dugommier was born (d. 1794). French general.

1743 - Richard Savage (the subject of one of the best short biographies in English, Samuel Johnson's Account of the Life of Mr Richard Savage -1744), dies in Bristol.

1744 - Jean-Baptiste Lamarck was born (d. 1829). French scientist.

1770 - William Clark was born (d. 1838). American explorer.

1774 - The element oxygen is discovered by Carl Wilhelm and Joseph Priestley.

1776 - Formal signing of the United States Declaration of Independence.

1779 - Francis Scott Key was born (d. 1843). American lawyer and lyricist.

1779 - Lorenz Oken was born (d. 1851). German naturalist.

1787 - Alphonsus Liguori dies (b. 1696). Italian founder of the Redemptionist order.

1794 - The Whiskey Rebellion begins in Pennsylvania.

1796 - Robert Pigot dies (b. 1720). British army officer.

1798 - French Revolutionary Wars: Battle of the Nile (Battle of Aboukir Bay) - Battle begins when a British fleet under the command of Rear-Admiral Horatio Nelson engages the French Revolutionary Navy fleet under the command of Vice-Admiral François-Paul Brueys d'Aigalliers in an unusual night action.

1798 - François-Paul Brueys D'Aigalliers is killed in battle (b. 1753). French admiral.

1800 - The Act of Union 1800 is passed in which merges the Kingdom of Great Britain and the Kingdom of Ireland into the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland.

1808 - Começa a Guerra Peninsular com o desembarque do Duque de Wellington em Portugal

1812 - Yakov Kulnev is killed in battle (b. 1763). Russian general (killed in battle)

1815 - Richard Henry Dana, Jr. was born in Cambridge, Massachusetts (d. 1882). American lawyer, politician, and author (Two Years Before the Mast).

1818 - Maria Mitchell was born (d. 1889). American astronomer.

1819 - Herman Melville was born (d. 1891). American writer (Moby Dick).

1819 - Nascimento de Manuel José Gonçalves Couto, missionário pedâneo, autor da Missão Abreviada.

1820 - London's Regent's Canal opens.

1826 - Francisco Manuel Trigoso de Aragão Morato toma posse como ministro do reino de Portugal, substituindo José Correia de Lacerda.

1828 - Bolton and Leigh Railway opens to freight traffic.

1831 - London Bridge opens.

1831 - Tomás António Ribeiro was born. Portuguese politician and writer.

1832 - The Black Hawk War ends.

1832 - Victor Meirelles de Lima was born. Brazilian painter.

1834 - Slavery is abolished in the British Empire.

1837 - Mother Jones was born (d. 1930). American labor organizer.

1838 - Slaves in Trinidad and Tobago are emancipated.

1838 - Queen Victoria I of England is crowned.

1842 - Lombard Street Riot erupts

1843 - Robert Todd Lincoln was born (d. 1926). Son of Abraham Lincoln; United States Secretary of War

1851 - William Joseph Behr dies (b. 1775). German writer.

1858 - Gaston Doumergue was born (d. 1937). French President.

1858 - Hans Rott was born (d. 1884). Austrian composer.

1864 - The Elgin Watch Company is founded in Elgin, Illinois

1866 - John Ross (aka. Kooweskoowe) dies (b. 1790). Principal Chief of the Cherokee Nation.

1871 - John Lester was born (d. 1969). American cricketer.

1876 - Colorado is admitted as the 38th U.S. state.

1881 - Otto Toeplitz was born (d. 1940). German mathematician.

1881 - Rose Macaulay was born in Rugby, Warwickshire. Author of novels and travel books [ Potterism (1920), Dangerous Ages (1921), Told by an Idiot (1923), Crewe Train (1926), Keeping Up Appearances (1928)].

1885 - George de Hevesy was born (d. 1966). Hungarian chemist, Nobel Prize laureate.

1889 - Walter Gerlach was born (d. 1979). German physicist.

1889 - Maria Mitchell dies. American astronomer

1891 - Karl Kobelt was born (d. 1968). Swiss politician.

1893 - King Alexander I of Greece was born (d. 1920).

1894 - The First Sino-Japanese War erupts between Japan and China over Korea.

1894 - Ottavio Bottecchia was born (d. 1927). Italian cyclist.

1901 - Pancho Villa was born (d. 1925). Filipino world boxing champion.

1902 - The United States buys the rights to the Panama Canal from France.

1903 - Portugal: Boavista Football Club is founded / É fundado o Boavista Futebol Clube.

1903 - Calamity Jane dies (b. 1853). American frontierswoman.

1907 - First Scout camp opens on Brownsea Island.

1910 - James Henry Govier was born (d. 1974). British artist.

1910 - Walter Scharf was born (d,. 2003). American composer.

1912 - Henry Jones was born (d. 1999). American actor.

1914 - Germany declares war on Russia at the opening of World War I.

1914 - J. Lee Thompson was born (d. 2002). British film director.

1916 - Anne Hébert was born (d. 2000). French Canadian author and poet.

1917 - Frank Little dies lynched. (b. 1879). American labor organizer.

1918 - John Riley Banister dies (b. 1854). American cowboy and Texas Ranger.

1919 - The flag of Poland, as it is today, is adopted.

1920 - Bal Gangadhar Tilak dies (b. 1856). Indian nationalist leader.

1921 - Jack Kramer was born. American tennis player

1922 - Arthur Hill was born. Canadian Tony Award-winning actor.

1922 - Pat McDonald was born (d. 1990). Australian actress.

1924 - Johanna Döbereiner, scientist, receives the Science Prize Bernardo Houssay, from OEA (Organización de Estados Americanos).

1924 - Georges Charpak was born. Ukrainian-born physicist, Nobel Prize laureate

1924 - Marcia Mae Jones was born (d. 2007). American actress.

1925 - Domingos Leite Pereira sworn as Prime-Minister of Portugal/ Domingos Leite Pereira toma posse como primeiro-ministro de Portugal, substituindo António Maria da Silva.

1925 - Ernst Jandl was born (d. 2000). Austrian writer.

1926 - Theo Adam was born. German bass-baritone

1926 - Israel Zangwill dies (b. 1864). English writer.

1927 - The Nanchang Uprising marks the first significant battle in the Chinese Civil War between the Kuomintang and Communist Party of China. This day is commemorated as the anniversary of the founding of the People's Liberation Army.

1927 - Raymond Leppard was born. English conductor.

1929 - Ann Calvello was born (d. 2006). Roller Derby Queen.

1929 - Syd Gregory dies (b. 1870). Australian cricketer.

1930 - Julie Bovasso was born (d. 1991). American actor and writer.

1930 - Pierre Bourdieu was born (d. 2002). French sociologist.

1930 - Lionel Bart was born (d. 1999). English song-writer.

1931 - Tom Wilson was born. American cartoonist.

1932 - Meena Kumari was born (d. 1972). Indian film actress.

1932 - Meir Kahane was born (d. 1990). American founder of the Jewish Defense League

1933 - António Osório de Castro was born in Setúbal. Portuguese poet.

1933 - Dom DeLuise was born. American actor and comedian.

1933 - Jesse Corti was borm. Venezuelan-born actor and comedian.

1933 - Masaichi Kaneda was born. Japanese baseball player.

1933 - Dušan Třeštík was born (d. 2007). Czech historian.

1935 - Inauguração oficial das transmissões da Emissora Nacional de Radiodifusão, actual RDP

1936 - Olympic Games: Summer Olympic Games - The Games of the XI Olympiad open in Berlin.

1936 - Yves Saint Laurent was born. French fashion designer.

1937 - Tito reads the resolution "Manifesto of constitutional congress of KPH" to the constitutive congress of KPH (Croatian Communist Party) in woods near Samobor.

1937 - Al D'Amato was born. U.S. Senator from New York .

1939 - Synthetic vitamin K was produced for the first time.

1940 - John F. Kennedy's Why England Slept, a critical account of the British military that became a best seller, was published.

1941 - The first Jeep is produced.

1941 - Étienne Roda-Gil was born (d. 2004). French songwriter and screenwriter.

1941 - Ney Matogrosso was born. Brazilian musician.

1942 - André Gagnon was born. Quebec pianist and composer.

1942 - Giancarlo Giannini was born. Italian actor.

1942 - Jerry Garcia was born (d. 1995). American musician (The Grateful Dead) .

1942 - Sjoukje Dijkstra was born. Dutch figure skater.

1944 - Anne Frank makes the last entry in her diary.

1944 - Warsaw Uprising against the Nazi occupation breaks out in Warsaw, Poland.

1945 - Mel Ott becomes the third member of the 500 home run club with a home run at the Polo Grounds in New York, New York.

1945 - Douglas D. Osheroff was born. American physicist, Nobel Prize laureate.

1945 - Sandi Griffiths was born. American singer, The Lawrence Welk Show

1946 - Fiona Stanley was born. Australian epidemiologist

1946 - Boz Burrell was born (d. 2006). British bass guitarist (King Crimson - Bad Company)

1946 - The Japanese Federation of Trade Unions is formed.

1947 - Chris L. Barnard was born. Welsh footballer.

1947 - Dennis Zine was born. Los Angeles City Councilman.

1948 - The U.S. Air Force Office of Special Investigations is founded.

1949 - Kurmanbek Bakiyev was born. President of Kyrgyzstan

1950 - Jim Carroll was born. American poet and actor.

1951 - Tommy Bolin was born (d. 1976). American guitarist.

1951 - Pete Mackanin was born. American baseball player

1952 - Bruna Lombardi was born. Brazilian model, actress and writer

1952 - Zoran Đinđić was born (d. 2003). Prime Minister of Serbia

1953 - Robert Cray was born. American singer

1953 - Charles Gilpin was born (d. 1998). American Scientist.

1953 - Howard Kurtz was born. American journalist.

1953 - Robert Cray was born. Blues singer.

1955 - Trevor Berbick was born. Jamaican boxer.

1956 - Tom Leykis was born. American radio personality.

1957 - The United States and Canada form the North American Air Defense Command (NORAD).

1958 - Adrian Dunbar was born. Northern Irish actor

1958 - Rob Buck was born (d. 2000). American musician (10,000 Maniacs).

1958 - Ilídio José Ramos Vieira da Silva was born in Valbom, Gondomar. Portuguese economist.

1958 - Tor Håkon Holte was born. Norwegian cross country skier.

1958 - Kiki Vandeweghe was born. American basketball player.

1958 - Michael Penn was born. American singer and songwriter.

1959 - Joe Elliott was born. English musician (Def Leppard).

1959 - Otomo Yoshihide was born. Japanese musician.

1960 - Dahomey (later renamed Benin) declares independence from France.

1960 - Communist Party of Independence and Work is banned in Senegal.

1960 - Islamabad declared as the federal capital of the Government of Pakistan.

1960 - Chuck D was born. American rapper (Public Enemy)

1960 - Felipe Camargo was born. Brazilian actor.

1960 - Richard Roeper was born. American newspaper columnist and film critic

1961 - Six Flags Over Texas, the first Six Flags park, opens.

1962 - Jacob Matlala was born. South African boxer.

1962 - Robert Clift was born. British field hockey player.

1963 - Coolio was born. American rapper.

1963 - Dean Wareham was born. New Zealand musician (Galaxie 500, Luna, Dean and Britta)

1963 - Demián Bichir was born. Mexican actor.

1963 - John Carroll Lynch was born. American actor.

1964 - The Republic of the Congo (the former Belgian Congo, not to be confused with Congo-Brazzaville) is renamed Democratic Republic of the Congo.

1964 - Adam Duritz was born. American musician (Counting Crows)

1964 - Johnny Burnette dies (b. 1934). American singer.

1965 - Princess Beatrix of the Netherlands announces her engagement to Claus von Amsberg.

1965 - Sam Mendes was born. British stage and film director.

1966 - Charles Whitman kills 15 people shooting from a tower at the University of Texas in Austin, in the United States, before being killed by the police.

1966 - Purges of intellectuals and imperialists becomes official People's Republic of China policy at the beginning of the Cultural Revolution.

1967 - Israel annexes East Jerusalem.

1967 - Gregg Jefferies was born. American baseball player

1967 - Richard Kuhn dies (b. 1900). Austrian chemist, 1938 Nobel Prize laureate.

1968 - The coronation is held of Hassanal Bolkiah, the 29th Sultan of Brunei.

1968 - Dan Donegan was born. American musician (Disturbed).

1968 - Stacey Augmon was born. American basketball player.

1969 - Kevin Jarvis was born. American baseball player.

1970 - Powder Ridge Rock Festival.

1970 - David James was born. English footballer.

1970 - Frances Farmer dies (b. 1913). American actress.

1970 - Otto Heinrich Warburg dies (b. 1883). German physicist. Nobel Prize for Medicina in 1931.

1971 - George Harrison's Concert for Bangladesh in New York City features, among others, Bob Dylan, Eric Clapton, Ringo Starr and Leon Russell.

1971 - Concert for Bangladesh.

1972 - Devon Hughes was born. American professional wrestler.

1972 - Nicke Royale was born. Swedish musician (The Hellacopters).

1972 - Tanya Reid was born. Canadian actress

1973 - Tempestt Bledsoe was born. American actress.

1973 - Gian Francesco Malipiero dies (b. 1882). Italian composer.

1973 - Walter Ulbricht dies (b. 1893). German communist statesman.

1974 - Beckie Scott was born. Canadian cross-country skiing athlete.

1974 - Ildebrando Antoniutti dies (b. 1898). Italian Catholic cardinal.

1975 - CSCE Final Act creates the Conference for Security and Co-operation in Europe.

1976 - XXI Olympic Games begin in Montreal, Canada.

1976 - Lauda fights for life after Grand Prix crash : F1 racing driver Niki Lauda is in a critical condition in hospital after crashing at the German Grand Prix.

1976 - Nwankwo Kanu was born. Nigerian footballer.

1976 - Kevin Joseph was born. American baseball player.

1977 - Former Lockheed U-2 pilot Francis Gary Powers crashes the news helicopter he was flying in Los Angeles

1977 - Frank H.T. Rhodes is elected President of Cornell University, a post he would hold for 18 years.

1977 - Marc Denis was born. Canadian ice hockey player.

1977 - Damien Saez was born. French Musician, Songwriter, & Author.

1977 - D. Manuel Gonçalves Cerejeira (Cardinal Cerejeira) dies (b. 1888). Portuguese Cardinal / Morre o Cardeal Cerejeira (D. Manuel Gonçalves Cerejeira) (n. 29 Nov. 1888). Cardeal patriarca de Lisboa.

1977 - Gary Powers dies (b. 1929). American spy plane pilot.

1978 - Edgerrin James was born. American football player.

1978 - Dhani Harrison was born. British musician.

1979 - Maria de Lourdes Pintasilgo becomes the firsty woman to bePrime- Monister in Portugal / Maria de Lourdes Pintassilgo torna-se a primeira mulher a ocupar o cargo de primeiro-ministro de Portugal, substituindo Carlos de Mota Pinto.

1979 - Junior Agogo was born. Ghanan footballer.

1979 - Jason Momoa was born. American actor.

1980 - Buttevant Rail Disaster kills 18 and injures dozens of train passengers in Ireland.

1980 - Alessandro Faiolhe Amantino Mancini was born. Brazilian footballer.

1980 - Patrick Depailler dies (b. 1944). French Formula 1 driver.

1980 - Strother Martin dies (b. 1919). American actor.

1980 - Murillo Araujo dies (b. 1894). Brazilian poet.

1981 - MTV begins broadcasting in the United States and airs its first video, "Video Killed The Radio Star" by the Buggles.

1981 - Taylor Fry was born. American actress.

1981 - Stephen Hunt was born. Irish footballer.

1981 - Paddy Chayefsky dies (b. 1923). American writer.

1982 - Ai Tominaga was born. Japanese model and actress

1984 - Bastian Schweinsteiger was born. German footballer.

1984 - Valery Ortiz was born. Puerto Rican actress.

1985 - Bernardino de Souza Pereira dies. Brazilian painter.

1987 - André Marques was born. Portuguese footballer.

1988 - Rush Limbaugh was syndicated nationally in the United States as a two hour radio show.

1989 - Britain's oldest person turns 112 Charlotte Marion Hughes from Cleveland celebrates her birthday - and enters the record books.

1989 - Jack O'Connell was born. English Actor (Skins).

1989 - John Ogdon dies (b. 1937). English pianist.

1990 - Graham Young dies (b. 1947). British serial killer.

1990 - Norbert Elias dies (b. 1897). German sociologist.

1993 - The Great Flood of 1993 comes to a peak. The Mississippi River crested at St. Louis, hitting a record 49.58 feet above flood stage. The Missouri River would peak the next day (August 2) in St. Charles, Missouri at a record 39.6 feet above flood stage.

1994 - Michael Jackson and Lisa Marie Presley confirm rumours that they had married eleven weeks earlier.

1996 - Olympic Games: Michael Johnson wins the 200 meters in 19.32 seconds, beating the old world record by over 0.3 seconds.

1996 - Frida Boccara dies (b. 1940). French singer and Eurovision Song Contest winner.

1996 - Tadeus Reichstein dies (b. 1897). Polish chemist, Nobel Prize laureate.

1996 - Lucille Teasdale-Corti dies (b. 1929). Canadian physician and international aid worker.

1997 - Sviatoslav Richter dies (b. 1915). Ukrainian pianist.

1998 - Khamani Griffin was born. American child actor.

1998 - Eva Bartok dies (b. 1927). Hungarian-born actress.

1999 - Nirad C. Chaudhuri dies (b. 1897). Anglo-Indian writer.

2001 - England: Boy 'held prisoner for eight years' : Officers from Scotland Yard's Child Protection Team are investigating a boy's claims he was held captive in his own home for eight years.

2001 - An agreement is reached on the position of the minority Albanian language in the Republic of Macedonia.

2001 - Bulgaria, Cyprus, Latvia, Malta, Slovenia and Slovakia join the European Environment Agency.

2001 - Alabama Supreme Court Chief Justice Roy Moore has a 2-1/2 ton Ten Commandments monument installed in the rotunda of the judiciary building, leading to a lawsuit to have it removed and his own removal from office.

2001 - Korey Stringer dies (b. 1974). American football player.

2003 - Hutton inquiry begins : The judge investigating the death of weapons expert Dr David Kelly says his first task is to flesh out "a fuller picture of the facts".

2003 - Guy Thys dies (b. 1922). Belgian football coach.

2003 - Marie Trintignant dies (b. 1962). French actress.

2004 - A supermarket fire kills 396 people and injures 500 in Asunción, Paraguay.

2004 - A bomb attack occurs in front of Prague's Casino Royal.

2004 - Philip Hauge Abelson dies (b. 1913). American physicist, Nobel Prize Laureate.

2005 - German spelling reform of 1996 to be formally implemented.

2005 - Al Aronowitz dies (b. 1928). American music journalist.

2005 - King Fahd of Saudi Arabia dies (b. 1923), succeeded by his half-brother Abdullah of Saudi Arabia.

2005 - Constant Nieuwenhuys dies (b. 1920). Dutch painter.

2005 - Wibo dies (b. 1918). Dutch cartoonist.

2006 - Scouting celebrates its 100th birthday with worldwide celebrations.

2006 - Bob Thaves dies (b. 1924). American cartoonist.