On this day in History - Jul 9
- 0455 - Roman military commander Avitus is proclaimed emperor of the Western Roman Empire.
- 0518 - Anastasius I dies (b. 0430). Byzantine emperor.
- 1228 - Stephen Langton dies (b. c. 1150). Archbishop of Canterbury.
- 1249 - Emperor Kameyama of Japan was born (d. 1305).
- 1357 - 5:31 AM - Charles IV, Holy Roman Emperor assisted laying the foundation stone of Charles Bridge in Prague.
- 1386 - Duke Leopold III of Austria dies (killed in battle) (b. 1351).
- 1511 - Dorothea of Saxe-Lauenburg was born (d. 1571). Queen of Denmark and Norway.
- 1540 - Henry VIII of England annulled his marriage to his fourth wife, Anne of Cleves.
- 1541 - Estevão da Gama departs Massawa, leaving behind 400 matchlock men and 150 slaves under his brother Christovão da Gama, with orders to assist the Emperor of Ethiopia defeat Ahmad ibn Ibrihim al-Ghazi who has invaded his Empire.
- 1553 - Maurice, Elector of Saxony dies (b. 1521).
- 1577 - Thomas West, 3rd Baron De La Warr was born (d. 1618). English Jamestown colonist.
- 1578 - Ferdinand II was born (d. 1637). Holy Roman Emperor.
- 1654 - Emperor Reigen of Japan was born (d. 1732).
- 1654 - Ferdinand IV of Germany dies (b. 1633).
- 1686 - Philip Livingston was born (d. 1749). American politician.
- 1689 - Alexis Piron was born (d. 1773). French writer.
- 1706 - Pierre Le Moyne d'Iberville dies (b. 1661). French Canadian sailor and explorer.
- 1721 - Johann Nikolaus Götz was born (d. 1781). German poet.
- 1737 - Gian Gastone de' Medici, Grand Duke of Tuscany dies (b. 1671).
- 1742 - John Oldmixon dies (b. 1673). English historian.
- 1746 - Philip V of Spain dies (b. 1683).
- 1747 - Giovanni Bononcini dies (b. 1670). Italian composer.
- 1749 - Naval settlement of Halifax, Nova Scotia founded as British answer to Louisbourg.
- 1753 - William Waldegrave, 1st Baron Radstock was born (d. 1825). Governor of Newfoundland.
- 1755 - French and Indian War: Braddock Expedition - British troops and colonial militiamen are suffer a devastating defeat to French and Native American forces. During the battle, British General Edward Braddock is mortally wounded. Colonel George Washington survives.
- 1763 - Francisco_Joaquim_Bingre was born in Canelas, Estarreja (d. 26 Mar 1856 in Mira). Portuguese poet who was one of the founders of Nova Arcádia.
- 1764 - Ann Radcliffe was born (d. 1823). English writer.
- 1766 - Jonathan Mayhew dies (b. 1720). American minister.
- 1775 - Matthew Lewis was born (d. 1818). English novelist.
- 1786 - Sophie Hélène Béatrix was born (d. 1787). Princess of France.
- 1789 - In Versailles, the National Assembly reconstitutes itself as the National Constituent Assembly and begins preparations for a French constitution.
- 1790 - Russo-Swedish War: Second Battle of Svensksund - In the Baltic Sea, the Swedish Navy captures one third of the Russian fleet.
- 1793 - Act Against Slavery passed in Upper Canada and importation of slaves into Lower Canada is prohibited.
- 1795 - Henry Seymour Conway dies (b. 1721). British general and statesman.
- 1797 - Edmund Burke dies (b. 1729). British philosopher and statesman.
- 1800 - Friedrich Gustav Jakob Henle was born (d. 1885). German physician.
- 1807 - Treaties of Tilsit signed by Napoleon I and Alexander I.
- 1808 - Alexander William Doniphan was born (d. 1887). American lawyer and soldier.
- 1819 - Elias Howe was born (d. 1867). American inventor (sewing machine).
- 1828 - Luigi Oreglia di Santo Stefano was born (d. 1913). Italian Catholic churchman.
- 1832 - Portugal: O exército liberal ocupa o Porto.
- 1833 - Joaquim de Sousa Andrade was born (d. 21 Apr. 1902). Brazilian poet.
- 1836 - Camille de Renesse was born (d. 1904). Belgian count.
- 1836 - Henry Campbell-Bannerman was born (d. 1908). Prime Minister of the United Kingdom.
- 1841 - Mariano Enrique Calvo Cuellar assume a presidência da Bolívia.
- 1841 - Joaquim António de Aguiar assume o cargo de primeiro-ministro de Portugal.
- 1846 - The territory of the District of Columbia south of the Potomac River (39 mi² or about 100 km²) is returned to Virginia through an Act of Congress.
- 1848 - Robert I, Duke of Parma was born (d. 1907). Last ruling Duke of Parma.
- 1850 - President Zachary Taylor dies (b. 1819) and Millard Fillmore becomes the 13th President of the United States.
- 1850 - Báb dies (b. 1819). Persian founder of the Bábi Faith.
- 1850 - Jean-Pierre Boyer dies. President of Haiti (1818-1843).
- 1852 - Thomas McKean Thompson McKennan dies (b. 1794). American politician.
- 1855 - Lord Raglan dies (b. 1788). Commander of the British forces during the Crimean War.
- 1856 - Nikola Tesla was born. Croatian physicist.
- 1856 - James Strang dies assassinated (b. 1813). Mormon splinter group leader.
- 1856 - Amedeo Avogadro dies (b. 1776). Italian chemist.
- 1858 - Franz Boas was born (d. 1942). German anthropologist.
- 1863 - American Civil War: Siege of Port Hudson ends.
- 1867 - An unsuccessful expedition led by E.D Young set out to search for Dr David Livingstone (Scottish Missionary and explorer).
- 1868 - The 14th Amendment to the United States Constitution ratified guaranteeing African Americans full citizenship and all persons in the United States due process of law.
- 1870 - Portugal: A abolição da pena de morte é alargada às colónias portuguesas.
- 1879 - Carlos Chagas was born (d. 1934). Brazilian physician.
- 1879 - Ottorino Respighi was born (d. 1936). Italian composer.
- 1880 - Paul Broca dies (b. 1824). French physician and anatomist.
- 1882 - Ignacio Carrera Pinto dies (b. 1848). Chilean war hero.
- 1887 - Reportedly paper napkins were used for the first time by John Dickinson (stationery manufacturers) at the company's annual dinner.
- 1889 - Leo Dandurand was born (d. 1964). American-born Canadian hockey executive.
- 1893 - Dr Daniel Hale Williams performs the first successful open heart surgery at Provident Hospital in Chicago.
- 1893 - George Geary was born (d. 1981). English cricketer.
- 1894 - Pyotr Leonidovich Kapitsa was born (d. 1984). Russian physicist, Nobel Prize laureate.
- 1896 - William Jennings Bryan delivers his Cross of gold speech.
- 1900 - Queen Victoria of the United Kingdom gives royal assent to an act creating the Commonwealth of Australia thus uniting separate colonies on the continent under one federal government.
- 1900 - Ida Ehre was born in Prerau. Moravia (d. 1989). Austrian-German actress and theatre director and manager.
- 1901 - Dame Barbara Cartland was born (d. 2000). English novelist.
- 1903 - Alphonse François Renard dies (b. 1842). Belgian geologist.
- 1905 - Clarence Campbell was born (d. 1984). Canadian hockey executive.
- 1908 - Allama Rasheed Turabi was born (d. 1973). Pakistani scholar, orator and philosopher.
- 1908 - Paul Brown was born (d. 1991). American football coach.
- 1911 - John A. Wheeler was born. American physicist.
- 1911 - Mervyn Peake was born (d. 1968). British writer and illustrator.
- 1915 - David Diamond was born (d. 2005). American composer.
- 1916 - Sir Dean Goffin was born (d. 1984). New Zealand composer.
- 1916 - Edward Heath was born (d. 2005). Prime Minister of the United Kingdom [1970-1974].
- 1918 - Great train wreck of 1918: In Nashville, Tennessee, an inbound local train collides with an outbound express killing 101 and injuring 171 people, making it the deadliest rail accident in United States history.
- 1918 - Restabelecimento das relações diplomáticas entre Portugal e o Vaticano.
- 1918 - Jarl Wahlström was born (d. 1999). 12th General of The Salvation Army.
- 1922 - Johnny Weissmuller swims the 100 meters freestyle in 58.6 seconds breaking a world swimming record and the 'minute barrier'.
- 1925 - Golpe de Estado no Equador, quando o general Francisco González de la Torre derruba o presidente Gonzalo S. Córdova.
- 1925 – Charles E. Wicks, Professor, co-author of Fundamentals of Momentum, Heat, and Mass Transfer.
- 1925 - Guru Dutt was born. Legendary Bollywood director, producer and actor.
- 1925 - Peter Ludwig was born (d. 1996). German entrepreneur and art collector.
- 1926 - António Óscar de Fragoso Carmona assume o cargo de primeiro-ministro de Portugal.
- 1926 - Ben Roy Mottelson was born. American-born physicist, Nobel Prize laureate.
- 1927 - Ed Ames was born. American singer and actor.
- 1927 - Red Kelly was born. Canadian ice hockey player.
- 1927 - Susan Cabot was born (d. 1986). American actress.
- 1927 - John Drew Jr. dies (b. 1853). American actor.
- 1928 - Federico Bahamontes was born. Spanish cyclist.
- 1928 - Vince Edwards was born (d. 1996). American actor, director and singer.
- 1929 - Jesse McReynolds was born. American singer and mandolinist.
- 1929 - Lee Hazlewood was born. American country singer, songwriter and producer.
- 1929 - King Hassan II of Morocco was born (d. 1999).
- 1930 - Buddy Bregman was born. American musical arranger and conductor.
- 1930 - Roy McLean was born (d. 2007). South African cricketer.
- 1932 - Brazil: Starting of the Constitutionalist Revolution: Dissastified with the actions of the federal government, the oligarchies of São Paulo initiate an insurrection to retake power from Getúlio Vargas /Brasil: Tem inicío a chamada Revolução Constitucionalista, no estado de São Paulo, que apoiado pelo Mato Grosso ergue-se contra o governo central de Getúlio Vargas.
- 1932 - Donald Rumsfeld was born. 13th & 21st United States Secretary of Defense.
- 1932 - King C. Gillette dies (b. 1885). American inventor.
- 1933 - Oliver Sacks was born. British neurologist and author.
- 1934 - Michael Graves was born. American architect.
- 1935 - Mercedes Sosa was born (d. 2009). Argentine singer.
- 1935 - Michael Williams was born (d. 2001). English actor.
- 1935 - Wim Duisenberg was born (d. 2005). Dutch economist and politician.
- 1936 - Andre Pronovost was born. French Canadian ice hockey player.
- 1936 - Floyd Abrams was born. First Amendment attorney and advocate.
- 1936 - June Jordan was born (d. 2002). American writer and teacher.
- 1936 – Richard Wilson was born. Scottish actor and director.
- 1937 - David Hockney was born. English artist.
- 1937 - Oliver Law dies killed in battle (b. 1899). First African-American commander of U.S. troops.
- 1938 - Brian Dennehy was born. American actor.
- 1938 - Benjamin Cardozo dies (b. 1870). American jurist.
- 1942 - Holocaust: Anne Frank's family goes into hiding in an attic above her father's office in an Amsterdam warehouse.
- 1942 – Edy Williams was born. American actress.
- 1942 - Richard Roundtree was born. American actor.
- 1943 - John Casper was born. American astronaut.
- 1945 - A forest fire breaks out in the Tillamook Burn, the third fire in that area since 1933.
- 1945 - Dean R. Koontz was born. American author.
- 1945 - Root Boy Slim was born (d. 1993). American entertainer.
- 1946 - Natasha Pyne was born. English actress.
- 1947 - Haruomi Hosono was born. Japanese musician.
- 1947 - Mitch Mitchell was born. English drummer.
- 1947 - O. J. Simpson was born. American football player and actor.
- 1947 - Lucjan Żeligowski dies (b. 1865). Polish general.
- 1948 - Pakistan issued first set of Postage stamp, having image of Constituent Assembly, Jinnah International Airport (Quaid-e-Azam International Airport), Shahi Fort.
- 1948 - Hassan Wirajuda was born. Indonesian current foreign minister.
- 1949 - Em Portugal é fundada a Sociedade Portuguesa de Cardiologia.
- 1949 - Jesse Duplantis was born. American evangelist, author, and inspirational speaker.
- 1949 - Fritz Bennicke Hart dies (b. 1874). English-born Australian composer.
- 1950 - Viktor Yanukovych was born. Prime Minister of Ukraine.
- 1951 - Chris Cooper was born. American actor.
- 1951 - Harry Heilmann dies (b. 1894). American baseball player.
- 1952 - John Tesh was born. American composer.
- 1953 - Margie Gillis was born. Canadian dancer and choreographer.
- 1953 - Thomas Ligotti was born. American author.
- 1953 - Álvaro de Castelões dies in Porto (b. 1 Apr 1859). Portuguese noble (3rd Viscount of Castelões) and poet.
- 1955 - Fred Norris was born. American radio personality.
- 1955 - Jimmy Smits was born. Puerto Rican Emmy Award-winning actor: L.A. Law [1989-90]; N.Y.P.D. Blue, Birdland, Glitz, Mi Familia, Gross Misconduct, The Cisco Kid, Price of Glory.
- 1955 - Steve Coppell was born. English football player and manager.
- 1955 - Willie Wilson was born. American baseball player.
- 1955 - Don Beauman dies (b. 1928). British racing driver.
- 1956 - António Fonseca was born in Ambriz. Angolan poet, writer and essayst.
- 1956 - Marc Almond was born. British singer.
- 1956 - Tom Hanks was born. American Academy Award-winning actor: Forrest Gump [1994], Philadelphia [1993]; Apollo 13, Sleepless in Seattle, Big, Joe Versus the Volcano, Splash, The Money Pit, You’ve Got Mail, The Green Mile, Cast Awayactor.
- 1957 - Kelly McGillis was born. American actress.
- 1957 - Paul Merton was born. British comedian.
- 1957 - Tim Kring was born. American writer and producer.
- 1958 - Lituya Bay is hit by a mega-tsunami. The wave is recorded at 524 meters high, making it the largest wave in history.
- 1959 - Clive Stafford Smith was born. British human rights lawyer.
- 1959 - Jim Kerr was born. Scottish singer (Simple Minds).
- 1959 - Kevin Nash was born. American professional wrestler.
- 1960 - Marc Mero was born. American professional wrestler.
- 1964 - Courtney Love was born. American musician.
- 1964 - Gianluca Vialli was born. Italian football player.
- 1965 - David O'Hara was born. Irish-Scottish actor.
- 1965 - Frank Bello was born. American musician (Anthrax).
- 1965 - Jason Rhoades was born (d. 2006). American installation artist.
- 1966 - Pamela Adlon was born. American voice actress.
- 1967 - A team of mountaineers successfully climb the Old Man of Hoy, the expedition is televised by BBC television in a unique live outside broadcast.
- 1967 - Gunnar Axén was born. Swedish politician.
- 1967 - Eugen Fischer dies (b. 1874). Nazi physician.
- 1968 - Lars Gyllenhaal was born. Swedish author.
- 1968 - Paolo Di Canio was born. Italian football player.
- 1969 - Jason Kearton was born. Australian former footballer.
- 1969 - Mark Lui was born. Hong Kong composer and producer.
- 1970 - Masami Tsuda was born. Manga author.
- 1970 - Trent Green was born. American football player.
- 1971 - Dani Behr was born. English model and TV presenter.
- 1971 - Marc Andreessen was born. American software developer.
- 1972 - Robert Weede dies (b. 1903). American baritone.
- 1973 – Enrique Murciano was born. American actor.
- 1973 - Kelly Holcomb was born. American football player.
- 1974 – Gary Kelly was born. Irish football player.
- 1974 - Nikola Sarcevic was born. Swedish bassist and singer (Millencolin).
- 1974 - Sian Berry was born. British politician.
- 1974 - Earl Warren dies (b. 1891). Governor of California, Chief Justice of the United States Supreme Court.
- 1975 - The National Assembly of Senegal passes a law that will pave way for a (albeit highly restricted) multi-party system.
- 1975 – Craig Quinnell was born. Welsh rugby player.
- 1975 - Isaac Brock was born. American musician.
- 1975 - Jack White was born. American musician (The White Stripes).
- 1975 - Shelton Benjamin was born. American professional wrestler.
- 1976 - Fred Savage was born. American actor (The Wonder Years, The Princess Bride, Little Monsters, The Boy Who Could Fly).
- 1976 - Jochem Uytdehaage was born. Dutch speed skater.
- 1976 - Shelton Benjamin was born. American professional wrestler.
- 1978 – Kara Goucher was born. American athlete.
- 1978 - Linda Park was born. Korean-born actress.
- 1978 - Mark Medlock was born. German singer.
- 1979 - A car bomb destroys a Renault owned by famed "Nazi hunters" Serge and Beate Klarsfeld at their home in France. A note purportedly from ODESSA claims responsibility.
- 1979 - Ella Koon was born. Hong Kong singer and actress.
- 1979 - Suzanne Stokes was born. American model (Playmate of the Month February 2000).
- 1979 - Cornelia Otis Skinner dies (b. 1899). American actress and author.
- 1980 - Vinicius de Moraes dies (b. 1913). Brazilian poet and lyricist./Morre Vinícius de Moraes (n. 1913). Escritor e diplomata brasileiro. Vinícius de Moraes - o poeta do amor- foi um dos mais populares poetas brasileiros.
- 1981 - Senegalese political parties Party of Independence and Work (PIT) and Democratic League - Movement for the Labour Party (LD-MPT) legally recognized.
- 1981 - Kimveer Gill was born (d. 2006). Canadian spree shooter (Dawson College shooting).
- 1982 - A Boeing 727 carrying Pan Am Flight 759 crashes in Kenner, Louisiana killing all 146 people on board and eight others on the ground.
- 1982 - Alecko Eskandarian was born. Armenian-American footballer.
- 1982 - Ashly DelGrosso was born. American ballroom dancer.
- 1982 - Maggie Ma was born. Canadian actress.
- 1982 - Sakon Yamamoto was born. Japanese race car driver.
- 1983 - Lucia Micarelli was born. American musician.
- 1984 - York Minster was struck by a lightning bolt, the resulting fire rampaged through most of the building. However the cathedral valuables were rescued by clergymen and the "Rose Window" was not affected.
- 1984 - Jacob Hoggard was born. Canadian singer of Canadian band Hedley (band).
- 1984 - Jessica_Van_Der_Steen was born. Belgian fashion model.
- 1985 - Ashley Young was born. English football player.
- 1985 - Paweł Korzeniowski was born. Polish swimmer.
- 1985 - Rafael Campos dies of cancer (b. 1936). Dominicam actor (Ramon-Rhoda, Sancho-V).
- 1985 - Charlotte, Grand Duchess of Luxembourg dies (b. 1896).
- 1985 - Jimmy Kinnon dies (b. 1911). Scottish founder of Narcotics Anonymous.
- 1986 - The New Zealand Parliament passes the Homosexual Law Reform Act legalising homosexuality in New Zealand.
- 1986 - Dominic Cervi was born. American footballer.
- 1986 - Kiely Williams was born. American singer and actress.
- 1986 – Simon Dumont was born. American freestyle skier.
- 1989 - Two bombs explode in Mecca, killing one pilgrim and wounding 16 others.
- 1989 - First time Wimbeldon has both men & women's final on same day, Boris Becker beats Stefan Edberg and Steffi Graf beats Martina Navratilova.
- 1990 – Fábio Pereira da Silva was born. Brazilian footballer.
- 1990 - Rafael Pereira da Silva was born. Brazilian footballer.
- 1991 - International Human Rights Federation cites human rights violations committed by police and military personnel during Oka crisis in Quebec, Canada.
- 1991 - South Africa is reintroduced into the Olympic movement after 30 years of exclusion.
- 1991 - Mitchel Musso was born. American actor.
- 1992 - Eric Sevareid dies (b. 1912). American reporter.
- 1992 - Democratic presidential nominee Bill Clinton announces that Tennessee Senator Al Gore will be his running mate.
- 1994 - Akiane Kramarik was born. American painter and poet.
- 1994 - Bill Mosienko dies (b. 1921). Professional ice hockey player.
- 1995 - Musical group The Grateful Dead perform the last concert of their 30-year career at Soldier Field, Chicago.
- 1995 - Navaly church bombing is carried out by the Sri Lankan Air Force and it killed 125 Tamil civilian refugees.
- 1995 - Georgie Henley was born. English actress.
- 1996 - Melvin Belli dies (b. 1907). American attorney.
- 1997 - Mike Tyson's boxing license is suspended for at least a year and he is fined $3 million for biting Evander Holyfield's ear in a televised match.
- 1998 - Bolívia assina o Protocolo de Kyoto.
- 1998 - In the Azores Islands (Portugal) a 6.2 quake resulted in ten people killed, about 100 injured and 1,000 left homeless on Faial.
- 1999 - Days of student protests begins after Iranian police and hardliners attack a student dormitory of University of Tehran.
- 1999 - Robert de Cotret dies (b. 1944). Canadian politician.
- 2000 - Doug Fisher dies (b. 1941). English actor.
- 2001 - WCW and ECW join forces on Monday Night Raw creating The Alliance and tarting the Invasion storyline.
- 2002 - The African Union was established in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. The first chairman was Thabo Mbeki, President of South Africa.
- 2002 - Major League Baseball All-Star Game ends in a controversial tie at Miller Park, home of the Milwaukee Brewers, when both teams have exhausted all their pitchers.
- 2002 - Laurence Janifer dies (b. 1933). American science fiction writer.
- 2002 - Rod Steiger dies (b. 1925) American actor.
- 2003 - Winston Graham dies (b. 1908). American author.
- 2003 - Switzerland ratifies Kyoto's Protocol.
- 2004 - After José Manuel Barroso's appointment to the European Commission, Portuguese President Jorge Sampaio announces that he will invite the second-in-line leader of PSD, Pedro Santana Lopes to form government.
- 2004 - Chuck Cadman dies (b. 1948). Canadian politician.
- 2004 - Paula Danziger dies (b. 1944) American author.
- 2004 - Paul Klebnikov dies (b. 1963) American journalist.
- 2004 - Isabel Sanford dies (b. 1917). American actress.
- 2004 - Jean Lefèbvre dies. French actor.
- 2005 - Yevgenij Grishin dies (b. 1931). Russian speed skater.
- 2005 - Huang Kun dies (b. 1919). Chinese physicist.
- 2005 - Alex Shibicky dies (b. 1914). Canadian ice hockey player.
- 2006 - At least 122 people are dead after a Sibir Airlines passenger jet Airbus A-310 with 200 people on board veered off the runway while landing at Irkutsk Airport in Siberia in wet conditions.
- 2006 - Italy wins the 2006 FIFA World Cup, defeating France 5-3 on penalty kicks after a 1-1 draw. This is Italy's 4th World Cup win.
- 2006 - Roger Federer wins his fourth consecutive Wimbledon tennis championship, beating Rafael Nadal in the final match of the tournament.
- 2006 - Zinedine Zidane in his final match, headbutts Marco Materazzi and gets sent off in the final of the FIFA World Cup.
- 2006 - Camané4ever (blog) is founded.
- 2006 - Milan Williams dies (b. 1948). American musician (The Commodores).
- 2007 - Charles Lane dies (b. 1905). American actor.
- 2008 - Séamus Brennan dies (b. 1948). Irish politician.
- Roman festival - Caprotinia, or feasts of Juno Caprotina.
- Bahá'í Faith - Holy Day: Martyrdom of the Báb.
- São Paulo (Brazil) - Constitutional Revolution of 1932.
- Portugal: Municipal Holiday in Maia.
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