On this day in History - Jul 5
- 0649 - St. Martin I began his reign as Pope.
- 1295 - Scotland and France form an alliance, the beginnings of the Auld Alliance, against England.
- 1586 - Thomas Hooker was born (d. 1647). Connecticut colonist.
- 1653 - Thomas Pitt was born (d. 1726). British Governor of Madras.
- 1675 - Mary Walcott was born. American accuser at the Salem witch trials.
- 1681 - Feodor Aleksejevitch dies. Tsar of Russia.
- 1687 - Isaac Newton's Philosophiae Naturalis Principia Mathematica is published.
- 1717 - Pedro III of Portugal was born (d. 1786). Consort of Queen Maria I of Portugal.
- 1718 - Francis Seymour-Conway, 1st Marquess of Hertford was born (d. 1794). Viceroy of Ireland.
- 1761 - Louis-Léopold Boilly was born (d. 1845). French painter.
- 1773 - Francisco José Freire dies (b. 1719). Portuguese historian and philologist.
- 1775 - US Congress adopts the Olive Branch Petition.
- 1794 - Sylvester Graham was born (d. 1851). American inventor of Graham cracker.
- 1801 - David Farragut was born (d. 1870). American naval commander.
- 1803 - The convention of Artlenburg leads to the French occupation of Hanover (which had been ruled by the British king).
- 1805 - Robert Fitz Roy was born (d. 1865). British seaworthy and meteorologic.
- 1809 - Battle of Wagram starts, the two-day battle was the largest yet of the Napoleonic Wars.
- 1810 - Phineas Taylor "P. T." Barnum was born (d. 1891). American circus owner.
- 1813 - War of 1812: Three weeks of British raids on Fort Schlosser, Black Rock and Plattsburgh, New York begin.
- 1814 - War of 1812: Battle of Chippewa - American Major General Jacob Brown defeats British General Phineas Riall at Chippewa, Ontario.
- 1820 - William John Macquorn Rankine was born. Physicist.
- 1829 - Ignacio Mariscal was born (d. 1910). Mexican writer and diplomatic.
- 1833 - Admiral Charles Napier defeats the navy of the Portuguese usurper Dom Miguel at the third Battle of Cape St. Vincent.
- 1833 - Nicéphore Niépce dies. French inventor (photographie).
- 1841 - William C. Whitney was born (d. 1904). American financier.
- 1848 - José Fernandes Costa was born in Lisbon (d. 30 Jul 1920). Portuguese poet and journalist.
- 1852 - A pena de morte para crimes políticos é abolida em Portugal .
- 1853 - Cecil Rhodes was born (d. 1902). South African financier, diamond merchant and statesman.
- 1860 - Robert Bacon was born (d. 1919). American politician.
- 1865 - Hans Ziemann was born (d. 1939). Physician.
- 1865 - William Booth founds the Christian Mission (later renamed to the Salvation Army).
- 1865 - The world's first maximum speed law is enacted in England.
- 1872 - Edouard Herriot was born (d. 1957). French politician.
- 1874 - Eugen Fischer was born (d. 1967). Nazi physician.
- 1878 - The coat of arms of the Baku governorate was established.
- 1879 - Dwight F. Davis was born (d. 28 Nov 1945). American Tennis Hall of Famer [inducted in 1956]: founder of Davis Cup [donated first trophy in 1900]; tennis player and politician.
- 1879 - Wanda Landowska was born (d. 1959). Polish harpsichordist.
- 1880 - Jan Kubelík was born (d. 1940). Czech violinist.
- 1884 - Germany takes possession of Cameroon.
- 1886 - Willem Drees was born (d. 1988). Prime Minister of the Netherlands.
- 1888 - Herbert Spencer Gasser was born. American psychologist and recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine
- 1889 - Jean Cocteau was born (d. 1963). French writer.
- 1890 - Frederick Lewis Allen was born (d. 1954). American social historian.
- 1891 - John Howard Northrop was born (d. 1987). Americah chemist, Nobel Prize laureate in 1946 .
- 1891 - Ramón Gómez de la Serna was born. Spanish writer.
- 1899 - Marcel Achard was born (d. 1974). French playwright, screenwriter and author.
- 1901 - Sergey Obraztsov was born (d. 1992). Soviet puppet master.
- 1902 - Henry Cabot Lodge, Jr. was born (d. 1985). American diplomat.
- 1904 - Harold Acton was born (d. 1994). American writer and dilettante.
- 1904 - Ernst Mayr was born (d. 2005). American biologist.
- 1904 - Milburn Stone was born (d. 1980). American actor.
- 1904 - Abai Kunanbaiuli dies. Kazakh poet
- 1908 - Jonas Lie dies. Norwegian author
- 1911 - Liberato Marcial Rojas Cabral assume a presidência do Paraguai.
- 1911 - Georges Pompidou was born (d. 1974). French politician.
- 1911 - D. Maria Pia de Sabóia dies. Queen of Portugal.
- 1914 - Annie Fischer was born. Hungarian pianist.
- 1918 - George Rochberg was born (d. 2005). American classical composer.
- 1918 - René Lecavalier was born (d. 1999). French Canadian radio host and television sportscaster.
- 1920 - Max Klinger dies. Artist
- 1924 - Janos Starker was born. Hungarian Grammy Award-winning cellist [Instrumental Soloist without Orchestra: 1997]: Bach: Suites for Solo Cello Nos. 1–6; Grand prix du disque [France: 1948]
- 1924 - Osman Lins was born. Brazilian writer.
- 1924 - Niels Jannasch was born (d. 2001). Canadian historian and museum curator.
- 1924 - János Starker was born. Hungarian cellist
- 1928 - Pierre Mauroy was born. French politician
- 1928 - Katherine Helmond was born. American actress
- 1928 - Warren Oates was born (d. 1982). American actor.
- 1930 - Nasce Fernanda Alves na cidade de Lisboa (m. 6 Jan 2000). Actriz portuguesa, recitadora e encenadora (TEP). Figura destacada do Teatro Independente. Pertencia ao elenco do Teatro Nacional D. Maria II. Era membro do PCP (Partido Comunista Português). Casada com o poeta Ernesto Sampaio, este após a sua morte dedicou-lhe o livro "Fernanda" ("É uma planta que continua a florescer depois de ter sido arrancada").
- 1931 - António de Macedo was born. Portuguese film director/ cineasta português. António de Macedo, nasce em Lisboa. Realizador português e argumentista [Chá Forte com Limão (1993); Abismos da Meia-Noite, Os (1984) ; Príncipe com Orelhas de Burro, O (1980) ; A Promessa (1973); Domingo à Tarde (1965), entre outros]
- 1932 - Billy Laughlin was born (d. 1948). American actor.
- 1932 - Salazar foi nomeado Presidente do Conselho de Ministros de Portugal.
- 1934 - Katherine Helmond was born. American actress.
- 1935 - The National Labor Relations Act, which governs labor relations in the United States, is signed into law by President Franklin D. Roosevelt.
- 1935 - John Gilmore was born. American true crime author
- 1936 - James Mirrlees was born. Scottish economist, Nobel Prize laureate
- 1936 - Shirley Knight was born. American actress
- 1937 - Highest recorded temperature in Canada, at Yellow Grass, Saskatchewan: 45 °C.
- 1937 - Spam, the luncheon meat, was introduced into the market by the Hormel Foods Corporation.
- 1939 - Booker Edgerson was born. American football player
- 1940 - World War II: The United Kingdom and the Vichy France government break off diplomatic relations.
- 1941 - Barbara Frischmuth was born. Austrian writer.
- 1943 - Curt Blefary was born (d. 2001). Major League Baseball player.
- 1943 - World War II: Battle of Kursk - The largest tank battle in history begins as German tanks attacked the Soviet salient.
- 1943 - World War II: An Allied invasion fleet sails to Sicily.
- 1943 - Betty Grable and Harry James got married
- 1943 - Curt Blefary was born (d. 2001). American baseball player.
- 1943 - Robbie Robertson was born. Canadian guitarist (The Band)
- 1945 - World War II: Liberation of the Philippines declared.
- 1945 - John Curtin dies. Fourteenth Prime Minister of Australia.
- 1945 - Labour Party won British parliamentary election.
- 1946 - The bikini is introduced in Paris.
- 1946 - Paul Smith was born. British fashion designer
- 1946 - Pierre-Marc Johnson was born. American lawyer, physician and politician
- 1947 - Larry Doby signs a contract with the Cleveland Indians baseball team, becoming the first black player in the American League. (Jackie Robinson had broken the color barrier with the Brooklyn Dodgers in the National League 11 weeks earlier.)
- 1948 - British National Health Service Act enacted.
- 1948 - William Hootkins was born (d. 2005). American actor.
- 1948 - Georges Bernanos dies (b. 1888). French writer.
- 1950 - Zionism: The Knesset passes the Law of Return which grants all Jews the right to immigrate to Israel.
- 1950 - Huey Lewis was born. American musician
- 1950 - Michael Monarch was born. American guitarist (Steppenwolf)
- 1951 - Rich Gossage was born. American baseball player
- 1951 - William Shockley invents the junction transistor.
- 1954 - Elvis Presley has his first commercial recording session. He sang That's All Right (Mama) and Blue Moon of Kentucky. Widely considered to be the birth of Rock and Roll.
- 1954 - The BBC broadcasts its first television news bulletin.
- 1954 - Andhra Pradesh High Court is established.
- 1954 - João Lopes was born in Caldas da Rainha, Portugal. Portuguese film critic. He wrote in several newspapers since 1973 ("República", "Expresso", "Diario de Notícias"). Film teacher at Escola Superior de Teatro e Cinema. Film writer and director.
- 1954 - Leni Björklund was born. Swedish politician
- 1954 - John Wright was born. New Zealand cricketer
- 1955 - Peter McNamara was born. Australian tennis player
- 1956 - Patsy Pease was born. American actress
- 1956 - James Lofton was born. American football player and coach
- 1957 - David Hanson was born. Canadian politician
- 1957 - David Pinkney was born. British Touring Car Racer
- 1957 - Doug Wilson was born. Canadian hockey player
- 1957 - Charles Sherwood Noble dies. American inventor
- 1958 - First ascent of Gasherbrum I, 11th highest peak on the earth
- 1958 - Bill Watterson was born. American cartoonist.
- 1959 - Ben-Gurion's Israeli government resigned.
- 1959 - Marc Cohn was born. American singer and songwriter
- 1960 - Pruitt Taylor Vince was born. American actor
- 1960 - James M. Kelly was born. American politician
- 1961 - Isabelle Poulenard was born. French soprano
- 1963 - Edie Falco was born. American actress.
- 1963 - Russ Lorenson was born. American singer and actor.
- 1964 - Gustavo Díaz Ordaz is elected President of México.
- 1966 - Kathryn Erbe was born. American actress.
- 1966 - Gianfranco Zola was born. Italian football (soccer) player.
- 1966 - Susannah Doyle was born. British actress.
- 1966 - George de Hevesy dies (b. 1885). Hungarian chemist, Nobel Prize laureate.
- 1968 - O tenista australiano Rod Laver ganha o Torneio de Wimbledon.
- 1968 - Nardwuar the Human Serviette was born. Canadian journalist.
- 1968 - Alex Zülle was born. Swiss cyclist.
- 1968 - Ken Akamatsu was born. Mangaka.
- 1969 - Em Londres, no Hyde Park, os Rolling Stones tocaram gratuitamente.
- 1969 - John LeClair was born. American hockey player.
- 1969 - RZA was born. American rapper rapper (Wu-Tang Clan).
- 1969 - Jenji Kohan was born. American television writer and producer.
- 1970 - Luis Echevarría os elected President of Mexico.
- 1970 - An Air Canada DC-8 crashes near Toronto International Airport killing 108.
- 1970 - Mac Dre was born (d. 2004). American rapper.
- 1971 - Right to vote: The voting age in the United States is reduced to 18 from 21 (provision of the 26th Amendment formally certified by President Richard Nixon on this day).
- 1971 - Derek McInnes was born. Scottish footballer.
- 1972 - Letha Weapons was born. Porn actress.
- 1973 - Catastrophic BLEVE (Boiling Liquid Expanding Vapor Explosion) in Kingman, Arizona, following a fire that broke out as propane was being transferred from a railroad car to a storage tank, kills 11 firefighters. This explosion has become a classic incident studied in fire department training programs worldwide.
- 1973 - Róisín Murphy was born. Irish musician.
- 1973 - Marcus Allbäck was born. Swedish footballer.
- 1973 - Bengt Lagerberg was born. Swedish musician (The Cardigans).
- 1973 - René Spies was born. German bobsledder.
- 1974 - Márcio Amoroso was born. Brazilian footballer.
- 1975 - Arthur Ashe becomes the first black man to win the Wimbledon singles title.
- 1975 - Cape Verde gains its independence from Portugal.
- 1975 - Hernán Crespo was born. Argentinian footballer.
- 1975 - Gunnar H. Thomsen was born. Faroese musician (Týr).
- 1975 - Kip Gamblin was born. Australian dancer and actor.
- 1975 - Ai Sugiyama was born. Japanese tennis player.
- 1975 - Pedro Sarabia was born. Paraguayan footballer.
- 1975 - Otto Skorzeny dies. German commando who rescued Benito Mussolini.
- 1976 - Em Espanha, entrou em vigor a Lei de Associação Política
- 1976 - Nuno Gomes was born. Portuguese football player of Benfica, Portugal's champion 2004/2005.
- 1976 - Marina Dias was born. Brazilian supermodel.
- 1977 - Military coup in Pakistan Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto the very first elected Prime Minister of Pakistan overthrown.
- 1977 - Nicolas Kiefer was born. German tennis player.
- 1977 - Royce Da 5'9" was born. American rapper
- 1978 - Publicada a Lei Orgânica do Ministério Público, em Portugal.
- 1979 - In Portugal, some politic parties joined to created The Democratic Aliance (A Aliança Democrática) / O PSD, CDS e PPM criam a Aliança Democrática (AD).
- 1979 - Amélie Mauresmo was born. French tennis player.
- 1979 - Stiliyan Petrov was born. Bulgarian footballer.
- 1979 - Shane Filan was born. Irish musician (Westlife).
- 1980 - Jason Wade was born. American musician (Lifehouse).
- 1980 - David Rozehnal was born. Czech footballer.
- 1980 - Eva Green was born. French actress.
- 1981 – Gianne Albertoni was born. Brazilian model
- 1981 - Jesse Crain was born. Canadian-born baseball player.
- 1981 – Ryan Hansen was born. American actor.
- 1982 - NBC's experiment in late-night news programming, NBC News Overnight, debuts.
- 1982 - Jimmy Connors won the men’s singles tennis title at Wimbledon. Connors beat John McEnroe 3-6, 6-3, 6-7, 7-6, 6-4.
- 1982 - Alberto Gilardino was born. Italian footballer.
- 1982 - Philippe Gilbert was born. Belgian cyclist.
- 1983 - Harry James dies. Musician, swing-era bandleader, trumpet player.
- 1983 - In Portugal is created The National Ecologic Reserve.
- 1983 - Fundación del Club Deportivo Provincial Osorno, Chile
- 1985 - Fundação da Liga de Futebol Profissional da Venezuela
- 1985 - Stephanie McIntosh was born. Australian actress.
- 1985 - Nick O'Malley was born. Bass player for Arctic Monkeys
- 1987 - First instance of the LTTE using suicide attacks on Sri Lankan Army. The Black Tigers are born and in the following years continue to use it to deadly effect.
- 1989 - Iran-Contra Affair: Oliver North is sentenced by U.S. District Judge Gerhard A. Gesell to a three-year suspended prison term, two years probation, $150,000 in fines and 1,200 hours community service.
- 1985 - Nick O'Malley was born. Bass player for Arctic Monkeys
- 1989 - Joseph King was born. American swimmer.
- 1991 - Jason Dolley was born. American actor.
- 1991 - Howard Nemerov dies (b. 1920). American poet.
- 1992 - Andre Agassi won his first Grand Slam title, defeating Goran Ivanisevic at Wimbledon.
- 1993 - Maria Teresa de Noronha dies. Portuguese singer, fadist.
- 1994 - The United States announced it would be refusing entry to further unrestricted immigration from Haiti.
- 1996 - Dolly the sheep was born. First cloned mammal.
- 1998 - Pete Sampras won Wimbledon for the fifth time in six years with a 6-7 (2-7), 7-6 (11-9), 6-4, 3-6, 6-2 triumph over Goran Ivanisevic.
- 1998 - Japan launches a probe to Mars, and thus joins the United States and Russia as a space exploring nation.
- 1998 - Sid Luckman dies (b. 1916). American football player.
- 1998 - Guilherme Paixão dies. Portuguese journalist.
- 2000 - Edgar Cardoso dies (b. 1913). Portuguese engineer specialized in bridges (Ponte da Arrábida no Porto).
- 2001 - Hannelore Kohl dies (suicide). Wife of Chancellor of Germany Helmut Kohl.
- 2001 - O Tribunal de Haia confirma a condenação a 40 anos de prisão para o serviobosnio Goran Jelisic por crimes contra a humanidade.
- 2002 - Katy Jurado dies (b. 1924). Mexican actress.
- 2002 - Ted Williams dies (b. 1918). Baseball Hall of Famer.
- 2003 - Roman Lyashenko dies. Hockey player.
- 2003 - Serena Williams beat sister Venus for her 2nd straight Wimbledon title.
- 2004 - First Indonesian presidential election, 2004 by the nation.
- 2004 - Éric Gagné's consecutive saves streak comes to an end at 84.
- 2004 - Rodger Ward dies (b. 1921). American race car driver
- 2005 - Shirley Goodman dies (b. 1936). American singer.
- 2005 - James Stockdale dies (b. 1923). U.S. Navy admiral and vice presidential candidate
- 2006 - North Korea test launches two SCUD-C Nodong-2 short-range missiles and one long-range Taepodong-2 missile.
- 2006 - 2006 Germany World Cup: Portugal is defeated by France (0-1), in Munich, in match for the Semi-Finals of FIFA World Cup.
- 2006 - Emergency United Nations Security Council meeting held at the U.N in New York City because of the North Korean missile tests a day before.
- 2006 - Kenneth Lay dies (b. 1942). American businessman.
- 2007 - Régine Crespin dies (b. 1927). French operatic soprano.
- 2007 - Kerwin Mathews dies (b. 1926). American actor.
- 2007 - George Melly dies (b. 1926). British jazz & blues musician.
- 2008 - Frank Schaeffer dies (b. 1917). Brazilian artist.
- 2008 - Hasan Doğan dies (b. 1956). 37th president of the Turkish Football Federation.
- 2009 – Roger Federer wins a record 15th Grand Slam title in tennis, winning a five set match against Andy Roddick at Wimbledon.
- 2009 – The largest hoard of Anglo-Saxon gold ever discovered, consisting of more than 1,500 items, is found near the village of Hammerwich, near Lichfield, in Staffordshire, England.
- 2009 – Ethnic rioting broke out in Ürümqi, Xinjiang, People's Republic of China
- Algeria: Independence Day (1962).
- Cape Verde: Independence Day (1975).
- Isle of Man: Tynwald Day (1266).
- Venezuela: Independence Day (1811).
- Armenia: Constitution Day (1995).
- Church of the SubGenius: X-Day (1998).
- Saints Cyril and Methodius Day (Czech Republic, Slovakia)
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