On this day in History - Jun 12
- 0816 - Pope Leo III dies.
- 0918 - Ethelfleda dies. Lady of the Mercians.
- 1020 - Lyfing, Archbishop of Canterbury dies.
- 1107 - Emperor Gaozong of China was born (d. 1187).
- 1360 - Nuno Álvares Pereira was born. Portuguese warrior.
- 1418 - An insurrection delivers Paris to the Burgundians.
- 1418 - Bernard VII, Count of Armagnac dies (b. 1360). French military leader.
- 1429 - Hundred Years' War: Joan of Arc leads the French army in their capture of the city and the English commander, William de la Pole, 1st Duke of Suffolk in the second day of the Battle of Jargeau.
- 1435 - John FitzAlan, 14th Earl of Arundel dies (b. 1408). English military leader.
- 1442 - Alfonso V of Aragon was crowned King of Naples.
- 1514 - Foi criada a diocese do Funchal
- 1519 - Cosimo I de' Medici, Grand Duke of Tuscany was born (d. 1574)
- 1526 - Marc-Antoine de Muret was born. Composer.
- 1560 - Imagawa Yoshimoto dies (b. 1519). Japanese daimyo.
- 1560 - Ii Naomori dies (b. 1506). Japanese warrior.
- 1565 - Adrianus Turnebus dies (b. 1512). French classical scholar.
- 1567 - Richard Rich, 1st Baron Rich dies (b. 1490). Lord Chancellor of England.
- 1577 - Paul Guldin was born (d. 2 Nov 1643). Mathematicien. Gauldin Theorem: "If a plane figure is rotated about an axis in its plane then the volume of the solid body formed is equal to the product of the area with the distance travelled by the centre of gravity".
- 1647 - Thomas Farnaby dies. English grammarian.
- 1659 - Yamamoto Tsunetomo was born (d. 1719). Japanese samurai.
- 1665 - England installs a municipal government in New York City. This was the former Dutch settlement of New Amsterdam.
- 1675 - Duke Charles Emmanuel II of Savoy dies (b. 1634).
- 1701 - The Act of Settlement, the law that continues to regulate the succession to the throne of the United Kingdom, was passed by Parliament.
- 1707 - Bahadur Shah I won the Mughal throne of India by defeating his brother 'Azam Shah at the Battle of Jajau.
- 1734 - James Fitz James, 1st Duke of Berwick dies (b. 1670). French military commander.
- 1758 - French and Indian War: Siege of Louisbourg - James Wolfe's attack at Louisbourg, Nova Scotia commences.
- 1758 - Augustus William, Prince of Prussia dies (b. 1722).
- 1772 - Marc-Joseph Marion du Fresne dies (b. 1724). French explorer.
- 1775 - Karl Freiherr von Müffling was born (d. 1851). Prussian field marshal.
- 1777 - Robert Clark was born (d. 1837). American politician.
- 1778 - Philip Livingston dies (b. 1716). American signer of the Declaration of Independence.
- 1780 - José Xavier Mouzinho da Silveira was born (d. 1849). Portuguese politician.
- 1802 - Harriet Martineau was born (d. 1876). English controversial journalist, political economist, abolitionist and life-long feminist.
- 1806 - John A. Roebling was born (d. 1869). German-America civil engineer (Brooklyn Bridge).
- 1812 - Edmond Hébert was born (d. 1890). French geologist.
- 1816 - Pierre Augereau dies (b. 1757). Marshal of France and duc de Castiglione.
- 1818 - Egwale Seyon dies. Emperor of Ethiopia.
- 1819 - Charles Kingsley was born (d. 1875). English writer.
- 1827 - Johanna Spyri was born (d. 1901). Swiss author.
- 1830 - Beginning of the French colonization of Algeria: 34,000 French soldiers landed 27 kilometers west of Algiers, at Sidi Ferruch.
- 1834 - Foi fundada a Associação Comercial de Lisboa.
- 1845 - August Wilhelm von Schlegel dies in Bünn (b. 8 Sep 1767). German scholar and poet.
- 1850 - Roberto Ivens was born (d. 28 Jan 1898). Portuguese explorer.
- 1855 - Ernst Eduard Wiltheiss was born (d. 7 Jul 1900). German mathematician who was a founder member of the German Mathematical Society .
- 1856 - José María Alfaro Zamora dies. President of Costa Rica (1842-1844 and 1846-1847)
- 1860 - The State Bank of the Russian Empire established.
- 1861 - William Attewell was born (d. 1927). Nottinghamshire bowler.
- 1864 - American Civil War: Battle of Cold Harbor - General Ulysses S. Grant pulls his troops from their positions at Cold Harbor, Virginia and moves south.
- 1875 - Sam De Grasse was born (d. 1953). Canadian actor.
- 1875 - Publicado Zé Povinho, o personagem de Rafael Bordalo Pinheiro.
- 1888 - Zymunt Janiszewski was born in Warsow (d. 3 Jan 1920). Polish mathematician.
- 1890 - Egon Schiele was born (d. 1918). Austrian painter and graphic artist.
- 1892 - Djuna Barnes was born (d. 1982). American author.
- 1896 - J.T. Hearne sets a record for the earliest date of taking 100 first-class wickets.
- 1897 - Anthony Eden was born (d. 1977). Prime Minister of the United Kingdom.
- 1898 - Philippine Declaration of Independence: General Emilio Aguinaldo declares the Philippines' independence from Spain.
- 1899 - New Richmond Tornado: 8th deadliest tornado in U.S. history - killing 117 and injuring around 200 people.
- 1899 - Fritz Albert Lipmann was born (d. 1986). American biochemist, Nobel laureate.
- 1900 - Jean Frédéric Frenet dies (b. 7 Feb 1816). French mathematician.
- 1902 - Australia: Women in the four Australian States without female suffrage achieved the right to vote in Commonwealth elections under Section 3 of the Commonwealth Franchise Act for a Uniform Federal Franchise. Specifically excluded from enrolling to vote were 'aboriginal native[s] of Australia Africa Asia or the Islands of the Pacific except New Zealand' unless covered under Section 41 of the Constitution of Australia.
- 1902 - Hendrik Elias was born (d. 1973). Flemish politician.
- 1903 - Sigma Alpha Iota International Music Fraternity is founded at the University of Michigan School of Music.
- 1903 - Emmett Hardy was born (d. 1925). Jazz musician.
- 1904 - Camille de Renesse dies (b. 1836). Belgian Count.
- 1905 - Ray Barbuti was born (d. 1988). American athlete.
- 1906 - Sandro Penna was born (d. 1977). Italian poet.
- 1908 - Alphonse Ouimet was born (d. 1988). Canadian TV pioneer and president of the CBC
- 1908 - Marina Semenova was born. Russian ballerina.
- 1910 - Bill Naughton was born (d. 1992). English playwright.
- 1912 - Jameel Jalibi was born. Pakistani scholar, writer, and Urdu linguist.
- 1912 - Frédéric Passy dies (b. 1822). French economist, recipient of the Nobel Peace Prize.
- 1913 - Jean Victor Allard was born (d. 1996). Canadian army general.
- 1915 - Christopher Mayhew was born (d. 1997). British politician.
- 1915 - David Rockefeller was born. American banker.
- 1916 - Ivan Tors was born (d. 1983). Movie producer.
- 1916 - Irwin Allen was born (d. 1991). American film producer.
- 1917 - Teresa Carreño dies (b. 1853). Venezuelan pianist.
- 1918 - Samuel Z. Arkoff was born (d. 2001). American film producer.
- 1919 - Uta Hagen was born (d. 2004). American actress.
- 1920 - Dave Berg was born (d. 2002). American cartoonist for Mad Magazine.
- 1921 - Christopher Derrick was born (d. 2007). British writer.
- 1921 - (some sources say 1919) - Vera Ralston was born in Prague (d. 9 Feb 2003). Actress.
- 1921 - James Houston was born. Canadian artist.
- 1921 - Fundação do Figueirense Futebol Clube (Brasil).
- 1921 - Luis García Berlanga was born in Valencia. Spanish film director.
- 1922 - In Windsor Castle, King George V receives the colours of the six Irish regiments that are to be disbanded - the Royal Irish Regiment, the Connaught Rangers, the South Irish Horse, the Prince of Wales's Leinster Regiment, the Royal Munster Fusiliers and the Royal Dublin Fusiliers.
- 1923 - Monty Westmore was born (d. 2007). American make-up artist.
- 1924 - George H. W. Bush was born. Vice president of the United States (1981–89) and 41st President of the United States (1989-1993).
- 1926 - Brazil quit the League of Nations in protest over plans to admit Germany.
- 1926 - Jackie Pallo was born (d. 2006). English professional wrestler.
- 1928 - Richard M. Sherman was born. American songwriter.
- 1928 - Vic Damone was born. American singer.
- 1929 - Brigid Brophy was born. British writer.
- 1930 - Donald Byrne was born (d. 1976). American chess player.
- 1930 - Otto Schenk was born. Actor and director.
- 1930 - Jim Nabors was born. Actor and musician.
- 1931 - Charlie Parker equals cricket record for the earliest date to reach 100 wickets. Tich Freeman reaches 100 wickets a day later.
- 1931 - Santiago Rusiñol dies. Spanish painter.
- 1932 - Mamo Wolde was born (d. 2002). Ethiopian athlete.
- 1932 - Rona Jaffe was born. American novelist.
- 1933 - Carmen Veronica was born in Recife. Brazilian actress.
- 1933 - Eddie Adams was born (d. 2004). American photographer, won Pulitzer Prize.
- 1934 - John A. Alonzo was born (d. 2001). American cinematographer.
- 1935 - Christoph Meckel was born. Writer
- 1937 - Vladimir Arnold was born. Russian mathematician.
- 1937 - Antal Festetics was born. Austrian biologist.
- 1938 - Tom Oliver was born. Australian actor.
- 1939 - Shooting begins on Paramount Pictures' Dr. Cyclops, the first horror film photographed in three-strip Technicolor.
- 1939 - The Baseball Hall of Fame and Museum is dedicated in Cooperstown, New York.
- 1939 - Frank McCloskey was born (d. 2003). American politician.
- 1940 - World War II: 13,000 British and French troops surrender to Field Marshal Erwin Rommel at St. Valery-en-Caux.
- 1941 - Chick Corea was born. American musician.
- 1941 - Marv Albert was born. American sportscaster.
- 1941 - Roy Harper was born. English musician.
- 1942 - Bert Sakmann was born. German physiologist, Nobel laureate
- 1942 - Len Barry was born. American singer and musicien (The Dovells)
- 1943 - Holocaust: German Nazis liquidate Jewish Ghetto in Berezhany, western Ukraine. On Saturday morning, 1,180 Jews of Berezhany were led to face death at city's old Jewish graveyard, where they had been shot into a mass grave.
- 1945 - Pat Jennings was born. Northern Irish football player (goal-keeper).
- 1945 - Boris Grigorievich Galerkin dies in Moscow (b. 4 Mar 1871 in Polotsk, Belarus). Mathematician.
- 1946 - Harry Glasper was born. English writer.
- 1946 - Michel Bergeron was born. NHL head coach.
- 1948 - Hans Binder was born. Austrian racing driver.
- 1949 - Marc Tardif was born. Canadian ice hockey player.
- 1949 - John Wetton was born. English musician (Asia).
- 1950 - João Freitas dies. Portuguese historian.
- 1951 - Andranik Margaryan was born (d. 2007). 14th Prime Minister of Armenia
- 1951 - Bun E. Carlos was born. American musician (Cheap Trick)
- 1952 - Pete Farndon was born (d. 1983). English musician (The Pretenders).
- 1952 - Spencer Abraham was born. Secretary of Energy under George W. Bush
- 1953 - Allan Weiner was born. American radio station owner
- 1954 - Canonización de Domingo Savio por el papa Pío XII.
- 1956 - Terry Alderman was born. Australian cricketer.
- 1956 - Rob Collins was born (d. 1996). English musician (The Charlatans).
- 1957 - Timothy Busfield was born. American actor
- 1957 - Javed Miandad was born. Pakistani cricketer and coach, Pakistan national cricket team
- 1957 - Jimmy Dorsey dies (b. 1904). American musician.
- 1958 - Rebecca Holden was born. American actress and singer
- 1959 - John Linnell was born. American musician (They Might Be Giants)
- 1959 - Scott Thompson was born. Canadian comedian (Kids in the Hall)
- 1961 - Jim Goad was born. American author.
- 1962 - Three escape from Alcatraz: three inmates convicted of bank robbery are missing from America's most notorious prison in California.
- 1962 - Julio Cesar Chavez was born. Mexican boxeur who was World Champion.
- 1962 - Paul Clark was born. English musician (The Bolshoi).
- 1962 - John Ireland dies (b. 1879). English composer.
- 1963 - Civil rights leader Medgar Evers is shot dead in front of his home in Jackson, Mississippi by Ku Klux Klan member Byron De La Beckwith.
- 1963 - Cleopatra starring Elizabeth Taylor, Rex Harrison and Richard Burton premieres at the Rivoli Theatre in New York City.
- 1963 - Warwick Capper was born. Australian rules footballer.
- 1963 - Jerry Lynn was born. American professional wrestler.
- 1963 - Johnny Weiss was born. American professional wrestler.
- 1963 - Medgar Evers dies (b. 1925). American civil rights activist.
- 1964 - Anti-apartheid activist and ANC leader Nelson Mandela is sentenced to life in prison for sabotage in South Africa.
- 1964 - Paula Marshall was born. American actress.
- 1965 - Filip Topol was born. Czech musician and writer.
- 1965 - Vicky Vette was born. Norwegian-born adult film actress.
- 1966 - Hermann Scherchen dies (b. 1891). German conductor.
- 1967 - The United States Supreme Court in Loving v. Virginia declares all U.S. state laws which prohibit interracial marriage to be unconstitutional.
- 1967 - Venera program: Venera 4 is launched (it will become the first space probe to enter another planet's atmosphere and successfully return data).
- 1967 - Frances O'Connor was born. Australian actress.
- 1968 - Scott Aldred was born. American baseball player.
- 1968 - Bobby Sheehan was born (d. 1999). American musician (Blues Traveler).
- 1969 - Zsolt Daczi was born (d. 2007). Hungarian guitarist (Omen, Bikini).
- 1969 - Mathieu Schneider, American ice hockey player
- 1969 - Alexander Deyneka dies (b. 1899). Ukrainian painter.
- 1971 - Mark Henry dies. American professional wrestler.
- 1971 - Ryan Klesko dies. American baseball player.
- 1972 - Bounty Killer dies. Jamaican deejay.
- 1972 - Ludwig von Bertalanffy dies. Austrian biologist.
- 1973 - Victor Ikpeba was born. Nigerian footballer.
- 1973 - Takis Fyssas was born. Greek footballer.
- 1973 - Darryl White was born. Australian rules footballer.
- 1974 - Flávio da Conceição. Brazilian footballer.
- 1974 - Hideki Matsui was born. Japanese baseball player.
- 1974 - Jason Mewes was born. American actor
- 1974 - Kerry Kittles was born. American basketball player
- 1975 - España: se inaugura en Barcelona la Fundació Miró.
- 1975 - Gandhi found guilty of corruption : Indian Prime Minister Indira Gandhi is barred from holding office for six years after she being found guilty of electoral corruption.
- 1976 - Thomas Sørensen was born. Danish footballer.
- 1976 - Antawn Jamison was born. American basketball player.
- 1977 - Kenny Wayne Shepherd was born. American blues-rock guitarist.
- 1977 - Wade Redden was born. Canadian ice hockey player.
- 1978 - David Berkowitz, the "Son of Sam" killer in New York City, is sentenced to 365 years in prison for six killings.
- 1978 - Guo Moruo dies (b. 1892). Chinese writer.
- 1979 - Dallas Clark was born. American football player.
- 1979 - Wil Horneff was born. American actor.
- 1980 - Larry Foote was born. American football player.
- 1980 - Marco Bortolami was born. Italian rugby union player.
- 1980 - Billy Butlin dies (b. 1899). Founder of the brand of holiday venues known as Butlins.
- 1980 - Milburn Stone dies (b. 1904). American actor.
- 1980 - Masayoshi Ohira dies (b. 1910). Prime minister of Japan.
- 1980 - Egon Sharpe Pearson dies (b. 11 Aug 1895). English mathematician.
- 1981 - Major League Baseball players begin a 49 day strike over the issue of free-agent compensation.
- 1981 - Adriana Lima was born. Brazilian supermodel.
- 1982 - 750,000 people rally against nuclear weapons in New York City's Central Park. Jackson Browne, James Taylor, Bruce Springsteen, and Linda Ronstadt are in attendance.
- 1982 - Ben Blackwell was born. American musician.
- 1982 - Jason David was born. American football player.
- 1982 - Marie Rambert dies. British ballet dancer and teacher.
- 1982 - Karl von Frisch dies (b. 1886). Austrian zoologist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine.
- 1983 - Bryan Habana was born. South African rugby player
- 1983 - Christine Sinclair was born. Canadian soccer player
- 1983 - Norma Shearer dies (b. 1902). Canadian actress.
- 1985 - Portugal (represented by Mario Soares) and 8 hours later Spain sign treaty of adhesion to European Economic Comunity.
- 1985 - Blake Ross was born. American software developer
- 1985 - Tasha-Ray Evin was born. Canadian musician (Lillix)
- 1985 - Kendra Wilkinson was born. American Playboy bunny/Playmate
- 1985 - Chris Young was born. American musician
- 1985 - Marcela Paz (Esther Huneus de Claro) dies. Chilean writer.
- 1985 - Loo-Keng Hua dies in Tokyo (b. 12 Nov 1910 in Jintan, Jiangsu Province, China Mathematician.
- 1987 - The Central African Republic's former Emperor Jean-Bédel Bokassa is sentenced to death for crimes he had committed during his 13-year rule.
- 1987 - Cold War: U.S. President Ronald Reagan publicly challenges Mikhail Gorbachev to tear down the Berlin Wall.
- 1988 - The Republic of Ireland beat England 1-0 at Euro88 thanks to a Ray Houghton headed goal. This was Ireland's first competitive match at a major football tournament.
- 1989 - Lou Monte dies (b. 1917). American singer.
- 1990 - Russia Day – The parliament of the Russian Federation formally declares its sovereignty.
- 1991 - Russians elect Boris Yeltsin as the president of their republic.
- 1991 - Michael Jordan and the Chicago Bulls win their first National Basketball Association championship. The Bulls beat the Los Angeles Lakers four games to one.
- 1991 - A series of major explosions began inside Mount Pinatubo, a volcano in western Luzon, Philippines - its first eruption in 600 years.
- 1991 - Nicolas Bijan Pakzad dies (b. 1991). Son of famous fashion designer Bijan.
- 1993 - The Los Angeles radio station KROQ opens the first annual of their live concert Weenie Roat with Terence Trent D'Arby, Dramarama, Gin Blossoms, The Lemonheads, The London Suede, The Posies, Rocket From the Crypt, Bettie Serveert, Stone Temple Pilots, The The and X.
- 1993 - Presidencial elections in Nigeria. Chief Moshood Kashimawo Olawale Abiola (popularly known and called M. K. O.), an international businessman and politician, who was the candidate of the Social Democratic Party overwhelmingly defeated rival Alhaji Bashir Tofa, candidate of the National Republican Convention. After most of the results were announced, the election was annulled by military president Ibrahim Babangida
- 1994 - Nicole Brown Simpson and Ronald Goldman are murdered outside her home in Los Angeles, California. O. J. Simpson is later acquitted of the killings, but is held liable in a civil suit.
- 1994 - German districts Röbel and Waren are merged to form Müritz
- 1994 - At the Tony Awards, "Angels in America: Perestroika" won best play while "Passion" won best musical.
- 1994 - Ronald Goldman dies (b. 1969). American actor and model.
- 1994 - Nicole Brown Simpson dies (b. 1959). American ex-wife of O.J. Simpson
- 1994 - Rabbi Menachem Mendel Schneerson dies (b. 1902). Lubavitcher Rebbe.
- 1994 - Christopher Collins dies (b. 1949). American actor and comedian.
- 1995 - Arturo Benedetti Michelangeli dies (b. 1920). Italian pianist.
- 1996 - In Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, a panel of federal judges blocks a law against indecency on the internet.
- 1996 - Ilona Ference dies at 78. Actress (Quatermass II, Star of My Night).
- 1996 - Romeu Correia dies in Almada (b. 17 Nov. 1917). Portuguese writer.
- 1997 - Interleague play begins in baseball, ending a 126-year tradition of separating the major leagues until the World Series.
- 1997 - The United States Department of the Treasury unveils a new $50 bill meant to be more counterfeit-resistant.
- 1997 - Mary Robinson, Pres. of Ireland, was named the top human rights official for the United Nations.
- 1997 - William Cuddy was born. Canadian actor
- 1997 - Bulat Okudzhava dies (b. 1924). Russian writer and musician.
- 1998 - A jury in Hattiesburg, Mississippi, convicts 17-year-old Luke Woodham of killing two students and wounding seven others at Pearl High School.
- 1998 - The Philippines celebrates its centennial year of Independence from Spain.
- 1998 - David Mestre (Luís Filipe Guimarães da Mota Veiga) dies in Lisbon, Portugal (b. 1948). Angolan poet.
- 1999 - Kosovo War: Operation Joint Guardian begins - NATO-led United Nations peacekeeping force KFor enter the province of Kosovo in Federal Republic of Yugoslavia.
- 2000 - Luis Figo scores one of the greatest goals of all time against England at the UEFA European Championship. Portugal won 3-2 after have being to lose 0-2
- 2000 - Sandro Rosa do Nascimento takes hostages while robbing Bus #174 in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; the highly-publicized standoff becomes a media circus and ends with the death of do Nascimento and a hostage.
- 2000 - Hafez-Al-Assad dies. King of Syria.
- 2000 - P.L.Deshpande dies (b. 1919). Marathi writer.
- 2002 - Bill Blass dies (b. 1922). American fashion designer.
- 2003 - Gregory Peck dies (b. 1916). American actor.
- 2003 - Itamar Assumpção dies (b. 13 Sep 1949). Brazilian musician, poet and composer.
- 2004 - The Los Angeles radio station KROQ opens the twelfth annual of their live concert Weenie Roast with Bad Religion, Beastie Boys, Cypress Hill, The Hives, Hoobastank, The Killers, Modest Mouse, New Found Glory, Story of the Year, The Strokes, Velvet Revolver, Yeah Yeah Yeahs and Yellowcard.
- 2004 - A 1.3 kg chondrite type meteorite struck a house in Ellerslie, New Zealand causing serious damage but no injuries.
- 2004 - Portugal Euro 2004 begins with Open Cerimony in Dragão's Stadium (Porto). Portugal lost in front Greece (1-2). Portugal reached the final against Greece and lost again (0-1). Começa em Portugal o Campeonato Europeu de Futebol
- 2005 - Scott Young dies (b. 1918). Canadian sports novelist and educationist.
- 2006 - György Ligeti dies (b. 1923). Hungarian composer.
- 2006 - Kenneth Roy Thomson, 2nd Baron Thomson of Fleet dies (b. 1923). Canadian businessman and art collector.
- 2007 - Justin Verlander of the Detroit Tigers pitches a no-hitter.
- 2007 - Don Herbert aka "Mr. Wizard" dies (b. 1917). American television host.
- 2008 - Metal Gear Solid 4: Guns of the Patriots launches worldwide.
- 2008 - Derek Tapscott dies (b. 1932). Welsh footballer.
- Philippines - Araw ng Kalayaan (Independence Day) 1898.
- Russian Federation - Russia Day (Independence Day) 1990.
- United Kingdom - Trooping the Colour (Military celebration of the monarch's official birthday held in London on the second Saturday of June).
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