On This day in History - Jun. 1
- 0195 BC - Gaozu of Han of China dies (b. 256 BC or 247 BC).
- 0987 - Hugh Capet is elected king of France.
- 1076 - Prince Mstislav of Kiev was born (d. 1132).
- 1204 - King Philip Augustus of France conquers Rouen.
- 1215 - Beijing, then under the control of the Jurchen ruler Emperor Xuanzong of Jin, is captured by the Mongols under Genghis Khan, ending the Battle of Beijing.
- 1283 - Treaty of Rheinfelden - Duke Rudolph II of Austria has to waive his right to the Duchies of Austria and Styria.
- 1300 - Thomas of Brotherton was born (d. 1338). 1st Earl of Norfolk, son of Edward I of England.
- 1434 - Wladislaus II of Poland dies.
- 1480 - Tiedemann Giese was born (d. 1550). Polish Catholic bishop.
- 1485 - Matthias of Hungary took Vienna in his conquest of Austria (from Frederick III) and made the city his capital.
- 1495 - Friar John Cor records the first known batch of scotch whisky.
- 1503 - Wilhelm von Grumbach was born (d. 1567). German adventurer.
- 1563 - Robert Cecil, 1st Earl of Salisbury was born (d. 1612). English statesman and spymaster.
- 1571 - John Story dies, English Catholic.
- 1633 - Geminiano Montanari was born (d. 1687). Italian astronomer.
- 1637 - Jacques Marquette was born (d. 1675). French Jesuit missionary and explorer.
- 1641 - Tratado de aliança e confederação entre D. João IV e o rei de França.
- 1653 - Georg Muffat was born (d. 1704). French composer.
- 1660 - Mary Dyer is hanged in Boston, Massachusetts for defying a law banning Quakers from the colony. She is considered to be the last religious martyr in North America.
- 1675 - Francesco Scipione, marchese di Maffei was born (d. 1755). Italian archaeologist.
- 1679 - The Scottish Covenanters defeat John Graham of Claverhouse at the Battle of Drumclog.
- 1710 - David Mitchell dies (b. 1642). British admiral.
- 1740 - Samuel Werenfels dies (b. 1657). Swiss theologian.
- 1762 - Edmund Ignatius Rice was bon (d. 1844). Irish founder of the Christian Brothers and Presentation Brothers.
- 1765 - Christiane Vulpius was born (d. 1816). Wife of Johann Wolfgang von Goethe.
- 1769 - Edward Holyoke dies (b. 1689). President of Harvard University.
- 1771 - Ferdinando Paer was born (d. 1839). Italian composer.
- 1779 - American Revolutionary War: Benedict Arnold is court-martialed for malfeasance in his treatment of government property.
- 1780 - Carl von Clausewitz was born (d. 1831). Prussian general and military theorist.
- 1790 - Ferdinand Raimund was born (d. 1836). Austrian playwright.
- 1794 - The battle of the Glorious First of June is fought, the first naval engagement between Britain and France during the French Revolutionary Wars.
- 1795 - Pierre-Joseph Desault dies (b. 1744). French anatomist.
- 1796 - Tennessee is admitted as the 16th state of the United States.
- 1796 - Nicolas Léonard Sadi Carnot was born (d. 24 Aug 1832). French physicist: pioneer in thermodynamics: discovered the 2nd law of thermodynamics.
- 1800 - Edward Deas Thomson was born(d. 1879). Australian politician.
- 1801 - Brigham Young was born (d. 1877). Mormon church leader and American western settler.
- 1804 - Mikhail Glinka was born (d. 1857). Russian composer.
- 1812 - War of 1812: U.S. President James Madison asks the U.S. Congress to declare war on the United Kingdom.
- 1813 - The United States Navy gained its motto as the mortally wounded commander of the frigate Chesapeake, Capt. James Lawrence, said, 'Don't give up the ship'.
- 1815 - Napoleon swears fidelity to the Constitution of France.
- 1815 - Philip Kearny was born (d. 1862). American general.
- 1815 - King Otto of Greece was born (d. 1862).
- 1815 - Louis Alexandre Berthier dies (b. 1853). French marshal.
- 1823 - Louis Nicolas Davout dies (b. 1770). French marshal.
- 1826 - Carl Bechstein was born (d. 1900). Piano manufacturer.
- 1826 - Jean Frédéric Oberlin dies (b. 1740). Alsatian pastor.
- 1830 - Sahajanand Swami dies (b. 1781). Believed to be an incarnation of god by his followers, leaves his mortal body.
- 1831 - James Clark Ross discovers the North Magnetic Pole.
- 1831 - John Bell Hood was born (d. 1879). American Confederate general.
- 1833 - John Marshall Harlan was born (d. 1911). Justice of the U.S. Supreme Court.
- 1841 - David Wilkie dies (b. 1785). Scottish artist.
- 1843 - Henry Faulds was born (d. 1930). Scottish fingerprinting pioneer.
- 1844 - John J. Toffey was born (d. 1911). American Civil War hero.
- 1846 - Pope Gregory XVI dies (b. 1765).
- 1847 - Zeta Psi Fraternity is founded.
- 1851 - Isaac_Peral was born (d. 1895). Spanish scientist, sailor and inventor of the Peral Submarine
- 1857 - Charles Baudelaire's Fleurs du mal is published.
- 1859 - António Feijó was born (d. 1917). Portuguese poet. /Nasce em Ponte de Lima o poeta António Feijó (m. Estocolmo 1917).
- 1862 - American Civil War: Battle of Fair Oaks ends - Both sides claim victory.
- 1864 - Hong Xiuquan dies (b. 1812). Chinese rebel.
- 1868 - Treaty of Bosque Redondo signed allowing the Navajos to return to their lands in Arizona and New Mexico.
- 1868 - James Buchanan dies (b. 1791). 15th President of the United States.
- 1872 - James Gordon Bennett, Sr. dies (b. 1795). American newspaper publisher.
- 1873 - Joseph Howe dies (b. 1804). Canadian politician.
- 1876 - Hristo Botev dies (b. 1848). Bulgarian revolutionary.
- 1878 - John Masefield was born (d. 1967). English novelist and Poet Laureate.
- 1879 - Napoleon Eugene, the last dynastic Bonaparte, is killed in the Anglo-Zulu War.
- 1879 - Eugene Louis Napoleon, Prince of France, is killed in the Zulu Wars.
- 1881 - Charles Kay Ogden was born. English writer and linguist.
- 1882 - Giuseppe Garibaldi dies in Italy.
- 1886 - The railroads of the Southern United States convert 11,000 miles of track from a five foot rail gauge to standard gauge, beginning May 31.
- 1890 - Frank Morgan was born (d. 1949). American actor.
- 1890 - The United States Census Bureau begins using Herman Hollerith's tabulating machine to count census returns.
- 1890 - Camilo Castelo Branco commites suicide (b. 1825). Portuguese writer/ Por suicídio morreu o escritor Camilo Castelo Branco (n. 1825), autor de obras como Doze Casamentos Felizes e Amor de Perdição.
- 1893 - Silva Porto dies. Portuguese painter.
- 1897 - General José Maria Reina Barrios assume a Presidencia da Guatemala e instala um regime ditatorial.
- 1898 - Molly Picon was born (d. 1992). American actress.
- 1899 - Edward Charles Titchmarsh was born (d. 1963). English mathematician.
- 1901 - Hap Day was born (d. 1990). Canadian hockey player and manager.
- 1901 - John Van Druten was born (d. 1957). English screen writer.
- 1901 - Hap Day was born (d. 1990). Canadian hockey player and manager.
- 1903 - Blessed Vasyl Velychkovsky was born (d. 1973). Bishop and Martyr.
- 1906 - Club Atlético Talleres is founded in Argentine.
- 1907 - Cricket: Colin Blythe takes 17 wickets for 48 runs against Northamptonshire at Northampton in one day. It is the best analysis ever recorded either for a county cricket match or a single day's bowling, and not bettered in first-class cricket until 1956.
- 1907 - Frank Whittle was born (d. 1996). English inventor of the jet engine.
- 1909 - Hans Vogt was born (d. 1986). Norwegian linguist.
- 1910 - Robert Falcon Scott's South Pole expedition leaves England.
- 1913 - Bill Deedes was born (d. 2007). British journalist.
- 1915 - John Randolph was born (d. 2004). American actor.
- 1917 - William S. Knowles was born. American chemist, Nobel Prize laureate.
- 1918 - World War I: Battle for Belleau Wood begins. Allied Forces under John J. Pershing and James Harbord engage Imperial German Forces under Wilhelm, German Crown Prince.
- 1920 - Adolfo de la Huerta becomes president of Mexico.
- 1921 - Nelson Riddle was born (d. 1985). American Grammy Award-winning orchestra leader, arranger.
- 1922 - Royal Ulster Constabulary founded.
- 1922 - Joan Caulfield was born (d. 1991). American actress.
- 1922 - Joan Copeland was born. American actress.
- 1922 - Povel Ramel was born. Swedish musician.
- 1924 - Dr. William Sloane Coffin Jr. was born (d. 2006). American clergyman.
- 1925 - Lou Gehrig of the New York Yankees played the first game in his record streak of 2,130 consecutive games, an endurance record in major league baseball that stood till Cal Ripken, Jr. broke it in 1995.
- 1926 - Ignacy Mocicki is elected president of Poland.
- 1926 - Andy Griffith was born. American actor.
- 1926 - Marilyn Monroe [Norma Jean Mortensen] was born in Los Angeles (d. 05 Aug 1962). American actress ( Gentleman Prefer Blondes, The Seven-Year Itch, Some Like It Hot, Bus Stop, The Asphalt Jungle, Diamonds are a Girl’s Best Friend, The Misfits, Scudda-Hoo!Scudda-Hay!; famous centerfold: Playboy [1952].
- 1927 - J. B. Bury dies (b. 1861). Irish historian.
- 1928 - Georgi Dobrovolski was born. Soviet cosmonaut.
- 1928 - Bob Monkhouse was born (d. 2003). English comedian and game show host.
- 1930 - Edward Woodward was born. English actor.
- 1930 - John Lemmon was born (d. 1966). English logician.
- 1930 - Maria de Lurdes Modesto was born. Portuguese chef and publicist.
- 1930 - Eugénio Tavares dies. Cape-Verdean poet.
- 1933 - Charles Wilson was born. American politician.
- 1934 - Pat Boone (Charles Eugene Boone) was born. American singer.
- 1935 - The first driving tests are introduced in Britain.
- 1935 - Fernand Bouisson becomes Prime-Minister of France.
- 1935 - Reverend Ike was born. American televangelist.
- 1936 - Gerald Scarfe was born. British cartoonist and illustrator.
- 1937 - Morgan Freeman was born. American actor (Driving Miss Daisy, Glory, Unforgiven, Robin Hood: Prince of Thieves, Queen, Another World, Outbreak, Amistad, Deep Impact; director: Bopha).
- 1937 - Rosaleen Linehan was born. Irish actress.
- 1937 - Colleen McCullough was born. Australian novelist (The Thorn Birds).
- 1938 - Action Comics issues the first Superman comic.
- 1939 - Cleavon Little was born (d. 1992). American actor.
- 1940 - The Leninist Communist Youth League of the Karelo-Finnish SSR holds its first congress.
- 1940 - The Brooklyn-Manhattan Transit Corporation goes out of business, giving the City of New York full control of the subway system in the city.
- 1940 - René Auberjonois was born. American actor.
- 1940 - Kip Thorne was born. American physicist.
- 1941 - Germany banned all Catholic publications.
- 1941 - The Farhud, a pogrom in Iraqi Jews, took place in baghdad.
- 1941 - Hans Berger dies (b. 1873). German neuroscientist.
- 1942 - World War II: The Liberty Brigade, a Warsaw underground newspaper, published the news of the death camp killings for the very first time. It told the story of Emanuel Ringelblum, who escaped from Chelmno after being forced to bury the exterminated bodies.
- 1943 - British Overseas Airways Corporation Flight 777 is shot down over the Bay of Biscay by German Junkers Ju 88s, killing actor Leslie Howard and leading to speculation the downing was an attempt to kill British Prime Minister Winston Churchill.
- 1943 - Leslie Howard dies (b. 1893). English actor.
- 1943 – Wilfrid B. Israel dies. Jewish activist.
- 1944 - O governo português suspende as exportações de volfrâmio para os países em guerra. A decisão prejudica sobretudo a Alemanha.
- 1944 - Ivan Ivanov Bagrianov assume o cargo de primeiro-ministro da Bulgária.
- 1944 - Robert Powell was born. English actor.
- 1945 - Frederica von Stade was born. American mezzo-soprano.
- 1945 - Linda Scott was born. American singer.
- 1946 - Brian Cox was born. Scottish actor.
- 1946 - Ion Antonescu is executed (b. 1882). Romanian prime minister and dictator.
- 1947 - Jonathan Pryce was born. British actor.
- 1948 - Michel Plasse was born (d. 2006). French Canadian ice hockey player.
- 1948 - Tom Sneva was born (d. 1983). American race car driver and Indianapolis 500 winner.
- 1948 – Alex Gard dies (b. 1900). Russian-born caricaturist.
- 1948 - Sonny Boy Williamson dies. American blues musician.
- 1948 - Viana da Mota dies. Portuguese composer and pianist.
- 1950 - Wayne Nelson was born. American musician (Little River Band).
- 1952 - John Dewey dies. American philosopher and educational theorist.
- 1953 - Ronnie Dunn was born. American musician (Brooks & Dunn).
- 1954 - The Peanuts comic strip character Linus van Pelt is shown with a security blanket for the first time.
- 1954 - Emile Zatopek runs record 6 mile: (27:59.2)/10,000m (28:54.2).
- 1954 - Martin Andersen Nexø dies (b. 1869). Danish writer.
- 1955 - Ralph Morse was born. British actor, singer and writer of historical dramas.
- 1956 - First international flight (to YUL) from the Atlanta Municipal Airport (ATL; now Hartsfield-Jackson Atlanta International Airport, and currently the world's busiest airport).
- 1956 - Lisa Hartman was born. American actress.
- 1957 - Dorota Kędzierzawska was born. Polish film director.
- 1958 - Charles De Gaulle is brought out of retirement to lead France by decree for six months.
- 1958 - Ahron Bregman was born. Israeli author and journalist.
- 1959 - Constitution of Tunisia promulgated (National Day).
- 1959 - Martin Brundle was born. British Formula One driver.
- 1959 - Sax Rohmer dies (b. 1883). English author.
- 1960 - Simon Gallup was born. English bassist (The Cure).
- 1960 - Lester Patrick dies (b. 1883). Ice hockey star.
- 1960 – Paula Hitler dies (b. 1896). Sister of Adolf Hitler.
- 1960 - Teodoro Picado Michalski dies. President of Costa Rica (1944-1948).
- 1961 - Paul Coffey was born. Canadian hockey star.
- 1962 - Adolf Eichmann dies hanged in Israel (b. 1906). Nazi official.
- 1963 - Kenya gains internal self-rule (Madaraka Day).
- 1963 - Mike Joyce was born. English drummer (The Smiths).
- 1964 - Mark Curry was born. American comedian and actor.
- 1965 - Explosion at Fukuoka, Japan kills 237 coal miners.
- 1965 - Larisa Lazutina was born. Russian cross-country skier.
- 1965 - Nigel Short was born. English chess player.
- 1965 - Earl "Curly" Lambeau dies (b. 1898). American football coach.
- 1966 - Greg Schiano was born. American football coach.
- 1966 - Papa Jack Laine dies (b. 1873). American jazz musician.
- 1967 - Don Dunstan becomes Premier of South Australia.
- 1967 - The Groundbreaking Sgt. Pepper's Lonely Hearts Club Band album by The Beatles is released.
- 1967 - Roger Sanchez was born. American disc jockey.
- 1968 - Jeff Hackett was born. Canadian hockey player.
- 1968 - Jason Donovan was born. Australian actor.
- 1968 – André Laurendeau dies (b. 1912). French Canadian writer, journalist and politician.
- 1968 - Helen Keller dies (b. 1880). American humanitarian. She had been deaf and blind since the age of 18 months. During her life she learned to speak, ride horses, and the waltz. he also graduated from Radcliffe cum laude.
- 1969 - Teri Polo was born. American actress.
- 1969 - Ivar Ballangrud dies (b. 1904). Norwegian ice skater.
- 1970 - Alexi Lalas was born. American soccer player.
- 1970 - Karen Mulder was born. Dutch supermodel.
- 1970 - R. Madhavan was born. Indian actor.
- 1971 - Vietnam War: Vietnam Veterans for a Just Peace, claiming to represent the majority of U.S. veterans who served in Southeast Asia, speak against war protests.
- 1971 - Mario Cimarro was born. Cuban actor.
- 1971 - Reinhold Niebuhr dies (b. 1892). American theologist.
- 1973 - Adam Garcia was born. Australian actor.
- 1973 - Heidi Klum was born. German supermodel.
- 1973 - Derek Lowe was born. American baseball pitcher.
- 1973 - É proclamada a República na Grécia, presidida pelo general Papadopoulos de forma provisória.
- 1973 - Mary Kornman dies (b. 1915). American actress.
- 1974 - Flixborough disaster: Explosion at a chemical plant kills 28 people.
- 1974 - Heimlich maneuver for rescuing choking victims published in the journal Emergency Medicine.
- 1974 - Alanis Morissette was born. Canadian singer.
- 1974 - Michael Rasmussen was born. Danish cyclist.
- 1974 - Melissa Sagemiller was born. American actress.
- 1974 - Akis Zikos was born. Greek footballer.
- 1975 - James Storm was born. American professional wrestler.
- 1975 - Michal Grosek was born. Czech hockey player.
- 1977 - Danielle Harris was born. American voice actress.
- 1977 - Danielle Harris was born. American actress.
- 1977 - Sarah Wayne Callies was born. American actress.
- 1977 - Brad Wilkerson was born. American ice hockey player.
- 1977 - Richard Williams was born. British racing driver.
- 1978 - The first international applications under the Patent Cooperation Treaty are filed.
- 1978 - FIFA World Cup begins in Argentine.
- 1979 - Vizianagaram district is formed in Andhra Pradesh, India.
- 1979 - Santana Moss was born. American football player.
- 1979 - Werner Forssmann dies (b. 1904). German physician, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine.
- 1980 - Oliver James was born. British actor.
- 1980 – Arthur Nielsen dies (b. 1897). American market analyst.
- 1980 - Rube Marquard dies (b. 1886). American Baseball Hall of Famer.
- 1981 - Carlos Zambrano was born. Venezuelan Major League Baseball player.
- 1982 - Justine Henin-Hardenne was born. Belgian tennis player.
- 1984 - Oliver Tielemans was born. Dutch racing driver.
- 1984 - José Napoleón Duarte Fuentes assume (pela 2º vez) a presidência de El Salvador.
- 1985 - Alan García is proclaimed President of Peru.
- 1985 - Mário Hipólito was born. Angolan footballer.
- 1985 - Nick Young was born. American basketball player.
- 1985 - Richard Greene dies (b. 1918). British actor.
- 1986 - Jo Gartner dies (b. 1958). Austrian racing driver.
- 1987 - Realizou-se, pela primeira vez em Portugal, um transplante terapêutico da medula.
- 1987 - Zoltán Harsányi was born. Slovakian footballer.
- 1987 - Errol W Barrow, Prime Minister of Barbados (1961-76), dies at 67.
- 1987 - Rashid Karami dies (b. 1921). Lebanese statesman.
- 1988 - Nami Tamaki was born. Japanese pop singer.
- 1989 - Oba Chandler murders an Ohio family on their Florida vacation by drowning in Tampa Bay.
- 1989 - Em Portugal, foi aprovada a Segunda Revisão Constitucional.
- 1989 - Aurelio Lampredi dies (b. 1917). Italian mechanical engineer (Ferrari).
- 1990 - U.S. President George H. W. Bush and Soviet Union leader Mikhail Gorbachev sign a treaty to end chemical weapon production and start destroying each of their nation's stockpiles.
- 1991 - David Ruffin dies (b. 1941). American singer (The Temptations).
- 1993 - Guatemala president Jorge Serrano overthrown by army.
- 1994 - Frances Heflin dies (b. 1923). American soap opera actress.
- 1996 - Neelam Sanjiva Reddy dies (b. 1913). President of India (1977 - 1982).
- 1997 - Hugo Banzer wins the Presidential elections in Bolivia.
- 1997 - George_Livanos dies (b. 1926). Greek shipowner.
- 1998 - Darwin Joston dies (b. 1937). American actor.
- 1999 - Christopher Sydney Cockerell dies (b . 1910). British engineer and inventor.
- 1999 - DeForest Kelley dies (b. 1920). American actor.
- 2000 - The Expo 2000 opened in Hanover (Germany) and ran to Oct 31.
- 2000 - The Patent Law Treaty (PLT) is signed.
- 2001 - Dipendra of Nepal slaughters his family during dinner.
- 2001 - Hank Ketcham dies (b. 1920). American cartoonist, creator of Dennis the Menace.
- 2001 - King Birendra (b. 1945), Queen Aiswarya and other ten members of Royal Family of Nepal die shot by Prince Dipendra, during a dinner, before shooting himself . There was an apparent dispute over his upcoming marriage.
- 2002 - Hansie Cronje dies (b. 1969). South African cricketer.
- 2002 - A Selecção da Alemanha derrota a Arábia Saudita por 8-0 para o Campeonato do Mundo de Futebol 2002.
- 2003 - The People's Republic of China begins filling the reservoir behind the massive Three Gorges Dam, raising the water level near the dam over 100 meters.
- 2003 - Gerhard Rentzsch dies. Radio play author.
- 2003 - Johnny Hopp dies (b. 1916). American baseball player.
- 2004 - Realiza-se em Bona - Alemanha a Conferência Mundial sobre Energias Renováveis
- 2004 - A australiana Jennifer Hawkins é eleita Miss Universo 2004 no Equador.
- 2004 - William Manchester dies (b. 1922). American biographer and novelist.
- 2005 - The Dutch referendum on the European Constitution results in its rejection.
- 2005 - The longest oil/natural gas explosion in the Houston, Texas area occurred in Crosby, Texas. The drill was owned by the Louisiana Oil and Gas Company.
- 2005 - George Mikan dies (b. 1924). American basketball player.
- 2006 - Rocío Jurado dies (b. 1944). Spanish singer and actress.
- 2007 - Jack Kevorkian was released from prison after serving eight years of his 10-25 year prison term for second-degree murder in the 1998 death of Thomas Youk, 52, of Oakland County, Michigan.
- 2007 - Smoking is banned from United Kingdom's public places.
- 2007 - Arn Shein dies (b. 1928). American sports writer.
- 2007 - Tony Thompson dies (b. 1975). Singer in R&B group Hi-Five.
- 2008 - A fire at the backlot of Universal Studios Hollywood destroys several icons from movies, such as Courthouse Square, the clock tower from Back to the Future, and the King Kong exhibit on the studio tour.
- 2008 - Tommy Lapid dies (b. 1931). Israeli journalist and politician.
- 2008 – Yves Saint Laurent dies (b. 1936). French fashion designer.
- Children's Day in some countries.
- Commemoration of Justin Martyr (Anglican).
- Kenya Madaraka Day 1963.
- Roman Empire - Festival in honor of Carna.
- Samoa - Independence Day 1962.
- Sarawak: First day of the Gawai Dayak festival.
- Tunisia - Constitution Day / Victory Day 1959.
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