On this day in History - May 24
- 15 BC - Julius Caesar Germanicus was born (d. 19). Roman commander.
- 1153 - Malcolm IV becomes King of Scotland.
- 1276 - Magnus Ladulås crowned King of Sweden in Uppsala Cathedral.
- 1487 - Imposter Lambert Simnel is crowned as "King Edward VI" at Dublin.
- 1494 - Pontormo was born (d. 1557). Italian painter.
- 1522 - John Jewel was born (d. 1571). English bishop.
- 1543 - Nicolaus Copernicus dies (b. 19 Fev 1473). Astronomer (Heliocentric theory) and mathematicien.
- 1544 - William Gilbert was born (d. 1603). English natural philosopher
- 1595 - Nomenclator of Leiden University Library appears, the first printed catalog of an institutional library.
- 1616 - John Maitland, Duke of Lauderdale was born (d. 1682)
- 1619 - Philips Wouwerman is baptised (d. 1668). Dutch painter.
- 1621 - Protestant Union formally dissolved.
- 1626 - Peter Minuit buys Manhattan.
- 1668 - Glen Cove, New York is founded.
- 1671 - Gian Gastone de' Medici, Grand Duke of Tuscany was born (d. 1737).
- 1686 - Daniel Gabriel Fahrenheit was born in Gdansk (d. 16 Sept 1736, The Hague). German physicist and maker of scientific instruments.
- 1689 - The Act of Toleration passes the English Parliament protecting Protestants (Roman Catholics are intentionally excluded).
- 1689 - Daniel Finch, 8th Earl of Winchilsea was born (d. 1769). English politician.
- 1738 - John Wesley is converted, essentially launching the Methodist movement; the day is celebrated annually by Methodists as Aldersgate Day.
- 1743 - Jean-Paul Marat was born (d. 1793). French revolutionary.
- 1759 - Alvará de criação da Real Fábrica de Chapéus de Pombal.
- 1762 - Marcos António Portugal was born. Portuguese composer.
- 1787 - The United States Constitutional Convention is convened after a quorum of delegates arrives in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
- 1792 - Jacob Michael Reinhold Lenz dies (b. 1751). Russian-born German poet.
- 1794 - William Whewell was born (d. 1866). English scientist, philosopher, and historian of science.
- 1810 - Abraham Geiger was born (d. 1874). German rabbi and scholar.
- 1810 - Charles Clark was born (d. 1877). Governor of Mississippi
- 1816 - Emanuel Leutze was born (d. 1868). German-born painter.
- 1819 - Queen Victoria (Alexandrina Victoria) was born (d. 1901). Queen of Great Britain and Ireland (1837–1901) and empress of India (1876–1901).
- 1820 - William Chauvenet was born (d. 13 Sep 1870). French mathematicien.
- 1822 - Battle of Pichincha: Antonio José de Sucre secures the independence secures the independence of the Presidency of Quito.
- 1830 - Mary had a little lamb by Sarah Hale is published.
- 1830 - The first revenue trains in the United States begin service on the Baltimore and Ohio Rail Road between Baltimore and Ellicott's Mills.
- 1830 - Alexei Savrasov was born (d. 1897). Russian painter.
- 1831 - Richard Hoffman was born. Pianist.
- 1832 - The First Kingdom of Greece is declared in the London Conference.
- 1836 - Joseph Rowntree was born (d. 1925). British social reformer.
- 1844 - The first electric telegram is sent by Samuel F. B. Morse, from Baltimore, Maryland to Washington, D.C., saying "What hath God wrought?".
- 1855 - Arthur Wing Pinero was born (d. 1934). English playwright.
- 1856 - John Brown and his men murder five slavery supporters at Pottawatomie Creek, Kansas
- 1858 - Johan C Braakensiek was born. Political cartoonist.
- 1861 - Portugal -Fundação da Associação 1.º de Dezembro de 1640, como reacção às concepções iberistas emergentes na época.
- 1863 - George Grey Barnard was born (d. 1938). American sculptor.
- 1865 - Zo d'Axa was born. French anarchist, satirist, and traveller.
- 1866 - Armando Frid was born (d. 1990).
- 1868 - Charles E. Taylor was born (d. 1956). First aircraft maintenance professional
- 1870 - Jan Christian Smuts was born (d. 1950). Prime Minister of South Africa
- 1870 - Benjamin Cardozo was born (d. 1938). American jurist.
- 1878 - Lillian Moller Gilbreth was born (d. 1972). American engineer, mother of modern management.
- 1879 - H. B. Reese was born (d. 1956). American inventor of Reese's and founder.
- 1883 - The Brooklyn Bridge in New York is opened to traffic after 14 years of construction.
- 1885 - Susan Sutherland Isaacs was born (d. 1948). English educational psychologist.
- 1886 - Paul Paray was born (d. 1979). Conductor and composer.
- 1891 - William F. Albright was born (d. 1971). American archeologist and Biblical scholar.
- 1898 - José Maria Ferreira de Castro was born. Portuguese writer.
- 1899 - Suzanne Lenglen was born (d. 1938). French tennis player.
- 1899 - Henri Michaux was born (d. 1984). French poet.
- 1900 - Lionel Conacher was born (d. 1954). Canadian athlete and politician.
- 1900 - Eduardo De Filippo was born (d. 1984), Italian actor and screenwriter.
- 1901 - 78 miners die in Caerphilly pit disaster in South Wales.
- 1901 - José Nasazzi was born (d. 1968). Uruguayan footballer.
- 1905 - Zdenek Blazek was born in Zarosice, Czechoslowakia († 19 Jun 1988 in Brno). Czech Composer.
- 1905 - Mikhail Aleksandrovich Sholokhov was born (d. 1984). Russian writer, Nobel Prize laureate.
- 1905 - Júlio Verne dies. French writer.
- 1909 - Wilbur Mills was born (d. 1992). American politician.
- 1910 - Nils-Eric Fougstedt was born (d. 1961).
- 1911 - The New York Public Library opened.
- 1911 - Barbara West was born (d. 2007). English survivor of the Titanic disaster.
- 1912 - Joan Hammond was born in Christchurch, New Zealand (d. 1996). Soprano.
- 1913 - Royal marriage: Victoria Luise of Prussia (1892-1980), the only daughter of the German emperor William II, married Duke August of Brunswick-Luneburg in Berlin and thus became Duchess of Brunswick herself
- 1913 - Willi Daume was born (d. 1996). German Olympic organizer.
- 1914 - Giuseppe Valdengowas born (d. 2007). Italian baritone,
- 1914 - Lilli Palmer was born (d. 1986). German-born actress.
- 1916 - Roden Cutler was born (d. 2002). Australian diplomat and war hero.
- 1917 - John Robert Russell was born (d. 2002). Duke of Bedford.
- 1921 - The trial of Sacco and Vanzetti opens.
- 1921 - Déodat de Séverac dies. French composer.
- 1923 - Siobhán McKenna was born (d. 1986). Irish actress.
- 1925 - Mai Zetterling was born (d. 1994). Entertainer.
- 1926 - Stanley Baxter was born. Scottish actor.
- 1928 - William Trevor was born. Irish writer.
- 1929 - The Cocoanuts, the first film to star the Marx Brothers, opens.
- 1930 - Amy Johnson lands in Darwin, Northern Territory, becoming the first woman to fly from England to Australia (she left on May 5 for the 11,000 mile flight).
- 1930 - Antonio Carbajal was born. Mexican footballer, goalkeeper who defended the Mexican team in 5 World Championships
- 1930 - Cristobal Halffter was born. Spanish composer.
- 1930 - Hans-Martin Linde was born. German conductor.
- 1931 - Michael Lonsdale was born. French actor.
- 1932 - Arnold Wesker was born. English dramatist
- 1933 - Percy C. Mather dies. Pioneer missionary to Eastern Turkestan.
- 1934 - Barry Rose was born. English choir-trainer and organist
- 1934 - Jane Byrne was born. Mayor of Chicago
- 1935 - Joan Micklin Silver was born. American director.
- 1936 - Harold Budd was born. American musician.
- 1937 - Edward Dunne dies (b. 1853). Mayor of Chicago.
- 1938 - David Viscott was born (d. 1996). American psychiatrist.
- 1938 - Tommy Chong was born. Actor, comedian
- 1940 - Joseph Brodsky was born (d. 1996). Russian-born poet, Nobel Prize laureate.
- 1940 - Igor Sikorsky performs the first successful single-rotor helicopter flight.
- 1941 - World War II: In the North Atlantic, the German Battleship Bismarck sinks the HMS Hood killing all but three crewmen on what was the pride of the Royal Navy.
- 1941 - Bob Dylan was born. American singer and songwriter.
- 1942 - Derek Quinn was born. English musician Freddie & The Dreamers, 1961-1967
- 1943 - Gary Burghoff was born. American actor.
- 1944 - Patti LaBelle was born. American singer.
- 1945 - Priscilla Presley was born. American actress.
- 1946 - Irena Kirszenstein-Szewinska was born. Russian-born Polish athlete.
- 1947 - Arthur Brown was born. Musician.
- 1947 - Martin Winterkorn was born. German automotive executive
- 1949 - The Soviet Union ends the 11-month Berlin Blockade.
- 1949 - Jim Broadbent was born. English actor.
- 1950 - Larry Seidlin was born. American judge
- 1950 - Archibald Wavell dies (b. 1883). General.
- 1951 - Ricardo de Carvalho Duarte [Chacal] was born in Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazilian poet and musician.
- 1953 - Alfred Molina was born in London. Spanish-Italian actor.
- 1953 - Fundação do Clube Nacional de Montanhismo em Portugal.
- 1955 - Rosanne Cash was born. American singer.
- 1956 - Conclusion of the Sixth Buddhist Council on Vesak Day, marking the 2,500 year anniversary after the Lord Buddha's Parinibbāna.
- 1956 - In Lugano, Switzerland, Lys Assia wins the first Eurovision Song Contest for Switzerland singing "Refrain".
- 1956 - Michael Jackson was born. Northern Irish clergyman.
- 1958 - United Press International is formed through a merger of the United Press and the International News Service.
- 1959 - Pelle Lindbergh was born (d. 1985). Swedish hockey player.
- 1959 - John Foster Dulles dies (b. 1888). United States Secretary of State.
- 1960 - Guy Fletcher was born. British keyboardist (Dire Straits).
- 1960 - Kristin Scott Thomas was born. English actress.
- 1961 - American civil rights movement: Freedom Riders are arrested in Jackson, Mississippi for "disturbing the peace" after disembarking from their bus.
- 1961 - Cyprus enters the Council of Europe.
- 1961 - MIT's Wes Clark begins work on LINC.
- 1962 -Project Mercury: American astronaut Scott Carpenter orbits the Earth three times in the Aurora 7 space capsule.
- 1962 - Bev Lidyoff was born. American volleyball player.
- 1962 - Gene Anthony Ray was born (d. 2003). American actor.
- 1962 - Mo Willems was born. American author and screenwriter.
- 1963 - Ivan Capelli was born. Italian racing driver.
- 1963 - Joe Dumars was born. American basketball player.
- 1963 - Kathy Leander was born. Swiss singer.
- 1963 - Michael Chabon was born. American author.
- 1963 - Rich Rodriguez was born. American football coach.
- 1963 - Elmore James dies (b. 1918). Blues musician.
- 1964 - Adrian Moorhouse was born. British swimmer.
- 1964 - Pat Verbeek was born. Canadian ice hockey player.
- 1965 - John C. Reilly was born. American actor.
- 1965 - Shinichiro Watanabe was born. Japanese anime director.
- 1966 - Helena Ranaldi was born. Brazilian actress.
- 1966 - Ricky Craven was born. American Nascar driver.
- 1966 - Eric Cantona was born. French footballer.
- 1967 - Carlos Hernández was born. Venezuelan baseball player.
- 1967 - Heavy D was born in Jamaica, West Indies. American rapper and actor.
- 1967 - Steve McDonald, American bassist (Redd Kross).
- 1968 - FLQ separatists bomb American consulate in Quebec City.
- 1968 - The Gateway Arch, in St. Louis, Missouri, is dedicated.
- 1969 - Rich Robinson was born. American musician (Black Crowes).
- 1969 - Willy Ley dies (b. 1906). Rocket scientist.
- 1970 - Tommy Page was born. American singer.
- 1972 - Greg Berlanti was born. American television writer and producer.
- 1973 - Earl Jellicoe resigns as Lord Privy Seal and Leader of the Lords.
- 1973 - Dermot O'Leary was born. English TV presenter.
- 1973 - Bartolo Colón was born. Dominican baseball player.
- 1974 - Ruslana was born. Ukrainian singer and winner of the Eurovision Song Contest.
- 1974 - After a nine-year run, the Dean Martin Show airs for the last time.
- 1974 - Duke Ellington dies (b. 1899). American composer and musician.
- 1974 - Em Portugal foi fundado o Partido Popular Monárquico.
- 1974 - Will Sasso was born. Canadian actor and comedian.
- 1975 - Marc Gagnon was born. Canadian short track speed skater.
- 1975 - Maria Lawson was born. British Singer.
- 1975 - Yannis Goumas was born. Greek footballer.
- 1975 - Ivajla Kirova was born. Bulgarian pianist.
- 1976 - Alessandro Cortini was born. Italian musician.
- 1976 - Catherine Cox was born. Australian netballer.
- 1977 - Kym Valentine was born. Australian actress.
- 1978 - Brian Chingwas born. American soccer player.
- 1978 - Bryan Greenberg was born. American actor.
- 1978 - Brad Penny was born. American baseball player.
- 1978 - Johan Holmqvist was born. Swedish hockey player.
- 1979 - Frank Mir was born. American UFC fighter.
- 1979 - Tracy McGrady was born. American basketball player.
- 1980 - The International Court of Justice calls for the release of United States embassy hostages in Tehran.
- 1980 - Cecilia Cheung was born. Hong Kong actress and singer.
- 1981 - First International Women's Day for Disarmament.
- 1981 - George Jessel dies (b. 1898). Vaudevillian.
- 1982 - Liberation of Khorramshahr, Iranians recapture of the port city of Khorramshahr from the Iraqis during Iran-Iraq War
- 1982 - Issah Ahmed was born. Ghana football player
- 1982 - DaMarcus Beasley was born. American soccer player
- 1983 - Custódio was born in Guimarães. Portuguese footballer (Sporting Club de Portugal)
- 1984 - Sarah Hagan was born. American actress
- 1984 - Brodney Pool was born. American football player
- 1985 - Tim Bridgman was born. British racing driver
- 1985 - Em Portugal, realizou-se o I Encontro Nacional de Arqueologia Urbana
- 1986 - Jordan Metcalfe was born. English actor
- 1987 - Dominika Kasprzycka was born. Polish singer
- 1987 - Guillaume Latendresse was born. French-Canadian hockey player
- 1987 - Hrmione Gingold dies. English actress.
- 1988 - Billy Gilman was born. American singer
- 1989 - Sonia Sutcliffe, wife of the Yorkshire Ripper, is awarded a six-figure sum in damages after winning a libel action against Private Eye.
- 1989 - Tara Correa-McMullen was born (d. 2005). American actress.
- 1990 - A car carrying American Earth First! activists Judi Bari and Darryl Cherney explodes in Oakland, California, critically injuring both.
- 1990 - Luke Temple was born. American Concert pianist.
- 1991 - Erika Umeda was born. Japanese singer.
- 1991 - Gene Clark dies (b. 1944). American singer and songwriter (The Byrds).
- 1991 - Wilhelm Kempff dies (b. 1895). German conductor.
- 1992 - The last Thai dictator, General Suchinda Kraprayoon, resigns following pro-democracy protests.
- 1992 - Travis T. Flory was born. American Actor.
- 1993 - Microsoft unveils Windows NT.
- 1994 - Four men convicted of bombing New York's World Trade Center in 1993 are each sentenced to 240 years in prison.
- 1995 - Prince Joseph Wenzel of Liechtenstein was born.
- 1995 - Harold Wilson dies (b. 1916). British statesman and prime minister.
- 1999 - Venezuela enters the Antarctic Treaty System.
- 2000 - Kurt Schork dies (b. 1947). American reporter and war correspondent.
- 2001 - Mountain climbing: 15-year-old Sherpa Temba Tsheri becomes the youngest person to climb to the top of Mount Everest.
- 2001 - The Versailles wedding hall collapse in Jerusalem, Israel, kills 23 and injures over 200 in Israel's worst-ever civil disaster.
- 2001 - The Democrats gain control of the U.S. Senate for the first time since 1994 when Senator James Jeffords of Vermont abandons the Republican Party and declares himself an independent.
- 2002 - Wallace Markfield dies (b. 1926). American writer.
- 2003 - In Riga, Latvia, Sertab Erener wins the forty-eighth Eurovision Song Contest for Turkey singing "Everyway [sic] That I Can".
- 2003 - Roman Polanski ganha o Oscar de melhor realizador enquanto "Chicago" ganha o Oscar de melhor filme; Adrien Brody ganha o galardão de melhor actor enquanto o Oscar de melhor actriz vai para Nicole Kidman.
- 2003 - Rachel Kempson dies (b. 1910). English actress.
- 2004 - Communications in North Korea: North Korea bans mobile phones.
- 2004 - Henry Ries dies (b. 1917). American photographer.
- 2004 - Milton Shulman dies (b. 1913). Canadian author and drama critic.
- 2005 - Arthur Haulot dies (b. 1913). Belgian journalist and resistance fighter.
- 2005 - Vivian Liberto dies (b. 1934). First wife of Johnny Cash.
- 2006 - Michał Życzkowski dies (b. 1930). Polish technician.
- 2006 - Henry Bumstead dies (b. 1915). American art director.
- 2007 - Bill Johnston dies (b. 1922). Australian cricket player.
- 2008 - Dick Martin dies (b. 1922). American comedian.
- 2008 – Rob Knox dies (b. 1989). British actor.
- Canada: Victoria Day, on this date or the Monday before it. In Quebec, it is known as Patriotes Day (Journée nationale des patriotes).
- Belize: Commonwealth Day
- Bermuda: Bermuda Day
- Buganda: Lubiri Memorial Day
- Ecuador: Battle of Pichincha Day
- Eritrea: Independence Day
- Methodism: Aldersgate Day
- Sts. Cyril and Methodius Day in Eastern Orthodox tradition.
- Brazil: Dia Nacional do Café.
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