On this day in History - Mar. 15

• 44 BC - Ides of March: Julius Caesar (b. 100 BC) General of the Roman Republic, is assassinated by a group of Roman senatorsby a group of nobles, among whom were Cassius and Brutus.
• 0076 - Hadrian, was born, Roman Emperor (builder of Hadrian's Wall).
• 0220 - Cao Cao King of the Kingdom of Wei dies.
• 0221 - Liu Bei,Chinese warlord and member of the Han royal house, declares himself emperor of Shu-Han, claiming his legitimate succession to the Han dynasty.
• 0351 - Constantius II elevates his cousin Gallus to Caesar, and puts him in charge of the Eastern part of the Roman Empire.
• 0493 - Odoacer dies (murdered by Theoderic the Great) (b. 435). King of Italy.
• 0624 - At the Battle of Abdr, Muhammad and his followers defeated an army from Mecca.
• 0752 - Pope Zacharias dies.
• 0933 - After a ten-year truce, German King Henry I defeats a Hungarian army at the Battle of Riade near the river Unstrut.
• 0938 - Romanos II was born (d. 0963). Byzantine emperor.
• 0963 - Romanus II dies at 25. Byzantine emperor (959-63).
• 1147 - Portugal: Santarém foi tomada aos Mouros, por D. Afonso Henriques.
• 1275 - Margaret Plantagenet was born (d. 1318). English princess.
• 1311 - Battle of Halmyros: The Catalan Company defeats Walter V of Brienne to take control of the Duchy of Athens, a Crusader state in Greece.
• 1416 - Falecimento de João, Duque de Berry.
• 1455 - Pietro Accolti was born (d. 1532). Italian Catholic cardinal.
• 1493 - Christopher Columbus returns to Spain after his first trip to the Americas.
• 1493 - Anne de Montmorency was born (d. 1567). Constable of France.
• 1519 - Batalla de Centla o segunda batalla de Tabasco, en la que Hernán Cortés obtiene una victoria decisiva para la conquista de México.
• 1545 - First meeting of the Council of Trent.
• 1575 - Annibale Padovano dies (b. 1527). Italian composer.
• 1591 - Alexandre de Rhodes was born (d. 1660). French Jesuit missionary.
• 1614 - Franciscus Sylvius was born in Hanau. German scientist, whose studies helped shift medical emphasis from mystical speculation to a rational application of the laws of physics
• 1638 - Shunzhi Emperor of China was born.
• 1666 - George Bähr was born (d. 1738). German architect.
• 1670 - John Davenport dies (b. 1597). Connecticut pioneer.
• 1672 - Charles II of England issues the Royal Declaration of Indulgence.
• 1673 - Salvator Rosa dies at 57. Italian painter (Baroque), poet, music and actor.
• 1684 - Francesco Durante was born (d. 1755). Italian composer.
• 1713 - Nicolas Louis de Lacaille was born (d. 1762). French astronomer.
• 1738 - Cesare Beccaria was born († 1794) . Italian writer On Crimes and Punishments (1764).
• 1767 - Andrew Jackson was born (d. 1845). 7th President of the United States.
• 1776 - South Carolina became the first American colony to declare its independence from Great Britain and set up its own government.
• 1778 - Nootka Sound, Vancouver Island, was discovered by Captain Cook.
• 1779 - Lord Melbourne was born (d. 1848). Prime Minister of the United Kingdom.
  
• 1781 - American Revolutionary War: Battle of Guilford Courthouse - Near present-day Greensboro, North Carolina, 1,900 British troops under General Charles Cornwallis defeat an American force numbering 4,400.
• 1783 - In an emotional speech in Newburgh, New York, George Washington asks his officers not to support the Newburgh Conspiracy. The plea is successful and the threatened coup d'etat never takes place.
• 1790 - Ludwig Immanuel Magnus was born (d. 1861). German mathematician.
• 1791 - Charles Knight was born (d. 1873). English publisher.
• 1800 - Heinrich von Dechsen was born (d. 1889). German geologist and mineralogist.
• 1801 - George Perkins Marsh was born (d. 23 Jul 1882). American conservationist, whose book Man and Nature, or Physical Geography as Modified by Human Action (1864) was one of the 19th century's classic influences on geography, ecology, and resource management.
• 1804 - Promulgación en Francia del Código Civil, llamado Código de Napoleón.
• 1809 - Joseph Jenkins Roberts was born (d. 1876). First President of Liberia.
• 1809 - Karl Josef von Hefele was born (d. 1893). German theologian.
• 1813 - John Snow was born (d. 16 Jun 1858 ). English obstetrician who was among the first to use anesthesia, but renowned as a pioneering epidemiologist. In On the Mode of Communication of Cholera (1849), Snow suggested that cholera was a contagious disease easily transmitted by contaminated water.
• 1815 - Germain Sommeiller was born (d. 11 Jul 1871). French engineer who built the Mount Cenis (Fréjus) Tunnel (1857-70) in the Alps, the world's first important mountain tunnel, is an 8 miles long double track railway tunnel through the Alps under Mont Cenis, to unite Italian Savoy (north of the mountains) through Switzerland with the rest of Italy to the south.
• 1820 - St Clemens Maria Hofbauer dies (b. 1751). Patron Saint of Vienna.
• 1820 - Maine becomes the 23rd U.S. state.
• 1821 - William Milligan was born (d. 1892). Scottish theologian.
• 1821 - Eduard Heine was born (d. 1881). German mathematician.
• 1821 - Johann Josef Loschmidt was born (d. 1895). Austrian scientist.
• 1824 - Jules Chevalier was born (d. 1907). French priest.
• 1827 - The University of Toronto is chartered.
• 1830 - Élisée Reclus was born (d. 1905). French geographer.
• 1830 - Paul von Heyse was born (d. 1914). German writer and winner of the Nobel Prize in literature 1910.
• 1831 - Daniel Comboni was born (d. 1881). Italian missionary.
• 1835 - John Henrie Kagi was born (d. 1859). American abolitionist.
• 1835 - Eduard Strauss was born (d. 1916). Austrian composer.
• 1838 - Alice Cunningham Fletcher was born (d. 6 Apr 1923). American anthropologist whose stature as a social scientist, notably for her pioneer study of Indian music, has overshadowed her influence on federal government Indian policies that later were considered to be unfortunate.
• 1838 - Karl Davydov was born (d. 1889). Russian cellist.
• 1839 - Venezuela y Gran Bretaña firman un tratado sobre la abolición del tráfico de esclavos.
• 1842 - Luigi Cherubini dies (b. 1760). Italian composer.
• 1848 - Revolution breaks out in Hungary. The Habsburg rulers are compelled to meet the demands of the Reform party.
• 1849 - Giuseppe Caspar Mezzofanti dies (b. 1774). Italian Cardinal and linguist.
• 1851 - Carolina Michaelis de Vasconcelos was born (d. 1925). German-born Portuguese philologist and historian of literature.
• 1851 - Nascimento de Francisco Maria Victor Cordon, explorador do continente africano, que procedeu à ocupação do território entre Quelimane e o Zumbo, em Moçambique .
• 1851 - William Mitchell Ramsay was born (d. 1939). Scottish archaeologist.
• 1852 - Augusta, Lady Gregory was born (d. 1932). Anglo-Irish dramatist.
• 1854 - Emil Adolf von Behring was born. German bacteriologist who is considered the founder of the science of immunology. He received in 1901 the first Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for his work on serum therapy, especially its application against diphtheria.
• 1855 - Sir Charles Vernon Boys was born (d. 30 March 1944). English physicist and inventor of sensitive instruments. He graduated in mining and metallurgy, self-taught in a wide knowledge of geometrical methods.
• 1858 - Revolución en Venezuela. El Presidente José Tades Monagas dimite y se pone bajo la protección del cuerpo diplomático.
• 1858 - Liberty Hyde Bailey was born (d. 25 Dec 1954). American horticulturist who helped create the science of horticulture, made systematic studies of cultivated plants, and advanced knowledge in hybridization, plant pathology, and agriculture.
• 1863 - España reconoce la independencia de Honduras.
• 1864 - Johan Halvorsen was born. Norwegian composer.
• 1866 - Matthew Charlton was born (d. 1948). Australian politician.
• 1866 - Johan Vaaler was born (d. 1910). Norwegian inventor.
• 1868 - Grace Chisholm Young was born (d. 1944). English mathematician.
• 1869 - Stanisław Wojciechowski was born (d. 1953). President of Poland.
• 1873 - En la Guerra de Cuba comienza la batalla de las Guásimas.
• 1873 - Phi Sigma Kappa Fraternity is founded at Massachusetts Agricultural College.
• 1874 - Eugène Fiset was born (d. 1951). Lieutenant Governor of Quebec.
• 1875 - Pope Pius IX appointed John McCloskey the first American cardinal of the Roman Catholic Church.
• 1877 - The first Test cricket match, between England and Australia.
• 1882 - Jim Lightbody was born (d. 1953). American middle-distance runner.
• 1882 - Júlio Prestes (Júlio Prestes de Albuquerque) was born in Itapeninga, São Paulo (d. 1946). 16th President pf Brazil (1930 - elected, proclaimed but he didn't take the place because of Revolution of 30).
• 1884 - Angelos Sikelianos was born (d. 1951). Greek poet and playwright, Nobel Prize for Literature candidate.
• 1885 - Henrique da Silva Fontes was born (d. 1966). Brazilian politician.
• 1886 - Sergei Kirov was born († 1886) . Soviet revolucionary.
• 1887 - Marjorie Merriweather Post was born (d. 1973). American socialite and businesswoman.
• 1890 - Boris Nikolaevich Delaunay was born (d. 1980). Russian mathematician.
• 1891 - Sir Joseph Bazalgette dies (b. 1819). English civil engineer.
• 1891 - Théodore de Banville dies (b. 1823). French writer.
• 1892 - José María Reina Barrios comienza su gobierno en la República de Guatemala.
• 1892 - James Basevi Ord was born (d. 1938). US army officer.
• 1892 - Liverpool Football Club founded by John Houlding.
• 1897 - Jackson Scholz was born (d. 1986). American sprinter.
• 1898 - Henry Bessemer dies (b. 1813). English metallurgist.
• 1899 - George Brent was born (d. 1979). American film actor.
• 1900 - Gilberto Freyre was born (d. 1987). Brazilian writer.
• 1905 - Cretan revolutionaries announce the re-unification of Crete with the rest of Greece.
• 1905 - Berthold Graf Schenk von Stauffenberg was born (d. 1944). German lawyer and Nazi opponent.
• 1906 - Rolls-Royce Ltd. is registered, founded by Britten Rolls and Royce Johnson.
• 1907 - Zarah Leander was born (d. 1981). Swedish actress and singer.
• 1907 - Finland is 1st European country to give women the right to vote.
• 1909 - Selfridges department store opens in London.
• 1910 - João Rosa dies (b. 18 Apr 1843). Portuguese actor.
• 1911 - Afrânio Coutinho was born in Salvador, Baía (d. 4 Aug 2000). Brazilian journalist, essayst and historian.
  
• 1912 - Lightnin' Hopkins was born (d. 1982). Ameroican musician.
• 1912 - Yuan Shih-kai succeeded Sun Yat-sen as President of the Republic of China.
• 1913 - MacDonald Carey was born (d. 1994). American actor.
• 1913 - Lew Wasserman was born (d. 2002). American Hollywood agent and studio executive.
• 1914 - Aniello Dellacroce was born (d. 1985). American gangster.
• 1915 - Joe E. Ross was born (d. 1982). American actor and comedian.
• 1916 - President Woodrow Wilson sends 12,000 United States troops over the U.S.-Mexico border to pursue Pancho Villa.
• 1916 - Harry James was born (d. 1983). American musician and band leader.
• 1916 - Blas de Otero was born in Bilbao, Vizcaya (d. 1979). Spanish poet.
• 1917 - Tsar Nicholas II of Russia abdicates himself and his son from the Russian throne and his brother the Grand Duke becomes Tsar.
• 1918 - Brasil: Rodrigues Alves vence pela segunda vez a eleição presidencial do País mas, vem a morrer o ano seguinte, antes de ter tomado posse.
• 1918 - Richard Ellmann was born (d. 1987). American biographer.
• 1919 - The American Legion forms in Paris.
• 1919 - Lawrence Tierney was born (d. 2002). American actor.
• 1920 - Lawrence Sanders was born (d. 1998). American novelist.
• 1920 - E. Donnall Thomas was born. American physician who in 1990 was corecipient (with Joseph E. Murray) of the Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine for his work in transplanting bone marrow from one person to another - an achievement related to the cure of patients with acute leukemia and other blood cancers or blood diseases.
• 1922 - After Egypt gains nominal independence from the United Kingdom, Fuad I becomes King of Egypt.
• 1922 - El Partido Comunista de España celebra su primer congreso, donde se elige como secretario general a Antonio García Quejido.
• 1924 - Walter Gotell was born (d. 1997). German actor.
• 1926 - The dictator Theodoros Pangalos is elected President of Greece without competition.
• 1926 - Norm Van Brocklin was born (d. 1983). American football star .
• 1927 - Stanislaw Kania was born. Polish politician.
• 1927 - Carl Smith was born. American singer.
• 1930 - Zhores Ivanovich Alferov was born. Russian physicist, Nobel Prize laureate.
• 1931 - SS Viking explodes off Newfoundland, killing 27 of the 147 on board.
• 1932 - Alan Bean was born. Astronaut.
• 1933 - Austrian Chancellor Engelbert Dollfuss keeps members of the National Council from convening, starting the austrofascist dictatorship.
• 1933 - Fernando Joaquim Carneiro was born (d. 2006). Portuguese journalist.
• 1933 - Roy Clark was born. Country musician.
• 1933 - Ruth Bader Ginsburg was born. Associate justice of the United States Supreme Court.
• 1935 - Jimmy Swaggart was born. American televangelist.
• 1935 - Judd Hirsch was born. American actor.
• 1937 - H. P. Lovecraft dies (b. 1890). Horror writer.
• 1938 - Just one day after the Nazi occupation of Austria began, Sigmund Freud's home in Vienna was taken over by German soldiers who destroyed his private library. Later they would also publicly burn any books of his found in the Vienna public library.
• 1939 - World War II: Nazi troops occupy the remaining part of Bohemia and Moravia; Czechoslovakia ceases to exist.
• 1940 - Phil Lesh was born. American musician ( The Grateful Dead).
• 1941 - Alexej von Jawlensky dies (b. 1864). Russian impressionist painter.
• 1941 - Mike Love was born. Musician ("The Beach Boys").
• 1942 - Alexander van Zemlinsky dies at 70. Austrian-US composer (African Dance).
• 1943 - World War II: Third Battle of Kharkov - the Germans retook the city of Kharkov from the Soviet armies in bitter street fighting.
• 1943 - David Cronenberg was born. Canadian film director .
• 1944 - Sly Stone was born. American musician.
• 1944 - World War II: Battle of Monte Cassino - Allied aircraft bomb the German-held monastery and stage an assault.
• 1944 - Elisabeth Plessen was born. Writer.
• 1945 - Mark J. Green was born. Lawyer, author and public official.
• 1945 - Best of 1944 Oscar Awards. Co-hosts for the big show were actor/director John Cromwell (first half) and actor/comedian Bob Hope (second half). The Oscar for Best Picture went to the musical comedy, Going My Way. Best Director was Leo McCarey, who also wrote (Oscar: Best Writing/Original Story) and produced the Bing Crosby (Best Actor)/Barry Fitzgerald (nominated for Best Actor/winner of Best Supporting Actor). Going My Way also scored an Academy Award for music (James Van Heusen), lyrics (Johnny Burke) for the song Swinging on a Star (a hit for Crosby, as was Too-ra-loo-ra-loo-ra, also from the film) and Best Writing/Screenplay (Frank Butler, Frank Cavett). Best Actress Oscar was given to Ingrid Bergman for Gaslight and Best Supporting Actress was Ethel Barrymore for None But the Lonely Heart.
• 1946 - Bobby Bonds was born (d. 2003). Baseball player.
• 1946 - Howard Scott was born. Vocalist and guitarist of War.
• 1947 - Ry [Ryland] Cooder was born. American guitarist.
• 1948 - Sérgio Vieira de Mello was born (d. 2003). Brazilian diplomat.
• 1951 - O Irão nacionalizou a indústria petrolífera .
• 1952 - In Cilaos, Réunion, 73 inches (1,870mm) of rain falls in one day, setting a new world record.
• 1953 - World contact day.
• 1954 - Craig Wasson was born. American actor
• 1955 - Dee Snider was born. American singer.
• 1956 - Oswaldo Montenegro (Oswaldo Viveiros Montenegro) was born in Rio de Janeiro. Brazilian musician.
• 1956 - Clay Matthews was born. American football player .
• 1956 - The Broadway musical My Fair Lady opens in New York City.
• 1957 - Joaquim de Almeida was born in Lisbon. Portuguese actor.
• 1957 - Ernst Nobs dies (b. 1886). Member of the Swiss Federal Council.
• 1959 - Lester Young dies (b. 1909). American jazz musician.
• 1959 - Harold Baines was born. Former Major League Baseball player .
• 1959 - Fabio Lanzoni was born. Italian model.
• 1960 - Enrique Urquijo was born. Spanish musician.
• 1961 - Ervin Nemeth was born. Hungarian educator, author, translator.
• 1961 - South Africa withdraws from the British Commonwealth.
• 1962 - Arthur Compton was born. American physician, Nobel Prize in Physics in 1927.
• 1962 - Terence Trent D'Arby was born. Singer.
• 1962 - Markus Merk was born. German football referee.
• 1962 - Arthur Compton dies (b. 1892). American physicist, Nobel Prize laureate.
• 1963 - Edward F. Williams, Jr. was born. Program Management Specialist, DJ.
• 1963 - Victor Feguer, a Federal prisoner, is put to death at the Fort Madison, Iowa prison. This would be the last execution of a Federal prisoner until the execution of Timothy McVeigh in 2001.
• 1964 - Elizabeth Taylor and Richard Burton got married. The couple wed in secret ceremonies in Montreal, Canada.
• 1965 - Nasser was re-elected Egyptian President.
• 1965 - President Lyndon B. Johnson, responding to Selma crisis, tells U.S. Congress "We shall overcome" while advocating the Voting Rights Act.
• 1966 - 8th Grammy Awards: Taste of Honey, Tom Jones, Sintra & Streisand.
• 1966 - Abe Saperstein dies (b. 1902). American basketball executive.
• 1967 - Naoko Takeuchi was born. Japanese artist.
• 1968 - Jon Schaffer was born. American guitarist (Iced Earth).
• 1968 - Kahimi Karie was born. Japanese singer.
• 1968 - Mark McGrath was born. American musician (Sugar Ray).
• 1968 - Terje Riis-Johansen, Norwegian politician.
• 1968 - Sabrina Salerno was born. Italian showgirl.
• 1969 - A violent Chinese-Russian border dispute left hundreds dead.
• 1969 - Gianluca Festa was born. Italian footballer.
  
• 1969 - Kim Raver was born. American actress.
• 1969 - Rona Ambrose was born. Canadian politician.
• 1969 - Timo Kotipelto was born. Finnish musician.
• 1969 - Yutaka Take was bron. Japanese jockey.
• 1970 - The Expo '70 world's fair opens in Osaka, Japan.
• 1970 - Derek Parra was born. American speed skater.
• 1970 - Tarjei Vesaas dies (b. 1897). Norwegian writer.
• 1971 - Joanne Wise was born. English long jumper.
• 1971 - Mark McGrath was born. Musician ("Sugar Ray").
• 1971 - Penny Lancaster was born. English model.
• 1972 - The film version of Mario Puzo's The Godfather novel of the same name, is released in theaters. It went on to be considered one of the greatest films of all time.
• 1972 - Mark Hoppus was born. American musician (+44 and blink-182).
• 1972 - Mike Tomlin was born. American football coach.
• 1972 - Aleksandr Ivanovich Laktionov dies (b. 1910). Russian painter.
• 1973 - Lee Jung-jae was born. South Korean actor & model.
• 1973 - Luís Vidigal was born. Portuguese footballer.
• 1974 - Brazil: General Geisel is elected President / No Brasil, o General Geisel foi eleito presidente após a resignação do Presidente Garastazu Médici.
• 1974 - John "Beatz" Holohan was born. American musician.
• 1974 - Robert Fick was born. American baseball player.
• 1975 - Darcy Tucker was born. Canadian hockey player.
• 1975 - Eva Longoria was born. American actress (The Young and the Restless, Desperate Housewives).
• 1975 - Veselin Topalov was born. Bulgarian chess player.
• 1975 - Will.i.am was born. American hip-hop musician.
• 1975 - Aristotle Onassis dies (b. 1906). Shipping magnate.
• 1976 - Rock group KISS releases the legendary album Destroyer.
• 1976 - Cara Pifko was born. Canadian actress.
• 1976 - Jennifer 8. Lee was born. American journalist.
• 1976 - Jose Sanchez Zolliker was born. Mexican writer.
• 1976 - Katherine Brooks was born. American television director.
• 1977 - Adrian Burnside was born. Australian baseball player.
• 1977 - Brian Tee was born. American actor.
• 1977 - Joe Hahn was born. American musician.
• 1977 - Antonino Rocca dies. Professional wrestler.
• 1977 - Hubert Aquin dies (b. 1929). Quebec novelist, political activist and editor.
• 1978 - Takeru Kobayashi was born. Japanese competitive eater.
• 1978 - Sid Wilson was born. American musician (Slipknot).
• 1979 - Kevin Youkilis was born. Major League Baseball player.
• 1979 - Bernardo Verbitsky dies. Argentine writer and joournalist.
• 1980 - Freddie Bynum was born. American baseball player.
• 1980 - Manuel Kayode Williams was born. Inventor, aeronautic, mathematician, entrepreneur.
• 1981 - Na Síria, mais de 140 reféns a bordo de um avião da Pakistan Airways, seqüestrado pela organização militante Al Zulfiqar, são libertados após 13 dias. Em troca, os paquistaneses libertaram 55 prisioneiros políticos.
• 1981 - Mikael Forssell was born. Finnish footballer.
• 1981 - Young Buck was born. American rapper.
• 1981 - René Clair dies (b. 1898). French film director.
• 1982 - Emily Kennard was born. American actress.
• 1982 - Jordan Hastings was born. Canadian drummer (Alexisonfire).
• 1982 - Rafael Pérez was born. Dominican baseball player.
• 1983 - Daryl Murphy was born. Irish footballer.
• 1983 - Sean Biggerstaff was born. Scottish actor.
• 1983 - Josep Lluis Sert dies. Spanish architect.
• 1983 - Rebecca West dies (b. 1892). English writer.
• 1984 - 10th People's Choice Awards: Brooke Shields.
• 1984 - Tanzania adopts constitution.
• 1984 - Badradine Belloumou was born. French-born football player.
• 1984 - Kostas Vassiliadis was born. Greek basketball player.
• 1985 - The first Internet domain name is registered (symbolics.com).
• 1985 - Two decades of military rule in Brazil ended with the installation of a civilian government. Tancredo Neves became ill on the eve of taking his oath and vice president José Sarney assumed as acting president. / Tancredo Neves não pode assumir a Presidencia do Brasil (por enfermidade). O vicepresidente, José Sarney, toma posse como presidente interino.
• 1985 - Antti Autti was born. Finnish snowboarder.
• 1985 - Eva Amurri was born. American actress.
• 1985 - James MacLurcan was born. Australian actor.
• 1985 - Kellan Lutz was born. American model and actor.
• 1985 - Tom Chilton was born. British racing driver.
• 1986 - La nave espacial soviética Soyuz T-15 se acopla a la estación orbital Mir.
• 1987 - 13th People's Choice Awards: Bill Cosby.
• 1987 - Taiwan Brown was born. American video jockey.
• 1988 - Wilson Ferreira Aldunate dies. Uruguyan politician.
• 1988 - Publication of Marvin Minsky's Society of Mind theory .
• 1988 - The Halabja poison gas attack of the Iran-Iraq War begins.
• 1988 - Ever Guzman was born. Mexican footballer.
• 1989 - The United States Department of Veterans Affairs is established.
• 1989 - Caitlin Wachs was born. American actress (Air Bud).
• 1990 - Gulf War: Iraq hangs British journalist Farzad Bazoft for spying.
• 1990 - Mikhail Gorbachev is elected as the first executive president of the Soviet Union.
• 1990 - The Soviet Union announces that Lithuania's declaration of independence is invalid.
• 1990 - The ethnic clashes of Targu Mures begin on the anniversary of the Revolutions of 1848 in the Habsburg areas.
• 1990 - Fernando Collor de Mello presta juramento como presidente do Brasil.
• 1990 - El Vaticano y la URSS establecen relaciones oficiales permanentes tras 73 años sin ellas.
• 1990 - Farzad Bazoft dies. Iranian-born journalist working for the Observer, hanged as a spy in Iraq.
• 1990 - Tom Harmon dies. American football star, broadcaster.
• 1990 - Orlando Pelayo dies (b. 1920). Spanish painter and artist.
• 1991 - Four Los Angeles, California police officers are indicted for the videotaped March 3, 1991 beating of motorist Rodney King during an arrest.
• 1991 - Germany formally regains complete independence after the four post-World War II occupying powers (Frane, the United Kingdom, the United States and the Soviet Union) relinquish all remaining rights.
• 1991 - Sergei Bubka pole vaults record during an international meet in San Sebastian, Spain.
• 1991 - Kie Kitano was born. Japanese actress.
• 1991 - Bud Freeman dies (b. 1906). American jazz musician.
• 1992 - Sosie Bacon was born. American actress.
• 1992 - Mary Lou was born. American actress.
• 1994 - Estados Unidos y Rusia llegan a un acuerdo para permitir la supervisión mutua del desmantelamiento de su armamento nuclear.
• 1994 - Mai Zetterling dies (b. 1925). Swedish actress and director.
• 1994 - 8th Soul Train Music Awards: Toni Braxton, Whitney Houston win.
• 1995 - Carlos Menem (hijo del presidente argentino) y el automovilista Silvio Oltra mueren al caer su helicóptero en Ramallo.
• 1996 - Teodoro Obiang, presidente de Guinea Ecuatorial, es investido Jefe de Estado.
• 1996 - Helen Chadwick dies at 42. British artist.
• 1997 - Gail Davis dies (b. 1925). American actress.
• 1997 - Victor Vasarely dies (b. 1906). Hungarian painter.
• 1998 - Tim Maia, querido e talentoso cantor e compositor brasileiro, falece aos 55 anos de idade.
• 1998 - Benjamin Spock dies in San Diego at 94 (b. 1903). American pediatrician - Olympic gold-medal - and writer who was the author of the 1946 "Common Sense Book of Baby and Child Care."
• 1999 - Bruce Springsteen, Paul McCartney, Billy Joel and Dusty Springfield were inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame.
• 1999 - In Bourbonnais, Illinois, the "City of New Orleans" Amtrak train derailed after hitting a truck loaded with steel. The truck was driven by John Stokes and 11 people were killed and 119 injured.
• 1999 - In Indonesia the government closed 38 banks, took over 7, and agreed to bail out 9 in an attempt to revitalize the financial system.
• 1999 - Yehudi Menuhin dies. American conductor.
• 2000 - Paleontologist Daniel Gebo announced the discovery of bones from 2 tiny primates, the size of a human thumb, that lived 42 million years ago in Shanghuang, China.
• 2000 - Darrell Keith Rich (45), serial killer, was executed at San Quentin, Ca. His was the 8th execution in the state since the reinstitution of the death penalty.
• 2001 - Chechen rebels hijacked a Russian plane with 174 people after it left Turkey. They forced a landing in Medina.
• 2001 - Ann Sothern dies (b. 1909). American actress.
• In Brazil a Petrobras oil-platform explosion killed 1 worker and left 9 missing at the 40-story offshore facility. The platform was in danger of sinking.
• 2002 - Sylvester Weaver dies. Television executive .
• 2002 - William Scholl (81), creator of Dr. Scholl's sandal, died on the Isle of Man. The family shoe business was begun by his uncle, an American physician, in 1906.
• 2002 - Rudolf Hell, inventor de los precursores del fax, el escáner y otros ingenios para la transmisión electrónica de textos e imágenes, falleció a los 100 años en Kiel (Alemania).
• 2003 - Hu Jintao succeeded Jiang Zemin as the president of China.
• 2003 - Dame Thora Hird dies (b. 1911). British actress.
• 2004 - Sir William Pickering dies (b. 1910). New-Zealand born space scientist, head of the Jet Propulsion Laboratory.
• 2004 - Announcement of the discovery of 90377 Sedna, the farthest natural object in the Solar system so far observed.
• 2004 - The Rock and Roll Hall of Fame inducted Prince, Bob Seger, Jackson Browne and George Harrison along with ZZ Top, Traffic and the Dells.
• 2004 - The Bill Gates Foundation donated $47 million to private agencies carrying out AIDS prevention programs in India.Links: India, AIDS, Donation
• 2004 - Sir William Pickering dies (b. 1910). New Zealand-born space scientist.
• 2004 - John Pople dies (b. 31 Oct 1925). English mathematician and chemist who, (with Walter Kohn), received the 1998 Nobel Prize in Chemistry for his work on computational methodology to study the quantum mechanics of molecules, their properties and how they act together in chemical reactions. See Autobiographical page on Nobel site.
• 2005 - Bob Bellear dies (b. 1944). The first Indigenous Australian judge
• 2005 - Shoji Nishio des (b. 1927). Japanese martial artist.
• 2006 - George Rallis dies (b. 1918). Former Greek Prime Minister.
• 2006 - Red Storey dies (b. 1918). Canadian football player and ice hockey referee.
• 2007 - Bowie Kuhn dies (b. 1926). American commissioner of baseball.
• 2007 - Charles Harrelson dies (b. 1938). American hitman and father of Woody Harrelson.
• 2007 - Stuart Rosenberg dies (b. 1927). American film and television director.
• 2008 - Mikey Dread dies (b. 1954). Jamaican singer.
• 2008 - Vytautas Kernagis dies (b. 1951). Lithuanian singer, TV shows announcer (b. 1951)
• 2008 - Ken Reardon dies. Canadian ice hockey player.
  
• World Consumer Right Day / Dia Mundial dos Direitos do Consumidor (no Brasil, Lei 8.078).
• International Day Against Police Brutality.
  
• In the Roman calendar, the Ides of March.
• For corporations in the United States that use the calendar year as their fiscal year, the date on which the corporation must file its corporate income tax return
• Constitution Day in Belarus.
  
• National holiday in Hungary celebrating the 1848 Revolution. (See also Public holidays in Hungary).
• In Japan, Hounen Matsuri.