1751 - Pierre Prévost was born (d. 8 Apr 1839). Swiss philosopher and physicist who first showed that all bodies radiate heat, no matter how hot or cold they are. In Sur l'equilibre du feu (1792) he made a significant step forward in understanding the nature of heat. With the Prévost theory of exchanges, he introduced the concept of dynamic equilibrium in which all bodies are both radiating and absorbing heat .
1765 -
William Stukeley dies (b. 7 Nov 1687). English antiquary and physician whose
studies of the monumental Neolithic Period-Bronze Age stone circles at Stonehenge and Avebury, Wiltshire, led him to
elaborate extravagant theories relating them to the Druids (ancient Celtic priest-magicians). These views were widely and enthusiastically accepted in the late 18th century.
1792 - Luis António Verney dies in Roma (b. 1718). Portuguese Iluminist and writer. (Verdadeiro Método de Estudar).1792 - Jean-Jacques Willmar was born (d. 1866). Luxembourgish politician.1792 - Robert Adam dies (b. 1728). Scottish architect.1793 - William Charles Macready was born (d. 1873). English actor.1800 - Heinrich Georg Bronn was born (d. 1862). German geologist.1803 - Colégio Militar is founded in Portugal by Colonel Teixeira Rebello.1808 - Johann Christian Fabricius dies (b. 7 Jan 1745). Danish
entomologist who was one of the great entomologists of the 18th century. After studying with Swedish naturalist Linnaeus, Fabricius travelled widely in Europe to see insect collections and produced many publications describing all the new species that he saw.
1816 - La heroína boliviana Juana Azurduy de Padilla, al frente de 200 hombres, derrota a las tropas españolas.
1828 -
Bulhão Pato was born (d. 1912). Portuguese poet, essayst and memorialist.
1831 - George Mortimer Pullman was born (d. 19 Oct 1897). American industrialist and inventor of the Pullman sleeping car for use on railroads. 1838 - George William Hill was born (d. 16 Apr 1914). U.S. mathematical
astronomer considered by many of his peers to be the greatest master of celestial mechanics of his time.
1839 -
Jamshedji Tata was born (d. 1904). Indian industrialist and philanthropist.
1843 - Sir William Chandler Roberts-Austen was born (d. 22 Nov 1902). English metallurgist noted for his research on the physical properties of metals and their alloys. He was knighted in 1899.
1841 - Sir John Murray was born (d. 16 Mar 1914). Scottish
naturalist who, as one of its founders, coined the name oceanography He studyied ocean basins, deep-sea deposits, and coral-reef formation.
1845 - For the first time the
U.S. Congress passes legislation overriding a presidential
veto.
1847 -
Alexander Graham Bell was born in Edinburgh(d.2 Aug 1922). Scotish scientist, inventor of the telephone.
1848 - Adelaide Neilson was born (d. 1880). English actress.1857 - Second Opium War: France and the United Kingdom declare war on China.1857 - Muere Guillermo Brown, almirante de origen irlandés, que dio gloria a la marina argentina.
1861 - Alexander II of Russia signs the Emancipation Manifesto, freeing serfs.1865 - Opening of the Hongkong and Shanghai Banking Corporation, the founding member of the HSBC Group.1875 - Georges Bizet's opera Carmen premieres at the Opéra Comique of Paris.1875 - The first ever organized indoor game of ice hockey is played in Montreal, Canada as recorded in The Montreal Gazette.1878 -
Marcelo Gama was born in Mostardas (RS) (d. 7 Mar. 1915). Brazilian poet and journalist.
1879 - William Kingdon Clifford dies (b. 4 May 1845). British philosopher and
mathematician who developed the theory of biquaternions (a generalization of the Irish mathematician Sir William Rowan Hamilton's theory of quaternions) and then linked them with more general associative algebras.
1879 - Elmer McCollum was born (d. 15 Nov 1967). Chemist who discovered vitamins A, B and D.
1880 -
Yōsuke Matsuoka was born (d. 1946). Minister for Foreign Affairs of Japan.
1883 -
Cyril Burt was born (d. 10 Oct 1971). British psychologist known for his development of factor analysis in psychological testing and for his studies of the effect of heredity on intelligence and behaviour.
1886 - José Isbert was born. Actor.
1890 -
Norman Bethune was born (d. 1939). Canadian doctor and humanitarian.
1892 - Plínio Pompeu was born (d. 1994). Brazilian engineer and politician.1893 -
Beatrice Wood was born (d. 1998). American artist and ceramicist.
1898 - Emil Artin was born (d. 20 Dec 1962). Austro-German
mathematician who worked in algebraic number theory, made a major
contribution to field theory, and stated a law of reciprocity which included all previously known laws of reciprocity (1927).
1899 -
José Simões Dias dies in Lisbon (b. 5 Feb 1844, in Benfeita, Arganil). Portuguese poet and journalist.
1904 - Promulgación en España de la ley que establece el descanso dominical.
1905 -
Adelino das Palma Carlos was born (d. 1992). Portuguese politician and lawyer. He was Prime-minister of Portugal (17 May 1974 - 18 Jul 1974).
1910 - Inauguración de la línea férrea entre Chile y Argentina, que atraviesa la cordillera de los Andes.
1910 - Consigue el título de piloto de aviación la baronesa de Laroche, primera mujer que murió víctima de un accidente aéreo.
1911 - Harold J. Stone was born (d. 2005). American actor.
1911 - Jean Harlow was born (d. 1937). American actress.
1913 - Establishment of the first football club in
Bulgaria - Ticha, now known as PFC "Cherno More"
1915 -
NACA, the predecessor of
NASA founded.
1915 - Portugal : Assaltos às padarias devido ao aumento do preço do pão.
1917 - Sameera Moussa was born (d. 1952). Egyptian nuclear scientist.
1918 -
Arthur Kornberg was born (d. 2000). American biochemist, recipient of the
Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1959 (with Severo Ochoa) for discovering the means by which deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) molecules are duplicated in the bacterial cell, as well as the means for reconstructing this duplication process in the test tube.
1920 - James Doohan was born (d. 2005). Canadian-born actor.
1923 -
TIME magazine is published for the first time. The first issue was 32 pages and featured a charcoal sketch of Congressman Joseph Gurney Cannon on the cover. It was the United States’ first, modern, news magazine.
1924 - The 1400-year-old Islamic caliphate is abolished when Caliph Abdul Mejid II of the Ottoman Empire is deposed. The last remnant of the old regime gives way to the reformed Turkey of Kemal Atatürk.1924 - Free State of Fiume is annexed by Kingdom of Italy.1924 - Na Turquia, o Califa e a sua família foram expulsos e o califado foi abolido.
1924 - Lilian Velez was born (d. 1948). Filipno actress.1924 - Tomiichi Murayama was born. Former Prime Minister of Japan.1927 -
Pierre Aubert was born. Member of the Swiss Federal Council.
1933 - Alfredo Landa was born. Spanish actor.1938 -
Glenn Cunningham breaks the world record for the indoor
mile run by completing the distance in 4 minutes, 4.4 seconds.
1939 - Manuel Azaña dimite como Presidente de la II República española.
1939 - Estreno en Estados Unidos de la película de John Ford "La Diligencia", modelo en el género de filmes del Oeste.
1939 - Edmund Beecher Wilson dies (b. 19 Oct 1856) American
biologist known for his researches in embryology and cytology .
1940 - Five people are killed in an arson attack on the offices of the
communist newspaper Norrskensflamman in
Luleå,
Sweden.
1940 - Perry Ellis was born (d. 1986). American fashion designer.
1943 - US wins Battle of Bismarck Sea over Japan .
1945 - World War II: Previously neutral
Finland, finally, under increasing pressure from the United States and the USRR, declares war on its former partner, Germany (the
Axis powers).
1945 - World War II: The American and Filipino troops take in Manila the Philippines.1945 - World War II: Hundreds of people die in
The Hague after the
Royal Air Force mistakenly bombs a civilian area in the city.
1945 - Aprobada el "Acta de Chapultepec", en esta ciudad mexicana, por la que se crea la Liga de Naciones Americanas.
1946 -
John Virgo was born. English snooker player.
1947 - Clifton Snider was born. American poet and writer.1948 - Snowy White was born. British guitarist (Thin Lizzy, Pink Floyd). 1949 - Gloria Hendry was born. American actress.1949 - Jesse Jefferson was born. American baseball player.1949 - Jüri Allik was born. Estonian psychologist.1952 - Se aprueba en Puerto Rico el proyecto de Constitución, por 375.000 votos a favor y 83.000 en contra.
1952 -
Dermot Morgan was born (d. 1998). Irish actor and comedian.
1953 - A Canadian Pacific Airlines De Havilland Comet crashes in Karachi, Pakistan killing 11.1953 - A Canadian Pacific Comet Jet crashes in
Karachi,
Pakistan killing 11.
1953 - Robyn Hitchcock was born. British musician.1953 - Zico was born. Brazilian footballer.1955 -
Andy Breckman was born. American comedian and radio personality.
1958 - Founder of Jaguars Motors retires. Sir William Lyons, founder of Jaguar Motors, retires as Chairman of Jaguar Cars Ltd .
1958 - Miranda Richardson was born. British actress.1959 - The San Francisco Giants officially name their new stadium Candlestick Park. 1959 - Ira Glass was born. American radio host.1959 -
Lou Costello dies (b. 1906). American actor and comedian.
1960 - Colin Wells was born. English cricketer.1961 - Mary Page Keller was born. American actress.1961 - Perry McCarthy was born. English racing driver.1961 - Paul Wittgenstein dies (b. 1887). Austrian-born pianist.1962 - Jackie Joyner-Kersee was born. American athlete.1963 - Senegal adopts constitution.
1964 - Duncan Phillips was born. Australian drummer (Newsboys).1964 - Laura Harring was born. Mexican-born American actress.1965 - US jets bomb Ho Chi Minh Trail. More than 30 US Air Force jets strike targets along the Ho Chi Minh Trail in Laos. Since such raids had become common knowledge and were being reported in the American media, the US State Department felt compelled to announce that these controversial missions were authorized by the powers granted to President Johnson in the August 1964 Tonkin Gulf Resolution.
1966 - A British Overseas Airways Boeing 707 flew into a mountain wave after the captain decided to give the passengers a close-up view of Mt. Fuji. All 124 people aboard were killed.
1966 - Fernando Colunga was born. Mexican actor.1966 - Timo Tolkki was born. Finnish musician (Stratovarius).1966 -
Tone-Loc was born. American musician.
1968 - Greece, Portugal & Spain's embassies bombed in the Hague.
1968 - José Mejías (Pepe Bienvenida) dies. Bullfighter.
1971 -
Tyler Florence was born. Chef, food network personality, & cookbook author.
1971 - Antonio Silva dies. Portuguese actor (b. 15 Aug 1886) / Morre, em Lisboa, o grande actor português
António Silva (n. 15 Ago 1886).
1972 - Mohawk Airlines Flight 405 crashes as a result of a control malfunction and insufficient emergency procedure training.1973 - La Unidad Popular gana las elecciones legislativas en Chile / A Unidade Popular vence as eleições no Chile, tendo como presidente Salvador Allende. 1973 - Presidents Rule introduced in the
Indian state of
Orissa 1973 - Matthew Marsden was born. English actor and singer.1973 -
Victoria Zdrok was born in Kiev. Ukrainian model, playmate (Oct. 1994).
1974 - A Turkish DC-10 crashes at Ermenonville near
Paris, killing all 346 aboard.
1974 - George Foreman KOs Ken Norton.
1974 - Paula Malai Ali was born. Malaysian-Bruneian TV presenter and actress.1976 - Mozambique closes border with Rhodesia.
1976 - 5 workers are killed by the police in a demonstration in Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain.1977 - Ronan Keating was born. Irish singer.1977 - Stéphane Robidas was born. Canadian ice hockey player.1978 -
Matt Diaz was born. American baseball player.
1979 - Alex Zane was born. English comedian1980 - The USS Nautilus is decommissioned and stricken.1980 -
Mason Unck was born. American football player.
1981 - Emmanuel Pappoe was born. Ghanaian footballer.1981 - Julius Malema was born. South African politician.1981 -
Sung Yu Ri was born. South Korean singer and actress.
1982 - Colton Orr was born. Canadian ice hockey player.1982 - Jessica (Claire) Biel was born in Ely, Minnesota. American actress .1982 -
Georges Perec dies (b. 1936). French novelist and essayist.
1983 - Ashley Hansen was born. Australian Rules footballer.1983 -
Hergé dies (b. 1907). Belgian cartoonist (Tintin).
1984 - Un terremoto ocasiona el desplome del cerro Murmutani, en el valle de Cochabamba (Bolivia).
1984 - Alexander Semin was born. Russian ice hockey player.1985 - Arthur Scargill declares that the National Union of Mineworkers national executive voted to end the longest-running industrial dispute in Great Britain without any peace deal over pit closures.1985 -
Sam Morrow was born. Northern Irish footballer.
1987 -
Danny Kaye dies (b. 1913). American actor, singer and comedian.
1988 -
Sewall Wright dies (b. 21 Dec 1889). American biologist geneticist, one of the founders of modern theoretical population genetics.
1989 - A selecção portuguesa de Futebol sagra-se campeã mundial de juniores, sob a direcção de Carlos Queirós.
1989 - A nave espacial Discovery foi lançada no espaço.
1989 - Erica Morningstar was born. Canadian swimmer, and record holder.1990 -
Gérard Blitz dies (b. 1912). Belgian waterpoloist and entrepreneur.
1991 - In two concurring referendums: 74 % of the population of Latvia vote for independence from the Soviet Union, in Estonia - 83 %.1991 - United Airlines Flight 585 crashes on approach into Colorado Springs, Colorado, killing 25.1991 - El Ejército Popular de Liberación de Colombia entrega las armas tras 23 años de lucha armada.
1991 - Latvia and Estonia vote to become independent of the USSR .
1991 - Miguel Trovoada installed as president of São Tomé e Príncipe.
1991 -
Arthur Murray dies (b. 1895). American dancer and dance instructor.
1991 - William Penney dies (b. 24 Jun 1909). (Baron Penney of East Hendred) British nuclear
physicist who led Britain's development of the atomic bomb.
1992 - Gas explodes in coal mine at Zonguldak Turkey, 100s die.
1992 - The nation of Bosnia was established.1993 - Albert Bruce Sabin dies (b. 26 Aug 1906). Polish-American physician and microbiologist best known for developing the first oral polio vaccine (1955), which was administered to millions of children in Europe, Africa, and the Americas beginning in the late 1950s.
1993 -
Albert Sabin dies (b. 1906). Polish-born medical researcher.
1994 - La Santa Sede y Jordania establecen relaciones diplomáticas.
1996 - España: el Partido Popular encabezado por José Maria Aznar López obtiene mayoría relativa en las elecciones generales.
1996 - Meyer Schapiro dies at 91. Art historian.
1997 - Stanislav Shatalin dies. Russian economist (500 Days).
1998 - Bill Gates testifies at Senate Judiciary Committee.
1998 -
Fred Friendly dies (b. 1915). American broadcast executive.
1999 -
Gerhard Herzberg dies (b. 25 Dec 1904). German-Canadian
physicist and
winner of the 1971 Nobel Prize for Chemistry for his
work in
determining the electronic structure and geometry of molecules, especially free radicals: groups of atoms that contain odd numbers of electrons .
2000 -
Toni Ortelli dies (b. 1904). Italian composer and alpinist.
2001 - A
U.S. Air Force Materials Command C-23 Sherpa transport crashes during stormy weather in the U.S. state of
Georgia, killing 21.
2003 - Goffredo Petrassi dies (b. 1904). Italian composer.
2003 -
Luis Marden dies (b. 1913). American photojournalist.
2003 - Peter Smithson dies (b. 1923). English architect.
2004 - Belgian brewer
Interbrew and Brazilian rival
AmBev agreed to merge in a $11.2 billion deal that formed
InBev, the world's largest brewer.
2004 - Alec Zino dies (b. 9 Feb 1916). Portuguese
ornithologist and
conservationist who gave his name to
Zino's petrel, Europe's rarest breeding bird. Only perhaps 45 mating pairs of the Zino's petrel (Pterodroma madeira)
remain on the island of Madeira, south-west of Portugal, where this small black and white seabird breeds.
2004 - In Yemen security forces arrested Abdul Raouf Naseeb, a leading al-Qaida member, along with other militants in the southern mountains.
2004 -
Cecily Adams dies (b. 1958). American actress and casting director.
2005 -
Steve Fossett becomes the first person to fly an airplane around the world solo without any stops without refuelling - a journey of 40,234 km/25,000 mi completed in 67 hours and 2 minutes.
2007 - Osvaldo Cavandoli was born. Italian cartoonist, creator of La Linea.2008 - Giuseppe Di Stefano was born. Italian operatic tenor.Australia - Labour Day.
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