Nothingandall: On this day in History

0363 - Julian dies killed in battle. Roman Emperor.
0684 - Benedict II becomes Pope.
1284 - According to legend, the Pied Piper lures 130 children of Hamelin away.
1291 - Eleanor of Provence dies. Queen of Henry III of England.
1409 - Western Schism: The Catholic church is led into a double schism as Petros Philargos is crowned Pope Alexander V after the Council of Pisa, joining Pope Gregory XII in Rome and Pope Benedict XII in Avignon.
1483 - Richard III becomes king of England.
1541 - Francisco Pizarro is assassinated in Lima by the son of his former companion and later antagonist, Diego Almagro the younger. Diego is later caught and executed.
1575 - Anne Catherine of Brandenburg was born (d. 1612). Queen of Denmark and Norway.
1653 - Cardinal André-Hercule de Fleury was born. Bishop of Fréjus, chief minister of France under Louis XV.
1662 - Portugal - Golpe de Estado palaciano que põe termo à regência da rainha D. Luísa de Gusmão. O governo é entregue a D. Afonso VI, tendo D. Luís de Vasconcelos e Sousa, 3.º conde de Castelo Melhor, como principal apoiante.
1681 - Hedwig Sophia, duchess of Holstein-Gottorp was born (d. 1708). Swedish writer.
1688 - Ralph Cudworth dies (b. 1617). English philosopher.
1689 - Edward Holyoke was born (d. 1769). American academic.
1694 - Georg Brandt was born (d. 1768). Swedish chemist and minerologist.
1702 - Philip Doddridge was born (d. 1751). English religious leader.
1703 - Thomas Clap was born (d. 1767). American academic.
1718 - Tsarevich Alexei Petrovich of Russia, Peter the Great's son, mysteriously dies after being sentenced to death by his father for plotting against him.
1723 - After a lasting siege and firing from the cannons Baku surrendered to Russians.
1784 - Caesar Rodney dies (b. 1728). American lawyer and signer of the Declaration of Independence.
1793 - Gilbert White dies (b. 1720). English ornithologist.
1807 - Lightning hits a warehouse in Luxembourg, killing 230 people.

1810 - Joseph Michel Montgolfier dies (b. 1740). Inventor of the hot air balloon.

1817 - Branwell Bronte was born (d. 1848). British painter and poet.

1819 - The bicycle was patented by W.K. Clarkson, Jr. of New York City.

1819 - Abner Doubleday was born (d. 1893). American Major General.

1821 - Bartolomé Mitre was born. President of Argentine.

1824 - Lord Kelvin was born (d. 1907). Irish-born physicist.

1825 - Francisco_Otaviano_de_Almeida_Rosa was born in Rio de Janeiro (d. 28 Jun 1889). Brazilian poet, journalist and diplomat.

1836 - Claude Joseph Rouget de Lisle dies (b. 1760). French composer (La Marseillaise).

1838 - Bankim Chandra Chatterjee was born (d. 1894). Bengali novelist.

1848 - End of the June Days Uprising in Paris.

1854 - Robert Laird Borden was born. Eighth Prime Minister of Canada.

1856 - Max Stirner dies. German philosopher.

1857 - The first investiture of the Victoria Cross in Hyde Park, London.

1865 - Bernard Berenson was born (d. 1959). American art historian.

1866 - George Herbert, 5th Earl of Carnarvon was born (d. 1923). English financier of Egyptian excavations.

1869 - Martin Andersen Nexø was born (d. 1954). Danish writer.

1870 - The Christian holiday of Christmas is declared a federal holiday in the United States.

1871 - As Conferências do Casino são suspensas pelo ministro do reino, marquês de Ávila e de Bolama.

1878 - Luís Edmundo de Melo Pereira da Costa was born in Rio de Janeiro (d. 8 Dec 1961). Brazilian poet and journalist.

1878 - Mercedes of Orleans dies (b. 1860). Queen of Spain.

1880 - Natalia, Princess Brassova was born (d. 1952).

1889 - Tobias Barreto dies (b. 7 Jun 1839). Brazilian poet and philosopher.

1892 - Pearl S. Buck was born (d. 1973). American writer, recipient of the Nobel Prize in literature.

1895 - George Hainsworth was born (d. 1950). Canadian ice hockey player.

1898 - Chesty Puller was born (d. 1971). The most decorated Marine in history.

1898 - Willy Messerschmitt was born (d. 1978). German aircraft designer.

1899 - Maria Nikolaevna Romanova was born. Grand Duchess of Russia, daughter of Tsar Nicholas II of Russia and Alexandra of Hesse.

1904 - Peter Lorre was born (d. 1964). Hungarian-born actor.

1904 - Frank Scott Hogg was born (d. 1951). Canadian astronomer.

1906 - Alberto Rabagliati was boprn (d. 1974). Italian singer.

1906 - Viktor Schreckengost was born. American industrial designer.

1907 - Debs Garms was born (d. 1984). American baseball player.

1908 - Salvador Allende was born. President of Chile (1970-1973).

1909 - Colonel Tom Parker was born (d. 1997). Elvis Presley's manager.

1910 - António Teixeira de Sousa assume o cargo de primeiro-ministro de Portugal.

1911 - Babe Didrikson Zaharias was born (d. 1956). American athlete and golfer.

1912 - Jay Silverheels was born (d. 1980). Actor.

1913 - Aimé Césaire was born (d. 2008). French Martinican poet and politician.

1914 - Laurie Lee was born (d. 1997). British writer.

1915 - Paul Castellano was born (d. 1985). American mafia boss.

1915 - Charlotte Zolotow was born. American author.

1918 - World War I Western Front: Battle for Belleau Wood - Allied Forces under John J. Perhing & James Harbord defeat Imperial German Forces under Wilhelm, German Crown Prince.

1918 - Peter Rosegger dies (b. 1843). Austrian poet and Nobel Prize laureate.

1919 - Richard Neustadt was born (d. 2003). American political historian.

1921 - Violette Szabo was born (d. 1945). French WWII secret agent.

1922 - Eleanor Parker was born. American actress.

1922 - Albert I, Prince of Monaco dies (b. 1848).

1923 - Barbara Graham was born (d. 1955). American murderer.

1924 - American occupying forces leave the Dominican Republic.

1924 - Costas Axelos was born. Greek philosopher.

1925 - Pavel Belyayev was born (d. 1970). Soviet cosmonaut.

1925 - Isabel da Nóbrega was born. Portuguese writer.

1927 - The Cyclone roller coaster opens on Coney Island.

1928 - Jacob Druckman was born (d. 1996). American composer.

1928 - Yoshiro Nakamatsu was born. Japanese inventor.

1929 - Milton Glaser was born. American designer.

1933 - Claudio Abbado was born. Italian conductor.

1933 - Gene Green was born (d. 1981). American baseball player.

1934 - President Franklin D. Roosevelt signs the Federal Credit Union Act, which establishes credit unions.

1934 - Initial flight of the Focke-Wulf Fw 61, the first practical helicopter.

1934 - Dave Grusin was born. American jazz pianist.

1934 - Jeremy Wolfenden was born (d. 1965). British journalist.

1936 - Francisco Nicholson was born. Portuguese actor/ Nasce Francisco Nicholson. Actor, escritor e figura da televisão portuguesa (Tentação (1997) "Olhar da Serpente, O" (2002) TV Series Writer: "Vila Faia" (1982) TV Series (writer) ).

1936 - Robert Maclennan was born. British politician.

1936 - Jean-Claude Cardinal Turcotte was born. Archbishop of Montreal.

1937 - Sombat Metanee was born. Thai film actor.

1937 - Robert Coleman Richardson was born. American physicist, Nobel Prize laureate

1938 - Gerald North was born. American climatologist.

1938 - Maria Velho da Costa was born. Portuguese writer.

1939 - Ford Maddox Ford dies (b. 1873). English writer.

1940 - World War II: Under the Molotov-Ribbentrop Pact, the Soviet Union presents an ultimatum to Romania requiring it to cede Bessarabia and northern part of Bukovina.

1940 - Billy Davis, Jr. was born. American singer (The Fifth Dimension).

1941 - Yves Beauchemin was born. Canadian novelist.

1942 - Gilberto Gil was born. Brazilian singer, songwriter and First Minister of Culture of Brazil.

1943 - Georgie Fame was born. British singer.

1943 - John Beasley was born. American actor.

1943 - Karl Landsteiner dies (b. 1868). Austrian biologist and physician, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine.

1945 - The United Nations Charter is signed / Surgimento da ONU : representantes de 50 países assinaram a Carta de São Francisco. Apoiada na tradição idealista norte-americana e com a tese de manter a segurança coletiva e a paz mundial, a Carta propunha a criação da Organização das Nações Unidas. Em 24 de outubro de 1945, a ONU passou a existir oficialmente.

1945 - Malachi York was born. Nuwaubian leader.

1945 - Dwight York was born. American musician, fashion consultant and cult leader.

1946 - Yosuke Matsuoka dies (b. 1880). Minister for Foreign Affairs of Japan.

1946 - Max Kögel dies (b. 1895). SS officer.

1947 - Richard Bedford Bennett dies (b. 1870). Eleventh Prime Minister of Canada.

1947 - Conferência em Paris entre a URSS, Grã-Bretanha e França sobre o Plano Marshall de ajuda norte-americana para a reconstrução da Europa.

1947 - Richard Bedford Bennett dies (b. 1870). Eleventh Prime Minister of Canada.

1948 - The Western allies start an airlift to Berlin after the Soviet Union has blockaded West Berlin.

1948 - William Shockley filed the original patent for the grown junction transistor, the first bipolar junction transistor.

1948 - José Barata-Moura was born. Portuguese singer, writer and professor.

1948 - Lilian Velez died murdered (b. 1924). Filipino actress.

1949 - Ana Zanatti was born. Portuguese actress and writer./ Nasce em Lisboa Ana Zanatti. Actriz portuguesa ("Vila Faia" (1982) TV Series Lugar do Morto, O (1984) ..."Saber Amar" (2002) TV Series . Milagre segundo Salomé, O (2004) ...). Apresentadora de televisão e recentemente escritora ( "Os Sinais do Medo", "Agradece o Beijo").

1949 - Kim Gu dies (b. 1876). President of the Provisional Government of the Republic of Korea.

1951 - Gary Gilmour was born. Australian cricketer.

1954 - Steve Barton was born. American actor, singer, dancer.

1955 - Mick Jones was born. British musician, guitarist with The Clash, Big Audio Dynamite.

1956 - Fidel Castro é detido no México com outros 20 membros do Movimento 26 de Julho.

1956 - Chris Isaak was born. American singer.

1956 - Clifford Brown dies (b. 1930). American jazz trumpeter.

1957 - Patty Smyth was born. American singer (Scandal).

1957 - Philippe Couillard was born. Quebec neurosurgeon and politician.

1957 - Alfred Döblin dies (b. 1878). German writer.

1958 - Andrija Štampar dies (b. 1888). Croatian physician and United Nations diplomat.

1958 - George Orton dies (b. 1873). Canadian athlete.

1959 - The Saint Lawrence Seaway opens, opening North America's Great Lakes to ocean-going ships.

1959 - Cuba rompe relações diplomáticas com a República Dominicana.

1959 - Mark McKinney was born. Canadian actor.

1960 - Madagascar alcanza la independencia de Francia.

1960 - Former British Protectorate of Somaliland British Somaliland gains its independence.

1960 - Zachary Breaux was born. American jazz guitarist.

1961 - Greg LeMond was born. American cyclist.

1961 - Terri Nunn was born. American singer (Berlin).

1963 - John F. Kennedy speaks the famous words "Ich bin ein Berliner".

1963 - Harriet Wheeler was born. English singer (The Sundays).

1963 - Mikhail B. Khodorkovsky was born. Russian businessman, CEO of YUKOS Oil Company.

1963 - Richard Garfield was born. American game designer.

1964 - The Beatles release the album A Hard Day's Night.

1964 - Gerrit Rietveld dies (b. 1888). Dutch architect.

1964 - Leo Dandurand dies (b. 1889). American-born Canadian sports executive.

1967 - Todd Pletcher was born. American horse trainer.

1967 - Françoise Dorléac dies (b. 1942). French actress.

1968 - Paolo Maldini was born. Italian footballer.

1968 - Shannon Sharpe was born. American football player.

1968 - Rich Eisen was born. ESPN SportsCenter anchor.

1969 - Colin Greenwood was born. British musician (Radiohead).

1969 - Mike Myers was born. American baseball player.

1970 - Chris O'Donnell was born. American actor.

1970 - Irv Gotti was born. American record producer.

1970 - Nick Offerman was born. American actor.

1970 - Paul Thomas Anderson was born. American filmmaker.

1970 - Sean Hayes was born. American actor.

1971 - Max Biaggi was born. Italian motorcycle racer.

1972 - Garou was born. Canadian singer.

1972 - Jai Taurima was born. Australian long jumper.

1973 - On Plesetsk Cosmodrome 9 persons were killed at an explosion of a Cosmos 3-M rocket.

1973 - Gretchen Wilson was born. American singer.

1973 - Paweł Małaszyński was born. Polish actor.

1973 - Jussi Sydänmaa was born. Finnish musician (Lordi).

1974 - The first retail product (a pack of chewing gum) was sold using a barcode reader.

1974 - The Universal Product Code is scanned for the first time to sell a package of Wrigley's chewing gum at the Marsh Supermarket in Troy, Ohio.

1974 - Derek Jeter was born. American baseball player.

1974 - Matt Striker was born. American professional wrestler.

1974 - Jeff Frankenstein was born. American musician (Newsboys).

1974 - Jason Kendall was born. American baseball player.

1974 - Nicole Saba was born. Lebanese singer.

1975 - Indira Gandhi establishes authoritarian rule in India.

1975 - Two FBI agents and a member of the American Indian Movement are killed in a shootout on the Pine Ridge Indian Reservation in South Dakota; Leonard Peltier is later convicted of the murders in a controversial trial.

1975 - Jonah Sorrentino was born. American hip hop artist.

1975 - Terry Skiverton was born. English football player.

1975 - St. Josemaría Escrivá de Balaguer dies (b. 1902). Spanish Roman Catholic priest. Opus Dei founder.

1976 - The CN Tower (Toronto, Canada) opened on this day in 1976.

1976 - Ed Jovanovski was born. Canadian ice hockey player.

1976 - Chad Pennington was born. American football player.

1976 - Joe Landon was born. American pornographic actor.

1977 - The Yorkshire Ripper kills 16 year old shop assistant Jayne MacDonald in Leeds, changing public perception of the killer as she was the first victim who was not a prostitute.

1977 - Last concert of Elvis Presley.

1977 - Kubo Tite was born. Japanese cartoonist.

1977 - Raul Gonzales was born. Spainish football player.

1978 - Air Canada Flight 189 to Toronto overran the runway and crashed into the Etobicoke Creek ravine. Two of 107 passengers onboard died.

1978 - Alexandra was born. French singer, L5's singer.

1979 - Muhammad Ali retires. Boxeur.

1979 - Andy O'Brien was born. English footballer.

1979 - Ryo Fukuda was born. Japanese racing driver.

1979 - Kostas Katsouranis was born. Greek footballer (SL Benfica, Portugal).

1979 - Walter Herrmann was born. Argentinian basketball player.

1980 - Chris Shelton was born. American baseball player.

1980 - Jason Schwartzman was born. American actor.

1980 - Michael Vick was born. American football player.

1980 - Sinik was born. French singer and rapper.

1982 - Alfredo Marceneiro dies (b. 1891). Portuguese fadist / Morte do cantor português Alfredo Marceneiro (n. 25 Fev 1891). Grande figura do fado.

1983 - Leela James was born. American singer.

1984 - Elijah Dukes was born. American baseball player.

1984 - Raymond Felton was born. American basketball player.

1984 - Deron Williams was born. American basketball player.

1984 - Jose Juan Barea was born. American basketball player.

1984 - Luiza Possi was born. Brazilian singer.

1985 - Urgyen Trinley Dorje was born. Tibetan spiritual leader.

1986 - Casey Desmond was born. American singer.

1987 - Carlos Iaconelli was born. Brazilian racing driver.

1987 - Samir Nasri was born. French footballer, currently playing for Marseille.

1989 - Melanie Griffith & Don Johnson marry for the 2nd time.

1990 - Ryan Ward was born. American actor.

1991 - Ten-Day War- Yugoslav people's army began Ten-Day War in Slovenia.

1992 - Jennette McCurdy was born. American actress

1992 - Herman Rohde dies (b. 1921). American professional wrestler.

1993 - The U.S. launches a missile attack targeting Baghdad intelligence headquarters in retaliation for a thwarted assassination attempt against former President George H.W. Bush in April in Kuwait.

1993 - William H. Riker dies (b. 1920). American political scientist.

1993 - Roy Campanella dies (b. 1921). Major League baseball player.

1994 - Jahanara Imam dies (b. 1929). Bangladeshi writer and political activist.

1994 - António Portugal dies (b. 23 Oct 1931). Portuguese musician.

1995 - Hamad bin Khalifa al-Thani deposed his father Khalifa bin Hamad al-Thani, the Emir of Qatar, in a bloodless coup.

1996 - Irish journalist Veronica Guerin (b. 1958) is shot in her car while in traffic in the outskirts of Dublin.

1997 - The U.S. Supreme Court rules that the Communications Decency Act violates the First Amendment.

1997 - Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone (Harry Potter and the Sorcerer's Stone in the U.S.), the first book in J.K. Rowling's hugely popular Harry Potter series, is published.

1997 - Israel Kamakawiwo'ole dies (b. 1959). Hawaiian singer.

1999 - O líder da resistência do Timor Leste e Prêmio Nobel da Paz 1996, José Ramos Horta, regressa a Jacarta pela primeira vez desde que, em 1975, a Indonésia ocupou a ex-colônia portuguesa.

2000 - O Vaticano revela que o terceiro segredo de Fátima se referia ao atentado ao Papa, à luta do comunismo contra a Igreja e ao sofrimento dos cristãos no século XX.

2001 - Soccer (dog actor) dies (b. 1988).

2002 - Arnold Brown dies (b. 1913). 11th General of The Salvation Army.

2002 - Jay Berwanger dies (b. 1914). American football player.

2003 - The U. S. Supreme Court rules that sodomy laws are unconstitutional in Lawrence v. Texas.

2003 - Sir Denis Thatcher Bt. dies (b. 1915). Husband of Margaret Thatcher.

2003 - Strom Thurmond dies (b. 1902). U.S. Senator.

2003 - Marc-Vivien Foé dies (b. 1975). Cameroon footballer.

2003 - Denver Randleman dies (b. 1920). U.S. Army Seargent.

2004 - Naomi Shemer dies (b. 1930). Israeli singer and song-writer.

2004 - Yash Johar dies (b. 1929). Indian film producer.

2005 - Princess Alexia of the Netherlands was born.

2005 - Richard Whiteley dies (b. 1943). British television presenter.