On this day in History - Apr. 22
- 0296 - Pope Caius dies.
- 0455 - Petronius Maximus dies. Roman Emperor.
- 0536 - Pope Agapetus I dies.
- 1056 - Observada uma supernova na nebulosa do Caranguejo.
- 1073 - Es proclamado en Roma el Papa Gregorio VII.
- 1357 - Johan I, King of Portugal, 1383-1433 was born.
- 1407 - Morre Olivier de Clisson, Condestável de França.
- 1451 - Isabella of Castile was born (d. 1504); Queen of Spain and patron of Christopher Columbus.
- 1509 - Henry VIII ascends to the throne of England after the death of his father.
- 1529 - Treaty of Saragossa divides the eastern hemisphere between Spain and Portugal along a line 297.5 leagues or 17° east of the Moluccas.
- 1550 - Edward de Vere was born (d. 1604). 17th Earl of Oxford, hereditary Lord Great Chamberlain of England.
- 1592 - Bartolomeo Ammanati dies (b. 1511). Italian architect.
- 1610 - Pope Alexander VIII [Pietro Ottoboni] was born (d. 1691) Italian lawyer/ Pope (1689-91 ).
- 1640 - Nascimento de Mariana Alcoforado, em Beja, freira no Convento de Nossa Senhora da Conceição. É-lhe atribuída a autoria das «Lettres Portugaises», um conjunto de cinco cartas de amor dirigidas ao marquês de Chamily.
- 1658 - Giuseppe Torelli was born (d. 1709). Italian composer.
- 1672 - Georg Stiernhielm dies (b. 1598). Swedish poet.
- 1690 - John Carteret, 2nd Earl Granville dies (b. 1763). English statesman.
- 1692 - James Stirling dies (b. 1770). Scottish mathematician.
- 1699 - Hans Erasmus Aßmann, Freiherr von Abschatz dies (b. 1646). German statesman.
- 1707 - Henry Fielding was born (d. 1754). English author.
- 1711 - Eleazar Wheelock was born (d. 1779). American founder of Dartmouth College.
- 1724 - Immanuel Kant was born (d. 1804). German philosopher.
- 1739 - Charles François Nivard was born (d. 06 Jan 1821). French artist.
- 1744 - James Sullivan was born (d. 1808). 7th Governor of Massachusetts.
- 1758 - Antoine de Jussieu dies (b. 6 Jul 1686). French physician and botanist who wrote many papers on human anatomy, zoology, and botany, including one on the flower and fruit of the coffee shrub.
- 1766 - Madame de Staël was born (d. 1817). French author.
- 1769 - Madame Dubarry torna-se a concubina oficial de Luís XV.
- 1778 - James Hargreaves dies (b. 1720). English inventor.
- 1806 - Pierre-Charles Villeneuve dies stabbed (b. 1763). French admiral.
- 1809 - The second day of the Battle of Eckmühl sees the Austrian army defeated by the First French Empire army led by Napoleon I of France and driven over the Danube at Regensburg.
- 1812 - Solomon Caesar Malan was born (d. 1894). British orientalist.
- 1816 - Charles Denis Bourbaki was born. French general.
- 1821 - A Inquisição é abolida em Portugal.
- 1821 - Após a volta de Dom João VI a Portugal, o Príncipe Pedro de Bragança é nomeado Regente do Brasil.
- 1821 - John Crome “Old Crome”, dies (b. 22 Dec 1768). British collector, teacher, etcher, and Romantic painter of landscapes who founded the Norwich Society of artists.
- 1832 - Julius Sterling Morton was born (d. 1902). Arbor Day founder.
- 1833 - Richard Trevithick dies (b. 1771). English inventor .
- 1836 - Texas Revolution: A day after the Battle of San Jacinto forces under Texas General Sam Houston capture Mexican General Antonio López de Santa Anna.
- 1839 - Denis Davydov dies (b. 1784). Russian general and poet.
- 1840 - Odilon Redon was born (d. 06 Jul 1916). French painter.
- 1844 - Lewis Thornton Powell was born (d. 1865). Would-be assassin of Secretary of State William H. Seward.
- 1846 - Henry Woods was born (d. 27 Oct 1921). British artist.
- 1852 - Guillaume IV, Grand Duke of Luxembourg was born (d. 1912).
- 1854 - Henri-Marie Lafontaine was born in Belgium. International lawyer and president of the International Peace Bureau (1907-43) . Nobel Prize in Peace 1913.
- 1854 - Nicolás Bravo dies (b. 1786). Mexican politician and soldier.
- 1860 - Ada Rehan was born (d. 1916). American stage actress.
- 1863 - American Civil War: Grierson's Raid begins - troops under Union Colonel Benjamin Grierson attack central Mississippi.
- 1864 - The U.S. Congress passes the Coinage Act of 1864 which mandates that the inscription "In God We Trust" be placed on all coins minted as United States currency.
- 1868 - Archduchess Marie Valerie of Austria was born (d. 1924).
- 1868 - José Viana da Mota was born. Portuguese composer and pianist.
- 1870 - Vladimir Ilich Lenin was born (d. 1924). Russian revolutionary, state leader.
- 1872 - Princess Margaret of Prussia was born (d. 1954). Queen of Finland.
- 1873 - Ellen Glasgow was born (d. 1945). American author.
- 1876 - The Boston Red Stockings defeat the Philadelphia Athletics 6-5 in the first National League Baseball game
- 1876 - Robert Bárány was born in Vienna (d. 1936). Austrian otologist. Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1914
- 1876 - Georg Lurich was born (d. 1920). Estonian wrestler.
- 1876 - Morte da Infanta D. Isabel Maria, filha de D. João VI, regente de Portugal de 1826 a 1828.
- 1881 - Alexander Kerensky was born (1970). Russian politician.
- 1884 - Otto Rank was born (d. 1939). Austrian psychologist.
- 1889 - At high noon, thousands rush to claim land in the Land Run of 1889. Within hours the cities of Oklahoma City and Guthrie are formed with populations of at least 10,000.
- 1889 - Richard Glücks was born (d. 1945). German SS officer.
- 1891 - Harold Jeffreys was born (d. 1989). English astronomer.
- 1891 - Nicola Sacco was born (d. 1927). American anarchist.
- 1891 - Vittorio Jano was born (d. 1965). Italian engineer.
- 1892 - Edouard Lalo dies (b. 1823). French composer.
- 1894 - Evie “Evie” Sydney Hone, was born (d. 13 Mar 1955). Irish painter and stained-glass artist.
- 1896 - Thomas Meik dies (b. 1812). British civil engineer.
- 1898 - Spanish-American War: The United States Navy begins a blockade of Cuban ports and the USS Nashville captures a Spanish merchant ship.
- 1899 - Vladimir Nabokov was born (d. 1977). Russian writer.
- 1904 - Robert Oppenheimer was born in New York (d. 1967). American physicist, A-bomb, Project
- 1905 - Robert Choquette was born (d. 1991). French Canadian novelist, poet and diplomat.
- 1906 - Eddie Albert was born (d. 2005). American actor.
- 1906 - Prince Gustaf Adolf, Duke of Westrobothnia was born (d. 1946). Second in line to the Swedish throne.
- 1908 - Henrry Campbell-Bannerman dies (b. 1836). Prime Minister & politician.
- 1909 - Carlos Chagas divulga suas conclusões sobre o microorganismo transmissor da tripanossomíase, hoje conhecida como doença de Chagas.
- 1909 - Indro Montanelli was born (d. 2001). Italian journalist and historian.
- 1909 - Rita Levi-Montalcini was born. Italian neurologist, Nobel laureate
- 1910 - Norman Steenrod was born (d. 1971). American mathematician.
- 1912 - Pravda, the "voice" of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union, begins publications in Saint Petersburg.
- 1912 - Kathleen Ferrier was born (d. 1953). British singer.
- 1914 - Babe Ruth, age 19, pitches his first professional game for the minor league Baltimore Orioles.
- 1914 - Jan de Hartog was born (d. 2002). Dutch writer.
- 1915 - Começou a segunda Batalha de Ypres .
- 1915 - The use of poison gas in World War I escalates when chlorine gas is released as a chemical weapon in the Second Battle of Ypres.
- 1916 - Yehudi Menuhin was born (d. 1999). English violinist.
- 1918 - Mickey Vernon was born. Baseball player.
- 1919 - Donald J. Cram was born (d. 2001). American chemist, Nobel laureate.
- 1922 - Wolf V. Vishniac was born (d. 1973). American microbiologist.
- 1922 - Charles Mingus was born in Arizona (d. 1979). American musician, jazz bassist - Pithecanthropus Erectus
- 1922 - Richard Diebenkorn was born (d. 30 Mar 1993). He had a fixation on the Ace of Spades
- 1923 - Avis Bunnage was born (d. 1990). English actress.
- 1923 - Louise Glück was born. American poet.
- 1923 - Bettie Page was born. American model.
- 1923 - Aaron Spelling was born. American television producer.
- 1924 - Vicente Augusto de Carvalho dies in São Paulo (b. 3 Apr. 1866). Brazilian poet, journalist and politician.
- 1925 - George Cole was born. British actor.
- 1925 - André Caplet dies (b. 1878). French composer.
- 1926 - Charlotte Rae was born. American actress.
- 1926 - James Stirling was born (d. 1992). British architect.
- 1927 - Laurel Aitken was born (d. 2005). Jamaican singer.
- 1929 - Henry Lerolle dies (b. 1848). French painter.
- 1930 - The United Kingdom, Japan and the United States sign the London Naval Treaty regulating submarine warfare and limiting shipbuilding.
- 1930 - Jeppe Aakjaer dies (b. 1866). Danish poet.
- 1933 - Henry Royce dies (b. 1863). British automobile manufacturer.
- 1934 - António Augusto de Lima dies in Rio de Janeiro (b. 5 April 1860). Brazilian poet and politician.
- 1935 - Paul Chambers was born (d. 1969). American jazz bassist.
- 1936 - Glen Campbell was born. American musician
- 1936 - Pierre Hétu was born (d. 1998). French Canadian conductor and pianist.
- 1937 - Jack Nicholson was born in New Jersey. American actor ( One Flew Over Cuckoo's Nest, Shining )
- 1937 - Jack Nitzsche was born (d. 2000). American composer.
- 1939 - Sérgio Mamberti was born in Santos - São Paulo. Brazilian actor.
- 1939 - Jason Miller was born (d. 2001). American playwright.
- 1939 - Mel Carter was born. American singer.
- 1939 - Theodor Waigel was born. German politician and finance minister.
- 1941 - José Guilherme Merquior was born. Brazilian sociologist, writer and diplomat.
- 1941 - Ruy Duarte de Carvalho was born in Santarém, Portugal. Film director (Recado das Ilhas, O )
- 1943 - Albert Hofmann writes his first report about the hallucinogenic properties of LSD.
- 1943 - Louise Glück was born. American poet and 12th US Poet Laureate
- 1944 - World War II: Operation Persecution initiated - Allied forces land in the Hollandia area of New Guinea.
- 1944 - Steve Fossett was born. American millionaire adventurer.
- 1945 - World War II: After learning that Soviet forces have taken Eberswalde without a fight, Adolf Hitler admits defeat in his underground bunker and states that suicide is his only recourse.
- 1945 - Os Aliados ocuparam a cidade de Bolonha
- 1945 - Käthe Kollwitz dies (b. 8 Jul 1867) German Expressionist printmaker and sculptor born on 08 July 1867, specialized in Self-Portraits.
- 1945 - Wilhelm Cauer dies (b. 1900). German mathematician.
- 1946 - A Brazilian woman gives birth to 10 babies, but it is not known if any are dead or alive.
- 1946 - The first installment of the popular Japanese comic strip, Sazae-san, is published in the Fukunichi Shimbun
- 1946 - John Waters was born. American film writer
- 1946 - Louise Harel was born. Quebec politician
- 1946 - Nicole Garcia was born. French actress and director
- 1946 - Steven L. Bennett was born (d. 1972)., USAF Congressional Medal of Honor Recipient.
- 1946 - Harlan F. Stone dies (b. 1872). Chief Justice of the United States Supreme Court
- 1946 - Lionel Atwill dies (b. 1885). English actor.
- 1950 - Peter Frampton was born. British musician
- 1950 - Zygi Wilf was born. Owner of the Minnesota Vikings
- 1951 - Ana María Shua was born. Argentine poet.
- 1951 - Tony Danza was born. Actor
- 1951 - Paul Carrack was born. British musician.
- 1951 - Horace Donisthorpe dies ( b. 1870). British entomologist.
- 1952 - Marilyn Chambers was born. American actress
- 1952 - François Berléand was born. French actor.
- 1953 - Juhani Komulainen was born. Finnish composer
- 1954 - Red Scare: Senator Joseph McCarthy begins hearings investigating the United States Army for being "soft" on Communism.
- 1955 - Congress orders all US coins bear motto "In God We Trust"
- 1955 - Johnnie To was born. Hong Kong film director and producer
- 1958 - Ken Olandt was born. American actor.
- 1959 - Catherine Mary Stewart was born. Canadian actress.
- 1959 - Ryan Stiles was born. Canadian-born actor.
- 1960 - Gary Rhodes was born. English chef.
- 1960 - Randall L. Stephenson was born. American business executive.
- 1962 - Jeff Minter was born. British video game programmer.
- 1964 - The 1964-1965 New York World's Fair opens for its first season.
- 1965 - Lauri Hendler was born. American actress.
- 1965 - Peter Zezel was born. Canadian ice hockey player.
- 1966 - Mariana Levy was born (d. 2005). Mexican actress.
- 1966 - Cida Mendes (Aparecida Silva Mendes) was born in Pará de Minas - MG. Brazilian actress.
- 1966 - Jeffrey Dean Morgan was born. American actor.
- 1967 - Sheryl Lee was born. American actress
- 1967 - Harvey Williams was born. American football player
- 1968 - Zarley Zalapski was born. Canadian ice hockey player
- 1968 - Carlos Costa was born in Spain. Tennis star.
- 1968 - Stephen H. Sholes dies (b. 1911). American recording executive.
- 1969 - Dion Dublin was born. English footballer
- 1970 - Andrea Giani was born. Italian volleyball player
- 1970 - Regine Velasquez was born. Filipino singer and actress
- 1970 - Shjerri Shepherd was born in Chicago, Illinois. American actress.
- 1970 - First Earth Day celebrated.
- 1970 - Os deputados Francisco Sá Carneiro e Francisco Pinto Balsemão, membros da Ala Liberal, apresentam na Assembleia Nacional um projecto de Lei de Imprensa que prevê o fim da censura prévia.
- 1971 - John Kerry, dressed in combat fatigues, testifies on his views of the Vietnam War before the United States Senate Foreign Relations Committee
- 1972 - Vietnam War: Increased American bombing in Vietnam prompts antiwar protests in New York City, San Francisco, and Los Angeles.
- 1972 - Anna Falchi was born in Tampera, Finland. Model, actress, (2000 Bodyguards ; 1998 Paparazzi )
- 1972 - Owen Finegan was born. Australian rugby player.
- 1973 - Adem Poric was born. Australian former footballer.
- 1973 - Ofer Talker was born. Israeli footballer
- 1974 - Diego Costa was born. Brazilian Singer-Songwriter Co-founder of CultureMachine
- 1974 - Shavo Odadjian was born. Armenian-born bassist (System of a Down)
- 1975 - Barbara Walters signs a five-year $5 million contract with the American Broadcasting Corporation (ABC), becoming the highest paid television newsperson.
- 1975 - O presidente de Honduras, General Osvaldo Lopez Arellano é deposto em um golpe não-violento e substituído pelo General Juan Alberto Melgar Castro.
- 1975 - Greg Moore was born (d.1999). Canadian race car driver.
- 1975 - Carlos Sastre was born. Spanish cyclist.
- 1976 - Dan Cloutier was born. Canadian ice hockey player.
- 1976 - Michał Żewłakow was born. Polish footballer.
- 1976 - Paul Henderson was born. Australian footballer
- 1976 - Frutuoso de Lima Viana dies at 79. Composer.
- 1977 - Andruw Jones was born. Baseball player.
- 1977 - Mark van Bommel was born. Dutch football player
- 1977 - Aaron Fink was born. Guitarist for Breaking Benjamin
- 1978 - The Blues Brothers make their first appearance on Saturday Night Live
- 1978 - In Paris, France, Izhar Cohen & Alphabeta win the twenty-third Eurovision Song Contest for Israel singing "A-ba-ni-bi".
- 1978 - One Love Peace Concert held at National Heroes Stadium in Kingston, Jamaica. Bob Marley united the two opposing political leaders at this concert bringing peace to the civil war ridden streets of Kingston, Jamaica.
- 1978 - Por fallo unánime el boxeador mendocino Hugo Corro se consagra campeón mundial de los medianos al vencer a Rodrigo Valdéz.
- 1978 - Jason Stollsteimer was born. American singer and lead guitarist (The Von Bondies)
- 1978 - Esteban Tuero was born. Argentinian race car driver.
- 1978 - Will Geer dies (b. 1902). American actor.
- 1979 - Daniel Johns was born. Australian musician (Silverchair).
- 1980 - Nicolas Douchez was born. French footballer.
- 1980 - Carlos Hernández was born. Venezuelan baseball player
- 1980 - Courtney Friel was born. Presenter of World Poker Tour.
- 1980 - Jane Froman dies (b. 1907). American actor.
- 1980 - Fritz Strassmann dies (b. 1902). German physicist.
- 1981 - El escritor uruguayo Juan Carlos Onetti es galardonado con el Premio Miguel de Cervantes.
- 1981 - Ken Dorsey was born. American football player.
- 1981 - Ben Scott was born. English Cricketer.
- 1982 - Kaká was born. Brazilian footballer.
- 1982 - Tim Hamilton was born. Slovak adult movie actor.
- 1983 - The German magazine, Der Stern claims that Adolf Hitler's diaries were found in a wreckage in East Germany.
- 1983 - Matt Jones was born. American football player.
- 1983 - Earl 'Fatha' Hines dies (b. 1903). American jazz musician.
- 1983 - John Louis Evans dies executed (b. 1950). Convicted murderer.
- 1984 - A Grã-bretanha rompe relações diplomáticas com a Líbia e obriga a retirada de todos que trabalham na embaixada em um prazo de sete dias.
- 1984 - Michelle Ryan was born. English actress
- 1984 - Amelle Berrabah was born. British singer (of Sugababes)
- 1984 - Ansel Adams dies (b. 1902). American photographer.
- 1985 - Sarney becomes President of Brazil.
- 1985 - Paul H. Emmett dies (b. 1900). American chemical engineer.
- 1985 - Jacques Ferron dies (b. 1921). French Canadian physician, author and politician
- 1986 - Dusan Sakota was born. Serbian-Greek basketball player.
- 1986 - Marshawn Lynch was born. American Football player.
- 1986 - Mircea Eliade dies (b. 1907). Romanian writer.
- 1988 - Irene Rich dies (b. 1891). American actress.
- 1990 - The Anti-Drug video Cartoon All-Stars to the Rescue is released.
- 1992 - 1992 explosion in Guadalajara, Mexico ; 206 people were killed, nearly 500 injured and 15,000 were left homeless
- 1993 - The Holocaust Memorial Museum in Washington, DC is dedicated.
- 1993 - The web browser Mosaic version 1.0 is released.
- 1993 - In Washington, DC, the Holocaust Memorial Museum is dedicated.
- 1993 - The web browser Mosaic version 1.0 is released.
- 1994 - Richard Nixon dies (b. 1913). American president.
- 1995 - Maggie Kuhn dies (b. 1905). American activist.
- 1996 - Cisco Systems acquires StrataCom for $4B
- 1996 - Erma Bombeck dies (b. 1927). American humorist.
- 1996 - Harold "Jug" McSpaden dies (b. 1908). American professional golfer.
- 1997 - Haouch Khemisti massacre in Algeria; 93 villagers killed.
- 1997 - A 126-day hostage crisis at the residence of the Japanese ambassador in Lima, Peru ends after government commandos storm and capture the building, rescuing 71 hostages. One hostage dies of a heart attack, two soldiers are killed from rebel fire, and all 14 rebels are slain.
- 1997 - A 126-day hostage crisis at the residence of the Japanese ambassador in Lima, Peru ends after government commandos storm and capture the building, rescuing 71 hostages. One hostage dies of a heart attack, two soldiers are killed from rebel fire, and all 14 rebels are slain.
- 1998 - Kitch Christie dies (b. 1940). South African rugby coach.
- 1999 - Apostolos Nikolaidis dies (b. 1938). Greek singer.
- 2000 - In a predawn raid, federal agents seize six-year-old Elián González from his relatives' home in Miami, Florida, and fly him to his Cuban father in Washington, DC, ending one of the most publicized custody battles in US history.
- 2000 - The Big Number Change takes place in the United Kingdom.
- 2002 - Linda Lovelace dies (b. 1949). American adult actress, '70s icon,("Deep Throat"), later an anti-porn activist.
- 2003 - Jolene Blalock / Michael Rapino were married.
- 2003 - Martha Griffiths dies (b. 1912). U. S. Congresswoman, women's rights proponent.
- 2003 - Michael Larrabee dies (b. 1933). American athlete.
- 2003 - Felice Bryant dies (b. 1925). American songwriter.
- 2004 - Two fuel trains collide in Ryongchon, North Korea, killing up to 150 people.
- 2004 - Pat Tillman dies killed in action (b. 1976). US football player and U.S. army ranger.
- 2004 - Jason L. Dunham dies (b. 1981). American Medal of Honor winner.
- 2005 - Philip Morrison dies (b. 1915). American physicist.
- 2005 - Erika Fuchs dies (b. 1906). German translator.
- 2005 - Norman Bird dies (b. 1920). UK character actor.
- 2005 - Robert Farnon dies (b. 1917). Canadian-born composer and conductor.
- 2006 - Alida Valli dies (b. 1921). Italian actress.
- 2007 - Juanita Millender-McDonald dies (b. 1938). Congresswoman from southern California.
- Earth Day
- Brazil - Discovery Day
- Acepsimas of Hnaita and companions
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