On this day in History - Feb. 16
- 0600 - Pope Gregory I decreed that "God bless you" was the correct response to a sneeze.
- 1032 - Emperor Yingzong of China was born (d. 1067)
- 1222 - Nichiren was born. Monk, founder of Nichiren Buddhism.
- 1247 - Heinrich Raspe dies (b. 1204). Landgrave of Thuringia.
- 1249 - Andrew of Longjumeau was dispatched by Louis IX of France as his ambassador to meet with the Khan of the Mongols.
- 1391 - John V Palaeologus dies (b. 1332). Byzantine Emperor.
- 1497 - Philipp Melanchthon was born (d. 1560). German humanist and reformer.
- 1519 - Gaspard de Coligny was born (d. 1572). French Huguenot leader.
- 1531 - Johannes Stöffler dies (b. 1452). German mathematician and astronomer.
- 1543 - Kano Eitoku was born (d. 1590). Japanese painter.
- 1560 - Jean du Bellay dies. French Catholic cardinal and diplomat.
- 1568 - The entire population of the Netherlands - three million people - was sentenced to death by the Roman Catholic Church for heresy; see Eighty Years' War.
- 1579 - Gonzalo Jiménez de Quesada dies. Spanish conqueror, founder of the Nuevo Reino de Granada (Colombia).
- 1595 - Fernando de Zárate comienza a levantar la fortaleza de Buenos Aires, lo que se considera la tercera fundación de la ciudad.
- 1643 - John Sharp was born (d. 1714). English Archbishop of York.
- 1646 - Battle of Great Torrington, Devon - the last major battle of the first English Civil War.
- 1698 - Pierre Bouguer was born (d. 1758). French mathematician.
- 1710 - King Louis XV of France was born (d. 1774).
- 1710 - Esprit Fléchier dies (b. 1632). French writer and Bishop of Nîmes.
- 1721 - James Craggs the Younger dies (b. 1686). English politician.
- 1727 - Nikolaus Joseph von Jacquin was born (d. 1817). Austrian scientist.
- 1742 - Spencer Compton Earl of Wilmington, becomes British Prime Minister.
- 1754 - Richard Mead dies (b. 1763). English physician.
- 1761 - Charles Pichegru was born (d. 1804). French general.
- 1773 - São abolidas as distinções entre Cristãos Velhos e Cristãos Novos, mandando-se queimar os registos cadastrais dos cristãos-novos.
- 1786 - Grand Duchess Maria Pavlovna of Russia was born (d. 1859).
- 1794 - César Hipólito Bacle was born. Swiss engraver and litographer.
- 1802 - Phineas Parkhurst Quimby was born (d. 1866). American philosopher.
- 1804 - First Barbary War: Stephen Decatur leads a raid to burn the pirate-held frigate Philadelphia.
- 1804 - Carl Theodor Ernst von Siebold was born (d. 1885). German physiologist.
- 1812 - Henry Wilson was born (d. 1875). 18th Vice President of US.
- 1815 - Salen de Cádiz (España) las fuerzas realistas para luchar contra la rebelión en Colombia y Venezuela.
- 1821 - México independency is proclaimed.
- 1821 - Heinrich Barth was born († 25 Nov 1865). German explorer.
- 1822 - Sir Francis Galton was born in Birmingham (d. 1911). English scientist, explorer, anthropologist, statistician and eugenicist, known for his pioneering studies of human intelligence.
- 1822 - James Patton Anderson was born (d. 1872). Major General (Confederate Army).
- 1823 - El comandante Antonio López de Santa Anna proclama la República de México.
- 1823 - Pierre Paul Proud'hon dies. Painter.
- 1824 - Peter Kozler was born (d. 1879). Slovenian cartographer and geographer.
- 1826 - Joseph Victor von Scheffel was born (d. 1886). German poet.
- 1831 - Nikolai Leskov was born (d. 1895). Russian writer.
- 1834 - Ernst Haeckel was born (d. 1919). German zoologist and philosopher.
- 1838 - Henry Adams was born (d. 1918). American historian and novelist.
- 1838 - Weenen Massacre: Hundreds of Voortrekkers along the Blaukraans River, Natal were killed by Zulus.
- 1840 - Republic of Ecuador is recognized by Spain.
- 1844 - Joseph Crosfield dies (b. 1792). English soap and alkali manufacturer.
- 1847 - Philipp Scharwenka was born (d. 1917). Polish-German composer.
- 1848 - Hugo de Vries was born (d. 1935). Dutch botanist.
- 1852 - Studebaker Brothers wagon company, precursor of the automobile manufacturer, is established.
- 1856 - Rudolph Karstadt was born (d. 1944). German entrepreneur.
- 1856 - Willem Kes was born (d. 1934). Dutch conductor.
- 1857 - The National Deaf Mute College (later renamed Gallaudet University) is established in Washington, DC becoming the first school for the advanced education of the deaf.
- 1859 - The French Government passes a law to set the A-note above middle C to a frequency of 435 Hz, in an attempt to standardize the pitch.
- 1866 - Spencer Compton Cavendish, Marquess of Hartington becomes the British Secretary of State for War
- 1866 - Billy Hamilton was born (d. 1940). Baseball player.
- 1866 - Vyacheslav Ivanov was born (d. 1949). Russian poet.
- 1866 - Phineas Parkhurst Quimby dies (b. 1802). 19th Century Philosopher.
- 1868 - In New York City the Jolly Gorks organization is renamed the Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks (BPOE).
- 1874 - Marie Gutheil-Schoder was born (d. 1935). German soprano.
- 1876 - George Macaulay Trevelyan was born (d. 1962). English historian.
- 1883 - Ladies Home Journal is published for the first time.
- 1883 - Elizabeth Craig was born (d. 1980). British writer.
- 1884 - Robert J. Flaherty was born (d. 1951). American filmmaker.
- 1886 - Van Wyck Brooks was born (d. 1963). American historian and critic.
- 1887 - Kathleen Clifford was born (d. 1962). American actress.
- 1889 - António Soares dos Reis dies (b. 1847). Portuguese sculptor.
- 1891 - Hans F. K. Günther was born (d. 1967). German eugenicist.
- 1892 - Henry Walter Bates dies. Entomologist who discovered thiousands of new insect species during expeditions in the Amazon.
- 1898 - Katharine Cornell was born (d. 1974). American actress.
- 1898 - Thomas Bracken dies (b. 1843). New Zealand poet, author of God's Own Country.
- 1899 - Knattspyrnufélag Reykjavíkur Iceland's first football club is founded.
- 1901 - Vincent Coleman was born (d. 1971). American actor.
- 1901 - Chester Morris was born (d. 1970). American film actor.
- 1901 - Wayne King was born. Band leader ("The Waltz King").
- 1903 - Edgar Bergen was born (d. 1978). Ventriloquist.
- 1903 - George-Henri Lévesque was born (d. 2000). Quebec priest and sociologist.
- 1904 - George F. Kennan was born (d. 2005). American historian, diplomat and political policy-maker.
- 1907 - Giosuè Carducci dies (b. 1835). Italian writer, Nobel Prize laureate in 1906
- 1909 - Hugh Beaumont was born (d. 1982). American actor.
- 1909 - Jeffrey Lynn was born (d. 1995). American actor.
- 1909 - Richard McDonald was born (d. 1998). American fast food pioneer.
- 1912 - St. Nikolai of Japan dies (b. 1836). Monk priest of Eastern Orthodoxy.
- 1915 - Jim O'Hora was born (d. 2005). American college football coach.
- 1915 - Elisabeth Eybers was born (d. 2007). South African poet.
- 1915 - Michael Relph was born (d. 2004). British film producer and director.
- 1916 - Bill Doggett was born (d. 1996). American jazz and rhythm and blues pianist and organist.
- 1916 - Raf Vallone was born in Tropea Italy. Actor (El Cid, 2 Women, Greek Tycoon).
- 1917 - Octave Mirbeau dies (b. 1848). French writer.
- 1918 - Joan Miró obtiene un estrepitoso fracaso en su primera exposición en Barcelona.
- 1918 - Patty Andrews was born. American singer.
- 1919 - Vera Kholodnaya dies (b. 1893). Russian film star.
- 1920 - Anna Mae Hays was born. American army general.
- 1921 - Jean Behra was born (d. 1959). French Formula One driver.
- 1921 - Araucaria was born. British crossword compiler.
- 1921 - Vera-Ellen was born (d. 1981). American actress.
- 1922 - First session of Haia Justice Permanent Court.
- 1922 - Heinz-Wolfgang Schnaufer was born (d. 1950). German night fighter pilot.
- 1925 - Carlos Paredes was born. Portuguese guitarist and composer.
- 1926 - John Schlesinger was born (d. 2003). English film director.
- 1926 - Suzanne Lenglen defeated Helen Wills at Cannes, France to retain the women’s tennis championship title. It was the only meeting between the two tennis greats.
- 1927 - June Brown was born. British actress .
- 1927 - Tom Kennedy was born. American game show host .
- 1928 - Eddie Foy dies (b. 1856). American singer and dancer.
- 1929 - Gerhard Hanappi was born (d. 1980). Austrian footballer.
- 1931 - Otis Blackwell was born (d. 2002). American songwriter and singer .
- 1931 - George E. Sangmeister was born (d. 2007). American politician.
- 1931 - Ken Takakura was born. Japanese actor.
- 1932 - Gretchen Wyler was born. American actress and dancer.
- 1932 - Otis Blackwell was born (d. 2002). American songwriter and singer.
- 1932 - Harry Goz was born (d. 2003). American actor.
- 1932 - Ahmad Tejan Kabbah was born. President of Sierra Leone
- 1932 - Ferdinand Buisson dies (b. 1841). French pacifist, recipient of the Nobel Peace Prize.
- 1933 - Domingo Martínez Luján dies. Peruvian poet.
- 1934 - Austrian Civil War ends with the defeat of the Social Democrats and the Republican Schutzbund.
- 1934 - Commission of Government sworn in as form of direct rule for the Dominion of Newfoundland.
- 1934 - Herbie & Harold Kalin was born. American singers (d. 2005-Harold / 2006-Herbie)
- 1934 - Marlene Hagge was born. American professional golfer.
- 1935 - Eduardo Gageiro was born. Portuguese photographer.
- 1935 - Sonny Bono was born (d. 1998). American singer, music and television producer, and Congressman.
- 1936 - Frente Popular wins elections in Spain.
- 1936 - 4th Winter Olympics games close at Garmisch-Partenkirchen, Germany.
- 1936 - Spanish Frente Popular (People's Front) wins elections.
- 1936 - Elections bring the Popular Front to power in Spain.
- 1936 - Jill Kinmont was born. American skier.
- 1937 - DuPont Corp patents nylon, developed by employee Wallace H Carothers .
- 1937 - Yuri Manin was born. Russian mathematician.
- 1938 - John Corigliano was born. American composer.
- 1938 - Barry Primus was born. American actor.
- 1940 - Altmark Incident: The German tanker German tanker Altmark, with 299 British prisoners, was boarded in neutral Norwegian waters by sailors from the British destroyer HMS Cossack and the prisoners set free, a breach of Norwegian neutrality at the beginning of World War II.
- 1941 - España: el centro de Santander devorado por un devastador incendio.
- 1941 - Kim Jong Il was born. North Korean leader .
- 1943 - Marilina Ross was born. Argentine singer and actress.
- 1943 - Brig Owens was born. American football player.
- 1944 - Richard Ford was born. American Pulitzer Prize winning novelist. His work included “The Sportswriter” and “Independence Day.”
- 1944 - António Mascarenhas Monteiro was born. Former President of Cape Vert.
- 1945 - Frank Welker was born. American voice actor.
- 1945 - Jeremy Bulloch was born. English actor .
- 1945 - American forces recapture the Bataan Peninsula.
- 1945 - Venezuela declares war on Nazi-Germany.
- 1945 - World War II: First American Aircraft carrier strikes on Tokyo.
- 1946 - Ian Lavender was born. English actor
- 1947 - Canadians granted Canadian citizenship after 80 years of being British subjects. Prime Minister William Lyon Mackenzie King becomes the first Canadian citizen.
- 1948 - Pete Postlethwaite was born. Actor.
- 1950 - Kazuki Tomokawa was born. Japanese acid-folk singer.
- 1950 - Roman Tam was born (d. 2002). Hong Kong famous singer.
- 1950 - Peter Hain was born. British politician.
- 1951 - William Katt was born. American actor.
- 1952 - Guillermo Vilas was born. Argentine tennis player (1977 US Open).
- 1952 - Barry Foote was born. Major League Baseball player.
- 1953 - George Martin was born. American footballer.
- 1953 - Lanny McDonald was born. Canadian ice hockey player.
- 1953 - Roberta Williams was born. Computer game designer.
- 1954 - Iain Banks was born. Scotish author .
- 1954 - Michael Holding was born. West Indian fast bowler cricket
- 1955 - Hunt Block was born. American actor.
- 1955 - Margaux Hemingway was born (d. 1996). American actress and model.
- 1956 - Britain abolishes the death penalty.
- 1956 - James Ingram was born. American singer.
- 1957 - Começo da visita oficial da Rainha Isabel II de Inglaterra a Portugal. A visita prolongar-se-à até ao dia 20.
- 1957 - The "Toddlers' Truce", a controversial television closedown between 6.00pm and 7.00pm was abolished in the United Kingdom
- 1957 - LeVar Burton was born. American actor .
- 1957 - James Ingram was born. American singer .
- 1958 - Ice-T was born. American singer, songwriter and actor .
- 1958 - Lisa Loring was born. American actress.
- 1958 - Oscar Schmidt was born. Brazilian basketball player.
- 1958 - Michael W. Burns was born. American politician.
- 1959 - John McEnroe was born. Tennis player; tennis’ bad boy for his frequent outbursts on the tennis court: Wimbledon Men’s Singles Champion [1981, 1983, 1984]; U.S. Open Men’s Singles Champion: [1979, 1980, 1981, 1984]) . ~
- 1959 - Kelly Tripucka was born. American basketball player
- 1959 - Fidel Castro becomes Premier of Cuba after President Fulgencio Batista was overthrown on January 1.
- 1960 - Pete Willis was born. English guitarist (Def Leppard).
- 1960 - Cherie Chung was born. Hong Kong actress.
- 1961 - Explorer 9 launched. (See Explorer program).
- 1961 - Andy Taylor was born. Musician (Duran Duran).
- 1962 - Jimmy Bostwick defeated his brother, Pete, to win the U.S. Open Court Tennis championships for the third time.
- 1963 - Dave Lombardo was born. Cuban drummer (Slayer).
- 1963 - Dano Halsall was born. Swiss swimmer.
- 1964 - Bebeto [Jose Roberto Oliveira] was born. Brazilian soccer player.
- 1966 - Vítor Paneira was born. Portuguese soccer player.
- 1967 - John Valentin was born. Baseball player.
- 1967 - Keith Gretzky was born Former hockey player; brother of Wayne Gretzky
- 1967 - Antonio Moreno dies (b. 1887). Spanish-born actor.
- 1967 - Smiley Burnette dies (b. 1911). American actor, singer and songwriter.
- 1968 - In Haleyville, Alabama the first 9-1-1 emergency telephone system goes into service.
- 1968 - Warren Ellis was born. Comic book writer.
- 1969 - Dimas was born. Portuguese soccer player.
- 1969 - David Heath was born. American professional wrestler better known as Gangrel
- 1970 - Angelo Peruzzi was born. Italian footballer
- 1970 - Joe Frazier starts a heavyweight world boxing champion winning streak with the knock out of Jimmy Ellis in five rounds.
- 1970 - DJ Wallis was born. American fitness competitor.
- 1970 - Serdar Ortac was born. Turkish popstar.
- 1970 - Angelo Peruzzi was born. Italian footballer.
- 1970 - Francis Peyton Rous dies (b. 1879). American pathologist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine.
- 1971 - Amanda Holden was born. British actress.
- 1972 - El ejército ecuatoriano derroca al presidente José María Velasco Ibarra .
- 1972 - NBA basketball player Wilt Chamberlain scores 30,000th point.
- 1972 - Jerome Bettis was born. American football player.
- 1972 - Taylor Hawkins was born. American musician (Foo Fighters)
- 1973 - Cathy Freeman was born. Australian athlete.
- 1973 - Nikos Kostakis was born. Greek footballer
- 1974 - Fanis Katergiannakis was born. Greek footballer
- 1974 - Johnny Tri Nguyen was born. Vietnamese American stuntman and martial arts actor
- 1974 - John Garand dies (b. 1888). Canadian rifle engineer and manufacturer.
- 1975 - Morgan Taylor dies (b. 1903). American athlete.
- 1975 - Norman Treigle dies (b. 1927). American bass-baritone.
- 1975 - Nanase Aikawa was born. Japanese singer
- 1975 - Vanina Ickx was born. Belgian racing driver
- 1976 - Eric Byrnes was born. American baseball player.
- 1976 - Joe Odagiri was born. Japanese actor.
- 1976 - Kyo was born. Japanese singer (Dir en grey).
- 1977 - Ian Clarke was born. Irish computer programmer.
- 1977 - Ahman Green was born. American football player.
- 1977 - Carlos Pellicer dies (b. 1897). Mexican poet.
- 1978 - E. Roland Harriman dies (b. 1895). American financier.
- 1978 - John Tartaglia was born. Broadway actor and Muppeteer.
- 1979 - Valentino Rossi was born. Italian motorcycle racer.
- 1980 - Ashley Lelie was born. American football player.
- 1980 - Nutty begins publication.
- 1980 - Erich Hückel dies (b. 1895). German physicist.
- 1981 - Jay Howard was born. British racing driver
- 1981 - Jerry Owens was born. American baseball player
- 1981 - Qyntel Woods was born. American basketball player
- 1982 - Agatha Barbara elected as 1st female President of Malta .
- 1982 - Wasalu Muhammad Jaco was born. American rapper
- 1983 - A ONU reafirma o direito à autodeterminação do povo de Timor-Leste.
- 1983 - The Ash Wednesday bushfires in Victoria and South Australia claim the lives of 71 people in Australia's worst ever fires.
- 1985 - The founding of Hezbollah.
- 1985 - Zoi Dimoschaki was born. Greek swimmer
- 1986 - The Soviet liner Mikhail Lermontov runs aground in the Marlborough Sounds, New Zealand.
- 1986 - Mário Soares (Socialist Party) is elected Portugal's 1st civilian president after 25 April 1974 .
- 1987 - The trial of John Demjanjuk, who was accused of being a Nazi guard dubbed "Ivan the Terrible" in Treblinka extermination camp, starts in Jerusalem.
- 1988 - Rosa Mota, Portuguese athlete, is considered by Track and Fields , the best marathonist of the world in 1988.
- 1988 - The Comedy Company debuts on Network 0-10 Ten.
- 1988 - Denílson Pereira Neves was born. Brazilian footballer.
- 1988 - Jean Carignan dies (b. 1916). French Canadian fiddler.
- 1989 - Pan Am flight 103: Investigators announce that the cause of the crash was a bomb hidden inside a radio-cassette player.
- 1989 - Egypt, Iraq, Jordan & North Yemen form common market.
- 1990 - Keith Haring dies (b. 1958). American artist.
- 1991 - Princess Alexandra of Luxembourg was born. Princess of Luxembourg.
- 1992 - Angela Carter dies (b. 1940). English writer.
- 1992 - Jânio Quadros dies in São Paulo (b. 1917). Brazilian politician.
- 1992 - Herman Wold dies (b. 1908). Swedish statistician.
- 1994 - Andrei Chikatilo dies (b. 1936). Russian serial killer.
- 1996 - Roger Bowen dies (b. 1932). American actor.
- 1996 - Edmund G. Brown dies (b. 1905). Governor of California.
- 1996 - Brownie McGhee dies (b. 1915). American singer.
- 1997 - Chien-Shiung Wu dies (b. 1912). Chinese-American Physicist.
- 1998 - A China Airlines Airbus A300-622R crashes on approach to airport, Taipei, Taiwan killing 203 including 6 on the ground .
- 1998 - Christina Anyanawu, Nigerian journalist, wins The UNESCO Guillermo Cano World Press Freedom Prize
- 1999 - In Uzbekistan a bomb explodes and gunfire is heard at the government headquarters in an apparent assassination attempt against President Islam Karimov.
- 1999 - Across Europe, Kurdish rebels take over embassies and hold hostages after Turkey
arrested one of their rebel leaders, Abdullah Öcalan. - 1999 - In Jasper, Texas, the trial begins of John William King who is accused of dragging African American James Byrd Jr. to death in an apparent hate crime.
- 1999 - Michael Larson dies. Press Your Luck Big-winning contestant
- 2000 - Karsten Solheim dies (b. 1911). Norwegian-born engineer and inventor.
- 2000 - Marceline Day dies (b. 1908). American actress.
- 2000 - Lila Kedrova dies (b. 1918). Russian-born actress.
- 2001 - William Masters dies (b. 1915). American gynecologist and sexologist.
- 2001 - Bob Buhl dies (b. 1928). Major League Baseball player.
- 2001 - Howard W. Koch dies (b. 1916). American film director.
- 2003 - Eleanor "Sis" Daley dies (b. 1907). Wife of Chicago mayor Richard J. Daley
- 2003 - Alexander Tišma dies. Author .
- 2004 - Shirley Strickland dies. Australian athlete, three-time Olympic champion .
- 2004 - Doris Troy dies (b. 1937). American R&B singer.
- 2005 - The National Hockey League cancels the entire 2004-2005 regular season and playoffs, becoming the first major sports league in North America to do so over a labour dispute.
- 2005 - Nicole DeHuff dies (b. 1975). American actress.
- 2005 - Queen Narriman dies. Second and last wife of King Farouk and mother of their only child King Fuad II
- 2006 - The last Mobile Army Surgical Hospital (MASH) is decommissioned by the United States Army.
- 2006 - Johnny Grunge dies (b. 1966). American professional wrestler.
- 2006 - Ernie Stautner dies (b. 1925). German-born American football player.
- Lithuania - Independence Day (1918)
- Kyoto Protocol Day (2005)
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