On this day in History - Oct. 4
- 0610 - Heraclius arrives by ship from Africa at Constantinople, otherthrows Byzantine Emperor Phocas and becomes Emperor.
- 1052 - Vladimir of Novgorod dies (b. 1020)
- 1160 - Alys, Countess of the Vexin was born. Daughter of Louis VII of France
- 1221 - William III Talvas dies (b. 1179). Count of Ponthieu.
- 1227 - Assassination of Caliph al-Adil.
- 1250 - Herman VI, Margrave of Baden dies
- 1289 - King Louis X of France was born (d. 1316)
- 1305 - Emperor Kameyama dies (b. 1249). Emperor of Japan
- 1379 - King Henry III of Castile was born (d. 1406)
- 1511 - Formation of the Holy League of Ferdinand II of Aragon, the Papal States and the Republic of Venice against France.
- 1515 - Lucas Cranach the Younger was born (d. 1586). German painter.
- 1532 - Francisco de Toledo was born. Spanish theologian and philosopher.
- 1537 - The first complete English-language Bible (the Matthew Bible) is printed, with translations by William Tyndale and Miles Coverdale.
- 1542 - Robert Bellarmine was born (d. 1621). Italian Jesuit, theologian and saint.
- 1550 - King Charles IX of Sweden was born (d. 1611)
- 1562 - Christian Sørensen Longomontanus was born (d. 1647). Danish astronomer.
- 1570 - Peter Pazmany was born (d. 1637). Hungarian cardinal and statesman.
- 1582 - Pope Gregory XIII implements the Gregorian Calendar. In Italy, Poland, Portugal, and Spain October 4 of this year is followed directly by October 15.
- 1582 - Teresa of Avila dies (b. 1515). Spanish mystic writer and saint. She co-founded with John of the Cross (1542-1591) the Order of Discalced (barefoot) Carmelites
- 1597 - Sarsa Dengel dies (b. 1550). Emperor of Ethiopia
- 1607 - Francisco de Rojas Zorrilla was born. Spanish dramatist.
- 1625 - Jacqueline Pascal was born (d. 1661). French child prodigy and sister of Blaise Pascal.
- 1626 - Richard Cromwell was born (d. 1712). Lord Protector of England, Scotland, and Ireland.
- 1646 - Thomas Howard, 21st Earl of Arundel dies (b. 1586). English statesman.
- 1657 - Francesco Solimena was born (d. 1747). Italian painter.
- 1660 - Francesco Albani dies (b. 1578). Italian painter.
- 1661 - Jacqueline Pascal dies (b. 1625). French child prodigy.
- 1669 - Rembrandt dies (b. 1606). Dutch painter and etcher (Steel Masters, Night Watch) .
- 1676 - O Cardeal Benedeto Odescalchi é eleito papa com o nome de Inocêncio XI
- 1680 - Pierre-Paul Riquet dies. French engineer and canal builder
- 1687 - Robert Simson was born (d. 1768). Scottish mathematician.
- 1693 - Battle of Marsaglia: Piedmontese troops are defeated by the French.
1699 - Francisco Vieira de Matos (Vieira Lusitano) was born in Lisbon(d. 13 Ago 1783). Portuguese painter. - 1720 - Giovanni Battista Piranesi was born (d. 1778). Italian artist,
- 1723 - Nikolaus Poda von Neuhaus was born (d. 1798). German entomologist.
- 1742 - Franz Joseph Muller von Reichenstein was born († 12 Oct 1825). Austrian minerologist who discovered the element Thelurium
- 1743 - John Campbell, 2nd Duke of Argyll dies (b. 1678). Scottish soldier.
- 1749 - Franz Freiherr von der Trenck dies (b. 1711). Austrian soldier.
- 1754 - Tanacharison dies. Catawba Indian chief.
- 1759 - Antoine Arbogast was born (d. 1803). French mathematician.
- 1777 - Battle of Germantown - Troops under George Washington are repelled by British troops under Sir William Howe
- 1779 - The Fort Wilson Riot takes place.
- 1785 - David Brearly dies (b. 1703). Delegate to the U.S. Constitutional Convention.
- 1787 - François Guizot was born (d. 1874). French statesman.
- 1795 - Napoleon Bonaparte first rises to national prominence with a "Whiff of Grapeshot", using cannon to suppress armed counter-revolutionary rioters threatening the French Legislature (National Convention).
- 1801 - Francisco María Oreamuno Bonilla was born. President of Costa Rica (1844).
- 1807 - Louis-Hippolyte Lafontaine was born (d. 1864). French Canadian politician, prime minister of the Province of Canada
- 1814 - Jean-François Millet was born (d. 1875). French painter.
- 1821 - John Rennie dies (b. 1761). Scottish engineer.
- 1822 - Rutherford B. Hayes was born (d. 1893). 19th President of the United States.
- 1824 - Mexico adopts a new constitution and becomes a federal republic.
- 1830 - Creation of the state of Belgium after separation from The Netherlands
- 1841 - Prudente José de Morais Barros was born (d. 1912). President of Brazil.
- 1851 - Manuel de Godoy dies (b. 1767). Spanish statesman.
- 1858 - Michael Pupin was born (d. 1935). Serbian-born telephone pioneer and author.
- 1859 - Karl Baedeker dies (b. 1801). German author and publisher.
- 1861 - Frederic Remington was born (d. 1909). American painter.
- 1862 - Edward Stratemeyer (one of his pen names was Laura Lee Hope) was born (d. 10 May 1930). American author. He created the Hardy Boys, Rover Boys, Nancy Drew and the Bobbsey Twins.
- 1864 - Joseph Montferrand dies (b. 1802). French Canadian logger and strong man.
- 1867 - Francis Xavier Seelos dies (b. 1819). German-American Roman Catholic priest.
- 1877 - Razor Smith was born (d. 1946). English cricketer.
- 1877 - Pancho Villa [Doroteo Arango] was born (d. 1923). Mexican revolutionary rebel
- 1880 - Damon Runyon was born (d. 1946). American writer.
- 1880 - Jacques Offenbach dies (b. 1819). German-born composer.
- 1881 - Walther von Brauchitsch was born (d. 1948). German Commander-in-Chief.
- 1883 - First run of the Orient Express linking Istanbul, Turkey, to Paris by rail.
- 1883 - First meeting of the Boys' Brigade in Glasgow, Scotland.
- 1886 - Luis Alberni was born (d. 1962). Spanish actor.
- 1887 - Fundação da cidade de Monte Azul (no Estado de Minas Gerais, Brasil).
- 1888 - Oscar Mathisen was born (d. 1954). Norwegian speed skater.
- 1890 - Catherine Booth dies (b. 1829). The Mother of The Salvation Army.
- 1891 - Assis Chateaubriand was born († 1968). Brazilian journalist and politician
- 1892 - Engelbert Dollfuss was born (d. 1934). Austrian politician.
- 1895 - Buster Keaton was born (d. 1 Feb 1966). American comedian, actor. (A Funny Thing Happened on the Way to the Forum, Hollywood Clowns, Man in the Silk Hat, It’s a Mad, Mad, Mad, Mad World, When Comedy was King, Sunset Boulevard, God’s Country, Doughboys, The Saphead). Grandfather of actor Michael Keaton.
- 1895 - The first U.S. Open Mens' Golf Championship run by the United States Golf Association was played on a nine-hole course in Newport, Rhode Island.
- 1895 - Hattie McDaniel was born. Academey award actress (Gone With the Wind)
- 1895 - Richard Sorge was born († 1944). URSS spy.
- 1897 - Manuel Luís Osório dies (b. 1808). Brazilian militar, heroe of Paraguay war
- 1902 - Prudente de Morais dies (b. 1841). Brazilian President
- 1903 - John Vincent Atanasoff was born (d. 1995). American computer pioneer.
- 1903 - Ernst Kaltenbrunner was born (d. 1946). German military officer.
- 1903 - Bona Arsenault was born (d. 1993). French Canadian politician, historian and genealogist.
- 1903 - Otto Weininger dies (b. 1880). Austrian philosopher
- 1904 - Karl Bayer dies (b. 1847). Austrian chemist.
- 1904 - Frédéric Bartholdi dies (b. 1834). French sculptor (Statue of Liberty).
- 1907 - Alfredo Keil dies (b. 1854). Portuguese archeologist, art collector and music composer ( A Portuguesa).
- 1908 - Fundação do Sport Club São Paulo
- 1910 - Portugal: King Manuel II is deposed and flees to the United Kingdom. Next day the Republic is declared / Início da revolução republicana em Portugal depõe o rei D. Manuel II
- 1910 - Morre por suicídio (ao julgar que a revolução falhara) Carlos Cândido dos Reis (n. 1852). Almirante português, republicano, chefe carbonário, liderou a revolta republicana de 1910.
- 1910 - Frankie Crosetti was born (d. 2002). American baseball player.
- 1914 - Jim Cairns was born (d. 2003). Australian politician.
- 1916 - Vitaly Ginzburg was born. Russian physicist, Nobel Prize laureate
- 1916 - George Sidney was born (d. 2002). American film director.
- 1918 - An explosion occurred killing more than 100 and destroying the T.A. Gillespie Company Shell Loading Plant in Sayreville, New Jersey. Fires and explosions continued for three days forcing massive evacuations and spreading ordnance over a wide area, pieces of which are still being found in 2007.
- 1918 - Kenichi Fukui was born († 1998). Japanese chemist.
- 1921 - Riccardo Zanella becomes first elected president of Free State of Fiume.
- 1921 - Francisco Morales Bermudez Cerruti was born. President of Peru
- 1922 - Malcolm Baldrige was born (d. 1987). 26th United States Secretary of Commerce
- 1924 - Charlton Heston was born. Academy Award-winning actor: Ben-Hur [1959]; In the Mouth of Madness, A Thousand Heroes, Tombstone, El Cid, Earthquake, The Ten Commandments, Planet of the Apes, Khartoum, Airport ’75, Midway, Omega Man, Antony & Cleopatra, True Lies.
- 1927 - Gutzon Borglum begins sculpting Mt. Rushmore.
- 1928 - Alvin Toffler was born. American author (Future Shock, Power Shift, The Third Wave).
- 1929 - Leroy Van Dyke was born. American singer.
- 1932 - Milan Chvostek was born. Canadian television director.
- 1933 - Esquire magazine was published for the first time.
- 1934 - Sam Huff was born. American football player
- 1935 - Jean Béraud dies (b. 1849). French impressionist painter.
- 1937 - Jackie Collins was born. British author.
- 1938 - Kurt Wüthrich was born. Swiss chemist, Nobel Prize laureate
- 1940 - Silvio Marzolini was born. Argentine footballer
- 1941 - Anne Rice was born. American writer (Interview with a Vampire).
- 1941 - Jackie Collins was born in London. Actress and author. Her books included “The world Is Full of Married Men (1968), “Stud” (1969), “Bitch” (1979) and “Deadly Embrace” (2002).
- 1942 - Karl W. Richter was born. American Aviator.
- 1942 - Álvaro del Amo was born. Spanish dramatist and film director.
- 1943 - World War II: U.S. captures Solomon Islands.
- 1943 - H. Rap Brown was born. American civil rights activist
- 1944 - Tony La Russa was born. American baseball manager
- 1944 - Al Smith dies (b. 1873). Presidential candidate and Governor of New York.
- 1945 - Clifton Davis was born. American actor
- 1946 - Chuck Hagel was born. American politician
- 1946 - Barney Oldfield dies (b. 1878). American automobile pioneer.
- 1946 - Susan Sarandon was born. American actress
- 1947 - Ann Widdecombe was born. British politician
- 1947 - Julien Clerc was born. French singer
- 1947 - Jim Fielder was born. American bassist (Blood, Sweat & Tears)
- 1947 - Max Planck dies (b. 1858). German physicist, Nobel Prize laureate in 1918.
- 1949 - Armand Assante was born. American actor: Mambo Kings, Hoffa, 1492: Conquest of Paradise, Blind Justice, Fatal Instinct, Trial by Jury, Private Benjamin, Jack the Ripper, The Lords of Flatbush.
- 1949 - Stephen Gyllenhaal was born. American director
- 1950 - Snoopy's first appearance.
- 1950 - Alan Rosenberg was born. Actor: The Last Temptation of Christ, The Preppie Murder, L.A. Law, Witch Hunt, Cybill, Chicago Hope, The Guardian.
- 1951 - Willie Moretti dies (b. 1894). American gangster.
- 1953 - Tchéky Karyo was born. Turkish-born actor.
- 1955 - Jorge Valdano was born. Argentine football player.
- 1957 - Launch of Sputnik I, the first artificial satellite to orbit the Earth.
- 1957 - Alexander Tkachev was born. Soviet gymnast
- 1957 - Bill Fagerbakke was born. American actor
- 1958 - Fifth Republic of France established.
- 1959 - Inauguração da Base Aérea de Monte Real - Portugal
- 1959 - Chris Lowe was born. British singer (Pet Shop Boys)
- 1959 - Tony Meo was born. English snooker player
- 1960 - Afrika Bambaataa was born. American musician
- 1960 - Joe Boever was born. American baseball player
- 1960 - Afrika Bambaataa was born. American musician.
- 1960 - An Eastern Airlines Lockheed L-188 Electra flying from Boston crashes killing 62 people after a bird strike.
- 1961 - Kazuki Takahashi was born. Japanese author and artist
- 1962 - Jon Secada was born. Cuban-American singer and songwriter
- 1963 - A.C. Green was born. Basketball star
- 1963 - Robert Schuman dies. Politician father of European Union.
- 1964 - Harpo Marx dies. American comedian ( Marx brothers)
- 1967 - Omar Ali Saifuddin III of Brunei abdicates in favour of his son, His Majesty Sultan Hassanal Bolkiah
- 1967 - Liev Schreiber was born. American actor
- 1967 - Marcus Bentley was born. British voice actor
- 1969 - Natalino Otto dies (b. 1912). Italian singer.
- 1969 - Morre Guilherme Rebelo de Andrade. Arquitecto português. Prémio Valmor 1939
- 1970 - Janis Joplin dies from a drug overdose (b. 1943). American singer (Down on Me, Pearl ; Every Little Piece of My Heart; Me and Bobby McGee).
- 1970 - Richard Hancox was born. English footballer
- 1971 - Friderika Bayer was born. Hungarian singer
- 1972 - Murray Happer was born. American wrestler
- 1973 - Chris Parks was born. American wrestler
- 1974 - Mafalda Arnauth was born. Portuguese singer (fadist).
- 1974 - Anne Sexton dies (b. 1928). American poet.
- 1975 - Cristiano Lucarelli was born. Italian football player (Shaktar Donetsk)
- 1975 - Joan Whitney Payson dies (b. 1903). American heiress.
- 1975 - A Cessna 310Q airplane crashes over Wilmington, North Carolina, killing the pilot and severely injuring several pro wrestlers affiliated with the NWA's Mid-Atlantic promotion. One of the survivors is the legendary Ric Flair
- 1976 - Official launch of the Intercity 125 High Speed Train (HST)
- 1976 - Alicia Silverstone was born. American actress (Clueless, The Babysitter, Batman & Robin, Blast from the Past).
- 1976 - Mauro Camoranesi was born. Argentine-Italian football player
- 1979 - Rachael Leigh Cook was born. American actress
- 1980 - Tomáš Rosický was born. Czech football player
- 1980 - Me'Lisa Barber was born. American track and field sprint athlete
- 1980 - Sarah Fisher was born. American race car driver
- 1981 - Justin Williams was born. Canadian ice hockey player
- 1982 - Glenn Gould dies (b. 1932). Canadian pianist.
- 1982 - Ahmad Hassan al-Bakr dies. President of Irak (1968-1979)
- 1983 - Hooters restaurant first opened in Clearwater, Florida
- 1983 - Richard Noble sets a new land speed record of 633.468 mph, driving Thrust 2 at the Black Rock Desert, Nevada.
- 1983 - Risa Kudo was born. Japanese gravure idol
- 1984 - Elena Katina was born. Russian musician (t.A.T.u.)
- 1985 - Laranjeiro é elevado a freguesia (concelho de Almada)
- 1986 - Yuridia was born. Mexican singer
- 1988 - Jim Bakker indicted for fraud.
- 1989 - Lil Mama was born. American rapper
- 1989 - Graham Chapman dies (b. 1941). British comedian ( Monty Python)
- 1989 - Secretariat dies (b. 1970). American race horse.
- 1989 - Fawaz Younis, a Lebanese hijacker convicted of commandeering a Jordanian jetliner in 1985 with two Americans aboard, was sentenced in Washington to 30 years in prison.
- 1991 - The Protocol on Environmental Protection to the Antarctic Treaty was opened for signature.
- 1991 - J. Frank Wilson dies (b. 1941). American singer (J. Frank Wilson and the Cavaliers)
- 1991 - Holly Wells was born (d. 2002).
- 1992 - An El Al Boeing 747-200F crashes into 2 apartment buildings in Amsterdam, killing 43 including 38 on the ground. See Bijlmerramp
- 1992 - The Rome General Peace Accords end a 16 years' civil war in Mozambique. / Assinado em Roma o Acordo Geral de Paz, entre o governo de Moçambique e a RENAMO, que pôs fim a 16 anos de guerra
- 1992 - Dennis Hulme dies (b. 1936). New Zealand race car driver.
- 1993 - Doom press-release version is made available to journalists for review.
- 1993 - At least five US soldiers die and two Blackhawk helicopters are shot down in a firefight with Mogadishu warlords (Somalia).
- 1993 - Russian constitutional crisis of 1993: Russian President Boris Yeltsin orders tanks to storm the Russian parliament building.
- 1993 - The events portrayed in the movie and book Black Hawk Down (a military insurgency in Somalia) occurred.
- 1994 - Danny Gatton dies (b. 1945). American guitar virtuoso.
- 1996 - Larry Gene Bell dies executed by electric chair. merican child murderer
- 1997 - The second largest cash robbery in U.S. history occurred at the Charlotte, North Carolina office of Loomis, Fargo and Company. An FBI investigation eventually resulted in 24 convictions and the recovery of approximately 95% of the $17.3 million in cash which had been taken.
- 1997 - Otto Ernst Remer dies (b. 1912). Nazi general
- 1997 - Gunpei Yokoi dies (b. 1941). Japanese game developer.
- 1998 - Leafie Mason of Hughes Springs, Texas is murdered by Angel Maturino Resendiz. She is Angel's second victim in his second incident.
- 1998 - Fernando Henrique Cardoso is reelected President of Brazil with 50.3% of the vote in early returns vs. 35.6% for Luiz Inacio da Silva of the Workers Party
- 1999 - Erik Brødreskift (aka Grim) dies (b. 1969). Norwegian black metal musician
- 1999 - Art Farmer dies (b. 1928). American jazz trumpet player.
- 1999 - Bernard Buffet dies (b. 1928). French painter.
- 2000 - Yu Kuo-hwa dies (b. 1914). Former Premier of Taiwan.
- 2001 - Blaise Alexander dies. American Race Car Driver
- 2002 - Alphonse Chapanis dies. Founder of ergonomics.
- 2002 - Gwen Araujo dies, murdered in an act of transphobia
- 2002 - André Delvaux dies (b. 1926). Belgian film director and screenwriter.
- 2003 - Sid McMath dies (b. 1912). Governor of Arkansas.
- 2003 - Maxim restaurant suicide bombing in Haifa: 21 Israelis, Jews and Arabs, were killed, and 51 others were wounded.
- 2004 - SpaceShipOne wins Ansari X Prize for private spaceflight.
- 2004 - Gordon Cooper dies (b. 1927). Astronaut.
- 2004 - Portugal: Início das transmissões do canal de TV RTP Memória
- 2005 - Marks the first day that the Vanadu rideshare van did not run in King County, WA
- 2005 - Prince Emmanuel of Belgium was boen.
- 2005 - Stanley K. Hathaway dies (b. 1924). American politician.
- 2006 - Tom Bell dies (b. 1933). English actor on stage, television and film.
- Lesotho's Independence Day
- Feast day of Saint Francis of Assisi in the Roman Catholic Church; also of Saint Amun and Saint Petronius of Bologna.
- Roman festivals - Ieiunium Cereris (Fast of Ceres) (since 191 BC; that calendar date fell in late spring at that time).
- Mozambique - Day of Peace and Reconciliation (Dia da Paz e da Reconciliação), in memory of the 1992 Rome General Peace Accords
- French Republican Calendar - Potiron (Pumpkin) Day, thirteenth day in the Month of Vendémiaire
- The beginning of World Space Week
- Sweden celebrates National Cinnamon bun Day (since 1999).
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