On this day in History - Aug 5
- 0465 BC - Xerxes I , king of Persia, is murdered by Artabanus, the Hyrcanian
- 0882 - King Louis III of France dies (b. 0863).
- 1063 - Gruffydd ap Llywelyn dies. King of Gwynedd
- 1192 - Jaffa: last battle of the 3rd Crusade (Saladin, with 7000 cavalry, defeated by Richard I, with 2000 infantry, 54 knights, and 15 horses) / Batalha de Jafa entre as forças de Ricardo Coração de Leão e de Saladino, durante a Terceira Cruzada.
- 1246 - Nidda : Conrad IV is defeated by Henry Raspe.
- 1301 - Edmund of Woodstock, 1st Earl of Kent was born (d. 1330). English politician
- 1305 - William Wallace, who led Scottish resistance to England, was captured by the English near Glasgow and transported to London for trial and execution.
- 1364 - Emperor Kogon of Japan dies (b. 1313).
- 1388 - Battle of Otterburn, border skirmish between the Scottish and the English in Northern England.
- 1391 - Castilian sailors set fire to Barcelona's Jewish ghetto, killing 100.
- 1392 - Charles VI (France) suffers a second attack of madness.
- 1397 - Guillaume Dufay was born (d. 1474). Franco-Flemish composer and theorist.
- 1496 - Bartolomé Colón, hermano de Cristóbal Colón, funda la ciudad de "Santo Domingo", que se convertiría en una de las ciudades importantes del Nuevo Mundo.
- 1498 - Columbus becomes 1st European to land on South American continent.
- 1529 - Peace of Cambrai ("Paix des Dames").
- 1540 - Joseph Justus Scaliger was born (d. 1609). Scholar who proposed the Julian Day system of dating.
- 1549 - Clyst Heath (Cornish Prayer Book Rebellion suppressed).
- 1566 - Siege of Szigeth begins (ends 8 September 1566).
- 1572 - Isaac Luria dies (b. 1534). Palestinian-born Kabbalist.
- 1579 - Stanislaus Hosius dies (b. 1504). Polish Catholic cardinal.
- 1583 - Sir Humphrey Gilbert establishes first English colony in North America, at what is now St John's, Newfoundland.
- 1604 - Birth of John Eliot, "Apostle to the Indians," Bible translator.
- 1610 - Alonso García de Ramón dies. Spanish soldier and twice Royal Governor of Chile
- 1620 - "Mayflower" and "Speedwell" sail from England.
- 1623 - Antonio Cesti was born (d. 1669). Italian composer.
- 1633 - Archbishop George Abbot bdies (b. 1562). Archbishop of Canterbury.
- 1641 - John Hathorne was born (d. 1717). American magistrate.
- 1648 - Lens: French defeat Spanish; end of 30 Years War.
- 1662 - James Anderson was born (d. 1728). Scottish historian.
- 1678 - Juan García de Zéspedes dies (b. 1619). Mexican musician and composer.
- 1694 - Leonardo Leo was born (d. 1744). Italian composer.
- 1716 - Battle of Petrovaradin
- 1716 - Eugenio de Saboya derrota a los Otomanos en Peterwardein.
- 1735 - Freedom of the press: New York Weekly Journal writer John Peter Zenger is acquitted of seditious libel against the royal governor of New York, on the basis that what he published was true.
- 1743 - John Hervey, Lord Hervey dies (b. 1696). English statesman and writer.
- 1763 - Pontiac's War - Battle of Bushy Run - British forces led by Henry Bouquet defeat Chief Pontiac's Indians at Bushy Run.
- 1772 - First Partition of Poland begins.
- 1778 - Charles Clémencet dies (b. 1703). French historian.
- 1792 - Frederick North, Lord North dies (b. 1732). Prime Minister of the United Kingdom.
- 1798 - John, Lord Wrottesley, was born distinguished astronomer, and president of the Royal Society
- 1798 - Nace en San Juan, Argentina, Salvador María del Carril. En 1854 acompañó en la fórmula presidencial al General Justo José de Urquiza. Fue el primer Vicepresidente electo según la Constitución de 1853.
- 1799 - Richard Howe dies (b. 1726). British admiral.
- 1802 - Niels Henrik Abel was born. Norwegian mathematician
- 1811 - Ambroise Thomas was born (d. 1896). French opera composer.
- 1812 - War of 1812: Tecumseh's Indian force ambushes Thomas Van Horne's 200 Americans at Brownstone Creek, causing them to flee and retreat.
- 1813 - Ivar Aasen was born (d. 1896). Norwegian poet and language reformer
- 1815 - Edward John Eyre was born (d. 1901). Rnglish explorer.
- 1827 - Deodoro da Fonseca was born (d. 1892). First president of Brazil.
- 1842 - Ferdinand Keller was born (d. 1922). Painter
- 1848 - Pedro Vélez dies. President of Mexico in 1829.
- 1850 - Guy de Maupassant was born at Chateau de Miromesnil († 7 Jul 1893). French author (The Tellier House, Yvette, Toine, The Horla, The Diamond Necklace, The Umbrella, The Piece of String, A Woman’s Life, Bel-Ami -1885, Peter and John;"Mademoiselle Fifi "-1882, "Yvette Samoris" -1884 )
- 1858 - Cyrus West Field and others complete the first transatlantic telegraph cable after several unsuccessful attempts. It operated for less than a month.
- 1860 - Joseph Carey Merrick was born (d. 1890). Deformed celebrity -"The elefant man"
- 1861 - American Civil War: In order to help pay for the war effort, the United States government issues the first income tax as part of the Revenue Act of 1861 (3% of all incomes over US $800; rescinded in 1872).
- 1861 - The United States Army abolished flogging.
- 1862 - American Civil War: Battle of Baton Rouge - Along the Mississippi River near Baton Rouge, Louisiana, Confederate troops drive Union forces back into the city.
- 1862 - Joseph Merrick was born (d. 1890). The Elephant Man.
- 1864 - American Civil War: Battle of Mobile Bay begins - At Mobile Bay near Mobile, Alabama, Admiral David Farragut leads a Union flotilla through Confederate defenses and seals one of the last major Southern ports.
- 1866 - Carl Harries was born (d. 1923). German chemist.
- 1866 - Harry Trott was born (d. 1917). Australian cricketer.
- 1867 - El presidente Benito Juárez restaura la República y asentado ya en la capital, instala la Suprema Corte de Justicia de la Nación.
- 1868 - Oskar Merikanto was born. Finish composer.
- 1868 - Jacques Boucher de Crèvecœur de Perthes dies (b. 1788). French archaeologist.
- 1872 - Oswaldo Cruz was born (d. 1917). Brazilian physician.
- 1877 - Tom Thomson was born (d. 1917). Canadian painter
- 1880 - Ferdinand Ritter von Hebra dies (b. 1816). Austrian physician.
- 1882 - Standard Oil of New Jersey is established.
- 1882 - Martial law is enacted in Japan.
- 1886 - Se proclama la Constitucion política de Colombia, que se organiza como República Central Unitaria.
- 1888 - Victor Francen was born (d. 1977). Belgian-born actor.
- 1889 - Conrad Aiken was born in Savannah, Georgia (d. 17 Aug 1973). American writer who won a Pulitzer Prize for his Selected Poems.
- 1890 - Erich Kleiber was born in Vienna (d. 1956). Austrian-born conductor (NBC Symphony 1945-46).
- 1890 - Naum Gabo (Naum Pevsner) was born (d. 1977). Russian sculptor.
- 1895 - Friedrich Engels dies (b. 1820). German philosopher.
- 1897 - Aksel Larsen was born (d. 1972). Danish politician.
- 1901 - Peter O'Connor sets the first IAAF recognised long jump world record of 24ft 11¾ins. The record will stand for 20 years.
- 1901 - Claude Autant-Lara was born (d. 2000). French film director.
- 1906 - John Huston was born in Nevada, Missouri (d. 28 Aug 1987). American Academy Award-winning director: Treasure of Sierra Madre [1948]; "The Maltese Falcon" The African Queen, Prizzi’s Honor; father of Academy Award-winning actress Angelica Huston;
- 1906 - Wassily Leontief was born (d. 1999). Russian economist, Nobel Prize in 1973.
- 1906 - Joan Hickson was born (d. 1998). British actress.
- 1908 - Airship LZ 4 explodes - Ferdinand Graf von Zeppelin's airship LZ 4 was completely destroyed after an emergency landing near Stuttgart in a storm
- 1908 - Harold Holt was born (d. 1967). Seventeenth Prime Minister of Australia.
- 1910 - Bruno Coquatrix was born (d. 1979). French songwriter and music impresario
- 1911 - Robert Taylor was born (d. 8 Jun 1969). American actor ( Magnificent Obsession, Quo Vadis, Billy the Kid, Bataan, Knights of the Round Table, The Night Walker, Death Valley Days).
- 1911 - Bob Caruthers was born (d. 1864). Baseball player.
- 1912 - Japan's first taxicab service begins in Ginza, Tokyo.
- 1912 - Narcizo Ibáñez Menta was born. Actor.
- 1912 - Abbé Pierre was born. French catholic priest
- 1914 - In Cleveland, Ohio, the first electric traffic light is installed.
- 1914 - David Brian was born (d. 1993). American actor.
- 1918 - Betty Oliphant was born (d. 2004). Canadian ballerin.
- 1918 - Tom Drake was born (d. 1982). American actor.
- 1923 - Devan Nair was born. President of Singapore from 1981 to 1985.
- 1923 - Vatroslav Jagic dies (b. 1835). Croatian slavist.
- 1925 - Plaid Cymru is formed with the aim of disseminating knowledge of the Welsh language, which is in danger of dying out.
- 1926 - María Abella, fallece en La Plata, Argentina. Pionera en la defensa de los derechos de las mujeres. Nacida en Uruguay, su activismo se desarrolló principalmente en Argentina, donde en 1910 creó la primera organización feminista.
- 1929 - Millicent Fawcett dies (b. 1847). British suffragist and feminist
- 1930 - Neil Armstrong was born. American astronaut
- 1932 - D. Maurílio Jorge Quintal de Gouveia was born. Portuguese archbishop.
- 1934 - Wendell Berry was born. American poet, writer and farmer
- 1935 - John Saxon was born. American actor.
- 1935 - Alfredo Roque Gameiro dies. Portuguese painter.
- 1936 - Jesse Owens won his 3rd Olympic medal at the Berlin Olympics by running a 200-meter race in 20.7 seconds.
- 1937 - Herb Brooks was born (d. 2003). American ice hockey coach.
- 1939 - Princess Irene of the Netherlands was born.
- 1940 - World War II : Latvia is annexed by the Soviet Union.
- 1940 - Roman Gabriel was born. Professional football player
- 1943 - Nelson Briles was born (d. 2005). Major League Baseball player.
- 1943 - World War II: During the Battle of Troina, at around 11 A.M, Mount Etna erupted sending much ash and lave miles into the sky.
- 1943 - Nelson Briles was born (d. 2005). American baseball player.
- 1943 - Sammi Smith was born (d. 2005). American country singer and songwriter.
- 1944 - World War II: Possibly the biggest prison breakout in history occurs as 545 Japanese POWs attempt to escape outside the town of Cowra, NSW, Australia. Most are killed but many escape and later commit suicide. Five Australian guards also die.
- 1946 - Loni Anderson was born. American actress ( WKRP in Cincinnati, The Jayne Mansfield Story, Easy Street, Necessity, Nurses )
- 1946 - Erika Slezak was born. Emmy Award-winning actress ( One Life to Live)
- 1946 - Jimmy Webb was born. Composer, musician
- 1946 - Ron Silliman was born. American poet
- 1946 - Wilhelm Marx dies (b. 1863). Chancellor of Germany
- 1947 - Angry Anderson was born. Australian entertainer
- 1947 - Bernie Carbo was born. American baseball player
- 1947 - Rick Derringer was born. American rock and roll musician
- 1948 - Carole Laure was born. Quebec actress
- 1949 - In Ecuador an earthquake destroys 50 towns and kills more than 6000.
- 1951 - John Jarratt was born. Australian actor
- 1952 - Audrey Blood Hillman was born. Eminent Native Plant Gardener.
- 1953 - Rick Mahler was born (d. 2005). American baseball player.
- 1953 - Samantha Sang was born. Australian singer
- 1954 - Brasil: Major Rubens Vaz morre no Atentado da Rua Toneleros
- 1955 - Carmen Miranda dies. Portuguese actress and singer
- 1956 - Maureen McCormick was born. American actress (The Brady Bunch)
- 1957 - American Bandstand, a show dedicated to the teenage "baby-boomers" by playing the songs and showing popular dances of the time, debuts on the ABC television network.
- 1957 - Heinrich Otto Wieland dies (b. 1877). German chemist, Nobel Prize laureate.
- 1958 - USS "Nautilus" the nuclear-powered submarine completed a record-breaking undersea journey of 3.200 Km from Alaska to Greenland Sea.
- 1959 - Pete Burns was born. British singer
- 1959 - Edgar Guest dies (b. 1881). English poet.
- 1960 - Arthur Meighen dies. Ninth Prime Minister of Canada.
- 1960 - Seth Swirsky was born. American songwriter.
- 1961 - Tawny Kitaen was born. American actress.
- 1961 - Mark O'Connor was born. American violinist.
- 1961 - Clayton Rohner was born. American actor.
- 1962 - Patrick Ewing was born. American basketball player
- 1962 - Film actress and sex icon, Marilyn Monroe (b. 1926) is found dead in her Los Angeles, California home after apparently overdosing on sleeping pills. "Some Like It Hot"
- 1962 - Nelson Mandela is jailed. He would not be released until 1990.
- 1963 - Salvador Bacarisse dies (b. 1898). Spanish composer.
- 1964 - Vietnam War: Operation Pierce Arrow - American aircraft from carriers USS Ticonderoga and USS Constellation bomb North Vietnam in retaliation for strikes attacked US destroyers in the Gulf of Tonkin.
- 1964 - Adam Yauch was born. American musician
- 1964 - Art Ross dies (b. 1886). Professional ice hockey player and executive (See Art Ross Trophy).
- 1965 - Motoi Sakuraba was born. Japanese composer
- 1966 - Jonathan Silverman was born. American actor
- 1967 - Os Pink Floyd editam o álbum The piper at the gates of dawn.
- 1968 - John Olerud was born. American baseball player
- 1968 - Oleg Luzhny was born. Ukrainian footballer
- 1968 - Tokimitsu Ishizawa was born. Japanese professional wrestler
- 1968 - Terri Clark was born. Canadian country singer
- Vietnam War: The U.S. Congress places a $1 billion dollar limit on 1974 military aid to South Vietnam.
- 1971 - Evil Jared Hasselhoff was born. American bassist (The Bloodhound Gang)
- 1972 - Christian Olde Wolbers was born. Belgian bassist (Fear Factory)
- 1973 - Adam Hackbarth was born. Screenwriter.
- 1973 - Three people are killed and 55 wounded when two Arab gunmen open fire on a crowded passenger lounge at Athens airport.
- 1974 - Vietnam War: The U.S. Congress places a $1 billion dollar limit on military aid to South Vietnam.
- 1974 - Antoine Sibierski was born. French footballer
- 1974 - Alvin Ceccoli was born. Australian footballer
- 1975 - Ami Foster was born. American actress
- 1975 - Kajol Mukherjee was born. Indian actress
- 1976 - Jeff Friesen was born. Canadian ice hockey player
- 1976 - Kwon Sang-woo was born. South Korean actor
- 1977 - Mark Mulder was born. American baseball player
- 1977 - Eric Hinske was born. American baseball player
- 1978 - Nektaria Karantzi was born. Greek singer
- 1978 - Kim Gevaert was born. Belgian sprint athlete.
- 1978 - Jesse Haines dies (b. 1893). Baseball player.
- 1979 - In Afghanistan, Maoists undertake an attempted military uprising.
- 1979 - Maria de Lourdes Pintassilgo é eleita Primeiro Ministro de Portugal.
- 1979 - In Afghanistan, Maoists undertake an attempted military uprising.
- 1979 - David Healy was born. Northern Irish footballer
- 1980 - Wayne Bridge was born. English footballer
- 1980 - Jason Čulina was born. Australian footballer
- 1981 - Ronald Reagan fires 11,359 striking air-traffic controllers who ignored his order for them to return to work.
- 1981 - Carl Crawford was born. American baseball player
- 1981 - Rachel Scott was born (d. 1999). Victim of the Columbine High School massacre
- 1981 - Kō Shibasaki was born. Japanese singer and actress.
- 1981 - Travis McCoy was born. American singer (Gym Class Heroes)
- 1981 - Erik Guay was born. Quebec alpine skier
- 1982 - LoLo Jones was born. American track and field athlete
- 1982 - Ryu Seung Min was born. Korean table tennis player
- 1982 - Tobias Regner was born. German singer
- 1983 - IRA members jailed for 4,000 years Twenty two members of the IRA are jailed for a total of more than 4,000 years following one of Northern Ireland's biggest mass trials.
- 1983 - Dawn Richard was born. American singer (Danity Kane)
- 1984 - Richard Burton dies at a hospital in Geneva, Switzerland, at the age of 58. British actor.
- 1984 - Joan Benoit won the first women’s Olympic marathon at the XXIII Summer Games in Los Angeles, California. Rosa Mota, Portuguese runner won the Silver Medal.
- 1985 - Se suicida en Los Angeles (EE.UU.) Paul Bregman, tripulante del bombardero que arrojó una bomba atómica sobre Nagasaki en agosto de 1945.
- 1985 - Salomon Kalou was born. Ivory Coast footballer
- 1986 - Muere Deng Jiaxian, científico que desarrolló y puso a punto la bomba atómica china.
- 1987 - Genelia D'Souza was born. Indian actress
- 1987 - Xenia Tchoumitcheva was born. Swiss model
- 1991 - Paul Brown dies (b. 1908). American football coach.
- 1991 - Soichiro Honda dies (b. 1906). Founder of the Honda Motor Company.
- 1992 - Jeff Porcaro dies (b. 1954). American drummer.
- 1993 - Popular trading card game Magic: The Gathering is released. First trading card game to date.
- 1993 - Suzuka Ohgo was born. Japanese actress
- 1993 - Corey J. Smith was born. English television actor
- 1994 - Argentina, Brasil, Paraguay y Uruguay firman los acuerdos que dan comienzo al Mercosur.
- 1994 - Alain de Changy dies (b. 1922). Belgian racing driver.
- 1995 - The city of Knin, a significant Serb stronghold, is liberated by Croatian forces during Operation Storm. The date is celebrated as the day of victory, Homeland Thanksgiving day in Croatia.
- 1995 - El secretario de Estado norteamericano, Warren Christopher, y su homólogo vietnamita, Nguyen Manh Cam, firman en Hanoi la normalización de relaciones entre ambos países después de 20 años.
- 1995 - A atleta portuguesa Manuela Machado ganha a medalha de Ouro da maratona feminina do Campeonato do Mundo de Atletismo, em Gotemburgo (Suécia).
- 1997 - Ramzi Yousef, mastermind of world trade center bombing, went on trial.
- 1997 - Carla Sacramento, atleta portuguesa, conquista a Medalha de Ouro nos 1.500 metros dos Mundiais de Atletismo em Atenas. Por sua vez Fernanda Ribeiro nos mesmos campeonatos obtém a medalha de prata nos 10.000 metros.
- 1998 - Todor Zhivkov dies (b. 1911). Bulgarian Communist dictator from 1956 to 1989.
- 1999 - Mark McGwire becomes the 16th member of the 500 home run club with a home run at Busch Stadium in St. Louis, Missouri.
- 2000 - Maya Bond was born. Japanese-born American singer and musician
- 2000 - Sir Alec Guinness dies (b. 1914). British actor.
- 2000 - Otto Buchsbaum dies (b. 1920). Austrian-born writer and ecological activist
- 2001 - The Cleveland Indians defeat the Seattle Mariners 15-14 in a record-setting game known as the Impossible Return.
- 2002 - Josh Ryan Evans dies (b. 1982). American actor.
- 2002 - Chick Hearn dies (b. 1916). American basketball announcer.
- 2002 - Franco Lucentini dies (b. 1920). Italian writer.
- 2005 - Polina Astakhova dies (b. 1936). Russian gymnast.
- 2005 - Jim O'Hora dies (b. 1915). American football coach.
- 2005 - Polina Astakhova dies (b. 1936). Russian gymnast.
- 2005 - Raul Roco dies (b. 1941). Philippine senator.
- 2006 - Susan Butcher dies (b. 1954). American Iditarod Trail Sled Dog Race champion.
- Burkina Faso - Independence Day
- Croatia - Victory day and National Thanksgiving Day
- Portugal : Dia de Nossa Senhora das Neves.
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