On this day in History - Jul 23
- 0645 - Yazid I was born (d. 0683). Sixth caliph of Islam
- 0685 - John V begins his reign as Catholic Pope
- 1227 - Qiu Chuji dies (b. 1148). Chinese Taoist.
- 1301 - Otto the Merry was born(d. 1339). Duke of Austria.
- 1339 - King Louis I of Naples was born (d. 1384)
- 1373 - Saint Birgitta dies b. 1303). Swedish saint.
- 1403 - Thomas Percy, 1st Earl of Worcester dies executed (b. 1643). English rebel,
- 1415 - Partida da expedição portuguesa (30 mil marinheiros e 50 mil soldados) para a conquista do Ceuta
- 1508 - El militar español Pedro Navarro toma Peñón de Vélez de la Gomera, importante núcleo de piratas del Mediterráneo.
- 1531 - Louis de Brézé, seigneur d'Anet dies. Marshal of Normandy and husband of Diane de Poitiers
- 1584 - John Day dies (b. 1522). English printer.
- 1588 - Battle of the Armada
- 1626 - Sabbatai Zevi was born (d. 1676). Jewish false Messiah.
- 1632 - 300 colonists bound for New France depart Dieppe, France.
- 1649 - Pope Clement XI was born(d. 1721).
- 1692 - Gilles Ménage dies (b. 1613). French scholar.
- 1705 - Francis Blomefield was born (d. 1752). English topographer.
- 1734 - Antonio Maria Gaspare Sacchini was born (d. 1786). Italian composer.
- 1757 - Domenico Scarlatti dies (b. 1685). Italian composer
- 1764 - Gilbert Tennent dies (b. 1703). Irish-born religious leader.
- 1773 - George Edwards dies (b. 1693). English naturalist.
- 1773 - O Papa Clemente XIV emite bula extinguindo a Companhia de Jesus (Jesuítas)
- 1775 - Etienne-Louis Malus was born (d. 1812). French physicist and mathematician
- 1777 - Philipp Otto Runge was born (d. 1810). German painter
- 1781 - John Joachim Zubly dies (b. 1724). Swiss-born Continental Congressman.
- 1793 - the Prussians conquer Mayence.
- 1793 - Roger Sherman dies (b. 1721). American signer of the Declaration of Independence.
- 1796 - Franz Berwald was born (d. 1868). Swedish composer.
- 1798 - Napoleon captures Alexandria, Egypt
- 1806 - Félix Arvers was born (d.1850. French poet and dramatist
- 1823 - Alexandre-Antonin Taché was born (d. 1894). Canadian Catholic priest and archbishop
- 1838 - Edouard Judas Colonne was born (d. 1910). French violinist.
- 1840 - The Province of Canada is created by the Act of Union.
- 1853 - Andries Pretorius was born (d. 1798). Boer leader.
- 1856 - Lokmanya Tilak was born (d. 1920). Indian freedom fighter.
- 1857 - Carl Meinhof was born. German linguist.
- 1860 - José María Vargas Vila was born. Colombian writer.
- 1862 - José María Bocanegra dies (b.1787). Mexican politician.
- 1865 - Max Heindel (born Carl Louis von Grasshoff in Denmark) was born (d. 1919). Christian occultist, astrologer and mystic.
- 1874 - Aires de Ornelas e Vasconcelos is appointed the Archbishop of the Portuguese colonial enclave of Goa.
- 1875 - Isaac Singer dies (b.1811). American inventor and entrepreneur.
- 1878 - Carl Freiherr von Rokitansky dies (b. 1804). Bohemian physician.
- 1878 - Hilarión Eslava dies. Spanish composer and musicologist.
- 1881 - Harper's Weekly featured a cartoon about the assassination of President James Garfieldthe (See the cartoon)
- 1881 - The Federation Internationale de Gymnastique, the world's oldest international sport federation, was founded.
- 1884 - Emil Jannings was born (d. 1950). Swiss actor .
- 1885 - Ulysses S. Grant dies (b. 1822). General, 18th President of the United States
- 1886 - Salvador de Madariaga was born (d. 1978). League of Nations disarmament chief
- 1886 - Walter H. Schottky was born (d. 1976). German physicist.
- 1888 - Raymond Chandler was born (d. 1959). Author
- 1892 - Haile Selassie was born (d. 1975). Emperor of Ethiopia
- 1893 - Karl Menninger was born (d. 1990). Psychiatrist
- 1894 - Arthur Treacher was born (d. 1975). English character actor.
- 1895 - Aileen Pringle was born (d. 1989). American actress.
- 1898 - Jacob Marschak was born. American economist.
- 1899 - Gustav Heinemann was born ( † 7 Jul 1976). Politician, President of the Federal Republic of Germany.
- 1901 - Hank Worden was born (d .1992). American actor and rodeo cowboy.
- 1903 - Ford Motor Company sold its first car. Dr. Ernst Pfenning of Chicago becomes the first owner of a Ford Model A.
- 1906 - Vladimir Prelog was born (d. 1998). Croatian chemist, Nobel Prize laureate.
- 1906 - Chandrasekhar Azad was born (d. 1931). Indian revolutionary.
- 1912 - Michael Wilding was born d. 1979). English actor.
- 1913 - Michael Foot was born. English politician.
- 1914 - Austria-Hungary issues an ultimatum to Serbia allowing the Austrians to find out who killed Archduke Franz Ferdinand. When Serbia denied Austria-Hungary of their demands World War I is sparked on July 28, 1914
- 1916 - Sir William Ramsay dies (b. 1852). Scottish chemist, Nobel Prize laureate.
- 1918 - Bueno de Mesquita was born (d. 2005). Dutch comedian and actor.
- 1918 - Pee Wee Reese was born (d. 1999). American baseball player.
- 1920 - Amália Rodrigues was born (oficial date : she always argued her birthday was on 1 Jul (d. 6 Oct 1999). Portuguese singer, fadist (the Queen of Fado) and actress.
- 1920 - Conrad Kohrs dies (b. 1835). German-born rancher
- 1921 - Calvert DeForest was born (d. 2007). American actor (on David Letterman's late night shows)
- 1923 - Luis Aloma was born (d. 1997). Cuban baseball player.
- 1923 - Cyril M. Kornbluth was born (d. 1958). American writer.
- 1923 - Amalia Mendoza was born (d. 2001). Mexican singer.
- 1923 - Pancho Villa dies (b. 1878). Mexican revolutionary-
- 1924 - Frank Frost Abbott dies (b. 1850). American classical scholar.
- 1927 - Criação da Associação Portuguesa de Editores e Livreiros
- 1927 - Gérard Brach was born (d. 2006). French film director and screenwriter.
- 1928 - Hubert Selby Jr. was born (d. 2004). American author.
- 1928 - Charles Harrelson was born (d. 2007). American convicted murderer; father of Woody Harrelson.
- 1930 - Glenn Curtiss dies (b. 1878). American aviation pioneer.
- 1931 - Viktor Korchnoi was born. Chess champion
- 1931 - Te Atairangi Kaahu was born (d. 2006). Māori Queen.
- 1931 - Guy Fournier was born. French Canadian author and screenwriter
- 1931 - Claude Fournierwas born. French Canadian film director and screenwriter
- 1933 - Bert Convy wa born d. 1991). American game show host and performer.
- 1935 - Hein Heinsen was born. Danish artist.
- 1936 - In Catalonia, Spain, the Unified Socialist Party of Catalonia is founded through the merger of socialist and communist parties.
- 1936 - Don Drysdale was born (d. 1993). Member of the Baseball Hall of Fame
- 1936 - Anthony Kennedy was born. Justice on the U.S. Supreme Court
- 1936 - Shiv Kumar Batalvi was born (d.1973). Punjabi revolutionary.
- 1938 - Juliet Anderson was born. American pornographic actress
- 1938 - Götz George was born. German actor
- 1938 - Ronny Cox was born. American actor
- 1938 - Bert Newton was born. Australian actor and TV show host
- 1938 - Götz George was born. Actor
- 1940 - Don Imus was born. American talk radio host
- 1940 - US Under Secretary of State Sumner Welles`s declaration on the US non-recognition policy of the Soviet annexation and incorporation of three Baltic States - Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania.
- 1940 - Don Imus was born. American talk radio host
- 1942 - Sallyanne Atkinson was born. Australian politician
- 1942 - The Treblinka extermination camp is opened
- 1942 - Myra Hindley was born (d. 2002). English murderer
- 1942 - Adam Czerniakow dies (suicide) (b. 1880). Polish engineer.
- 1943 - Tony Joe White was born. American singer and songwriter.
- 1944 - Maria João Pires was born in Lisbon. Portuguese pianist.
- 1945 - The process against Philippe Pétain begins.
- 1947 - David Essex was born. English Rock and roll singer
- 1947 - Gardner Dozois was born. Amecan science fiction author.
- 1948 - John Cushnahan was born. Northern Irish politician
- 1948 - D. W. Griffith dies (b. 1875). American film director.
- 1950 - Alex Kozinski was born. Romanian-born American judge
- 1951 - Edie McClurg was born. American actress
- 1951 - É fundada em Lisboa a Liga dos Cegos João de Deus
- 1951 - Henri Philippe Pétain dies in the Île d'Yeu prison fortress (b. 1856). French leader of Vichy France-
- 1951 - Robert J. Flaherty dies (b. 1884). American filmmaker.
- 1952 - General Muhammad Naguib leads the Free Officers Movement (formed by Gamal Abdel Nasser - the real power behind the coup) in the overthrow of King Farouk of Egypt.
- 1952 - Establishment of the European Coal and Steel community.
- 1952 - Bill Nyrop was born (d. 1995). American ice hockey player.
- 1953 - Graham Gooch was born. English cricketer.
- 1955 - Cordell Hull dies (1871). 47th United States Secretary of State, Nobel Prize laureate
- 1956 - The Loi Cadre is passed by the French Republic in order to order French overseas territory affairs.
- 1957 - Theo van Gogh was born (d. 2004). Dutch film director.
- 1957 - Nick Galis was born. Greek basketball player
- 1960 - 15th US Women's Open Golf Championship won by Betsy Rawls
- 1961 - Sandinista National Liberation Front (FSLN) founded in Nicaragua.
- 1961 - André Ducharme was born. Quebec humorist (Rock et Belles Oreilles) and author
- 1961 - Woody Harrelson was born. American actor
- 1961 - Martin Gore was born. English musician and songwriter (Depeche Mode)
- 1962 - The International Agreement on the Neutrality of Laos was signed.
- 1962 - Eriq La Salle was born. American actor
- 1964 - Ed Forchion was born. American marijuana activist
- 1965 - Rob Dickinson was born. English musician
- 1965 - Slash (born "Saul Hudson") was born. English guitarist (Guns N Roses)
- 1966 - Montgomery Clift dis (b. 1920). American actor.
- 1967 - 12th Street Riot: In Detroit, Michigan, one of the worst riots in United States history begins on 12th Street in the predominantly African American inner city (43 killed, 342 injured and ~1,400 buildings burned).
- 1967 - En Puerto Rico se realiza el primer plebiscito sobre su status.
- 1967 - Philip Seymour Hoffman was born. American actor
- 1968 - Glenville Shootout: In Cleveland, Ohio, a violent shootout between a Black Militant organization led by Ahmed Evans and the Cleveland Police Department occurred. During the shootout, a riot began that lasted for five days.
- 1968 - Gary Payton was born. American basketball player.
- 1968 - Stephanie Seymour was born. American supermodel.
- 1968 - Nick Menza was born. American musician, drummer
- 1968 - Henry Hallett Dale dies (b. 1875). English scientist, Nobel Prize laureate.
- 1969 - Fernanda Ribeiro was born. Portuguese athlet, 10.000 m runner (Olympics-gold-96). / Nasce em Penafiel, Fernanda Ribeiro. Atleta portuguesa, campeã mundial e olímpica dos 10.000 metros.
- 1970 - Qaboos ibn Sa’id becomes Sultan of Oman.
- 1970 - Thea Dorn was born. German writer
- 1970 - Charisma Carpenter was born. American actress
- 1971 - Dalvin DeGrate was born. American singer
- 1971 - Chris Michalek was born. American musician
- 1971 - Alison Krauss was born. American Bluegrass singer and fiddler
- 1971 - Dalvin DeGrate aka Mr. Dalvin, was born. R&B singer
- 1971 - Van Heflin dies (b.1910). American actor.
- 1972 - Eddy Merckx (Belgium) wins his 4th consecutive Tour de France
- 1972 - Adolfo Casais Monteiro dies. Portuguese professor and writer.
- 1972 - Marlon Wayans was born. American actor
- 1973 - Robert Anton Wilson, the occultist/philosopher, either achieved contact with extraterrestrials from Sirius or started a long-term period of having wild hallucinations, depending on which way you want to look at it.
- 1973 - Nomar Garciaparra was born. American baseball player
- 1973 - Francis Healy was born. Scottish rock musician (Travis)
- 1973 - Monica Lewinsky was born. American White House intern
- 1973 - Himesh Reshammiya was born. Indian singer and musician
- 1973 - Eddie Rickenbacker dies (b.1890). American pilot.
- 1974 - Greek military rule gives in to democracy : The military government in Greece has collapsed and the former prime minister Constantine Karamanlis has been invited to return.
- 1974 - Maurice Greene was born. American athlete
- 1974 - Terry Glenn was born. American football player
- 1974 - Stephanie March was born. American actress.
- 1974 - Sonny Siaki was born. Samoan-born professional wrestler.
- 1974 - Rik Verbrugghe was born. Belgian cyclist.
- 1974 - Kathryn Hahn was born. American actress.
- 1975 - Seong Hyeon-ah was born. South Korean actress
- 1975 - Surya Sivakumar was born. Tamil actor
- 1976 - Tomada de posse do I Governo Constitucional de Portugal com Mário Soares como Primeiro-ministro
- 1976 - Judit Polgár was born. Hungarian chess player
- 1976 - Jonathan Gallant was born. Canadian musician (Billy Talent)
- 1977 - Neicer Reasco was born. Ecuadorian footballer
- 1977 - Scott Clemmensen was born. American ice hockey player
- 1978 - Stuart Elliott was born. Northern Irish footballer
- 1978 - Stefanie Sun was born. Singaporean singer
- 1979 - Ricardo Sperafico was born. Brazilian racing driver.
- 1979 - Joseph Kessel dies (b. 1898). French journalist and novelist
- 1980 - Michelle Williams was born. American singer (Destiny's Child).
- 1980 - Mollie Steimer dies (b. 1897). Anarchist agitator and American political prisoner
- 1980 - Sarto Fournier dies (b. 1908). Mayor of Montreal.
- 1980 - Keith Godchaux dies (b.1948). American pianist (Grateful Dead).
- 1981 - Steve Jocz as born. Canadian drummer (Sum 41)
- 1982 - The International Whaling Commission decides to end commercial whaling by 1985-86.
- 1982 - Actor Vic Morrow and two child actors are killed on the set of Twilight Zone: The Movie when a helicopter spins out of control.
- 1983 - Around 3,000 Tamils were slaughtered by Sinhalese Buddhist majority in Sri Lanka and some 400,000 Tamils fled to neighboring Tamil Nadu, India and a lot found refuge in Europe and Canada. This incident, known as Black July led directly to beginning of civil war in Sri Lanka.
- 1983 - Rebecca Cartwright was born. Australian actress
- 1983 - Andrew Eiden was born. American actor
- 1983 - Bec Hewitt was born. Australian actress
- 1983 - Aaron Peirsol was born. American swimmer.
- 1983 - Georges Auric dies (b. 1899). French composer.
- 1984 - Vanessa Williams becomes the first Miss America to resign when she surrenders her crown after nude photos of her appeared in "Penthouse" magazine.
- 1984 - Brandon Roy was born. American professional basketball player
- 1985 - Johnny Wardle dies (b. 1923). English cricketer.
- 1987 - Said Aouita of Morocco runs world record 5,000 m (12:58.39)
- 1989 - Daniel Radcliffe was born. English actor (Harry Potter movies) .
- 1989 - Donald Barthelme dies (b. 1931). American author.
- 1992 - A Vatican commission, led by Joseph Ratzinger, establishes necessary to limit rights of homosexual people and non-married couples.
- 1993 - James R. Jordan, Sr. dies (b. 1936). Father of Michael Jordan.
- 1994 - Golpe militar na Gambia que derruba o Presidente Dauda Jawara, sustituido no dia seguinte pelo Tenente Yaya Dieme.
- 1995 - Miguel Indurain torna-se o primeiro cicclista a vencer por cinco anos consecutivos o Tour de France.
- 1995 - British forces sent to Sarajevo: Britain sends 1,200 troops to relieve the besieged Bosnian capital, Sarajevo.
- 1995 - Comet Hale-Bopp is discovered and is visibly seen with a naked eye nearly a year later.
- 1995 - Manuel Augusto Trindade dies. Portuguese priest and essayst.
- 1996 - Aliki Vougiouklaki dies (b. 1934). Greek actress.
- 1997 - Spree killer Andrew Cunanan commits suicide in the upstairs bedroom aboard a Miami houseboat to avoid capture by the police
- 1997 - Chuhei Nambu dies (b. 1904). Japanese athlete.
- 1999 - Crown Prince Mohammed Ben Al-Hassan, is crowned King Mohammed VI of Morroco at the death of his father.
- 1999 - King Hassan II of Morocco dies (b. 1929).
- 2000 - Tiger Woods, at became at age 24 the youngest golfer to win the career Grand Slam with a record-breaking performance in the British Open.
- 2001 - Eudora Welty dies (b. 13 April 1909). American author. Pulitzer Prize-winning writer (The Optimist's Daughter -1972)
- 2001 - Indonesian president removed from office. Indonesia's People's Consultative Assembly 591-0 impeaches President Abdurahman Wahid and swears in Vice President Megawati Sukarnoputri as President.
- 2002 - Leo McKern dies (b. 1920). Australian actor
- 2002 - Dr. William L. Pierce dies (d. 1933). American author, leader of the National Alliance
- 2002 - Chaim Potok dies (b. 1929). American novelist and rabbi
- 2003 - Operation Warrior Sweep is the first major military deployment of the Afghan National Army.
- 2003 - James E. Davis dies murdered (b. 1962). New York City councilman.
- 2004 - 11 years after its destruction, Stari most (the Old Bridge) in Mostar is reopened.
- 2004 - Carlos Paredes dies. Portuguese musician and composer
- 2004 - Mehmood dies (b. 1932). Indian actor .
- 2004 - Serge Reggiani dies (b. 1922). French singer and actor.
- 2004 - Piero Piccioni dies (b.1921). Italian musician, conductor and composer.
- 2005 - Ted Greene dies (b.1946). American jazz guitarist and teacher.
- 2006 - Jean-Paul Desbiens dies (b. 1927). Quebec writer and journalist.
- Egypt - Revolution Day (1952)
- Libya - Revolution Day
- Papua New Guinea - Remembrance Day
- Rastafari movement - Celebration of the birthday of Haile Selassie
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