0622 - Beginning of the
Islamic calendar. Mahomet began his flight from Mecca to Medina (Hegira).
1054 - Excommunication of
Michael Cerularius, Patriarch of Constantinople / Um representante do Papa deposita na catedral de Santa Sofia, uma Bula de excomunhão contra o patriarca de Constantinopla. É a oficialização da ruptura entre a Igreja romana e a ortodoxa, que durava à séculos.
1054 - The 'Great Schism' between the Western and Eastern churches began over rival claims of universal pre-eminence. (In 1965, 911 years later, Pope Paul VI and Patriarch Athenagoras I met to declare an end to the schism.)
1099 - Crusaders herd the Jews of Jerusalem into a synagogue & set it afire
- 1212 - Battle of Las Navas de Tolosa: Alfonso VIII, King of Castile and other christian forces, defeats the Moors / Forças de todos os reinos cristãos ibéricos, dirigidos pelos reis Afonso VIII de Castela, Sancho VII de Navarra e Pedro II de Aragão, derrotam o rei mouro de Granada na Batalha de Navas de Tolosa.
1216 - Death of Pope Innocent III.
1394 - O rei Carlos VI, o Louco, ordena a expulsão dos Judeus de França.
1439 - In 1439, a petition from Commons requested to be excused from kissing the king because of the Plague. Thus England banned kissing to try and prevent spread of disease and pestilence
1465 -
Battle of Montlhéry - League of the Public Weal combats Louis XI, King of France. Both armies fled the battlefield ("Traditionnellement, cette bataille a été considérée comme indécise, tant sur le plan tactique que pour ce qui concerne l'issue de la guerre civile " in La Bataille de Montlhéry par Michel Rimboud )
1493 - Caterina, mother of Leonardo da Vinci, old and sick arrives in Milan to live with him. She would die shortly after.
1498 - Legation of Machiavelli to
Caterina Sforza the Countess of Imola and Forti
1548 - La Paz, Bolivia is founded
1546 -
Anne Askew is burnt in England for denying doctrine of transubstantiation.
1704 - John Kay was born. English machinist, invented flying shuttle
1728 - Henri Moreau was born. French composer.
1730 -
Elijah Fenton dies in Easthampstead, Berkshire (d. 1683). English poet (
Poems on Several Occasions - 1717 ) and translator.
1746 -
Giuseppe Piazzi was born (d. 1826). Italian astronomer . He discovered, on 1st January 1801, in Palermo, the first and largest asteroid (Ceres)
1774 - Russia and the Ottoman Empire signed the treaty of Kuchuk-Kainardji, ending their six-year war.
1782 - First performance of
Mozart's opera
The Abduction from the Seraglio, in Vienna.
The reaction was mixed. Mostly it went over well, but there was a loud group of naysayers in the upper gallery. And Emperor Joseph the Second of Austria would later issue his own gentle criticism.
1783 - Grants of land in
Canada to American loyalists announced.
1796 -
Jean-Baptiste Camille Corot was born (d. 1875). French painter. His large, grandiose paintings contrasted with the work of the Impressionists. His work included
"Madame Corot" (1833-1835) and "Interrupted Reading" (1870-1873). 1821 -
Mary Baker Eddy was born (d. 1910). American religious leader. Founder of the Christian Science Church.
1834 - Franz Adolf Lüderitz was born (d. 1886). Salesman and politician.
1861 - First major battle of the Civil War - Bull Run.
1862 -
Ida B. Wells was born (d. 1931). American journalist and anti-lynching crusader.
1862 -
Constâncio Alves was born in São Salvador Bahia (d. 11 Feb 1933). Brazilian poet and journalist.
1863 - Howard E. Smith, American church organist and composer of the melody to the popular hymn, 'Love Lifted Me.'
1867 - A patent for ready-mixed paint was granted to D.R. Averill, of Newberg, Ohio.
- 1870 - Lambert McKenna was born (d. 1956). Irish scholar
1872 -
Roald Amundsen was born in Borge (d. 1928). Norwegian explorer. He was the first to reach the South Pole by land and navigated the Northwest Passage.
1883 -
Charles Sheeler was born (d. 1965). American photographer and artist
1888 -
Percy Kilbride was born (cd. 1964). American actor
( Pa Kettle) 1890 - Gottfried Keller dies in Zurich, three days short of his birthdate.
1902 -
Georg Schwarz was born in Nürtingen (d. 1991). German writer.
1903 -
Carmen Lombardo was born (d. 1971). Canadian singer, saxophonist, composer, and arranger.
- 1907 - Orville Redenbacher was born. Popcorn king (Orville Redenbacher's Gourmet)
- 1907 - Frances Horwich, aka "Miss Frances" of "Ding Dong School" was born (d. 2001). American educator and television personality.
- 1907 - Orville Redenbacher was born (d. 1995). American farmer and businessman. Popcorn King (Orbville Redenbacher's Gourmet)
- 1907 - Barbara Stanwyck [Ruby Stevens] was born (d. 1990). American actress
- 1911 - Ginger Rogers [Virginia Katherine McNath], was born (d. 1995). American Academy Award-winning actress and dancer who appeared in several romantic comedies with her dancing partner Fred Astaire .
1911 - Paulo Gracindo was born. Brazilian actor.
1912 -
Milt Bocek was born (d. 2007). American baseball player.
1913 - Peter van Eyck was born (d. 1969). Actor.
1914 -
Hellenic Holocaust: According to the
German Consul Kuchhoff: "The entire
Greek population of
Sinope and the coastal region of the county of Kastanome has been exiled. Exile and extermination in Turkish are the same, for whoever is not murdered, will die from hunger or illness."
1915 -
Norman Tabor sets the world record for a one mile race at 4 minutes, 12.6 seconds.
1915 - Henry James becomes a British citizen to dramatize his commitment to England and the Allied cause, explaining: "I have testified to my long attachment here in the only way I could-though I certainly shouldn't have done it... if the U.S.A. had done a little more for me."
1916 - Mário Dionísio was born. Portuguese writer and professor.
- 1918 - Russian Revolution: At Ekaterinburg, Bolsheviks execute Czar Nicholas II of Russia and his family.
1925 -
Cal Tjader was born (d. 1982). American musician.
1927 -
Mindy Carson was born in New York City, New York. American singer .
1927 - Augusto Sandino began a 5-year war against the US occupation of Nicaragua.
- 1930 - Emperor Haile Selassie of Ethiopia signs the first constitution of Ethiopia.
1930 -
Guy Béart was born. Egyptian-born French singer and songwriter
1931 - Missionary C.T. Studd, one of the famous "Cambridge Seven" and [missionary] to China, India, and Africa, dies.
1934 -
Don Payne was born. American politician
1935 -
Arnold Adoff is born in New York. He will become well-known as a poet and anthologist, especially of titles that celebrate African-American heritage. In 1988 he was awarded, for the body of his work, the National Council of Teachers of English Award for Excellence in Poetry for Children.
1939 -
William Bell [William Yarborough] was born in Memphis, TN. A principal architect of the Stax-Volt sound, singer/composer William Bell remains best known for his classic "You Don't Miss Your Water," one of the quintessential soul records to emerge from the Memphis scene. In 1988 Bell was inducted into the Georgia Music Hall of Fame; that same year receiving the Rhythm & Blues Foundation's R&B Pioneer Award.
1941 -
Hitler convened top
Nazi leaders at his headquarters in
East Prussia to dictate how they would rule the newly occupied eastern territories.
Ukraine, the "jewel" in the
Nazi empire, would become a
German colony.
1944 - Soviet troops occupy Vilna, Lithuania, in their drive towards Germany.
1945 - The United States exploded its first experimental atomic bomb, called Fat Boy, in the desert of Alamogordo, New Mexico.
1947 -
Assata Shakur was born. American activist, Black Panther Party member.
- 1948 - The city of Nazareth, hometown of Jesus, capitulated to Israeli troops during Operation Dekel led by Ben Dunkelman, after little more than token resistance, during 1948 Arab-Israeli War.
1948 -
Rubén Blades was born. Panamanian actor, musician, and politician
1949 -
Ibvanov Vyacheslav Ivanovich dies in Rome (b. 1866). The leading poet of the Russian Symbolist movement, philosopher and classical scholar. His most important poetical achievement is Cor Ardens (1911); he also published translations of Sappho and Aeschylus
1950 - FIFA World Cup: Brazil, in Maracanã, is defeated by Uruguay
1953 -
Hilaire Belloc dies at his home in Shipley, Sussex. French writer and journalist.
- 1956 - The last Ringling Bros. Barnum and Bailey circus held its last show under the canvas tent.
1956 -
Padre Américo dies (b. 23 Oct 1887). Portuguese pedagogue
(Casa do Gaiato)- 1958 - Nereu Ramos dies. President of Brazil (1955-1956)
1964 - In accepting the Republican presidential nomination in San Francisco, Barry M. Goldwater said "extremism in the defense of liberty is no vice" and that "moderation in the pursuit of justice is no virtue.
- 1967 - Mily Possoz dies (b. 1888). Modernistic Portuguese painter.
1968 -
Larry Sanger was born. American co-founder of Wikipedia
1969 - Rain Pryor was born. Actress, singer, comedian (Rain Pryor has become a new Ambassador for the MS cause and has volunteered to support the work of the National MS Society (Note: MS = Multiple Sclerosis )
1969 - Adelino Magalhães dies. Brazilian writer.
- 1970 - State of emergency called over dock strike Home Secretary Reginald Maudling declares a state of emergency to deal with strikes at UK ports (Font: BBC).
1972 - Robert Wagner e Natalie Wood casam-se novamente. Haviam-se separado em 1962.
1973 -
Tim Ryan was born. American politician
- 1975 - Jamie Oliver was born. Welsh keyboardist
- 1979 - Jayma Mays was born. American actress
- 1980 - Ronald Reagan won the Republican presidential nomination at the party's convention in Detroit.
- 1980 - Jesse Jane was born. American pornographic actress
- 1980 - Adam Scott was born. Australian golfer
- 1981 - Harry Chapin dies (b. 1942). American singer and songwriter.
- 1982 - Michael Umaña was born. Costa Rican footballer
- 1984 - Katrina Kaif was born. Indian Actress
- 1985 - Wayne King dies (b. 1901). American musician, songwriter and bandleader.
1985 -
Heinrich Böll dies near Bonn (b. 21 Dec 1917). German writer of ironic novels of travails of life during and after World War II. Winner of Nobel Prize for Literature in 1972. Boll's work includes Und sagte kein einziges Wort (1953), aka Acquainted with the Night ; "The Lost Honour of Katharina Blum" (1974)
1985 - The National League won baseball's 56th All-Star Game, defeating the American League 6-1 at the Metrodome in Minneapolis. The game marked the first program to be broadcast in stereo by a TV network. NBC gets the honor.
1986 - Lawrence B. Mulloy, director of the space shuttle's solid rocket booster program at the time of the Challenger disaster, announced he was retiring from the National Aeronautics and Space Administration.
1987 - Former White House political director Lyn Nofziger was charged with violating federal ethics laws in a six-count indictment. (Nofziger was later convicted of three counts of illegally lobbying White House officials; however, those convictions were overturned by a federal appeals court.)
1987 -
Great British airline ready for take off: Great British airline ready for take off. The two biggest airlines in the UK are to merge and create a carrier to compete with America's giant air corporations.
1988 - The Reverend Jesse Jackson arrived in Atlanta for the Democratic national convention, telling cheering supporters he was seeking "shared responsibility" with nominee-apparent Michael Dukakis.
1988 - João Hogan dies. Portuguese painter and engraver.
1989 - Leaders of the seven major industrial democracies wrapped up their economic summit in Paris with a call for "decisive action" to fight global pollution.
- 1989 - Gareth Bale was born. Welsh footballer
- 1989 - Herbert von Karajan dies near Salzburg (b. 1908). Austrian conductor.
1990 - An earthquake measuring 7.7 on the Richter scale devastated the Philippines, killing over 1,600 people. A thousand more were missing. It was the worst earthquake in that part of the world since 1976.
1990 - Soviet President Mikhail S. Gorbachev and West German Chancellor Helmut Kohl announced that Moscow had agreed to drop its objection to a united Germany's membership in NATO.
1990 - Ukraine declared independence.
1990 -
Sidney Torch dies (b. 1908). British composer, conductor and organist.
1991 - Leaders of the group of Seven nations holding their economic summit in London issued a communiqué calling for a "new spirit of cooperation" in the international community.
1992 - Bill Clinton delivered his acceptance speech a day after winning the Democratic presidential nomination at the party's convention in New York.
1992 - To the dismay and anger of supporters, Ross Perot announced he would not run for president (however, he later changed his mind).
1992 - A train carrying 2,200 tons of New York garbage that spent three weeks winding its way through the Midwest headed home for burial in a Staten Island landfill.
1993 - The surging Mississippi River charged through a levee at West Quincy, Missouri, closing the Bayview Bridge, the only bridge across the river to Illinois for more than 200 miles.
1993 -
Stella Rimington becomes the first
Director General of the British Secret Service,
MI5, to pose openly for cameras at the launch of a brochure outlining the organisation's activities.
1994 - Sweden shuts out Bulgaria 4-0, to finish 3rd in the World Cup
1994 - The civil war in
Rwanda comes to an end.
1995 - William Barloon and David Daliberti, the two Americans who were imprisoned in Iraq for crossing the border from Kuwait four months earlier, were released.
1995 -
May Sarton dies (b. 1912). Belgian-born American poet.
1996 - President Clinton told the National Governors Association he was granting states new powers to deny benefits to recipients who refuse to move from welfare to work.
1996 - Russian President Boris Yeltsin met a day late with Vice President Al Gore, easing some of the concerns about his fragile health.
1997 - Hundreds of FBI agents, some handing out photos in gay bars and hotels, blanketed south Florida in the continuing hunt for alleged prostitute-turned-serial killer Andrew Phillip Cunanan, who was suspected of gunning down designer Gianni Versace.
1998 - The US Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia refused to block Independent Counsel Kenneth Starr from calling President Clinton's Secret Service protectors before a grand jury.
1998 - The US FDA approved the use of thalidomide as a treatment for leprosy.
- 1999 - John F. Kennedy Jr. ( son of John F. Kennedy ), his wife Carolyn Bessette Kennedy, and her sister Lauren, died in a plane crash near Martha's Vineyard, Massachusetts.
- 1999 - Stanley Kubrick's final film, "Eyes Wide Shut" starring Tom Cruise and Nicole Kidman, made its debut.
- 1999 - Star Wars Epizode 1 is Released in the United Kingdom.
- 1999 - Off the coast of Martha's Vineyard, a plane piloted by John F. Kennedy Jr. crashes with his wife Carolyn Bessette Kennedy and her sister Lauren Bessette on board. All three are killed in the crash.
- 1999 - Star Wars Episode 1 is Released in the United Kingdom.
- 1999 - First game at Bears and Eagles Riverfront Stadium in Newark, New Jersey.
- 2000 - Families and friends of the victims of the TWA Flight 800 explosion broke ground for a new memorial on the Long Island shore not far from where the plane went down, killing all 230 people on board.
- 2001 - The FBI arrests Dmitry Sklyarov at a convention in Las Vegas, Nevada for violating a provision of the DMCA.
- 2001 - The People's Republic of China and the Russian Federation sign the Treaty of Good-Neighborliness and Friendly Cooperation.
- 2001 - The IOC in Moscow elected Jacques Rogge (59), a Belgian surgeon, to succeed Juan Antonio Samaranch.
- 2001 - Maurice De Bevere dies (b. 1923). Belgian cartoonist.
- 2001 - Terry Gordy dies. American professional wrestler.
- 2002 - Simon & Garfunkel release the album Live In New York City, 1967, a live recording of their January 22, 1967 concert at Philharmonic Hall.
- 2002 - John Cocke dies (b. 1925). American computer scientist.
- 2003 - Celia Cruz dies in Fort Lee, NJ (b. 1924). Cuban Latin music singer
- 2003 - Carol Shields dies at her home in Victoria, British Columbia (b. 1935). Canadian Pulitzer-prize winning author who wrote "The Stone Diaries" (1995) and more than 20 other books.
- 2003 - An Australian research team led by Graham Giles of The Cancer Council published a medical study which concluded that frequent masturbation by males may help prevent the development of prostate cancer, marking the almost complete rehabilitation of the sexual practice from a dangerous health risk to a beneficial preventative health measure.
- 2003 - The Corsicans reject a referendum for increased autonomy from France by a very thin majority: 50.98 percent against, and 49.02 percent for.
- 2003 - In Sao Tomé e Príncipe, President Fradique de Menezes was ousted in a coup led by army Maj. Fernando Pereira. The revolt changed control of the impoverished country's new oil wealth.
- 2004 - Millennium Park, considered the first and most ambitious architectural project in the early 21st century for Chicago, Illinois, is opened to the public by Mayor of Chicago Richard M. Daley.
- 2004 - Barclays Bank freezes the bank accounts of the British National Party.
- 2004 - In Kumbakonam, southern India, a short circuit ignited a thatched roof and raged through the Lord Krishna Middle School, killing at least 88 children and injuring more than 100.
- 2004 - In Thailand the 15th International AIDS Conference ended in Bangkok.
- 2004 - American business magnate Martha Stewart is sentenced to five months in prison for lying about a stock sale.
- 2004 - George Busbee dies (b. 1927). Governor of Georgia.
- 2005 - The sixth book in the popular Harry Potter series, Harry Potter and the Half-Blood Prince by JK Rowling is released to record sales of 287,564 books per hour in its first 24 hours, making it the fastest selling book in history.
- 2005 - Pietro Consagra dies (b. 1920). Italian sculptor.
- 2005 - Prince Gu of Korea dies (b. 1931).
- 2005 - Camillo Felgen dies (b. 1920). Luxembourgish singer, lyricist, and entertainer
- 2006 - Robert H. Brooks dies (b. 1937). American founder of Hooters
- 2006 - Bob Orton, Sr. dies (b. 1929). American professional wrestler
- 2006 - Winthrop Paul Rockefeller dies (b. 1948). Lieutenant Governor of Arkansas dies.
- Botswana - President's Day (2nd day)
- Catholic - Feast of Our Lady of Mount Carmel / Dia de Nossa Senhora do Carmo.
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