On this day in History - May 15
- 0913 - Hatto I, Archbishop of Mainz dies.
- 1036 - Emperor Go-Ichijo of Japan dies (b. 1008).
- 1048 - Omar Khayyam was born (d. 1123). Poet.
- 1157 - Yury Dolgoruky dies. Russian prince.
- 1174 - Nur ad-Din dies (b. 1118). Ruler of Syria.
- 1252 - Pope Innocent IV issues the papal bull ad extirpanda, which authorizes the torture of heretics in the Medieval Inquisition. Torture quickly gains widespread usage across Catholic Europe.
- 1381 - Eppelein von Gailingen dies. German robber baron.
- 1470 - Charles VIII of Sweden dies (b. 1409).
- 1492 - Em Lisboa, D. João II fundou o Hospital de Todos os Santos.
- 1514 - Jodocus Badius Ascensius publishes Christiern Pedersen's Latin version of Saxo’s Gesta Danorum, the oldest known version of that work.
- 1525 - The battle of Frankenhausen ends the Peasants' War.
- 1567 - Date of baptism of Claudio Monteverdi (d. 1643). Italian composer.
- 1585 - Niwa Nagahide dies (b. 1535). Japanese retainer, samurai and daimyo.
- 1591 - Dmitry Ivanovich dies (b. 1582). Tsarevich.
- 1602 - Bartholomew Gosnold becomes the first European to see Cape Cod.
- 1608 - René Goupil was born (d. 1642). French Catholic missionary (Canadian Martyrs).
- 1609 - Giovanni Croce dies (b. 1557).Italian composer.
- 1618 - Johannes Kepler confirms his previously rejected discovery of the third law of planetary motion (he first discovered it on March 8 but soon rejected the idea after some initial calculations were made).
- 1634 - Hendrick Avercamp dies (b. 1585). Dutch painter.
- 1653 - Morte do príncipe herdeiro D. Teodósio, filho primogénito de D. João IV. O infante D. Afonso, filho segundo do rei, torna-se o herdeiro do trono.
- 1698 - Marie Champmeslé dies (b. 1642). French actress.
- 1699 - Edward Petre dies (b. 1631). English Jesuit and privy councilor.
- 1701 - The War of the Spanish Succession begins.
- 1714 - Roger Elliott dies. British general and Governor of Gibraltar
- 1718 - James Puckle, a London lawyer, patents the world's first machine gun.
- 1720 - Maximilian Hell was born (d. 1792). Slovakian astronomer.
- 1740 - Ephraim Chambers dies (b. 1680). English encyclopaedist.
- 1760 - Alaungpaya dies (b. 1711). King of Burma.
- 1767 - Nascimento de D. Lourenço José Xavier de Lima -1º conde de Mafra - Portugal.
- 1773 - Prince Klemens Wenzel von Metternich was born (d. 1859). Austrian statesman.
- 1773 - Alban Butler dies (b. 1710). English Catholic priest and writer.
- 1776 - American Revolution: Virginia convention instructs its delegates to propose a declaration of independence from Great Britain.
- 1782 - Marquis of Pombal dies (b. 1699). Prime Minister of Portugal.
- 1786 - General Dimitris Plapoutas was born (d. 1864). Revolutionary in the Greek War of Independence.
- 1791 - Maximilien Robespierre proposed the self-denying ordinance.
- 1793 - Nascimento de João Nepomuceno de Macedo (m. 28 Ago 1837). Barão de São Cosme - Portugal.
- 1817 - Opening of the first private mental health hospital in the United States, the Asylum for the Relief of Persons Deprived of the Use of Their Reason (now Friends Hospital) Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
- 1817 - Debendranath Tagore was born (d. 1905). Indian religious reformer.
- 1829 - According to LDS teaching, John the Baptist confers the Aaronic Priesthood onto Joseph Smith Jr. and Oliver Cowdery.
- 1848 - Viktor Vasnetsov, Russian painter (d. 1926)
- 1856 - Lyman Frank Baum was born (d. 1919). American author.
- 1857 - Williamina Fleming was born (d. 1911). Scottish-born astronomer
- 1858 - The third Royal Opera House oens in London.
- 1859 - Pierre Curie was born (d. 1906). French physicist and recipient of the Nobel Prize in physics.
- 1862 - President Abraham Lincoln signs a bill into law creating the United States Bureau of Agriculture (later renamed USDA).
- 1862 - Arthur Schnitzler was born (d. 1931). Austrian dramatist and narrator.
- 1864 - American Civil War: Battle of Resaca, Georgia ends.
- 1864 - American Civil War: Battle of New Market, Virginia - Students from the Virginia Military Institute fight alongside the Confederate Army to force Union General Franz Sigel out of the Shenandoah Valley.
- 1869 - Woman's suffrage: In New York, Susan B. Anthony and Elizabeth Cady Stanton form the National Woman Suffrage Association.
- 1872 - Inauguração da 1.ª linha de eléctrico da cidade do Porto.
- 1879 - Gottfried Semper dies (b. 1803). German architect.
- 1886 - Emily Dickinson dies (b. 1830). American poet.
- 1889 - Bessie Hillman was born. American labor organizer.
- 1890 - Katherine Anne Porter was born (d.1980). American author, novelist (Ship of Fools).
- 1891 - Foi publicada a encíclica Rerum Novarum, de Leão XIII, que define a doutrina social da Igreja Católica.
- 1891 - Mikhail Bulgakov was born (d. 1940). Russian writer.
- 1891 - Fritz Feigl was born (d. 1971). Austria-born chemist.
- 1895 - William D. Byron was born (d. 1941). U.S. Congressman.
- 1896 - Belmonte (Benedito Bastos Barreto) was born (d. 19 Apr 1947). Brazilian journalist ilustrator and humorist.
- 1897 - The Greek army retreats with heavy losses in Greco-Turkish War
- 1898 - Arletty was born (d. 1992). French model and actress.
- 1899 - Jean-Etienne Valluy was born (d. 1970). French general.
- 1902 - In a field outside Grass Valley, California, Lyman Gilmore reportedly becomes the first person to fly a powered airplane (a steam-powered glider).
- 1902 - In a field outside Grass Valley, California, Lyman Gilmore reportedly becomes the first person to fly a powered airplane (a steam-powered glider).
- 1902 - Richard J. Daley was born (d. 1976). Mayor of Chicago.
- 1905 - Las Vegas, Nevada is founded when 110 acres (0.4 km²), in what later would become downtown, are auctioned off.
- 1905 - Joseph Cotten was born (d. 1994). American actor.
- 1906 - O espanhol Manuel Magariño Castaños funda El Diario Español de Montevidéu, que atualmente é o jornal mais antigo da imprensa espanhola na América Ibérica.
- 1906 - Humberto Delgado was born in S. Simão da Brogueira, Torres Novas (d. 13 Feb 1965). Portuguese general and politician
- 1907 - Sukhdev Thapar was born. Indian freedom fighter.
- 1909 - James Mason was born (d. 1994). English actor.
- 1910 - The last time a major earthquake happened on the Lake Elsinore Fault.
- 1910 - Constance Cummings was born (d. 2005). British actress.
- 1911 - The United States Supreme Court declares Standard Oil to be an "unreasonable" monopoly under the Sherman Antitrust Act and orders the company to be dissolved.
- 1911 - The Georgios Averof cruiser is bought by Greece.
- 1911 - Max Frisch was born (d. 1991). Swiss author.
- 1911 - Herta Oberheuser was born (d. 1978). Nazi doctor.
- 1914 - Bolivia becomes a signatory to the Buenos Aires copyright treaty.
- 1914 - Tenzing Norgay was born (d. 1986). Nepalese sherpa and mountaineer.
- 1914 - Turk Broda was born. Ice hockey goaltender
- 1915 - Hilda Bernstein was born (d. 2006). English-born South African author, artist, and activist.
- 1915 - Paul Samuelson was born. American economist, Nobel Prize laureate
- 1915 - Gus Viseur was born (d. 1974). French button accordionist.
- 1918 - The US Post Office Department (later renamed the USPS) begins the first regular airmail service in the world (between New York City, Philadelphia and Washington, DC).
- 1918 - Eddy Arnold was born. American singer.
- 1918 - Civil War in Finland ends.
- 1918 - The US Post Office Department (later renamed the USPS) begins the first regular airmail service in the world (between New York City, Philadelphia and Washington, DC).
- 1919 - The Winnipeg General Strike began. By 11 AM, virtually the entire working population of Winnipeg had walked off the job.
- 1919 - Greek invasion of İzmir. During the invasion killed or wounded 350 Turks by the Greek army. The responsible were punished by the Greek Commander Aristides Stergiades. Hasan Tahsin fired the first gun of the Turkish War of Independence.
- 1920 - Council of Lithuania adjourned as newly elected Constituent Assembly of Lithuania met for the first time in Kaunas
- 1922 - Setouchi Jakucho was born. Japanese writer and Buddhist nun.
- 1923 - Johnny Walker was born. Indian actor.
- 1923 - Richard Avedon was born (d. 2004). Anerican photographer.
- 1923 - John Lanchbery was born (d. 2003). English composer.
- 1924 - Maria Koepcke was born (d. 1971). Ornithologist.
- 1924 - Paul d'Estournelles was born. French diplomat, recipient of Nobel Prize for Peace -1909.
- 1926 - Anthony Shaffer was born (d. 2001). English playwright.
- 1926 - Peter Shaffer was born. English playwright.
- 1928 - Release of the animated short "Plane Crazy", featuring the first appearances of Mickey and Minnie Mouse.
- 1929 - A fire at the Cleveland Clinic in Cleveland, Ohio kills 123.
- 1930 - Aboard a Boeing tri-motor, Ellen Church becomes the first airline stewardess, on a light from Oakland, California to Chicago, Illinois.
- 1930 - Jasper Johns was born. American painter.
- 1931 - Ken Venturi was born. American golfer.
- 1931 - Pio XI publica a encíclica "Quadragésimo Anno", na qual denuncia a injustiça social.
- 1932 - The May 15 incident. In an attempted coup the Prime Minister of Japan Inukai Tsuyoshi is killed.
- 1934 - The United States Department of Justice offers a $25,000 reward for John Dillinger.
- 1934 - Kārlis Ulmanis establishes an authoritarian government in Latvia.
- 1934 - Alvin F. Poussaint was born. Physicist, psychiatrist, and educator.
- 1935 - Inauguração da 1ª. linha do Metro de Moscovo.
- 1935 - Kazimir Malevich dies (b. 1878). Polish/Ukrainian artist.
- 1936 - Anna Maria Alberghetti was born. Italian-born actress.
- 1936 - Paul Zindel was born. American novelist and playwright.
- 1937 - Madeline Albright was born. U.S. Secretary of State.
- 1937 - Trini López was born. American musician.
- 1937 - Phillip Snowden dies (b. 1864). British politician.
- 1938 - Mireille Darc was born. French actress
- 1938 - Lenny Welch was born. American singer
- 1940 - Nylon stockings go on sale for the first time in the United States.
- 1940 - McDonald's is founded.
- 1940 - Lainie Kazan was born. American actress and singer
- 1940 - Don Nelson was born. NBA coach.
- 1940 - Menno ter Braak dies (b. 1902). Dutch author and polemicist.
- 1941 - Baseball player Joe DiMaggio starts his record-breaking 56-game hitting streak.
- 1941 - K.T. Oslin was born. American musician.
- 1941 - Élie Lescot assume a presidência do Haiti.
- 1942 - World War II: In the United States, a bill creating the Women's Auxiliary Army Corps (WAAC) is signed into law.
- 1942 - Um forte terremoto em Guayaquil (Equador) causa a morte de centenas de pessoas.
- 1942 - Jusuf Kalla was born. Vice- president of Indonesia and Chairman of the Golkar Party.
- 1943 - Joseph Stalin dissolves the Comintern (or Third International).
- 1943 - Slaheddine Baccouche assume o cargo de primeiro-ministro da Tunísia.
- 1944 - Ulrich Beck was born. German sociologist
- 1945 - D. Duarte Pio (Duarte Pio João Miguel Henrique Pedro Gabriel Miguel ) was born. 24 th Duke of Braganza, heir to the Portuguese crown.
- 1945 - Lasse Berghagen was born. Swedish singer.
- 1945 - Charles Williams dies (b. 1886). British writer.
- 1948 - Brian Eno was born. English musician and record producer.
- 1948 - Father Edward Flanagan dies. American priest, founder of Boys Town
- 1950 - Nicholas Hammond was born. American actor.
- 1951 - The Polish cultural attache in Paris, Czesław Miłosz, asks the French government for political asylum.
- 1951 - The cartoon Rabbit Fire is released
- 1951 - Chazz Palminteri was born. American actor, writer and director.
- 1951 - Jonathan Richman was born. American musician.
- 1951 - Frank Wilczek was born. American physicist, Nobel Prize laureate.
- 1953 - George Brett was born. American baseball player.
- 1953 - Mike Oldfield was born. English composer.
- 1954 - Robert P. Harrison was born. American thinker.
- 1954 - William March dies (b. 1893). American writer.
- 1955 - Austrian Independence Treaty signed.
- 1955 - First ascent of Makalu, the world's fifth highest mountain.
- 1955 - Melinda Culea was born. American actress.
- 1956 - Dan Patrick was born. American sportscaster.
- 1956 - Austin Osman Spare dies (b. 1886). English magician.
- 1957 - Britain tests its first hydrogen bomb in Operation Grapple.
- 1958 - The Soviet Union launches Sputnik 3.
- 1959 - Andrew Eldritch was born. English singer and songwriter (The Sisters of Mercy)
- 1959 - Kaokor Galaxy was born. Thai boxer.
- 1959 - Khaosai Galaxy was born. Boxer.
- 1960 - The Soviet Union launches Sputnik 4.
- 1961 - Katrin Cartlidge was born (d. 2002). British actress.
- 1962 - Melle Mel was born. American musician.
- 1963 - Mercury program: America launches the last mission of the program, Mercury 9 (on June 12 ASA Administrator James E. Webb told Congress the program was complete).
- 1965 - Raí was born. Brazilian footballer.
- 1967 - John Smoltz was born. Baseball player.
- 1967 - Madhuri Dixit was born. Indian actress.
- 1967 - Edward Hopper dies (b. 1882). American painter.
- 1967 - John Smoltz was born. Baseball player.
- 1968 - Seth Putnam was born. American musician.
- 1968 - Cecilia Malmström was born. Swedish politician.
- 1969 - A Biblioteca Nacional inaugurou as suas novas instalações no Campo Grande- Lisboa- Portugal.
- 1969 - Emmitt Smith was born. American football player.
- 1969 - Hideki Irabu was born. Japanese baseball player.
- 1970 - President Richard Nixon appoints Anna Mae Hays and Elizabeth P. Hoisington the first female United States Army Generals.
- 1970 - Philip Lafayette Gibbs and James Earl Green killed at Jackson State University by police during student protests.
- 1970 - Rod Smith was born. American football player.
- 1970 - Frank de Boer was born. Dutch football player.
- 1970 - Ronald de Boer was born. Dutch football player.
- 1970 - Desmond Howard was born. American football player.
- 1970 - Rod Smith was born. American football player.
- 1971 - É implantado o Estado de guerra no Uruguai.
- 1971 - Phil Pfister was born. American strength athlete
- 1971 - Sir Tyrone Guthrie dies (b. 1900). English director, producer, and writer.
- 1972 - In Laurel, Maryland a disturbed, out-of-work janitor named Arthur Bremer shoots and paralyzes Alabama Governor George Wallace while Wallace is campaigning to be American President.
- 1972 - David Charvet was born. French actor.
- 1973 - Nolan Ryan threw his first no-hitter (at Kansas City).
- 1974 - General António de Spínola nomeado Presidente da República Portuguesa, pela Junta de Salvação Nacional. O professor Palma Carlos nomeado 1.º ministro do 1.º governo provisório, apresenta as linhas fundamentais do seu programa.
- 1974 - Inauguração da primeira sede do Partido Popular Democrático - Lisboa
- 1974 - Ahmet Zappa was born. American musician
- 1974 - Vassilis Kikilias was born. Greek footballer
- 1975 - Ray Lewis was born. American football player.
- 1976 - Torraye Braggs was born. American basketball player.
- 1976 - Adolfo Bautista was born. Mexican footballer.
- 1976 - Tyler Walker was born. Baseball player.
- 1976 - Jacek Krzynówek was born. Polish footballer.
- 1976 - Ryan Leaf was born. Former NFL quarterback.
- 1978 - Lagumot Harris, having only been elected President less than a month before, is replaced as the leader of the republic of Nauru. He is succeeded by Hammer DeRoburt.
- 1978 - Amy Chow was born. American gymnast.
- 1978 - Caroline Dhavernas was born. Canadian actress.
- 1978 - David Krumholtz was born. American actor (NUMB3RS).
- 1978 - Edu was born. Brazilian footballer.
- 1978 - Krissy Taylor was born (d. 1995). American model.
- 1980 - Josh Beckett was born. Baseball player.
- 1980 - Rocky Marquette was born. American actor.
- 1981 - François Mitterrand is proclaimed by the Congress, President of France.
- 1981 - Len Barker, American baseball pitcher, completes a perfect game for the Cleveland Indians against the Toronto Blue Jays.
- 1981 - Jamie-Lynn Sigler was born. American actress.
- 1981 - Zara Phillips was born. British royal.
- 1981 - Patrice Evra was born. French-Senegalese footballer.
- 1981 - Justin Morneau was born. Beautiful Canadian, oh, yeah, and 2006 ALMVP .
- 1982 - Veronica Campbell was born. Jamaican athlete.
- 1982 - Jessica Sutta was born. American dancer, singer and actress (The Pussycat Dolls) .
- 1982 - Segundo Castillo was born. Ecuadorian footballer.
- 1982 - Alex Breckenridge was born. American actress.
- 1982 - Tatsuya Fujiwara was born. Japanese actor.
- 1982 - Veronica Campbell was born. Jamaican athlete.
- 1982 - Gordon Smiley dies (b. 1946). American race car driver.
- 1983 - Devin Bronson was born. American guitarist (Avril Lavigne).
- 1984 - Sérgio Jimenez was born. Brazilian racing driver.
- 1984 - Francis Schaeffer dies (b. 1912). American Evangelical theologian, philosopher, and Presbyterian pastor
- 1986 - Matías Fernández was born. Chilean footballer.
- 1986 - Edén Pastora, o "Comandante 0", abandona a luta armada contra o sandinismo e pede refúgio na Costa Rica.
- 1986 - Theodore White dies (b. 1915). American writer.
- 1986 - Elio de Angelis dies (b. 1958). Italian racing driver.
- 1987 - Soviet Union launches the Polyus prototype orbital weapons platform, which failed
- to reach orbit.
- 1987 - Jennylyn Mercado was born. Filipino actress and singer.
- 1987 - Andrew Murray was born. Tennis player.
- 1988 - Soviet Invasion of Afghanistan: After more than eight years of fighting, the Red Army begins its withdrawal from Afghanistan.
- 1989 - Johnny Green dies (b. 1908). American songwriter.
- 1990 - Portrait of Doctor Gachet by Vincent van Gogh is sold for a record $82.5 million, the most expensive painting at the time.
- 1990 - Gerald Santos was born. Filipino actor and singer.
- 1991 - Andreas Floer dies (b. 1956). German mathematician.
- 1992 - O presidente da África do Sul, Frederik de Klerk, e o líder do Congresso Nacional Africano, Nelson Mandela, são agraciados com o Prêmio Príncipe de Astúrias de Cooperação Internacional.
- 1992 - Jovy Marcelo dies (1965). Filipino race car driver.
- 1993 - In Millstreet, Ireland, Niamh Kavanagh wins the thirty-ninth Eurovision Song Contest for Ireland singing "In Your Eyes".
- 1993 - Carlos Trincheiras dies. Portuguese coreographer and dancer.
- 1993 - Salah Ahmed Ibrahim dies (b. 1933). Sudanese writer, poet and diplomat.
- 1994 - Gilbert Roland dies (b. 1904). Mexican actor.
- 1995 - Eric Porter dies (b. 1928). British actor.
- 1996 - Charles B. Fulton dies (b. 1910). American jurist.
- 1998 - Earl Manigault dies. American basketball player.
- 2002 - Real Madrid wins the ninth European Champions Cup in football.
- 2003 - June Carter Cash dies (b. 1929). American musician and singer
- 2003 - George Francis dies (b. 1940). British gangster.
- 2003 - Rik Van Steenbergen dies (b. 1924). Belgian cyclist.
- 2004 - The largest prime number to be discovered, 224036583 − 1, is found by Josh Findley and the GIMPS collaborative effort.
- 2004 - Arsenal complete a whole English Premiership season, 38 games, unbeaten.
- 2004 - Narciso Ibáñez Menta dies. Spanish actor.
- 2004 - Ruslana Lyzichko, Ukrainian singer, wins Eurovision contest.
- 2005 - Carmen Dolores, actriz portuguesa abandona os palcos com 81 anos de idade, sendo condecorada pelo Presidente da Republica.
- 2005 - Les Bartley dies (b. 1954). Lacrosse coach.
- 2006 - Joyce Ballantyne Brand dies (b. 1918). Artist.
- Paraguay - Independence Day. Celebrations for the anniversary of the independence begin on Flag Day, 14 May.
- Roman Empire - Mercuralia in honor of Mercury held.
- United States - Peace Officers Memorial Day.
- Slovenia - Day of Slovenian armed forces.
- Teacher's Day in Mexico (Día del Maestro) and South Korea
- Nakba Day in Palestinian communities.
- International day of families
- International conscientious objectors' day
- United States - Peace Officers Memorial Day
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