On this day in History - Mar. 17
- 0045 BC - In his last victory, Julius Caesar defeats the Pompeian forces of Titus Labienus and Pompey the Younger in the Battle of Munda.
- 0045 BC - Titus Labienus dies in battle (b. c. 100 BC). Roman leader.
- 0045 BC - Gnaeus Pompeius dies executed.
- 0180 - Marcus Aurelius dies (b. 0121). Roman emperor.
- 0493 - Saint Patrick dies (b. c. 387). Patron saint of Ireland.
- 1040 - Harold Harefoot dies (b. c. 1016). King of England.
- 1058 - King Lulach I of Scotland dies (b. c. 1029).
- 1231 - Emperor Shijo of Japan was born (d. 1242)
- 1337 - Edward the Black Prince becomes Duke of Cornwall, the first ever British 'Duke' .
- 1425 - Ashikaga Yoshikazu dies (b. 1407). Ashikaga shogun.
- 1473 - King James IV of Scotland was born (d. 1513) .
- 1577 - The Cathay Company is formed to send Martin Frobisher back to the New World for more gold.
- 1628 - François Girardon was born (d. 1715). French sculptor.
- 1649 - Cromwell abolishes the monarchy and declares England a Commonwealth .
- 1672 - England declares war on Netherlands .
- 1673 - Jacques Marquette and Louis Jolliet begin their exploration of the Great Lakes and the Mississippi river.
- 1676 - Thomas Boston was born (d. 1732). Scottish church leader.
- 1704 - Menno van Coehoorn dies (b. 1641). Dutch military engineer.
- 1705 - Eleanor Shaw and Mary Phillips were executed in England for allegedly bewitching a woman and her two children.
- 1725 - Lachlan McIntosh was born (d. 1806). Scottish-born American military and political leader.
- 1753 - This was the date of the first official St. Patrick's Day.
- 1756 - St. Patrick's Day is celebrated in New York City for the first time (at the Crown and Thistle Tavern).
- 1776 - American Revolution: British forces evacuate Boston, Massachusetts after George Washington places artillery overlooking the city.
- 1777 - Roger Taney was born (d. 1864). 5th Chief Justice of the United States Supreme Court
- 1780 - Thomas Chalmers was born (d. 1847). Scottish pastor, social reformer, author, and scientist.
- 1781 - Ebenezer Elliott was born near Rotherham, Yorkshire (d. 01 Dec 1849). English poet.
- 1782 - Daniel Bernoulli dies (b. 1700). Dutch-born mathematician.
- 1804 - Jim Bridger was born (d. 1881). American trapper and explorer.
- 1805 - The Italian Republic, with Napoleon as president, becomes the Kingdom of Italy, with Napoleon as King.
- 1808 - Motim em Aranjuez, provocado por apoiantes do príncipe das Asturias, Fernando, futuro Fernando VII, que provoca a queda de Godoy, e mais tarde a renúncia de Carlos IV de Espanha.
- 1820 - Jean Ingelow was born (d. 1897). English poet.
- 1834 - Gottlieb Daimler was born (d. 1900). German engineer and inventor.
- 1845 - The rubber band is invented.
- 1846 - Kate Greenaway was born (d. 1901). English children's author and illustrator.
- 1846 - Friedrich Bessel dies (b. 1784). German mathematician and astronomer.
- 1849 - William II of the Netherlands dies (b. 1792)
- 1853 - Christian Doppler dies. Austrian physician and mathematician .
- 1856 - Mikhail Vrubel was born (d. 1910). Russian painter.
- 1861 - The Kingdom of Italy is proclaimed.
- 1862 - Silvio Gesell was born (d. 1930). Belgian economist.
- 1866 - Pierce Butler was born (d. 1939). US Supreme Court justice
- 1870 - Horace Donisthorpe was born (d. 1951). British entomologist.
- 1875 - Ferdinand Laub dies (b. 1832). Czech violinist.
- 1880 - Sir Patrick Hastings was born (d. 1952). British barrister.
- 1881 - Walter Rudolf Hess was born (d. 1973). Swiss physiologist, Nobel Prize laureate.
- 1883 - Urmuz was born (d. 1923). Romanian writer.
- 1884 - Alcide Nunez was born (d. 1934). American jazz clarinetist.
- 1886 - Carrollton Massacre: 20 African Americans are killed in Mississippi.
- 1886 - Princess Patricia of Connaught was born (d. 1974). British princess.
- 1888 - Paul Ramadier was born (d. 1961). French politician.
- 1888 - Frank Buck was born (d. 1950). "Big game" hunter.
- 1891 - The British steamship SS Utopia sinks off the coast of Gibraltar, killing 574.
- 1892 - Benjamin Drake Van Wissen was born. Australian Engineer.
- 1893 - Jules Ferry dies (b. 1832). French statesman.
- 1894 - Paul Green was born (d. 1981). American novelist, playwright.
- 1895 - Shemp Howard was born (d. 1955). Actor.
- 1901 - A showing of 71 Vincent van Gogh paintings in Paris, 11 years after his death, creates a sensation.
- 1901 - Alfred Newman was born (d. 1970). American film composer.
- 1902 - Bobby Jones was born (d. 1971). American golfer.
- 1903 - Se funda el Racing Club, uno de los más populares de Argentina.
- 1907 - Sonny Werblin was born (d. 1991). Former owner of the New York Jets.
- 1908 - Brigitte Helm was born (d. 1996). German actress.
- 1910 - Joaquin Valverde dies (b. 27 Feb 1846). Spanish composer
- 1910 - Luther Gulick and his wife Charlotte found Camp Fire Girls (formally announced in 1912).
- 1912 - Bayard Rustin was born (d. 1987). American civil rights activist.
- 1912 - Lawrence Oates dies (b. 1880). English army officer.
- 1913 - The Uruguayan Air Force was founded.
- 1914 - Sammy Baugh was born. American football player.
- 1916 - Ray Ellington was born (d. 1985). British singer.
- 1917 - Carlo Cassola was born in Rome (d. 29 Jan 1987). Italian neorealist novelist.
- 1917 - Se funda el club Toluca, de México.
- 1917 - Delta Phi Epsilon was founded at New York University Law School.
- 1917 - Franz Brentano dies (b. 1838) . German philosopher and psychologist.
- 1918 - Mercedes McCambridge was born. Actress .
- 1919 - Nat King Cole was born (d. 1965). American singer.
- 1920 - Mujibur Rahman was born (d. 1975). Prime Minister of Bangladesh.
- 1920 - Olga Orozco was born (d. 1999). Argentine poet, considered one of the major 20th-century South American writers.
- 1921 - The Second Republic of Poland adopts the March Constitution.
- 1922 - Sheikh Mujibur Rahman was born (d. 1975). Founding Leader of Bangladesh.
- 1925 - Gabriele Ferzetti was born. Italian film and stage actor
- 1925 - Maria Magdalena Pinheiro Nogueira dies (b. 1862) Mother of the Portuguese poet Fernando Pessoa.
- 1926 - Spain & Brazil prevent Germany joining League of Nations.
- 1926 - Siegfried Lenz was born. German writer.
- 1926 - Aleksei Brusilov dies (b. 1853). Russian general.
- 1928 - Krieger (Edino Krieger) was born. Composer.
- 1929 - Na Espanha, a Universidade de Madri é fechada pelo governo após tumultos e protestos estudantis.
- 1930 - James Irwin was born (d. 1991). American astronaut.
- 1933 - Penelope Lively was born in Cairo, Egypt. British writer.
- 1935 - Luis Goytisolo was born in Barcelona. Spanish writer.
- 1936 - Ladislav Kupkovic was born. Slovakian composer .
- 1936 - Ken Mattingly was born. American astronaut.
- 1937 - Se funda el club Huracán Buceo, de Montevideo, Uruguay.
- 1937 - Adam Wade was born. American singer and actor
- 1938 - Keith Michael Patrick O'Brien was born. Northern Irish clergyman
- 1937 - Austen Chamberlain dies (b. 1863). English statesman, recipient of the Nobel Peace Prize.
- 1938 - Rudolf Nureyev was born (d. 6 Jan 1993). Russian-born dancer and choreographer.
- 1939 - Giovanni Trapattoni was born. Italian football coach. "Giovanni "Trap" Trapattoni has always been regarded in the world of Italian football as a coach for whom the result of a match is more important than the manner in which it is achieved". / Nasce em Cusano Milanino, Itália, Giovanni Trapattoni, treinador de futebol ( AC Milan, Juventus, Inter, Cagliari e Fiorentina em Itália e Bayern Munich na Alemanha foram equipas treinadas por Trapattoni. Também foi seleccionador nacional da Itália). Vários títulos nacionais e internacionais. Foi campeão da Liga portuguesa pelo Benfica na época 2004/2005
- 1939 - Jim Gary was born (d. 2006). American sculptor.
- 1939 - Sino-Japanese War (1937-1945): The Battle of Nanchang between the Kuomintang and the Japanese break out.
- 1939 - Pacto de amistad y no agresión entre la España de Franco y el Portugal de Salazar.
- 1940 - Mark White was born. American politician .
- 1941 - In Washington, DC, the National Gallery of Art is officially opened by President Franklin D. Roosevelt.
- 1941 - Paul Kantner was born. American musician (Jefferson Airplane)
- 1941 - Marguerite Nichols dies (b. 1895). American actress.
- 1942 - John Wayne Gacy was born (d. 1994). American serial killer.
- 1942 - Dimitris Poulikakos was born. Greek composer, singer and actor
- 1944 - Pattie Boyd was born. British photographer and model
- 1944 - Cito Gaston was born. American baseball player and manager
- 1944 - John Sebastian was born. American singer and songwriter .
- 1945 - Elis Regina was born (d. 1982). Brazilian singer. / Nascimento de Elis Regina (Elis Regina Carvalho Costa), grande estrela da MPB, em Porto Alegre-RS;
- 1945 - Katri Helena was born. Finnish singer
- 1945 - American forces defeat the Japanese at the battle of Iwo Jima1958: The shape of the Earth is measured for the first time by satellite.
- 1947 - James Morrow was born. American author
- 1948 - Benelux, France, and the United Kingdom sign the Treaty of Brussels, a precursor to the NATO Agreement.
- 1948 - William Gibson was born. American-born writer .
- 1949 - Pat Rice was born. Northern Irish footballer and football manager.
- 1949 - Patrick Duffy was born. American actor (Dallas, Man from Atlantis, Step-by-Step video with Suzanne Somers ).
- 1949 - Daniel Lavoie was born. French Canadian singer and songwriter
- 1949 - Aleksandra Ekster dies (b. 1882). Russian painter.
- 1950 - University of California, Berkeley researchers announce the creation of element 98, which they name "Californium".
- 1950 - Patrick Adams was born. American record producer and songwriter
- 1951 - Kurt Russell was born. Actor ( Executive Decision, Backdraft, Elvis, Used Cars, Escape from New York, Big Trouble in Little China, Tango & Cash, Stargate, Tombstone, 3000 Miles to Graceland) .
- 1951 - Donald Findlay was born. Scottish lawyer
- 1951 - Scott Gorham was born. American musician (Thin Lizzy)
- 1951 - Kurt Russell was born. American actor
- 1951 - Craig Ramsay was born. Canadian ice hockey player
- 1952 - Nikos Xydakis was born. Greek musician and composer.
- 1953 - Filemon Lagman was born (d. 2001). Filipino communist revolutionary.
- 1954 - Eleven people riding a bus near Beersheba were wounded by machine-gun fire from terrorists.
- 1954 - Lesley-Anne Down was born. English actress .
- 1955 - Gary Sinise was born. American actor .
- 1955 - Paul Overstreet was born. Country singer .
- 1955 - Cynthia McKinney was born. American politician
- 1956 - Patrick McDonnell was born. American cartoonist .
- 1956 - 8th Emmy Awards: Ed Sullivan Show, Phil Silvers Show & Lucy Ball.
- 1956 - Irene Joliot-Curie dies (b. 1897). French physicist, Nobel laureate
- 1956 - Fred Allen dies (b. 1894). American actor and comedian.
- 1957 - Mal Donaghy was born. Northern Irish footballer
- 1957 - Michael Kelly was born (d. 2003). American journalist.
- 1957 - Ramon Magsaysay dies (b. 1907). President of the Philippines .
- 1959 - Tenzin Gyatso, the 14th Dalai Lama, flees Tibet and travels to India.
- 1959 - Danny Ainge was born. Basketball player and coach, baseball player.
- 1959 - António Botto dies in Brazil (b. in Abrantes 1897). Portuguese poet.
- 1960 - President Eisenhower signed a National Security Council directive on the anti-Cuban covert action program which lead to the Bay of Pig invasion
- 1961 - Casey Siemaszko was born. American actor
- 1961 - Susanna M. Salter dies (b. 1860). Mayor of Argonia, Kansas.
- 1961 - Casey Siemaszko was born. American actor
- 1962 - Clare Grogan was born. Scottish actress-singer
- 1962 - Ank Bijleveld-Schouten was born. Dutch politician
- 1963 - Elizabeth Ann Seton of New York was beatified by Pope John XXIII.
- 1964 - Muere Lino Enea Spilimbergo, pintor y dibujante argentino.
- 1964 - Rob Lowe was born. American actor.
- 1965 - Amos Alonzo Stagg dies (b. 1862). Baseball, basketball, football coach and player (b. 1862) .
- 1966 - Off the coast of Spain in the Mediterranean, the Alvin submarine finds a missing American hydrogen
bomb. - 1967 - William Patrick Corgan, Jr. was born. American musician .
- 1967 - Barry Minkow was born. Fraudulant businessman .
- 1970 - My Lai massacre: The United States Army charges 14 officers with suppressing information related to the incident.
- 1972 - Mia Hamm was born. American soccer player .
- 1973 - The Pulitzer Prize-winning photograph Burst of Joy is taken, as a former prisoner of war comes home to the United States to reunite with his family.
- 1973 - Caroline Corr was born. Irish singer and musician.
- 1974 - Louis Kahn dies. American architect
- 1976 - Luchino Visconti dies (b. 1906). Italian film director.
- 1978 - Bolivia rompe relaciones diplomáticas con Chile.
- 1978 - A Faculdade de Ciências de Lisboa é destruída por um violento incêndio.
- 1980 - Iniciam-se as emissões regulares a cores na RTP (Portugal).
- 1981 - Paul Dean dies (b. 1913). American baseball player.
- 1982 - Mueren asesinados Jacobus Andreas Koster, y otros periodistas, en El Salvador.
- 1983 - Raul Meireles was born. Portuguese football player (FC Porto)
- 1983 - Haldan Keffer Hartline dies (b. 1903). American physiologist, Nobel laureate.
- 1983 - Horacio Butler dies in Buenos Aires (b. 28 Aug 1897). Argentine painter.
- 1983 - 9th People's Choice Awards .
- 1985 - Serial killer Richard Ramirez, the "Night Stalker", commits his first two murders in Los Angeles, California murder spree.
- 1987 - Santo Trafficante, Jr. dies (b. 1914). American gangster.
- 1988 - A Colombian Boeing 727 jetliner, Avianca Flight 410, crashes into the side of the mountains near the Venezuelan border killing 143.
- 1988 - Nikolas Asimos dies (b. 1949). Greek counter-culture composer and singer.
- 1989 - Merritt Butrick dies (b. 1959). American actor.
- 1990 - Abertura da Ópera de Paris.
- 1990 - Capucine dies (b.1931). French actress .
- 1992 - A suicide car-bomb kills 29 and injures 242 at the Israeli embassy in Buenos Aires, Argentina.
- 1992 - Los presidentes de Guatemala, Jorge Serrano, y El Salvador, Alfredo Cristiani, firman un Acuerdo de Libre Comercio e integración Económica.
- 1993 - Helen Hayes dies (b. 1900). American actress.
- 1993 - António José Saraiva dies (b. in Leiria, 31 Dec 1917). Portuguese professor and essayist.
- 1995 - Ronnie Kray dies (b. 1933). British gangster.
- 1995 - Rick Aviles dies (b. 1952). American actor.
- 1996 - René Clément dies (b. 1913). French film director and screenwriter.
- 1996 - Terry Stafford dies (b. 1941). American singer.
- 1996 - Mike Tyson beat Frank Bruno in 3rd round to gain Heavyweight title.
- 1999 - Ernest Gold dies (b. 1921). Austrian composer.
- 1999 - Rod Hull dies (b. 1936). British comedian.
- 2002 - Rosetta LeNoire dies (b. 1911). American actress.
- 2002 - Pat Weaver dies (b. 1908). American broadcast executive.
- 2003 - British Cabinet Minister, Robin Cook, resigns over government plans for war with Iraq.
- 2003 - Klaus Oldendorff dies. Ship owner .
- 2004 - Massive Unrest in Kosovo. Over 22 killed, 200 wounded, 15 destroyed Serb Orthodox shrines in Kosovo and two mosques in Belgrade and Nis.
- 2004 - J.J. Jackson dies (b. 1941). American television personality
- Data Nacional da Irlanda, St. Patrick’s Day has been celebrated in Ireland on his feast day, March 17th, since the year 461. Today, Saint Patrick’s Day is still a legal, national holiday in Ireland and Northern Ireland.
- 2005 - George F. Kennan dies (b. 1904). American Cold War strategist and historian.
- 2005 - Andre Norton dies (b. 1912). American writer.
- 2006 - Bob Blue dies (b. 1948). American singer/songwriter.
- 2006 - Oleg Cassini dies (b. 1913). American fashion designer.
- 2006 - Ray Meyer dies (b. 1913). American basketball coach.
- 2006 - Bob Papenbrook dies (b. 1955). American voice actor.
- Feast day of St Patrick: a public holiday in Ireland and Montserrat, widely celebrated in North America (see St. Patrick's Day)
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