On this day in History - Jan. 19
- 0399 - Pulcheria was born (d. 0453). Byzantine empress.
- 0639 - Dagobert I dies. King of the Franks
- 0973 - Pope Benedictus VI elected.
- 1200 - Dogen was born (d. 1253). Japanese Buddhist monk and philosopher.
- 1419 - Hundred Years' War: Rouen surrenders to Henry V of England which makes Normandy a part of England.
- 1493 - Treaty of Barcelona signed, France cedes Roussillon and Cerdagne to Spain.
- 1520 - Sten Sture the Younger, the Regent of Sweden, was mortally wounded at the Battle of Bogesund.
- 1526 - Isabella of Burgundy dies (b. 1501). Queen of Christian II of Denmark
- 1544 - King Francis II of France was born (d. 1560).
- 1547 - Henry Howard dies beheaded, because of his enmity with the Seymours, who were ruling the kingdom for the young Edward. Earl of Surrey, English writer and courtier.
- 1576 - Hans Sachs dies (b. 1494). German Meistersinger.
- 1661 - Thomas Venner dies (executed). Fifth Monarchist.
- 1729 - William Congreve dies (b. 1670). English playwright (Love for Love)
- 1736 - James Watt was born (d. 19 Aug 1819). Scotish inventor, builder of steam engines; the watt, a unit of power, was named after him.
- 1739 - Joseph Bonomi the Elder was born (d. 1808). Italian architect.
- 1757 - Thomas Ruddiman dies (b. 1674). Scottish classical scholar.
- 1766 - Jean-Nicolas Servan dies (b. 1695). French architect and painter.
- 1785 - Jonathan Toup dies (b. 1713). English classical scholar and critic.
- 1788 - Arthur Phillip founds a penal settlement in Sydney.
- 1793 - French King Louis XVI is sentenced to death for treason.
- 1795 - Batavian Republic is proclaimed in the Netherlands. End of the Republic of the Seven United Netherlands.
- 1798 - Auguste Comte was born. French philosopher.
- 1806 - The United Kingdom occupies the Cape of Good Hope.
- 1807 - Robert E. Lee was born in Westmoreland County, Virginia (d.1870); he was one of
- the greatest of Confederate Generals in The American Civil War (1861-1865).
- 1808 - Lysander Spooner was born (d. 1887). American philosopher.
- 1809 - Edgar Allan Poe was born in Boston [d. 1849]. American poet, short-story writer, and critic.
- 1809 - O Exército francês de Soult vence em La Coruña os ingleses de Wellesley, que se vêem obrigados a recuar.
- 1811 - Los paraguayos derrotan al Ejército porteño argentino del general Belgrano en la batalla de Paraguarí.
- 1812 - After ten days of intensive siege work, Arthur Wellesley Duke of Wellington, ordered British soldiers of the Light and third divisions storm Ciudad Rodrigo, the conquest of the town wouldn't be complete until January 20.
- 1813 - Sir Henry Bessemer was born in Charlton, Hertfordshire, UK (d. 1898). English inventor and engineer who developed the first process for manufacturing steel inexpensively (1856), leading to the development of the Bessemer converter .
- 1817 - An army of 5,423 soldiers, led by General José de San Martín, crossed the Andes from Argentina to liberate Chile and then Peru.
- 1826 - Capitulan las tropas españolas que durante nueve años se mantuvieron en la isla de Chiloé, situada en la parte meridional de Chile.
- 1829 - Johann Wolfgang von Goethe's Faust premieres.
- 1832 - Ferdinand Laub was born (d. 1875). Czech violinist.
- 1833 - Alfred Clebsch was born (d. 1872). German mathematician.
- 1833 - Louis Joseph Ferdinand Herold dies (b. 1791). French composer.
- 1839 - British East India Company captures Aden.
- 1839 - Paul Cézanne was born (d. 1906). French painter.
- 1840 - Captain Charles Wilkes circumnavigates Antarctica, claiming what became known as Wilkes Land for the United States.
- 1847 - Charles Bent dies assassinated. New Mexico pioneer. After killing the sheriff and a prefect, Native American Indians force their way into the house of New Mexico's first American Territorial Governor, Charles Bent and scalp him and three others.
- 1848 - John F. Stairs was born (d. 1904). Canadian businessman and statesman.
- 1851 - Jacobus Kapteyn was born (d. 1922). Dutch astronomer.
- 1851 - David Starr Jordan was born (d. 19 Sep 1931). American ichthyologist, educator and writer.
- 1851 - Esteban Echeverría dies (b. 1805). Argentine writer.
- 1853 - Giuseppe Verdi's opera Il Trovatore premieres in Rome.
- 1859 - Bernardino da Costa Lopes was born. Brazilian poet.
- 1861 - Georgia becomes 5th state to secede.
- 1862 - The Confederacy suffers its first significant defeat in the American Civil War at the Battle of Mill Springs.
- 1863 - Werner Sombart was born (d. 1941). German sociologist.
- 1865 - Pierre-Joseph Proudhon dies (b. 1809). French philosopher and anarchist.
- 1869 - US: Susan B. Anthony elected president of the American Equal Rights Association.
- 1869 - Carl Reichenbach dies (b. 1788). German chemist and philosopher.
- 1871 - Franco-Prussian War: Battle of St. Quentin is fought, resulting in a decisive Prussian victory.
- 1874 - August Heinrich Hoffmann von Fallersleben dies (b. 1798). German poet.
- 1878 - Henri Victor Regnault dies (b. 1810). French physicist and chemist.
- 1879 - Boris Savinkov was born (d. 1925). Russian writer and terrorist
- 1880 - El Congreso de los Diputados español vota la abolición de la esclavitud en Cuba.
- 1881 - En plena guerra del Pacífico, el Ejército chileno entra en Lima tras dos días de cruentos combates en los alrededores de la capital peruana.
- 1883 - The first electric lighting system employing overhead wires begins service (Roselle, New Jersey) It was built by Thomas Edison.
- 1887 - Alexander Woollcott was born (d. 1943). American intellectual.
- 1889 - Sophie Taeuber-Arp was born in Davos, Switzerland. Artist, she is best known for paintings, graphic designs and drafts in abstract, geometrical form.
- 1892 - Ólafur Thors was born (d. 1964). Icelandic politician and five-time prime minister.
- 1899 - Anglo-Egyptian Sudan is formed.
- 1903 - First transatlantic radio broadcast between United States and England.
- 1905 - Debendranath Tagore dies (b. 1817). Indian philosopher.
- 1906 - Gerhart Hauptmann play "Und Pippa tanzt!" premiers, Berlin.
- 1906 - Bartolomé Mitre dies. Argentine poet, historian and politician. President of Argentina (1962-68).
- 1908 - Aleksandr Gennadievich Kurosh was born (d. 1971). Russian mathematician.
- 1909 - Hans Hotter was born (d. 2003). German bass-baritone.
- 1912 - Leonid Kantorovich was born (d. 1986). Russian economist, Nobel Prize laureate
- 1912 - Armand Robin was born (d. 1961). French translator, writer/poet, anarchist.
- 1913 - Minnesota Fats was born (d. 1996). American billiards player.
- 1915 - German zeppelins bomb the cities of Great Yarmouth and King's Lynn in the United Kingdom killing more than 20, in the first major aerial bombardment of a civilian target.
- 1915 - The electric neon sign was patented in the United States by George Claude of Paris, France.
- 1915 - Isadora Duncan dance "Dionysion" premiers at the NY Met.
- 1917 - German Foreign Secretary Arthur Zimmermann sends the Zimmermann Telegram to Mexico, proposing a German-Mexican alliance against the United States.
- 1917 - John Raitt was born (d. 2005). American singer and actor.
- 1918 - John H. Johnson was born (d. 2005). American publisher.
- 1920 - The United States Senate votes against joining the League of Nations.
- 1920 - Javier Pérez de Cuéllar was born. Peruvian diplomat, United Nations Secretary General (1982-1991)
- 1921 - Patricia Highsmith was born (d. 1995). American/Swiss mystery writer (Strangers on a Train)
- 1921 - Sporting Club de Braga is founded (Portugal)
- 1921 - Costa Rica, Guatemala, Honduras & El Salvador sign Pact of Union, que sólo duró un año.
- 1922 - Guy Madison was born (d. 1996). American actor.
- 1923 - Jean Stapleton was born. American actress (Damn Yankees, Klute, All in the Family).
- 1923 - Markus Wolf was born. German spy.
- 1923 - Eugénio de Andrade was born (d. 13 Jun 2005). Portuguese poet / O poeta Eugénio de Andrade (pseudónimo literário de José Fontinhas) nasceu neste dia, na Póvoa da Atalaia, concelho do Fundão, na Beira Baixa.
- 1924 - Nicholas Colasanto was born (d. 1985). American actor.
- 1924 - Jean-Francois Revel was born. French author.
- 1926 - Fritz Weaver was born. Actor (Holocaust, Marathon Man, Black Sunday).
- 1927 - British government decides to send troops to China.
- 1929 - Liang Qichao dies (b. 1873). Chinese scholar.
- 1930 - Tippi Hedren was born. American actress
- 1931 - Robert [Robin] MacNeil was born. Emmy Award-winning broadcast journalist.
- 1932 - Richard Lester was born. Film director (Hard Day's Night, Help!, Petulia).
- 1932 - George Mann MacBeth was born in Shotts, Lanarkshire. Scottish poet whose verses encompass moving personal elegies, highly contrived poetic jokes, dream fantasies, and macabre satires. Published his first poetry collection, A Form of Words in 1954
- 1935 - Coopers Inc. sold the world's first briefs.
- 1937 - Howard Hughes sets a new air record by flying from Los Angeles to New York City in 7 hours, 28 minutes and 25 seconds.
- 1937 - Alberto de Oliveira dies. Brazilian poet.
- 1939 - William Faulkner novel The Wild Palms is published.
- 1939 - Phil Everly was born. American musician
- 1939 - Cliff Heathcote dies (b. 1898). Baseball player.
- 1940 - Paolo Borsellino was born. Italian anti-Mafia magistrate
- 1941 - Colin Gunton was born (d. 2003). British theologian
- 1941 - Tony Anholt was born. British actor
- 1941 - World War II: East Africa Kassala, on the Sudan-Eritrean border, is retaken by the British as Major General William Platt begins an offensive against Italian troops in Eritrea.
- 1942 - Nara Leão was born. Brazilian singer.
- 1942 - Michael Crawford,Michael Crawford was born. Broadway star (Phantom of the Opera)
- 1943 - Janis Joplin was born (d. 1970). Singer.
- 1943 - Petchara Chaowarat was born. Thai film actress
- 1943 - Princess Margriet of the Netherlands was born.
- 1944 - Shelley Fabares was born. American actress.
- 1944 - Peter Lynch was born. American investor.
- 1944 - Dan Reeves was born. American football coach.
- 1944 - Laurie London was born. English singer
- 1945 - World War II: Soviet forces liberate ghetto of Łódź. Out of 230,000 inhabitants in 1940, less than 900 had survived Nazi occupation.
- 1946 - Julian Barnes was born. English author
- 1946 - Dolly Parton was born. American singer and actress.
- 1946 - General Douglas MacArthur establishes the International Military Tribunal for the Far East in Tokyo to try Japanese war criminals.
- 1947 - Paula Deen was born. American chef, writer, and restaurateur
- 1947 - Rod Evans was born. Founding member of Deep Purple
- 1947 - Manuel Machado Ruiz dies (b. 29 Aug 1874). Spanish poet.
- 1948 - Frank McKenna was born. Premier of New Brunswick and Canadian Ambassador
- 1948 - Tony Garnier dies (b. 1869). French architect.
- 1949 - Dennis Taylor was born. Irish snooker player.
- 1949 - Robert Palmer was born (d.2003). English singer, guitarist (Emerson, Lake & Palmer).
- 1951 - Dewey Bunnell was born. American singer and songwriter (America)
- 1952 - David Patrick Kelly was born. American actor
- 1953 - Desi Arnaz Jr. was born. American actor
- 1953 - Richard Legendre was born. Canadian tennis player and politician
- 1953 - 68% of all United States television sets were tuned in to I Love Lucy to watch Lucy give birth.
- 1953 - Richard Legendre was born. Canadian tennis player and politician
- 1954 - Katharina Thalbach was born. German actress and film director
- 1954 - Cindy Sherman was born. American artist.
- 1954 - Theodor Kaluza dies (b. 1885). German scientist.
- 1955 - The Scrabble board game debuts.
- 1955 - President Eisenhower okayed the first filming of a news conference for television.
- 1955 - Simon Rattle was born. English conductor
- 1955 - Paul Rodriguez was born. Mexican-born actor and comedian
- 1956 - Katey Sagal was born. American actress, singer, and writer.
- 1957 - Kenneth McClintock was born. Senate President of Puerto Rico.
- 1958 - Marechal Rondon dies. Brazilian musician (sertanista).
- 1963 - Caron Wheeler was born. British singer (Soul II Soul)
- 1963 - Michael Adams (basketball) was born. American basketball player
- 1964 - Ricardo Arjona was born. Guatemalan singer.
- 1964 - Firmin Lambot was born (d. 1886). Belgian cyclist.
- 1964 - Sourou-Migan Apithy is elected president of Dahomey (renamed Benin in 1975).
- 1966 - Stefan Edberg was born. Swedish tennis player (Wimbledon 1988, US Open 1991).
- 1966 - Indira Gandhi was elected prime minister of India becoming the first woman to do it.
- 1966 - Floris Jan Bovelander was born. Dutch field hockey player.
- 1966 - Lena Philipsson was born. Swedish singer
- 1966 - Sylvain Côté, was born. National Hockey League defenceman
- 1968 - Ray Harroun dies (b. 1879). American race car driver
- 1969 - Czech Student Jan Palach (b. 1948) died after setting himself on fire 3 days ago in Prague's Wenceslas Square to protest the invasion of Czechoslovakia by the Soviet Union in 1968. His funeral turned into another major protest.
- 1969 - Junior Seau was born. American football player
- 1969 - Steve Staunton was born. Irish footballer
- 1970 - William 'Billy Batts' Devino was born.
- 1971 - Shawn Wayans was born. American actor, writer, and producer.
- 1971 - John Wozniak was born. American singer, songwriter of Marcy Playground .
- 1971 - Harry Shields dies (b. 1899). American musician.
- 1972 - Joana Benedek was born. Mexican actress
- 1972 - Ron Killings was born. American professional wrestler
- 1972 - Michael Rabin dies (b. 1936). American violinist.
- 1973 - Drea de Matteo was born. American actress.
- 1973 - Karen Lancaume was born (d. 2005). French actress.
- 1973 - Max Adrian dies (b. 1903). Northern Irish actor.
- 1974 - Jaime Moreno was born. Bolivian footballer.
- 1974 - Ian Laperriere was born. National Hockey League player
- 1974 - The UCLA men's basketball team sees its 88-game winning streak end at the hands of Notre Dame.
- 1975 - Double Jay began broadcasting in Sydney, Australia.
- 1975 - Thomas Hart Benton dies (b. 1889). American painter.
- 1976 - Tarso Marques was born. Brazilian racing driver
- 1977 - Lauren was born. Cameroon footballer
- 1977 - Snow falls in Miami, Florida. This is the only time in the history of the city that snowfall has occurred.
- 1978 - The last Volkswagen Beetle made in Germany leaves VW's plant in Emden. Beetle production in Latin America will continue until 2003.
- 1978 - Mário Soares is designated Prime-Minister of Portugal
- 1979 - Svetlana Khorkinan was born. Russian gymnast.
- 1980 - William O. Douglas dies (b. 1898). U.S. Supreme Court Justice.
- 1980 - Jenson Button was born. Formula 1 race car driver.
- 1981 - Asier Del Horno was born. Spanish footballer.
- 1981 - Lucho Gonzalez was born. Argentine footballer (plays currently in FC Porto, Portugal).
- 1982 - Jodie Sweetin was born. American child actress
- 1982 - Mike Komisarek was born. National Hockey League defenceman
- 1982 - Elis Regina dies (b. 1945). Brazilian singer / Morte de Elis Regina (A Pimentinha), aos 36 anos de idade; cantora brasileira, ( gaúcha) foi uma das mais importantes intérpretes da geração pós-bossa nova.
- 1983 - Klaus Barbie, Nazi war criminal, is arrested in Bolivia on charges of crimes committed against humanity four decades earlier.
- 1983 - The Apple Lisa, their first commercial personal computer from Apple Computer, Inc. to have a graphical user interface and a computer mouse, is announced.
- 1983 - Utada Hikaru was born. American-born Japanese singer and songwriter
- 1984 - Francesco Moser bicycles world record time: 50,808 km.
- 1984 - Thomas Vanek was born. Austrian ice hockey player.
- 1984 - Max Bentley dies (b. 1920). National Hockey League player.
- 1985 - Rika Ishikawa was born. Japanese singer (Morning Musume)
- 1985 - Esteban Guerrieri was born. Argentine racing driver
- 1985 - Juan Antonio Corretjer dies. Leader of Puerto Rican nationalist party.
- 1986 - Spain recognizes Israel.
- 1990 - Rajneesh dies (b. 1931). Indian religious leader.
- 1990 - Herbert Wehner dies (b. 1906). German politician.
- 1991 - The Party of the Alliance of Youth, Workers and Farmers of Angola is founded in Luanda, Angola.
- 1991 - Erin Sanders was born. American child actress
- 1991 - John Russell dies (b. 1921). American actor.
- 1991 - Marcel Chaput dies (b. 1918). Quebec politician.
- 1991 - 48th Golden Globes: Dances with Wolves.
- 1992 - Zhelyu Zhelev, chefe de Estado da Bulgária desde 1990, é ratificado em seu cargo nas urnas e se converte no primeiro presidente do país eleito democraticamente.
- 1992 - Logan Lerman was born. American actor.
- 1992 - Manuel Silva Pereira dies. Portuguese musician.
- 1993 - IBM announces a $4.97 billion loss for 1992 which is the largest single-year corporate loss in United States history.
- 1994 - Record cold temperatures across the eastern half of the United States brings temperatures below -20°F in many locations, such as Ohio and Kentucky.
- 1996 - Don Simpson dies (b. 1943). American film producer.
- 1997 - Adriana Caselotti dies (b. 1916). American actress.
- 1997 - James Dickey dies (b. 1923). American writer.
- 1997 - Yasser Arafat returned to Hebron for the first time in 30 years, as Israel hands over control of the West Bank city to Palestinians.
- 1997 - 54th Golden Globes: English Patient, Brenda Blethyn & Geoffrey Rush.
- 1998 - Carl Perkins dies at 65 in Nashville. American singer, songwriter and guitarist (Blue Suede Shoes).
- 1998 - Maria Judite de Carvalho dies (b. 18 Sep 1921). Portuguese writer (Tanta Gente Mariana...). Ver biografia em português do IPLB
- 2000 - Fire at Seton Hall University kills three students and injures 54.
- 2000 - Bettino Craxi dies (b. 1934). Prime Minister of Italy.
- 2000 - Hedy Lamarr dies (b. 1913). Austrian-born actress.
- 2001 - Dario Vittori dies (b. 1921). Argentinean actor.
- 2002 - Faleceu aos 67 anos, o célebre futebolista brasileiro "Vavá", Edvaldo Izidio Neto.
- 2002 - Michael Jordan, formerly of the Washington Wizards, plays his first game in Chicago since rejoining the NBA.
- 2003 - Françoise Giroud dies (b. 1916). French journalist and politician. Co-founder of L'Express she was laureate with the Medicis Prizer in 1984.
- 2004 - Harry E. Claiborne dies (suicide) (b. 1917). American judge.
- 2004 - David Hookes dies (b. 1955). Australian cricketer and coach.
- 2005 - Bill Andersen dies (b. 1924). New Zealand communist and trade union leader.
- 2005 - K. Sello Duiker dies (b. 1974). South African novelist.
- 2006 - Opening of the Canadian Undergraduate Software Engineering Conference 2006 in Montreal, Quebec.
- 2006 - Jet Airways announces its purchase of Air Sahara, creating the largest domestic airline in India.
- 2006 - Wilson Pickett dies (b. 1941). American soul singer
- 2006 - Aoun Al-Sharif Qasim dies (b. 1933). Sudanese writer and Islamic scholar.
- 2006 - Anthony Franciosa dies (b. 1928). American actor.
- St. Mark of Ephesus feast day
- Bahá'í Faith — Feast of Sultán (Sovereignty) — First day of the 17th month of the Bahá'í Calendar
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