On this day in History - Jan. 15

• 588 BC - Nebuchadrezzar II of Babylon lays siege to Jerusalem under Zedekiah's reign. The siege lasts until July 18, 586 BC.
• 0041 - Caligula dies (b. 0012). Roman Emperor.
• 0069 - Otho seizes power in Rome, proclaiming himself Emperor of Rome, but only survives for three months before committing suicide. / O imperador romano Galba foi morto pela Guarda Pretoriana no Forum de Roma. Tinha sucedido a Nero, e o seu assassinato deu origem a uma época de 30 anos de anarquia governativa no império romano.
• 0069 - Galba dies (b. 3 BC). Roman Emperor
• 0570 - Saint Ita dies. Irish nun
• 1342 - Philip II, Duke of Burgundy was born (d. 1404)
• 1412 - Saint Joan of Arc was born (d. 1431)
• 1432 - King Afonso V of Portugal was born (d. 1481) .
• 1481 - Ashikaga Yoshizumi was born (d. 1511). Japanese shogun.
• 1535 - Henrique VIII tornou-se Chefe Supremo da Igreja de Inglaterra em resultado do Acto de Supremacia que tinha provocado a separação da Igreja Católica Romana.
• 1538 - Maeda Toshiie was born (d. 1599). Japanese general.
• 1559 - Queen Elizabeth I was crowned in Westminster Abbey by Owen Oglethorpe, the Bishop of Carlisle, instead of the Archbishop of Canterbury.
• 1582 - Russia cedes Livonia and Estonia to Poland.
• 1595 - Murat III dies (b. 1546). Ottoman Emperor .
• 1597 - Juan de Herrera dies. Spanish architect (Monasterio del Escorial).
• 1622 - Jean Baptiste Poquelín was born. French dramatist.
• 1622 - Molière was born (d. 1673). French playwright.
• 1671 - Abraham de la Pryme was born (d. 1704). English antiquarian.
• 1672 - John Cosin dies (b. 1594). English clergyman.
• 1674 - Prosper Jolyot de Crébillon was born (d. 1762). French writer.
• 1683 - Philip Warwick dies (b. 1609). English writer and politician.
• 1716 - Philip Livingston was born (d. 1778). American signer of the Declaration of Independence.
• 1747 - John Aikin was born (d. 1822). English doctor and writer.
• 1754 - Richard Martin was born (d. 1834). Irish founder of the Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals.
• 1759 - The British Museum opened.
• 1774 - El virrey de Buenos Aires, Juan José Vértiz y Salcedo, sale de Montevideo al frente de sus tropas y derrota a los invasores portugueses.
• 1777 - American Revolutionary War: New Connecticut declares its independence. Six months later it was renamed Vermont.
• 1781 - Marianne Victoria of Borbón dies (b. 1718). Queen regent of Portugal (wife of King D. Jose I).
• 1782 - Superintendent of Finance Robert Morris goes before the U.S. Congress to recommend establishment of a national mint and decimal coinage.
• 1790 - John Landen dies (b. 1719). English mathematician.
• 1791 - Franz Grillparzer was born (d. 1872). Austrian writer.
• 1795 - Alexandr Griboyedov was born (d. 1829). Russian playwright.
• 1804 - Dru Drury dies (b. 1725). English entomologist.
• 1809 - Pierre-Joseph Proudhon was born (d. 1865). French anarchist.
• 1810 - Abigail Kelley Foster was born. Abolitionist .
• 1810 - José Bonaparte, à frente de Exército de 80 mil homen, chega a Serra Morena, iniciando a ocupação de Andaluzia.
• 1812 - Peter Christian Asbjørnsen was born (d. 1885). Norwegian writer and scientist
• 1816 - Marie LaFarge was born (d. 1852). French murderer.
• 1841 - Frederick Stanley, 16th Earl of Derby was born (d. 1908). Governor General of Canada.
• 1842 - Josef Breuer was born (d. 1925). Austrian psychologist.
• 1844 - University of Notre Dame receives its charter from Indiana.
• 1847 - Francisco Adolfo Coelho was born (d. 1919). Portuguese philologist and anthropologist.
• 1850 - Mihai Eminescu was born (d. 1889). Romanian poet.
• 1850 - Sofia Kovalevskaya was born (d. 1891). Russian mathematician.
• 1859 - Estalla una revolución en Haití que destrona al emperador Faustino I.
• 1861 - Elisha Otis patenta el ascensor a vapor, formando la base de su compañía de elevadores.
• 1863 - Wilhelm Marx was born (d. 1946). German politician, chancellor of the Weimar Republic .
• 1866 - Nathan Söderblom was born (d. 1931). Swedish archbishop, Nobel Prize for Peace in 1930.
• 1865 - Joaquín González Camargo was born. Colombian poet.
• 1869 - Stanisław Wyspiański was born (d. 1907). Polish dramatist, poet, painter and architect.
• 1870 - Pierre S. DuPont was born. Industrialist .
• 1870 - A political cartoon for the first time symbolizes the United States Democratic Party with a donkey ("A Live Jackass Kicking a Dead Lion" by Thomas Nast for Harper's Weekly).
• 1872 - Arsen Kotsoyev was born (d. 1944). Russian writer.
• 1875 - Tom Burke was born. American runner .
• 1879 - Mazo de la Roche was born (d. 1961). Canadian author.
• 1881 - Batalla de Miraflores, durante la guerra del Pacífico entre los ejércitos chileno y peruano, que da la victoria a los primeros, abriéndoles las puertas de Lima.
• 1882 - Daniel Vázquez Díaz was born. Spanish painter.
• 1885 - Wilson Bentley takes the first photograph of a snowflake.
• 1885 - Huang Yuanyong was born (d. 1915). Chinese writer.
• 1885 - Lorenz Böhler was born (d. 1973). Austrian physician.
• 1885 - Grover Lowdermilk was born (d. 1968). Baseball player.
• 1891 - Osip Mandelstam was born (d. 1938). Soviet poet and essayist.
• 1891 - Ray Chapman was born (d. 1920). Baseball player.
• 1892 - Rex Ingram was born (d. 1950). Irish director, writer.
• 1892 - James Naismith publishes the rules for basketball.
• 1893 - Ivor Novello was born (d. 1951). Welsh actor, musician.
• 1895 - Artturi Ilmari Virtanen was born (d. 1973). Finnish chemist, Nobel Prize laureate.
• 1896 - Víctor de la Serna was born. Chilean writer established in Spain.
• 1899 - Goodman Ace was born (d. 1982). American actor, comedian, writer.
• 1901 - Rosita Quiroga was born. Tango singer.
• 1901 - Luis Monti was born (d. 1983). Argentine-Italian footballer.
• 1904 - Manuel Amador Guerrero, es elegido primer presidente constitucional de Panamá por la Convención Nacional.
• 1906 - Aristotle Onassis was born (d. 15 Mar 1975). Greek businessman and magnat.
• 1907 - El Dr. Lee de Forest patenta el tubo de vacío.
• 1908 - Alpha Kappa Alpha Sorority, the first Greek-letter organization by and for Black college women is established.
• 1908 - Edward Teller was born (d. 2003). Hungarian-born physicist.
• 1909 - Jean Bugatti was born (d. 1939). German-born automobile designer.
• 1909 - Gene Krupa was born (d. 1973). American drummer.
• 1910 - France reorganizes its various colonies in Central and West Africa as French Equatorial Africa.
• 1911 - Carlos Côrrea Mascaro was born. Brazilian educator.
• 1912 - Michel Debré was born (d. 1996). French politician.
• 1913 - Lloyd Bridges was born (d. 1998). American actor
• 1914 - Hugh Trevor-Roper, Baron Dacre of Glanton was born (d. 2003). English historian
• 1915 - Mary Slessor dies (b. 1848). Scottish Christian missionary to West Africa.
• 1918 - Gamal Nasser was born (d. 1970). Egyptian statesman, prime minister and president.
  (d. 1970) .
• 1918 - João Figueiredo was born. 42nd President of Brazil (1979-1985).
• 1919 - Rosa Luxemburg (b. 1870) e Karl Liebknecht, fundadores do Partido Comunista alemão e principais líderes da insurreição espartaquista na capital alemã, são assassinados em Berlim.
• 1919 - The Boston Molasses Disaster kills 21 people.
• 1919 - Ignace Paderewski becomes Premier of Poland.
• 1920 - John Cardinal O'Connor was born (d. 2000). American Catholic cardinal.
• 1920 - Steve Gromek was born (d. 2002). Baseball player.
• 1923 - Lee Teng-hui was born. Taiwanese politician.
• 1923 - Ivor Cutler was born (d. 2006). Scottish poet.
• 1926 - Florence Buchsbaum was born (d. 1996). French theater director.
• 1926 - Maria Schell was born (d. 2005). Swiss actress.
• 1926 - Domingo de Orueta y Duarte was born. Spanish scientist who was President of la Academia Española de Historia Natural.
• 1927 - Phyllis Coates was born. American actress.
• 1927 - Norm Crosby was born. American comedian
• 1929 - Martin Luther King Jr was born in Atlanta, Georgia (d. 1968 killed in Menfis). American Civil Rights Leader. Nobel Prize awarded 1964.
• 1930 - Eddie Graham was born (d. 1985). Wrestler.
• 1931 - Un terremoto destruye la ciudad de Oaxaca (México).
• 1933 - Ernest J. Gaines was born. American author
• 1934 - Um terremoto causa a morte de 10.700 pessoas no norte da Índia.
• 1935 - Somaliland and Eritrea joined by Mussolini to form Italian East Africa.
• 1936 - The first building to be completely covered in glass is completed in Toledo, Ohio (the building was for the Owens-Illinois Glass Company).
• 1937 - Margaret O'Brien was born. American actress.
• 1938 - Bombardeo de Barcelona.
• 1941 - Alfonso XIII abdica em Roma de seus direitos ao trono espanhol.
• 1941 - Captain Beefheart was born. American singer
• 1942 - Nehru sucede Gandhi à frente do Partido Popular do Congresso Indiano.
• 1943 - Finalização das obras do Pentágono, sede do Departamento de Defesa do Estados Unidos, em Washington, o maior prédio de escritórios do mundo.
• 1943 - World War II: Japanese driven off Guadalcanal.
• 1943 - World War II: Soviet counter-offensive at Voronezh begun.
• 1943 - The world's largest office building, The Pentagon, is dedicated (Arlington, Virginia).
• 1944 - Un terremoto destruye la ciudad de San Juan en Argentina.
• 1945 - Vince Foster was born (d. 1993). American lawyer.
• 1947 - The brutalized corpse of Elizabeth Short ("The Black Dahlia") is found in Leimert Park, Los Angeles, California. Her murderer has never been found and it has become a notorious case in the history of American crime.
• 1947 - Andrea Martin was born. Canadian actress
• 1947 - Elizabeth Short dies (b. 1924). The Black Dahlia
• 1948 - Ronnie VanZant was born (d. 1977). Lead vocal for Lynyrd Skynyrd.
• 1949 - Luis Alvarado was born (d. 2001). Baseball player.
• 1950 - Marius Trésor was born. French footballer
• 1951 - Ilse Koch, The "Bitch of Buchenwald", wife of the commandant of the Buchenwald concentration camp, is sentenced to life imprisonment in a court in West Germany.
• 1951 - Charo was born. Spanish-born singer
• 1954 - "General China", the Mau Mau's second in command, is wounded and captured by the British.
• 1955 - Nigel Benson was born. British author
• 1955 - Yves Tanguy dies (b. 1900). Surrealist painter.
• 1957 - Marty Lyons was born. American professional football player
• 1957 - Patrick Dixon was born. British entrepreneur.
• 1957 - Mario Van Peebles was born. Mexican actor, director .
• 1957 - Julian Sands was born. English actor.
• 1958 - Boris Tadić was born. President of Serbia.
• 1959 - Pete Trewavas was born. British bass guitarist (Marillion).
• 1960 - Kelly Asbury was born. American director and actor.
• 1961 - Yves P. Pelletier was born. Quebec comedian (Rock et Belles Oreilles), actor and film director
• 1964 - Osmo Tapio Räihälä was born. Finnish composer.
• 1964 - Jack Teagarden dies (b. 1905). American musician.
• 1965 - Adam Jones was born. Amerian musician of Tool.
• 1965 - Bernard Hopkins was born. American boxer
• 1965 - James Nesbitt was born. Northern Irish actor
• 1965 - Maurizio Fondriest was born. Italian cyclist
• 1966 - First Military Coup in Nigeria, government of Abubakar Tafawa Balewa is overthrown.
• 1967 - Super Bowl I is played - The Green Bay Packers defeat the Kansas City Chiefs, 35-10.
• 1967 - David Burliuk dies (b. 1882). Ukrainian artist.
• 1968 - Chad Lowe was born. American actor
• 1968 - Iñaki Urdangarín was born. Spanish royalty.
• 1969 - The Soviet Union launches Soyuz 5.
• 1969 - Delino DeShields was born. Baseball player.
• 1970 - Shane McMahon was born. American professional wrestler
• 1970 - After a 32-month fight for independence from Nigeria, Biafra surrenders.
• 1970 - Muammar al-Qaddafi is proclaimed premier of Libya.
• 1971 - Max Beesley was born. British musician and actor
• 1971 - Regina King was born. American actress
• 1972 - Kobe Tai was born. American porn star
• 1972 - Claudia Winkleman was born. British television presenter
• 1973 - Vietnam War: Citing progress in peace negotiations, President of the United States Richard Nixon announces the suspension of offensive action in North Vietnam.
• 1973 - Golda Meir é a primeira líder israelita a ser recebida pelo Papa.
• 1973 - O presidente americano Richard Nixon suspende a ofensiva no Vietnã. A guerra era travada entre o Norte, apoiado pelos comunistas, e o sul, que tinha apoio dos Estados Unidos.
• 1973 - Ivan Petrovsky dies (b. 1901). Russian mathematician.
• 1973 - Coleman Francis dies (b. 1919). American film director.
• 1974 - Happy Days premiers on ABC.
• 1975 - Portugal grants independence to Angola witch takes effects on 11 Nov 1975/ Portugal garante a independencia de Angola pelos acordos de Alvor entre o Governo Português e os Movimentos de Libertação Angolanos. Fixa-se a data da independência: 11 Nov 1975.
• 1975 - Mary Pierce was born. American tennis player
• 1975 - Edith Bowman was born. British television and radio presenter
• 1975 - Greg Strause was born. American artist
• 1976 - Gerald Ford's would-be assassin, Sara Jane Moore, is sentenced to life in prison.
• 1976 - Rodrigo Fabri was born. Brazilian football player.
• 1976 - Corey Chavous was born. American football player
• 1977 - The Kälvesta air disaster kills 22 people, the worst air crash in Sweden's history.
• 1978 - Franco Pellizotti was born. Italian cyclist
• 1979 - Mary Pierce was born. American tennis player.
• 1979 - Drew Brees was born. American football player
• 1980 - Matt Holliday was born. American baseball player
• 1981 - El Hadji Diouf was born. Senegalese footballer
• 1981 - Howie Day was born. American pop singer
• 1981 - El Hadji Diouf was born. Senegalese football star.
• 1982 - Benjamin Agosto was born. American skater .
• 1982 - Megan Quann was born. American swimmer.
• 1982 - Philip and Alexander was born. American-born princes of the Yugoslav Royal Family
• 1983 - Jermaine Pennant was born. English footballer
• 1983 - Meyer Lansky dies (b. 1902). Mobster.
• 1984 - Megan Quann was born. American swimmer.
• 1985 - Tancredo Neves is elected President of Brazil (but he will die before has taken the power).
• 1986 - The HBO and Cinemax pay cable television services initiate scrambling of their national satellite feeds on Galaxy 1 with the Videocipher II system.
• 1986 - The Living Seas opens at EPCOT Center in Walt Disney World, Florida.
• 1986 - Acidente de helicóptero no Rally Paris-Dakar. Morrem o organizador, Thierry Sabine e mais quatro pessoas.
• 1987 - La Junta militar chilena aprueba la ley de partidos políticos, que los autoriza, por primera vez, desde el golpe de estado de 1973.
• 1987 - Barbie Blank was born. American model and professional wrestling valet
• 1987 - Michael Seater was born. Canadian actor
• 1987 - Ray Bolger dies (b. 1904). American actor, singer, and dancer.
• 1988 - Seán MacBride dies (b. 1904). Irish statesman, Nobel Prize (1974) and Lenin Prize for Peace laureate.
• 1990 - Sophie Sumner was born. The most amazing english model
• 1990 - Gordon Jackson dies (b. 1923). Scottish film tv actor; best known as the butler 'Hudson' on Upstairs Downstairs.
• 1990 - AT&T's long distance telephone network suffers a cascade switching failure.
• 1991 - The United Nations deadline for the withdrawal of Iraqi forces from occupied Kuwait expires, preparing the way for the start of Operation Desert Storm.
• 1992 - The European Community recognized Croatia and Slovenia as separate states, effectively ending the Yugoslav federation, founded in 1918.
• 1992 - Terroristas do ETA assassinam o professor Manuel Broseta, em Valência, na Itália.
• 1992 - Dee Murray dies (b. 1946). English bassist.
• 1993 - Salvatore Riina, the Mafia boss known as 'The Beast', is arrested in Sicily after three decades as a fugitive
• 1993 - Sammy Cahn dies (b. 1913). American songwriter.
• 1994 - Harry Nilsson dies (b. 1941). American musician.
• 1994 - The Pan African Congress agrees to renounce the armed struggle against South Africa's government and register as a political party in the forthcoming election.
• 1995 - The first episode of Star Trek: Voyager airs.
• 1996 - O primeiro-ministro socialista da Grécia, Andréas Papandreou, renuncia por motivos de saúde.
• 1996 - Mario Vargas Llosa toma posesión del sillón "L" de la Real Academia Española de la Lengua.
• 1996 - Les Baxter dies (b. 1922). American musician and composer.
• 1996 - Paramount Chief Moshoeshoe II of Lesotho dies in a car crash (b. 1938)
• 1998 - Junior Wells dies (b. 1934). American musician.
• 1999 - The Racak incident: 45 Albanians in the Kosovo village of Racak were killed by Yugoslav security forces.
• 2000 - Željko Ražnatović dies (b. 1952). Serbian leader.
• 2000 - Fran Ryan dies (b. 1916). American actress.
• 2000 - Georges-Henri Lévesque dies (b. 1903). French Canadian Dominican priest and sociologist.
• 2001 - Wikipedia, a Wiki free content encyclopedia, goes online: Wikipedia Day .
• 2001 - Ted Mann dies (b. 1916). American screenwriter.
• 2002 - Steve Gromek dies (b. 1920). Baseball player.
• 2003 - Gladys Kamakakuokalani Ainoa Brandt dies. Hawaiian educator; fought for native Hawaiian rights .
• 2003 - Doris Fisher dies. Singer and songwriter .
• 2005 - An intense solar flare blasted X rays across the solar system. ESA's SMART-1 lunar orbiter discovered elements such as calcium, aluminum, silicon, iron, and other surface elements on the moon.
• 2005 - Deem Bristow dies (b. 1947). American video game voice actor.
• 2005 - Victoria de los Angeles dies (b. 1923). Catalan soprano.
• 2005 - Walter Ernsting dies (b. 1920). German author.
• 2005 - Elizabeth Janeway dies (b. 1913). American author.
• 2005 - Dan Lee dies (b. 1969). Canadian animator.
• 2005 - Ruth Warrick dies (b. 1915). American actress.
• 2006 - Michelle Bachelet is elected, the first woman, President of Chile
• 2006 - Jaber Al-Ahmad Al-Jaber Al-Sabah dies (b. 1926). Emir of Kuwait
• 2006 - O Benfica ganha 3-0 à Académica com golos de Simão Sabrosa, Luisão e Nuno Gomes. O Porto comandava a classificação com mais 3 pontos que o Benfica. Há um ano foi assim em Lisboa, vamos ver como vai ser hoje 15.Jan.2007, em Coimbra.
• Roman Empire - Second day of the Carmentalia in honor of Carmenta.
• Roman Catholic Church - Saint Ita, virgin, died January 15, 570.
• Malawi - John Chilembwe Day.
• North Korea - Korean Alphabet Day.
• United States - Traditionally, Martin Luther King Day.
• Kerala in India - Makaravilakku or Makara Sankranthy at Sabarimala.
• Jallikattu in South India.
• Wikipedia Day.
• Pongal in Tamil Nadu (2007).