On this day in History - Oct 1
- 0208 - Alexandre Severo was born († 0235). Roman emperor
- 0366 - Eleição de São Dâmaso I, papa até 11 de Dezembro de 0384. Nasceu em Idanha, no actual território de Portugal, por volta do ano 304, sendo o 37.º pontífice romano. Era irmão de Santa Irene.
- 0642 - Subida ao trono do rei visigodo Chindasvinto.
- 0959 - Edgar the Peaceable becomes king of all England
- 0959 - King Edwin of England dies (b. 0941)
- 1040 - Alan III, Duke of Brittany dies poisoned (b. 0997)
- 1061 - Alexander II is elected Pope.
- 1207 - Henry III of England was born († 1272).
- 1273 - Rudolf of Hapsburg was elected emperor in Germany.
- 1310 - Beatrice of Burgundy dies (b. 1257). Lady of Bourbon.
- 1404 - Pope Boniface IX dies (b. 1356)
- 1471 - Frederick I of Denmark was born († 1573).
- 1499 - Marsilio Ficino dies (b. 1433). Italian philosopher.
- 1500 - John Alcock dies. English Catholic bishop
- 1507 - Giacomo Barozzi da Vignola was born ( † 1573). Italian architect .
- 1540 - Johann Jakob Grynaeus was born (d. 1617). Swiss protestant clergyman.
- 1549 - Anna of H Bartolomaeus was born. She was a Flemish prioress and founded a nunnery.
- 1567 - Pietro Carnesecchi dies (b. 1508). Italian humanist.
- 1570 - Frans Floris dies (b. 1520). Flemish painter.
- 1574 - Marten Jacobszoon Heemskerk van Veen dies (b. 1498). Dutch painter.
- 1578 - Don John of Austria dies (b. 1547). Military leader.
- 1609 - Giammateo Asola dies. Italian composer
- 1620 - Nicolaes Pieterszoon Berchem was born (d. 1683). Dutch painter.
- 1644 - Alessandro Stradella was born (d. 1682). Italian violinist and composer
- 1671 - Guido Grandi was born (d. 1742). Italian mathematician.
- 1684 - Pierre Corneille dies (b. 1606). French author.
- 1685 - Charles VI, Holy Roman Emperor was born (d. 1740)
- 1691 - Arthur Onslow was born (d. 1768). English politician.
- 1693 - Pedro Abarca dies (b. 1619). Spanish theologian.
- 1708 - John Blow dies (b. 1649). British composer.
- 1730 - Richard Stockton was born. American attorney, signer of the Daclaration of Independence
- 1760 - William Thomas Beckford was born (d. 1844). English writer and politician.
- 1768 - Robert Simson dies (b. 1687). Scottish mathematician.
- 1774 - Marquês de Pombal publica decreto que sepulta a Inquisição portuguesa.
- 1775 - Execução de João Batista Pele, acusado de ter planeado um atentado contra o marquês de Pombal.
- 1788 - Nguyen Hue declares himself emperor of Viet Nam
- 1791 - First session of the French Legislative Assembly
- 1795 - Robert Bakewell dies (b. 1725). English agriculturist who revolutionized sheep and cattle breeding in England by methodical selection, inbreeding, and culling.
- 1801 - O Tratado de Amiens é assinado pondo fim ao conflito começado na Primavera de 1792 com as sucessivas declarações de guerra da França revolucionária às potências europeias
- 1804 - William Stokes was born (d. 10 Jan 1878). Physician and the leading representative of the Irish, or Dublin, school of anatomical diagnosis, which emphasized clinical examination of patients in forming a diagnosis
- 1814 - Opening of the Congress of Vienna, intended to redraw the Europe's political map after the defeat of Napoleon the previous spring.
- 1827 - The Russian army under Ivan Paskevich storms Yerevan, ending a millennium of Muslim domination in Armenia.
- 1829 - South African College founded in Cape Town, South Africa; later to become the University of Cape Town.
- 1833 - Luísa Todi died. Portuguese opera singer.
- 1835 - Júlio César Machado was born. Portuguee writer.
- 1837 - Nicolás Avellaneda was born. President of Argentine.
- 1842 - Charles Cros was born ( d. 9 Aug 1888). French inventor and poet whose work in several fields foreshadowed or paralleled important developments.
- 1843 - News of the World began publication in London.
- 1847 - Maria Mitchell was born. American astronomer, discovered a new comet that was named after herself. She was elected the same day to the American Academy of Arts--the first woman to be so honored.
- 1854 - The watch company founded in 1850 in Roxbury by Aaron Lufkin Dennison relocates to Waltham, Massachusetts to become the Waltham Watch Company, a pioneer in the American System of Watch Manufacturing.
- 1862 - Esther Boise Van Deman was born (d. 3 May 1937). American archaeologist.
- 1864 - Rose Greenhow dies (b. 1817). American Confederate spy.
- 1864 - Juan José Flores y Aramburu dies. President of Ecuador
- 1865 - Paul Dukas was born (d. 1935). French composer.
- 1867 - Karl Marx' "Das Kapital," was published.
- 1876 - James Lick dies (b. 1796). California land baron.
- 1878 - Othmar Spann was born (d. 1950). Austrian philosopher and economist.
- 1880 - John Philip Sousa becomes leader of the United States Marine Corps Band
- 1880 - First electric lamp factory opened by Thomas Edison
- 1881 - William Boeing was born (d. 1956). American engineer.
- 1885 - Louis Untermeyer was born (d. 1977). American author.
- 1885 - United States begins special-delivery mail service.
- 1886 - U.S. mint in Carson City, Nevada closes.
- 1886 - Paul Morgan was born († 1938). Austrian actor and comedian.
- 1887 - Baluchistan conquered by the British Empire
- 1888 - National Geographic magazine published for 1st time
- 1889 - Nagoya is founded.
- 1889 - Soccer team HFC Haarlem forms
- 1890 - The Yosemite National Park is established by Congress
- 1890 - Stanley Holloway was born (d. 1982). British actor.
- 1891 - In California, Stanford University opens its doors
- 1892 - Emilio Pettoruti was born. Argentine painter.
- 1894 - First meeting of The Owl Club of Cape Town.
- 1896 - Liaquat Ali Khan was born (d. 1951). First Prime Minister of Pakistan.
- 1896 - Ted Healy was born (d. 1937). American actor and comedian.
- 1898 - The Vienna University of Economics and Business Administration is founded under the name k.u.k. Exportakademie.
- 1899 - Ernest Haycox was born (d. 1950). American writer.
- 1900 - Tom Goddard was born (d. 1966). English cricketer.
- 1901 - Abdur Rahman Khan dies (b. c. 1844). Afghan amir.
- 1903 - The Boston Americans play the Pittsburgh Pirates in the first game of the modern baseball World Series.
- 1903 - Vladimir Horowitz was born (d. 1989). Ukrainian pianist
- 1904 - A.K. Gopalan was born (d. 1977). Indian communist leader
- 1904 - Otto Robert Frisch was born in Vienna (d. 1979). Austrian-born British nuclear physicist who, with his aunt Lise Meitner, described the division of neutron-bombarded uranium into lighter elements.
- 1905 - František Pavlík is killed in a demonstration in Prague, inspiring Leoš Janáček to the piano composition 1. X. 1905.
- 1909 - Sam Yorty was born (d. 1998). Mayor of Los Angeles, California.
- 1909 - Maurice Bardèche was born (d. 1998). French fascist.
- 1909 - Sam Yorty was born (d. 1998). Mayor of Los Angeles, California.
- 1910 - Bonnie Parker was born (d. 1934). American outlaw
- 1910 - Fritz Köberle was born (d. 1983). Austrian-Brazilian physician
- 1910 - José Enrique Moyal was born (d. 1998). Mathematical physicist
- 1910 - Bonnie Parker was born (d. 1934). American outlaw.
- 1910 - Fritz Köberle was born († 1983). Austrian-born, Brazilian physician and scientist.
- 1910 - A large bomb destroys the Los Angeles Times building in downtown Los Angeles, California, killing 20.
- 1911 - Wilhelm Dilthey dies. German philosopher.
- 1914 - Daniel J. Boorstin was born (d. 2004). American historian, writer, and Librarian of Congress. (Empire of Czar). He won a Pulitzer Prize in 1974 .
- 1915 - Jerome Seymour Bruner was born in New York City. American psychologist and educator whose work on perception, learning, memory, and other aspects of cognition in young children has, along with the related work of Jean Piaget, influenced the American educational system
- 1920 - Walter Matthau was born (d. 2000). American actor.
- 1921 - James Whitmore was born. American actor
- 1924 - Jimmy Carter was born. 39th President of the United States
- 1924 - William Rehnquist was born (d. 2005). Chief Justice of the United States.
- 1925 - Bob Boyd was born (d. 2004). Baseball player.
- 1926 - An oil field accident cost aviator Wiley Post his left eye, but he used the settlement money to buy his first aircraft.
- 1926 - Roger Williams was born. American pianist
- 1927 - Tom Bosley was born. American actor
- 1928 - Laurence Harvey was born (d. 1973). Lithuanian-born actor.
- 1928 - George Peppard was born (d. 1994). American actor.
- 1928 - The Soviet Union introduces its first Five-Year Plan.
- 1929 - Antoine Bourdelle dies (b. 1861). French sculptor.
- 1930 - Sir Richard Harris was born (d. 2002). Irish actor.
- 1930 - Naimatullah Khan was born. Pakistani politician and ex-mayor of Karachi
- 1930 - Philippe Noiret was born. French actor
- 1931 - Sylvano Bussotti was born. Italian composer
- 1931 - The original Waldorf-Astoria Hotel is opened in New York.
- 1931 - España: la II República reconoce el derecho de voto a las mujeres.
- 1932 - Albert Collins was born (d. 1993). Blues guitarist.
- 1934 - Emilio Botín was born. Spanish banker, presidente del BSCH.
- 1935 - Julie Andrews was born. British actress and singer Mary Poppins
- 1936 - Stella Stevens was born. American actress
- 1936 - Francisco Franco is named head of the Nationalist government of Spain.
- 1938 - Germany annexes the Sudetenland.
- 1939 - George Archer was born (d. 2005). American golfer.
- 1939 - George R. Carruthers was born. African-American astrophysicist who was the principal inventor of a new space camera to measure ultraviolet light which can be used to identify interstellar atoms and molecules
- 1939 - After a one-month Siege of Warsaw, hostile forces entered the city.
- 1940 - The Pennsylvania Turnpike, often considered the first superhighway in the United States, opens to traffic.
- 1942 - Frank Gardner was born. Australian formula one driver.
- 1943 - Angèle Arsenault was born. Canadian-Acadian singer and songwriter
- 1943 - Jean-Jacques Annaud was born. French film director.
- 1945 - Walter Bradford Cannon dies (b. 19 Oct 1871). American neurologist and physiologist who was the first to use X-rays in physiological studies
- 1945 - Rod Carew was born. Panamanian Major League Baseball player
- 1945 - Spider Sabich was born (d. 1976). American skiier.
- 1945 - Donny Hathaway was born (d. 1979). American soul musician and composer
- 1945 - Rod Carew was born. Panamanian baseball player
- 1946 - Nazi leaders sentenced at Nuremberg Trials
- 1947 - Aaron Ciechanover was born. Israeli biologist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Chemistry
- 1947 - Stephen Collins was born. American actor.
- 1947 - Adriano Tilgher was born. Italian politician
- 1948 - Cub Koda was born (d. 2000). American singer.
- 1949 - Isaac Bonewits was born. American author
- 1949 - Annie Leibovitz was born. Photographer.
- 1949 - The People's Republic of China is declared by Mao Zedong
- 1949 - Republic of China (Taiwan) forms on island of Formosa
- 1949 - First rectangular television tubes manufactured by Kimble Glass
- 1950 - Randy Quaid was born. American actor.
- 1952 - Jacques Martin was born. Canadian hockey coach and executive
- 1953 - John Hegley was born. British poet
- 1953 - Pete Falcone was born. Baseball player
- 1953 - Klaus Wowereit was born. German politician.
- 1953 - Edwin Joseph Cohn dies (b. 17 Dec 1892). American biochemist who helped develop the methods of cold ethanol blood fractionation (the separation of plasma proteins into fractions).
- 1953 - Greta Andersen Waitz was born in Oslo Norway. Marathoner, New York City - 1984
- 1954 - Martin Strel was born. Slovenian swimmer.
- 1955 - Charles Christie dies (b. 1880). American film studio owner.
- 1956 - Andrus Ansip was born. Estonian Prime-Minister.
- 1956 - Theresa May was born. British politician
- 1957 - First appearance of "In God We Trust" on paper currency
- 1957 - Yvette Freeman was born. Actress
- 1958 - Robert Falk dies (b. 1886). Russian painter.
- 1959 - Youssou N'Dour was born in Dakar, Senegal. Composer, singer (Shaking the tree )
- 1960 - Nigeria gains independence from the United Kingdom
- 1960 - Cyprus gains its independence from the United Kingdom.
- 1961 - East and West Cameroon merge as Federal Republic of Cameroon
- 1961 - Roger Maris sets new record for most home runs in a single season with 61, surpassing Babe Ruth's previous mark of 60.
- 1962 - A Amnistia Internacional é fundada em Londres, por Sean Mac Bride e Peter Bernson.
- 1962 - Johnny Carson begins a 30-year run as the host of The Tonight Show starring Johnny Carson at NBC.
- 1962 - Esai Morales was born. American actor
- 1963 - Mark McGwire was born. Baseball player
- 1963 - California State Board of Education created.
- 1964 - Marco Aurélio Robles assume a presidência do Panamá
- 1964 - Free Speech Movement is launched on the campus of University of California, Berkeley.
- 1964 - Jonathan Sarfati was born. Australian-born chess player, scientist, and author
- 1964 - Harry Hill was born. British comedian.
- 1965 - Apostasia, a political move in Greece designed by the former King of Greece Constantine II and executed by a group of politicians (led by the later PM of Greece Constantine Mitsotakis) who have betrayed and overthrown the Prime Minister George Papandreou in Greece in favour of the formerly King of Greece.
- 1965 - Cindy Margolis was born. Actress.
- 1965 - Andreas Keller was born. German field hockey player
- 1966 - George Weah was born. Liberian football player.
- 1967 - Scott Young was born. American hockey player
- 1967 - Mike Pringle was born. Professional football player
- 1968 - The Guyanese government takes over the British Guiana Broadcasting Service (BGBS).
- 1968 - Jon Guenther was born. American author
- 1969 - The Concorde supersonic transport plane breaks the sound barrier for the first time.
- 1969 - Em Lisboa, inauguração da sede e museu da Fundação Calouste Gulbenkian, projectada pelos arquitectos Alberto José Pessoa, Ruy Athoughia e Pedro Cid.
- 1969 - Igor Ulanov was born. National Hockey League defenseman
- 1970 - Alexei Zhamnov was born. Russian hockey player
- 1970 - Moses Kiptanui was born in Kenya. Athlet 1996 Olympics silver
- 1971 - Walt Disney World opens in Orlando, Florida.
- 1972 - Louis Leakey dies (b. 7 Aug 1903). Archaeologist and anthropologist
- 1972 - 2nd New York City Women's Marathon won by Nina Kuscsik in 3:08:41
- 1972 - 3rd New York City Marathon won by Sheldon Karlin in 2:27:52
- 1974 - Portugal : O general Costa Gomes toma posse como presidente da República do III Governo Provisório, após a renúncia do general António de Spínola.
- 1975 - The Seychelles gain internal self-government.
- 1975 - Al Jackson was born (b. 1935). American drummer (Booker T. & the M.G.'s)
- 1975 - Chulpan Khamatova was born. Russian actress
- 1976 - É empossado o Governo Regional da Madeira.
- 1976 - Inna Zobova was born in Khimky. Russian actress
- 1976 - Dora Venter was born. Hungarian actress
- 1976 - Mandisa was born. American singer
- 1976 - Denis Gauthier was born. National Hockey League player
- 1977 - Jeffrey van Hooydonk was born. Belgian race car driver
- 1977 - Claudia Palacios was born. Colombian journalist.
- 1978 - The Voltaic Revolutionary Communist Party is founded.
- 1978 - Tuvalu (formerly Ellice Islands) declares independence from UK
- 1979 - Activision founded
- 1979 - Rudi Johnson was born. American football player
- 1979 - Gilberto Martínez was born. Costa Rican football player
- 1980 - George Meany dies (b. 1894). American trade union leader.
- 1980 - Fernanda Vogel was born. Brazilian model.
- 1981 - Júlio Baptista was born. Brazilian footballer
- 1982 - Haruna Babangida was born. Nigerian footballer
- 1982 - Sandra Oxenryd was born. Swedish singer
- 1982 - Helmut Kohl replaces Helmut Schmidt as Chancellor of Germany through a Constructive Vote of No Confidence.
- 1982 - EPCOT Center opens at Walt Disney World
- 1984 - Walter Alston dies (b. 1911). Baseball player.
- 1985 - E. B. White dies (b. 1899). American author.
- 1985 - Dizzee Rascal was born. British musician.
- 1985 - Ryo Miyamori was born. Japanese singer
- 1985 - E. B. White dies (b. 1899). American author.
- 1988 - Sacheverell Sitwell dies (b. 1897). English writer.
- 1988 - Mikhail Gorbachev is named head of the Supreme Soviet
- 1990 - Serbs in Croatia proclaimed autonomy.
- 1990 - Curtis LeMay dies (b. 1906). American Air Force general.
- 1992 - Petra Kelly dies (b. 1947). German politician.
- 1992 - Cartoon Network debuts.
- 1993 - Polly Klaas is kidnapped by Richard Allen Davis during a slumber party at her Petaluma, California, home; Davis will be sentenced to death for her murdering Klaas.
- 1994 - André Lwoff dies. French physician. Nobel Prize in Medicine laureate in 1965.
- 1994 - Independência de Palau
- 1994 - Carlos Lleras Restrepo dies. President of Colombia (1966-70)
- 1994 - Em São Tomé e Príncipe, o MLSTP/PSD vence as eleições legislativas.
- 1994 - Paul Lorenzen dies (b. 1915), German philosopher.
- 1995 - O PS ganha as eleições em Portugal levando António Guterres ao cargo de Primeiro Ministro.
- 1995 - Em Portugal, entra em vigor o novo Código Penal.
- 1995 - Sheik Omar Abdel-Rahman and nine other defendants were convicted in New York of conspiring to attack the United States through bombings, assassinations and kidnappings
- 1997 - Jerome H. Lemelson dies (b. 1923). American inventor.
- 1998 - Mika Hakkinen sagra-se campeão mundial de Fórmula 1.
- 1998 - Pauline Julien dies (b. 1928). French Canadian singer.
- 2000 - 27th Olympic games close at Sydney, Australia.
- 2000 - Reginald Kray dies (b. 1933). British gangster.
- 2000 - Robert Allen dies (b. 1928). Pianist and songwriter.
- 2001 - Victoria Beckham's debut solo album is released.
- 2001 - Guy Beaulne dies (b. 1921). French Canadian actor and theatre director.
- 2002 - Walter Annenberg dies. Publisher and philanthropist
- 2004 - Seattle Mariners outfielder Ichiro Suzuki makes his 258th hit of the season, breaking George Sisler's 84-year-old single-season record.
- 2004 - Richard Avedon dies (b. 1923). American photographer.
- 2004 - Bruce Palmer dies (b. 1946). Canadian musician (Buffalo Springfield).
- 2004 - Spain's Socialist government approved a controversial law that would give gay and lesbian couples the same right to marry, divorce and adopt children as heterosexuals
- 2004 - The United Nations launched a massive voluntary repatriation program to return an estimated 340,000 Liberian refugees still scattered across West Africa.
- World Health Organization - World Hepatitis Awareness Day
- Republic of Cyprus — Independence Day
- Nigeria — National Day
- Tuvalu — Independence Day
- People's Republic of China — National Day
- San Marino — two Captains Regent, elected by parliament, take office for six months.
- Ghana - Independence Day (from Britain, 1957)
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