On this day in History - Jul 23
- 0685 - John V begins his reign as Catholic Pope
- 1227 - Qiu Chuji dies (b. 1148). Chinese Taoist.
- 1301 - Otto the Merry was born. Duke of Austria.
- 1339 - King Louis I of Naples was born (d. 1384)
- 1373 - Saint Birgitta dies. Swedish saint (b. 1303).
- 1508 - El militar español Pedro Navarro toma Peñón de Vélez de la Gomera, importante núcleo de piratas del Mediterráneo.
- 1588 - Battle of the Armada
- 1626 - Sabbatai Zevi was born (d. 1676). Jewish false Messiah.
- 1632 - 300 colonists bound for New France depart Dieppe, France.
- 1649 - Pope Clement XI was born.
- 1705 - Francis Blomefield was born (d. 1752). English topographer.
- 1734 - Antonio Maria Gaspare Sacchini was born (d. 1786). Italian composer.
- 1757 - Domenico Scarlatti dies. Italian composer
- 1773 - George Edwards dies (b. 1693). Naturalist.
- 1775 - Etienne-Louis Malus was born (d. 1812). French physicist and mathematician
- 1777 - Philipp Otto Runge was born (d. 1810). German painter
- 1796 - Franz Berwald was born (d. 1868). Composer.
- 1798 - Napoleon captures Alexandria, Egypt
- 1838 - Edouard Judas Colonne was born (d. 1910). French violinist.
- 1856 - Lokmanya Tilak was born (d. 1920). Indian freedom fighter.
- 1857 - Carl Meinhof was born. German linguist.
- 1860 - José María Vargas Vila was born. Colombian writer.
- 1865 - Max Heindel (born Carl Louis von Grasshoff in Denmark); was born (d. 1919). Christian occultist, astrologer and mystic.
- 1878 - Hilarión Eslava, dies. Spanish composer and musicologist.
- 1881 - Harper's Weekly featured a cartoon about the assassination of President James Garfieldthe (See the cartoon)
- 1884 - Emil Jannings, was born (d. 1950). Actor .
- 1885 - Ulysses S. Grant, dies. General, 18th President of the United States
- 1886 - Salvador de Madariaga was born (d. 1978). League of Nations disarmament chief
- 1886 - Walter H. Schottky was born (d. 1976). German physicist.
- 1888 - Raymond Chandler was born (d. 1959). Author
- 1892 - Haile Selassie was born (d. 1975). Emperor of Ethiopia
- 1893 - Karl Menninger was born (d. 1990). Psychiatrist
- 1894 - Arthur Treacher was born (d. 1975). English character actor.
- 1895 - Aileen Pringle was born (d. 1989). American actress.
- 1898 - Jacob Marschak was born. American economist.
- 1899 - Gustav Heinemann was born ( † 7 Jul 1976). Politician, President of the Federal Republic of Germany.
- 1906 - Vladimir Prelog was born (d. 1998). Croatian chemist, Nobel Prize laureate.
- 1914 - Austria-Hungary issues an ultimatum to Serbia allowing the Austrians to find out who killed Archduke Franz Ferdinand. When Serbia denied Austria-Hungary of their demands World War I is sparked on July 28, 1914
- 1916 - Sir William Ramsay dies. Scottish chemist, Nobel Prize laureate.
- 1920 - Amália Rodrigues was born (oficial date : she always argued her birthday was on 1 Jul (d. 6 Oct 1999). Portuguese singer, fadist (the Queen of Fado) and actress.
- 1920 - Conrad Kohrs dies. Rancher
- 1921 - Calvert DeForest was born. Actor (on David Letterman's late night shows)
- 1923 - Witto Aloma was born (d. 1997). Major League Baseball player.
- 1924 - Frank Frost Abbott dies (b. 1850). American classical scholar.
- 1927 - Criação da Associação Portuguesa de Editores e Livreiros
- 1931 - Viktor Korchnoi was born. Chess champion
- 1936 - Don Drysdale was born (d. 1993). Member of the Baseball Hall of Fame
- 1936 - Anthony Kennedy was born. Justice on the U.S. Supreme Court
- 1938 - Bert Newton was born. Actor, TV show host
- 1938 - Götz George was born. Actor
- 1940 - Don Imus was born. American talk radio host
- 1940 - US Under Secretary of State Sumner Welles`s declaration on the US non-recognition policy of the Soviet annexation and incorporation of three Baltic States - Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania.
- 1942- The Treblinka extermination camp is opened
- 1942 - Myra Hindley was born (d. 2002). Moors murderess
- 1943 - Tony Joe White was born. R&B singer-songwriter
- 1944 - Maria João Pires was born in Lisbon. Portuguese pianist.
- 1947 - David Essex was born. Rock and roll singer
- 1947 - Gardner Dozois was born. Science fiction author
- 1950 - Alex Kozinski was born. Circuit Judge
- 1951 - Général Henri-Philippe Pétain, dies in the Île d'Yeu prison fortress. French national hero of World War I.
- 1951 - Edie McClurg was born. Actress .
- 1951 - É fundada em Lisboa a Liga dos Cegos João de Deus
- 1952 - General Muhammad Naguib leads the Free Officers Movement (formed by Gamal Abdel Nasser - the real power behind the coup) in the overthrow of King Farouk of Egypt.
- 1956 - The Loi Cadre is passed by the French Republic in order to order French overseas territory affairs.
- 1960 - 15th US Women's Open Golf Championship won by Betsy Rawls
- 1961 - Woody Harrelson was born. Actor
- 1961 - Martin Gore was born. Musician, songwriter (Depeche Mode)
- 1965 - Slash (born "Saul Hudson") was born. Guitarist (Guns N Roses)
- 1967 - Philip Seymour Hoffman was born. American actor
- 1967 - 12th Street Riot: In Detroit, Michigan, one of the worst riots in United States history begins on 12th Street in the predominantly African American inner city (43 killed, 342 injured and 1,400 buildings burned).
1967 - En Puerto Rico se realiza el primer plebiscito sobre su status. - 1968 - Gary Payton was born. American basketball player.
- 1968 - Stephanie Seymour was born. American supermodel.
- 1969 -Fernanda Ribeiro was born. Portuguese athlet, 10.000 m runner (Olympics-gold-96). / Nasce em Penafiel, Fernanda Ribeiro. Atleta portuguesa, campeã mundial e olímpica dos 10.000 metros.
- 1970 - Qaboos ibn Sa’id becomes Sultan of Oman.
- 1970 - Thea Dorn was born. German writer
- 1971 - Alison Krauss was born. Bluegrass singer, fiddler
- 1971 - Dalvin DeGrate aka Mr. Dalvin, was born. R&B singer
- 1972 - Eddy Merckx (Belgium) wins his 4th consecutive Tour de France
- 1972 - Adolfo Casais Monteiro dies. Portuguese professor and writer.
- 1973 - Robert Anton Wilson, the occultist/philosopher, either achieved contact with extraterrestrials from Sirius or started a long-term period of having wild hallucinations, depending on which way you want to look at it.
- 1973 - Nomar Garciaparra was born. Baseball star shortstop
- 1973 - Monica Lewinsky was born. Congressional intern
- 1974 - Greek military rule gives in to democracy : The military government in Greece has collapsed and the former prime minister Constantine Karamanlis has been invited to return.
- 1974 - Maurice Greene was born. American athlete
- 1974 - Terry Glenn was born. NFL wide receiver
- 1976 - Tomada de posse do I Governo Constitucional de Portugal com Mário Soares como Primeiro-ministro
- 1978 - Stefanie Sun was born. Singaporea songstress
- 1980 - Michelle Williams was born. Singer (Destiny's Child)
- 1982 - The International Whaling Commission decides to end commercial whaling by 1985-86.
- 1983 - Rebecca Cartwright was born. Australian actress
- 1984 - Vanessa Williams becomes the first Miss America to resign when she surrenders her crown after nude photos of her appeared in "Penthouse" magazine.
- 1987 - Said Aouita of Morocco runs world record 5,000 m (12:58.39)
- 1989 - Daniel Radcliffe was born. Actor (Harry Potter movies) .
- 1994 - Golpe militar na Gambia que derruba o Presidente Dauda Jawara, sustituido no dia seguinte pelo Tenente Yaya Dieme.
- 1995 - Miguel Indurain torna-se o primeiro cicclista a vencer por cinco anos consecutivos o Tour de France.
- 1995 - British forces sent to Sarajevo: Britain sends 1,200 troops to relieve the besieged Bosnian capital, Sarajevo.
- 1995 - Manuel Augusto Trindade dies. Portuguese priest and essayst.
- 1999 - Crown Prince Mohammed Ben Al-Hassan, is crowned King Mohammed VI of Morroco at the death of his father.
- 1999 - Hijack of ANA Flight 61 in Tokyo.
- 2000 - Tiger Woods, at became at age 24 the youngest golfer to win the career Grand Slam with a record-breaking performance in the British Open.
- 2001 - Eudora Welty dies (b. 13 April 1909). Author. Pulitzer Prize-winning writer (The Optimist's Daughter -1972)
- 2001 - Indonesian president removed from office. Indonesia's People's Consultative Assembly 591-0 impeaches President Abdurahman Wahid and swears in Vice President Megawati Sukarnoputri as President.
- 2002 - Leo McKern dies. Actor
- 2002 - Dr. William L. Pierce dies. Author, leader of the National Alliance
- 2002 - Chaim Potok dies. American novelist
- 2003 - James E. Davis dies murdered. New York City councilman.
- 2003 - Operation Warrior Sweep is the first major military deployment of the Afghan National Army.
- 2004 - 11 years after its destruction, Stari most (the Old Bridge) in Mostar is reopened.
2004 - Carlos Paredes dies. Portuguese musician and composer - 2004 - Mehmood dies. Indian actor .
- 2004 - Serge Reggiani dies (b. 1922). French singer and actor.
- 2005 - Egypt Hit By Deadly Bomb Blasts -Suicide car bombers unleashed a trail of carnage in Egypt's Red Sea resort of Sharm el-Sheikh Saturday, killing at least 83 people, including tourists from Britain, Italy and Holland and injuring German nationals.
- Egypt - Revolution Day (1952)
- Libya - Revolution Day
- Papua New Guinea - Remembrance Day
- Rastafari movement - Celebration of the birthday of Haile Selassie
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