On this day in History - Jul 22

• 1099 - Godfrey of Bouillon elected first Defender of the Holy Sepulchre of The Kingdom of Jerusalem
• 1210 - Joan of England, Queen consort of Scotland, wife of Alexander II of Scotland, was born (d. 1238)
• 1298 - English defeat Scots at Battle of Falkirk
• 1456 - Siege of Belgrade - John Hunyadi, Regent of Kingdom of Hungary defeats Mehmet II of Ottoman Empire
• 1461 - Charles VII of France dies (b. 1403) . King of France (1422-61)
• 1499 - Battle of Dornach The Swiss decisively defeat the Imperial army of Emperor Maximilian I
• 1519 - Pope Innocent IX was born (d. 1591)
• 1587 - Colony of Roanoke: A second group of English settlers arrive on Roanoke Island off of North Carolina to re-establish the deserted colony.
• 1621 - Anthony Ashley-Cooper, 1st Earl of Shaftesbury was born (d. 1683). English politician
• 1645 - Gaspar de Guzman, dies. Count of Olivares, Duke of San Lucar
• 1676 - Pope Clement X dies.
• 1702 - O português Pedro Vaz de Sequeira assume (pela 2º vez) o governo de Macau
• 1734 - Peter King, 1st Baron King dies. Lord Chancellor of England
• 1784 - Friedrich Bessel was born. Mathematician
• 1793 - Alexander Mackenzie reaches the Pacific Ocean becoming the first Euro-American to complete a transcontinental crossing north of Mexico.
• 1796 - Surveyors of the Connecticut Land Company name an area in Ohio "Cleveland" after Gen. Moses Cleaveland, the superintendent of the surveying party.
• 1805 - inconclusive battle of Cape Finisterre fought between combined French and Spanish fleets under Admiral Villeneuve and British under Admiral Calder.
• 1812 - Peninsular War: British forces led by Arthur Wellesley (later Duke of Wellington) defeat French troops near Salamanca in Spain.
• 1822 - Gregor Mendel was born (1884). Austrian geneticist.
• 1832 - Napoleon II of France dies
• 1844 - William Archibald Spooner was born (d. 1930). Known for verbal inversions called spoonerisms.
• 1859 - Emma Lazarus was born (d. 1887). American poet.
• 1863 - Decreto de D. Luís I estabelece a criação do Museu da Marinha - Portugal
• 1864 - American Civil War: Battle of Atlanta - Outside of Atlanta, Georgia, Confederate General John Bell Hood leads an unsuccessful attack on Union troops under General William T. Sherman on Bald Hill.
• 1868 - Bernardo de Sá Nogueira de Figueiredo assume o cargo de primeiro-ministro de Portugal
• 1882 - Edward Hopper was born (d. 1967). Painter.
• 1887 - Gustav Ludwig Hertz was born (d. 1975). German quantum physicist, Nobel Prize laureate
• 1888 - Selman Abraham Waksman was born. American biochemost who won The Nobel Prize in 1952.
• 1890 - Rose Kennedy was born (d. 1995).mother of John F. Kennedy.
• 1893 - James Whale was born (d. 1957). Film director.
• 1894 - Oskar Maria Graf was born (†28.6.1967). German writer. He was involved in the 1918 March Revolution and was forced into exile in the USA for his anti-fascist views in 1933. Some of his novels warn of the dangers of national socialism and others are utopian.
• 1898 - Stephen Vincent Benét, was born (d. 1943). American author.
• 1898 - Alexander Calder, was born (d. 1976). American artist.
• 1904 - Wilson Barrett, dies. Actor
• 1905 - Doc Cramer, was born (d. 1990). Baseball player.
• 1908 - Amy Vanderbilt, was born. Author on etiquette
• 1908 - Albert Fisher establishes the Fisher Body Company to manufacture carriage and automobile bodies.
• 1908 - Sir Randal Cremer dies. Prémio Nobel Prize Peace laureate in 1903.
• 1912 - 5th Olympic games in Stockholm closes.
• 1913 - Gorni Kramer was born. Italian bandleader and songwriter
• 1916 - Marcel Cerdan was born (d. 1949). Boxer.
• 1916- In San Francisco, California, a bomb explodes on Market Street during a Preparedness Day parade killing 10 and injuring 40.
• 1916 - James Whitcomb Riley dies. Author, poet.
• 1918 - Manuel González Prada dies. Peruvian writer
• 1922 - Jokichi Takamine dies. Chemist
• 1923 - Bob Dole was born. U.S. Senator from Kansas and Presidential candidate
• 1923 - Mukesh, was born (d. 1976). Singer.
• 1924 - Margaret Whiting was born. Singer.
• 1925 - Petrol from coal. The chemists, Fischer and Tropsch, patented a process for making carbon dioxide from coal
• 1932 - Oscar De la Renta, was born. Fashion designer .
• 1932 - Florenz Ziegfeld Jr., dies. Theatrical producer.
• 1933 - Wiley Post becomes first person to fly solo around the world traveling 15,596 miles in 7 days, 18 hours and 45 minutes.
• 1934 - Louise Fletcher was born. Academy Award-winning actress in 1976
• 1934 - Outside Chicago's Biograph Theatre, "Public Enemy No. 1" John Dillinger is mortally wounded by FBI agents.
• 1934 - John Dillinger dies. Bank robber, shot at the Biograph Theater in Chicago
• 1936 - Tom Robbins was born. Author
• 1937 - New Deal: The United States Senate votes down President Franklin D. Roosevelt's proposal to add more justices to the Supreme Court of the United States.
• 1939 - Terence Stamp was born. Actor
• 1939 - Erhard Walther was born. Artist
• 1940 - Alex Trebek was born. Canadian-born game show host
• 1941 - George Clinton was born. Musician
• 1941 - Invasão da União Soviética pelo exército alemão, dando início à «Operação Barbarossa».
• 1942 - Holocaust: The systematic deportation of Jews from the Warsaw Ghetto begins.
• 1944 - Estelle Bennett, was born. Singer (Ronettes)
• 1946 - Mireille Mathieu, was born. French singer
• 1946 - Stephen M. Wolownik, was born (d. 2000). Russia musician.
• 1946 - King David Hotel bombing: Irgun bombs King David Hotel in Jerusalem, headquarters of the British civil and military administration, killing 90.
• 1947 - Albert Brooks was born. Comedian
• 1947 - Danny Glover was born. Actor
• 1947 - Don Henley was born. Drummer, singer, and songwriter
• 1948 - Otto Waalkes was born. Comedian
• 1948 - S.E. Hinton was born. Author
• 1949 - Alan Menken, was born. Composer
• 1949 - Lasse Viren, was born. Finnish athlete. 5000 and 10000 metres running olympic gold medalist 1972 and 1976, 5th in marathon 1976 Olympics.
• 1950 - William Lyon Mackenzie King dies. Tenth Prime Minister of Canada
• 1952 - Polish constitution adopted (National Day)
• 1954 - Al Di Meola was born. Guitarist
• 1955 - Willem Dafoe was born. Actor.
• 1960 - António Leitão was born. Portuguese athlet.
• 1961 - Keith Sweat was born. Singer
• 1962 - Mariner program: Mariner 1 spacecraft flies erratically several minutes after launch and has to be destroyed.
• 1964 - Steve Ballesteros wins the Britsh Golf Open
• 1964 - David Spade was born. Comedian
• 1964 - Patrick Labyorteaux was born. American actor
• 1965 - Shawn Michaels was born. Professional wrestler
• 1967 - Carl Sandburg dies. Poet
• 1971 - Kristine Lilly was born. American soccer player 1973 - Rufus Wainwright, was born. Singer and songwriter.
• 1974 - Wayne Morse dies. Former Senator from Oregon.
• 1974 - Claudia Lars dies. El Salvador writer.
• 1975 - Markus Metzenthin was born. Economist.
• 1976 - Nina Moric was born in Zagabria, Croatia. Actress and model. She was the runner-up in the 1996 Elite "Look Of The Year" contest
• 1977 - Brian Rohr, was born. Artist, healer
• 1977 - Chinese leader Deng Xiaoping is restored to power.
• 1983 - Shelby Belle, was born. Actress .
• 1986 - Great Britain bans the cane as punishment in the schools
• 1987 - Joshua Small was born. Singer, songwriter.
• 1988 - Luigi Lucioni dies. Italian painter
• 1989 - Martti Talvela dies (b. 1935). Finnish bass.
• 1990 - Manuel Puig dies. Author .
• 1990 - Greg Lemond of US wins bicycling's 3rd tour de France
• 1990 - Nick Faldo of England wins the British Open Golf championship
• 1991 - Serial killer Jeffrey Dahmer is arrested after the remains of 11 men and boys are found in his Milwaukee apartment.
• 1992 - Near Medellín, Colombian drug lord Pablo Escobar escapes from his luxury prison fearing extradition to the United States.
• 1994 - O. J. Simpson é julgado inocente da morte de sua ex-mulher.
• 1994 - Prisão de Jeffrey Dahmer. Serial killer norte-americano
• 1997 - The second Blue Water Bridge opens between Port Huron, Michigan and Sarnia, Ontario.
• 1998 - Hermann Prey dies (b. 1929). German bass-baritone.
• 1998 - António Saura dies. Spanish painter.
• 2000 - Eric Christmas dies (b. 1916). British actor.
• 2001 - Gustavo Kuerten conquista o título do ATP Tour de Stuttgart (Alemanha)
• 2002 - O brasileiro Sérgio Vieira de Mello é escolhido para chefiar a Comissão de Direitos Humanos da ONU
• 2003 - Wahome Muthahi dies. Kenyan humourist
• 2003 - Members of 101st Airborne of the United States, aided by Special Forces, attack a compound in Iraq, killing Saddam Hussein's sons Uday and Qusay, along with Mustapha Hussein, Qusay's 14-year old son, and a bodyguard.
• 2004 - Sacha Distel dies. French singer
• 2004 - George Kidd dies. Canadian diplomat.
• 2004 - Illinois Jacquet dies. American saxofonist
• 2004 - O português José Manuel Durão Barroso é confirmado para presidir a Comissão Europeia
• 2005 - Man shot dead by London police : Police say they shot a man dead at Stockwell Tube station in south London after he was challenged and refused to obey an order. Jean Charles de Menezes a Brazilian electricist was the victim.
• Saint Mary Magdalene
• Swaziland - Birthday of former King Sobhuza II
• Pi Approximation Day
• Ratcatcher's Day. See:The Pied Piper of Hamelin.