On this day in History - Jul. 14

• 0664 - Deusdedit of Canterbury dies. Archbishop of Canterbury
• 1093 - Death of St. Ulric of Zell.
• 1223 - King Philip II of France dies (b. 1165)
• 1223 - In France, Louis VIII becomes King of France upon the death of his father, Philip II of France.
• 1270 - Boniface of Savoy, Archbishop of Canterbury dies
• 1454 - Angelo Poliziano Politian was born in, Montepulciano, Tuscany. Italian poet and humanist, friend & protégé of Lorenzo de' Medici, and a foremost classical scholar of the Renaissance.
• 1486 - Andrea del Sarto was born in Firenze (d. 1530). Italien painter (Florentine School).
• 1536 - France and Portugal sign the naval treaty of Lyons, aligning themselves against Spain.
• 1602 - Jules Mazarin was born (d. 1661). French statesman - 1st Minister (1642-1661) - and cardinal.
• 1610 - Ferdinando II de' Medici, 5th Grand Duke of Tuscany was born (d. 24 May1670).
• 1634 - Pasquier Quesnel was born (d. 1719). French Jansenist theologian.
• 1642 - Benjamin Thompson was born in Quincy, Massachusetts (d. 13 Apr 1714). 1st native American poet ("New England Crisis")
• 1742 - Richard Bentley dies (b. 1662). English classical scholar.
• 1764 - France: Jean-François Varletwas born in Paris. Revolutionary considered by many an anarchist precursor. Varlet is author of one of the first anarchist proclamations, "l'Explosion".
• 1789 - French Revolution: Citizens of Paris storm the Bastille and free seven prisoners. This event in 1789 marked the beginning of the French Revolution./ Tomada da Bastilha. A fortaleza da Bastilha é atacada e tomada pela população de Paris. A Revolução Francesa tem o seu início. O Dia Nacional da França comemora esta data
• 1791 - The Priestley Riots drive Joseph Priestley, a supporter of the French Revolution, out of Birmingham, England.
• 1798 - The Sedition Act becomes United States law making it a federal crime to write, publish, or utter false or malicious statements about the United States government.
• 1800 - Lorenzo Mascheroni dies in Paris (b. 13 May 1750 in Bergamo). Italian mathematician.
• 1816 - Morre Francisco de Miranda, percursor da independência da Venezuela.
• 1827 - The first Roman Catholic Mass is celebrated in the Hawaiian Islands by Fathers Abraham Armand and Alexis Bachelot of France and Patrick Short of the United Kingdom, members of the Congregation of the Sacred Hearts of Jesus and Mary. It would be the foundation of the present-day Diocese of Honolulu.
• 1827 - Augustin Jean Fresnel dies in Ville-d'Avray, France (b. 10 May 1788 in Broglie). French physicist and mathematician.
• 1829 - Edward White Benson was born (d. 1896). Archbishop of Canterbury.
• 1834 - Edmond Charles Genêt dies (b. 1763). French ambassador to the United States during the French Revolution.
• 1853 - the first US World's Fair opened in New York.
• 1858 - Emmeline Pankhurst was born (d. 1928). English suffragist.
• 1860 - Owen Wister was born (d. 1938). American author.
• 1862 - Gustav Klimt was born (d. 1918). Austrian painter and graphic artist.
• 1863 - Paul Walden was born (d. 24 Jan 1957). A Latvian chemist who, while teaching at Riga, discovered the Walden inversion, a reversal of stereochemical configuration that occurs in many reactions of covalent compounds (1896).
• 1865- The Matterhorn is conquered . A group of British climbers, headed by British mountaineer Edward Whymper, reached the peak of the Matterhorn ahead of the Italian Alpine team.
• 1865 - Benjamin Gompertz dies in London (b. 5 Mar 1799 in London). English mathematican and his well remembered for Gompertz's Law of Mortality
• 1867 - Alfred Nobel demonstrated dynamite for the first time at a quarry in Redhill, Surrey.
• 1868 - Gertrude Bell was born (d. 1926). English archaeologist, writer, spy, and administrator.
• 1881 - Billy the Kid dies killed by sheriff Pat Garrett (b. 1860). American outlaw.
• 1887 - Alfred Krupp dies (b. 26 Apr 1812). German manufacturer of steel and armaments who was known as "The Cannon King."
• 1893 - O general José Santos Zelaya se proclama ditador da Nicarágua.
• 1903 - Irving Stone was born in San Francisco (d. 1989). American novelist (Lust for Life; Love is Eternal; The Agony and the Ecstasy ).
• 1904 - Anton Chekhov dies (b. 1860). Russian playwright and short story writer.
• 1904 - Isaac Bashevis Singer was born in Radzymin, Poland (d. 1991). Polish Yiddish author. His many works (Enemies, A Love Story; A Crown of Feathers; etc.) will earn him the Nobel Prize for Literature in 1978.
• 1905 - Laurence Chisholm Young was born in Göttingen, Germany (d. 24 Dec 2000 in Madison, Wisconsin, USA). Mathematician.
• 1910 - William Hanna was born (d. 2001). American animator.
• 1912 - Northrop Frye was born (d. 1991). Canadian literary critic
• 1912 - Woody Guthrie was born (d. 1967). American folk musician ( This Land is Your Land, Hard Travelin’, Union Maid, So Long It’s Been Good to Know Yuh, Dirty Overhalls, Pretty Boy Floyd, The Sinking of the Reuben James)
• 1913 - Gerald Rudolph Ford, was born. 38 th President of the United States. He was the first president to have served without having been chosen in a national election.
  1915 - Criação do América Futebol Clube (Natal - RN)
• 1916 - Natalia Ginzburg was born (d. 1991). Writer.
• 1918 - Ingmar Bergman was born in Uppsala. Swedish Academy Award-winning director ( Through a Glass Darkly [1961]; The Seventh Seal, Wild Strawberries, Cries and Whispers, Fanny and Alexander)
• 1918 - Arthur Laurents was born. American playwright, novelist, and director.
• 1919 - Lino Ventura was born (d. 1987). Italian-born actor.
• 1921 - Leon Garfield was born (d. 1996). English children's author.
• 1921 - In a still-controversial decision, Nicola Sacco and Bartolomeo Vanzetti, immigrant Italian anarchists, were found guilty of the murder of two men in Massachusetts. They were found guilty of the murders in South Braintree, Massachusetts, on 15 April 1920, of F.A. Parmenter, paymaster of a shoe factory, and Alessandro Berardelli, the guard accompanying him, in order to secure the payroll that they were carrying. Sacco and Vanzetti, still maintaining their innocence, were executed on 23 August 1927, in spite of they have always mantained their innocence.
• 1921 - Sir Geoffrey Wilkinson was born. British chemist, joint recipient with Ernst Fischer of the Nobel Prize for Chemistry in 1973 for "for their pioneering work, performed independently, on the chemistry of the organometallic, so called sandwich compounds."
• 1923 - Nascimento de António Quadros († 1994). Membro da geração da revista «57», criada em torno Álvaro Ribeiro. Influenciado pelo existencialismo, que o fez publicar, em 1954, Introdução a uma estética existencial, a sua obra mais conhecida é Portugal Razão e Mistério, (1987).
• 1924 - Alberto Bordalo was born (d. 1 Apr 1964). Brazilian writer and poet.
• 1926 - Harry Dean Stanton was born. American actor (Down Periscope, Never Talk to Strangers, Against the Wall, Wild at Heart, Twister, The Last Temptation of Christ, Red Dawn, Christine, Paris, Texas, Repo Man, Young Doctors in Love, Escape from New York, Private Benjamin, Death Watch, The Rose, Alien, The Godfather, Part 2, Kelly’s Heroes, Cool Hand Luke, The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn, Two-Lane Blacktop).
• 1927 - John Chancellor was born (d. 1996). American television commentator.
• 1928 - Nancy Olson was born . Actress ( Sunset Boulevard, The Absent-Minded Professor, Son of Flubber, Snowball Express).
• 1931 - Robert Stephens was born (d. 12 Nov 1995). Actor (The Secret Rapture, Chaplin, The Bonfire of the Vanities, Henry V, Empire of the Sun, The Private Life of Sherlock Holmes, The Prime of Miss Jean Brodie, A Taste of Honey).
• 1933 - Gleichschaltung: In Germany, all political parties are outlawed except the Nazi Party.
• 1933 - Del (Franklin Delano) Reeves was born. Singer (Slow Hand, Be Quiet Mind, The Girl on the Billboard, Looking at the World through a Windshield, The Philadelphia Phillies; films: Second Fiddle to a Steel Guitar, Forty Acre Feud)
• 1938 - Jerry Rubin was born (d. 1994). American activist.
• 1939 - George E. Slusser was born. American scholar and writer
• 1939 - Karel Gott was born. Czech singer.
  1939 - Alfons Maria Mucha, dies (b. 24 Aug 1860). Czech Art Nouveau painter, illustrator, poster artist, and designer.
• 1940 - World War II: Andrew George Latta McNaughton takes command of the 7th Army Corps consisting of British, Canadian and New Zealand troops.
• 1941 - Maulana Karenga was born. American author and activist.
• 1942 - Javier Solana was born. Spanish European Union foreign policy chief (1995-1999).
• 1945 - Fundação da Academia Brasileira de Música
• 1946 - John Wood was born. Australian actor.
  1946 - Dr. Benjamin Spock’s Baby and Child Care was first published. This book became one of the most widely-discussed books ever published and one of the most widely sold.
• 1951 - In Joplin, Missouri, George Washington Carver National Monument becomes the first United States National Monument in honor of an African American.
• 1953 - Richard von Mises dies in Boston (b. 19 Apr 1883 in Lemberg, Austria, now Lvov, Ukraine). Economist and applied mathematician, who worked on fluid mechanics, aerodynamics, aeronautics statistics and probability theory (Theory of Flight)
• 1954 - Jacinto Benavente dies (b. 1866). Spanish writer, Nobel Prize in Literature, 1922 . ( La Gobernadora (1901) [The Governor's Wife], Rosas de otoño (1905) [Autumnal Roses], and particularly Señora ama ( 1908) [The Lady of the House] and La Malquerida (1913) [The Wrongly Loved]).
• 1956 - John Wishart dies in Acapulco, Mexico (b. 28 Nov 1898 in Montrose, Scotland). Mathematician and statistician.
• 1958 - Iraqi Revolution: King Faisal II is assassinated at Baghdad. The monarchy is overthrown by Arab nationalists and Abdul Karim Kassem becomes the nation's new leader. / No Iraque, um Golpe de Estado organizado por oficiais do exército proclama a República, e assassina o rei Faisal II (1935-1958), e quase toda a sua família.
• 1958 - Independência do Senegal.
• 1960 - Guatemala: Fire raging through a Guatemala City insane asylum kills 225, severely injuring 300.
• 1963 - A Câmara Municipal de Lisboa cria em Portugal a primeira Biblioteca Pública para cegos
• 1965 - Mariner 4 flyby of Mars takes the first close-up photos of another planet.
• 1965 - Adlai Stevenson dies (b. 1900). U.S. presidential candidate.
• 1966 - In Chicago, Illinois, Richard Speck murders eight student nurses in their dormitory.
• 1966 - A fire at a mental hospital in Guatemala City kills 225.
• 1966 - Brigitte Bardot and Gunther Sachs wedding
• 1967 - Eddie Mathews becomes the seventh member of the 500 home run club with a home run at Candlestick Park in San Francisco, California.
• 1967 - Robin Ventura was born. Baseball player
• 1968 - Hank Aaron becomes the eighth member of the 500 home run club with a home run at Fulton County Stadium in Atlanta, Georgia.
• 1969 - Soccer Blue!? The "Futbol War" erupts between El Salvador and Honduras, the former invades the latter.
• 1970 - Missy Gold was born in Great Falls, Montana, USA . Actress ( Little Mo, Benson, Twirl )
• 1971 - Chirag Bhimani was born. Structural and Environmental Engineer
• 1971 - Bubba Ray Dudley was born. Professional wrestler.
• 1972 - Emílio Abreu Gómez dies. Mexican writer.
• 1973 - Alley Baggett was born in Houston, Texas. American model.
• 1974 - Raul Lino dies (b. 21 Nov 1879). Portuguese architect.
• 1975 - Taboo (Jaime Gomez) was born. Musician (Black Eyed Peas).
• 1977 - Victoria, Crown Princess of Sweden
• 1984 - New Zealand elects the Fourth Labour Government bringing in David Lange as Prime Minister of New Zealand, and thus breaking nine years of National party governance under Robert Muldoon
• 1984 - Philippe Wynne dies (b. 1941). American musician.
• 1984 - Ernest Tidyman dies. American writer.
• 1989 - The 16th James Bond movie "License to Kill" premiers.
• 1991 - Leaders of the Group of Seven nations began gathering in London for their annual economic summit.
• 1992 - A major fire consumes an entire city block in tourist destination Gatlinburg, Tennessee, destroying the "Ripley's Believe It Or Not!" Museum and several other local businesses and attractions in the process.
• 1993 - Léo Ferré dies (b. 24 Aug 1916). Frenchmusicien and singer. / Morte do poeta e cantor francês Leo Ferré (n. 24 Ago 1916). (Nota pessoal : "Avec le temps", "La solitude", "C'est extra" - são canções inesquecíveis)
• 1994 - César Tovar dies (b. 1940). Venezuelan Major League Baseball player.
• 1997 - Spain: 1 million marchers protest ETA terrorism, Madrid.
• 1997 - A free Jean-Michel Jarre concert attracts 2 million, Paris, France.
• 1998 -Morre Richard McDonald, empresário norte-americano que criou a rede de restaurantes Mc Donald's, a maior do mundo.
• 1998 - Mário Sargedas dies in Lisbon (b. 1933). Portugueses actor. (Paraíso Perdido- 1995; "Vila Faia" -1982, TV Series; Fado Corrido-1964; Retalhos da Vida de Um Médico-1962...).
• 1999 - Gar Samuelson dies. Musician (Megadeth) .
• 2000 - The 13th International AIDS Conference comes to a close in Durban, South Africa.
• 2000 - William Roscoe Estep dies (b. 1920). American Baptist historian.
• 2000 - George Speight, the principal instigator of the Fiji coup of 2000, was arrested with 369 of his followers and charged with treason.
• 2001 - The International Olympic Committee votes for Beijing to be the host of the 2008 Olympics. This is the first time that China had been bestowed this honor.
• 2002 - During Bastille Day celebrations, Jacques Chirac escapes an assassination attempt unscathed.
• 2002 - Joaquín Vidella Balaguer y Ricardo dies (b. 01 Sep 1906). President of the Dominican Republic (1960-1962, 1966-1978, 1986-1996).
• 2002 - Qiqi dies. Longest-living captive Chinese river dolphin
• 2003 - André Claveau dies (b. 1911). French singer.
• 2003 - Tex Schramm dies (b. 1920). American football general manager.
• 2003 - Éva Janikovszky dies. Hungarian novellist
• 2004 - O guitarrista espanhol Paco de Lucía ganha o Prémio Príncipe de Astúrias.
• 2004 - O escritor mexicano José Emilio Pacheco ganha o Prémio Iberoamericano Pablo Neruda
• 2006 - Stargate SG-1 begins its tenth season, making it the longest-running science fiction series on American television.
• France and all French dependencies - Bastille Day
• Kiribati - Independence Day, 3rd day, not a holiday
• National DaySweden - Birthday of Victoria, Crown Princess of Sweden, an official flag day