On this day in History - Jul 04

• 0965 - Pope Benedict V dies
• 0993 - Saint Ulrich of Augsburg canonized.
• 1054 - A supernova is observed by the Chinese and Amerindians near the star ζ Tauri. For several months it remains bright enough to be seen during the day. Its remnants form the Crab Nebla.
• 1187 - Saladin defeats Guy of Lusignan, King of Jerusalem, at the Battle of Hattin.
• 1187 - Raynald of Chatillon, dies (executed)
• 1330 - Ashikaga Yoshiakira, was born (d. 1367). Ashikaga shogun.
• 1336 - A Rainha Isabel de Aragão, viúva de D. Dinis, morre em Estremoz, sendo o seu corpo transladado para o Convento de Santa Clara de Coimbra. Será canonizada em 25 de Maio de 1625 no pontificado de Urbano VIII.
• 1415 - Angelo Correr became Pope Gregory XII.
• 1546 - Murat III was born (d. 1595). Ottoman Emperor
• 1623 - William Byrd dies. English composer of sacred music (Ave verum corpus) .
• 1636 - City of Providence, Rhode Island forms.
• 1715 - Christian Gellert was born in Chemnitz, Saxony. German poet and fabulist.
• 1731 - António Dinis da Cruz e Silva was born in Lisbon (d. 5 Oct 1799). Portuguese poet and judge.
• 1761 - Samuel Richardson dies. English novelist.
• 1776 - American Revolutionary War: The Continental Congress approves a Declaration of Independence from the Kingdom of Great Britain forming the United States of America.
• 1790 - George Everest was born (d. 1 Dec 1866).
• 1795 - Francisco Bayeu y Subías dies. Painter.
• 1799 - Joseph François Oscar Bernadotte, was born (d. 1859). French general and King Oscar I of Sweden and Norway
• 1802 - At West Point, New York the United States Military Academy opens.
• 1803 - The Louisiana Purchase is announced to the American people.
• 1804 - Nathaniel Hawthorne was born (d. 1864). American writer.
• 1807 - Giuseppe Garibaldi was born (d. 1882). Italian patriot.
• 1817 - At Rome, New York, construction on the Erie Canal begins.
• 1821 - Richard Cosway dies (b. 1742). English artist .
• 1821 - D. João VI regressa a Portugal, chamado pelas Cortes Constituintes, reunidas em virtude da revolução de 1820.
• 1826 - Thomas Jefferson dies (b. 1743). 3rd President of the United States
• 1826 - John Adams dies (b. 1735) just a few hours after Jefferson. 2nd President of the United States
• 1826 - Fiftieth anniversary of the Declaration of Independence, on which John Adams and Thomas Jefferson, two of America's Founding Fathers, died. (Luther Martin, another Founding Father would die a few days later, on July 8, 1826.)
• 1826 - Stephen Foster was born (d. 1864). American songwriter
• 1831 - James Monroe dies (b. 1758). 5th President of the United States
• 1837 - Grand Junction Railway, world's first long-distance railway, opens between Birmingham and Liverpool.
• 1838 - The Iowa Territory is organized.
• 1838 - Colonel José Antonio Vidaurre, dies. Chilean revolutionary (shot)
• 1840 - The Cunard Line's 700 ton wooden paddlewheel steamer RMS Britannia departs from Liverpool bound for Halifax, Nova Scotia on the first transatlantic passenger cruise.
• 1845 - Near Concord, Massachusetts, Henry David Thoreau embarks on a two-year experiment in simple living at Walden Pond (see Walden).
• 1845 - Thomas Barnardo was born (d. 1905). Irish founder of homes for underprivileged children.
• 1847 - James Anthony Bailey was born (d. 1906). American circus impresario.
• 1848 - François-René de Chateaubriand dies (b. 1768). French writer and diplomat
• 1850 - William Kirby dies (b. 1759). English entomologist
• 1855 - In Brooklyn, New York, the first edition of Walt Whitman's book of poems titled Leaves of Grass is published.
• 1857 - William L. Marcy dies (b. 1786). American statesman
• 1859 - Franco-Piedmontese War: The Battle of Magenta.
• 1862 - Charles Lutwidge Dodgson (Lewis Carroll) goes on a boating picnic with Alice Liddell, who asks to be entertained with a story. This story would grow into Alice's Adventures in Wonderland and its sequels.
• 1863 - American Civil War: Battle of Vicksburg - Ulysses S. Grant and the Union Army capture the Confederate city Vicksburg, Mississippi after the town surrendered. The siege lasted 47 days.
• 1865 - Alice's Adventures in Wonderland is published. Charles Lutwidge Dodgson an English mathematician is best known under the pen name Lewis Carroll is the author.
• 1872 - Calvin Coolidge was born (d. 1933). 30th President of the United States.
• 1878 - George M. Cohan was born (d. 1942). American singer, dancer, composer, actor, and writer.
• 1880 - João Lúcio Pousão Pereira was born in Olhão (d. 27 Oct 1918). Portuguese poet and politician.
• 1881 - In Alabama, the Tuskegee Institute opens.
• 1882 - Joseph Brackett dies (b. 1797). Shaker religious leader and composer
• 1883 - Rube Goldberg was born (d. 1970). American cartoonist.
• 1884 - The Statue of Liberty was presented to the United States in ceremonies at Paris, France. The 225-ton, 152-foot statue was a gift from France in commemoration of 100 years of American independence. Created by the French sculptor Frederic AugusteBartholdi, the statue was installed on Bedloe Island (now Liberty Island) in New York harbor in 1885. It was dedicated on October 28, 1886.
• 1891 - Hannibal Hamlin, U.S. Vice President dies (b. 1809).
• 1894 - The short-lived Republic of Hawaii is proclaimed by Sanford B. Dole.
• 1901 - Johannes Schmidt dies (b. 1843). German linguist
• 1902 - Swami Vivekananda dies (b. 1863). Indian spiritual
• 1902 - Meyer Lansky was born (d.1983). Russian-born mobster.
• 1902 - George Murphy was born (d. 1992). American dancer, actor, and Senator from California.
• 1904 - Angela Baddeley was born (d. 1976). Actress.
• 1905 - Irving Johnson was born (d. 1991). Author, adventurer, sail training pioneer
• 1906 - Great Britain, France & Italy granted independence to Ethiopia.
• 1908 - Nasce no Porto, o poeta, professor e ensaísta Adolfo Casais Monteiro (m. 24 Jul 1972 , S. Paulo - Brasil )
• 1910 - Gloria Stuart was born. American actress
• 1910 - African-American boxer Jack Johnson knocks out white boxer Jim Jeffries in a heavyweight boxing match sparking race riots across the United States.
• 1910 - Giovanni Schiaparelli, dies (b. 1835). Italian astronomer.
• 1911 - Mitch Miller, was born. American bandleader and television personality
• 1917 - Manolete, was born (d. 1947). Spanish bullfighter
• 1918 - Ann Landers, was born (d. 2002). American advice
• 1918 - Abigail Van Buren, was born. American advice columnist and twin sister to Ann Landers
• 1918 - Ottoman sultan Mehmed VI ascends to the throne.
• 1918 - Ingmar Bergman, was born. Swedish film director.
• 1918 - Bolsheviks kill Tsar Nicholas II of Russia and his family (Julian calendar date).
• 1921 - Tibor Varga was born. Violinist and conductor
• 1923 - Rudolf Friedrich was born. Member of the Swiss Federal Council
• 1924 - Eva Marie Saint was born. American actress
• 1926 - Pier Giorgio Frassati dies (b. 1901) . Italian mountaineer.
• 1926 - Alfredo Di Stefano was born in Buenos Aires, Argentina. Argentinian/Spanish footballer. Considered one of the greatest players of all time (if not the greatest). Played for River Plate (Argentina), Huracán (Argentina), Millonarios (Colombia), Barcelona (Spain), Real Madrid (Spain) and Espanyol (Spain). Was the inspiration behind Real Madrid's five successive European Cups. He scored a goal in each of the first four finals and a hat-trick in the fifth, which resulted in a 7-3 win over Eintracht Frankfurt.
• 1927 - Gina Lollobrigida, was born. Italian actress
• 1927 - Initial flight of the Lockheed Vega.
• 1929 - Bill Tuttle, was born. Baseball player
• 1930 - George Steinbrenner, was born. American owner of the New York Yankees
• 1931 - Buddie Petit, dies. American jazz musician
• 1934 - Maria Skłodowska-Curie, dies (b. 1867). Polish-born scientist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in chemistry and physics.
• 1934 - Joe Louis wins his first professional boxing match.
• 1934 - Leo Szilard patents the chain-reaction design for the atomic bomb.
• 1937 - Falhou um atentado contra Salazar.
• 1937 - Hugo Carvana, was born. Brasilien actor.
• 1938 - Bill Withers, was born. American singer and songwriter
• 1939 - Lou Gehrig, recently diagnosed with Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, tells a crowd at Yankee Stadium that he considered himself "The luckiest man on the face of the earth" as he announces his retirement from major league baseball.
• 1941 - Mass murder of Polish scientists and writers, committed by Nazi Germans in captured Polish city of Lwów.
• 1942 - Floyd Little, was born. American football player
• 1943 - Konrad "Conny" Bauer, was born. German jazz trombonist
• 1943 - Geraldo Rivera, was born. American reporter and talk show host
• 1946 - Ed O'Ross, was born. American actor
• 1946 - Ron Kovic, was born. American peace activist
• 1946 - After 381 years of colonial rule, the Philippines is granted full independence by the United States
• 1948 - Morte de Monteiro Lobato. Grande escritor, infanto-juvenil, brasileiro
• 1950 - First broadcast by Radio Free Europe
• 1951 - Kathleen Kennedy Townsend, was born. American politician.
• 1952 - Álvaro Uribe Vélez, was born. President of Colombia (2002-2006).
• 1952 - Muere en la ciudad de México, el afamado novelista José Rubén Romero, quien naciera en Cotija de la Paz, Michoacán, en 1890.
• 1959 - With the admission of Alaska as the 49th U.S. state earlier in the year, the 49-star flag of the United States debuts in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
• 1960 - Due to the post-Independence Day admission of Hawaii as the 50th U.S. state on August 21, 1959, the 50-star flag of the United States debuts in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania almost ten and a half months later (see Flag Act).
• 1961 - Richard Garriott, was born. English video game designer
• 1966 - President Lyndon B. Johnson signs the Freedom of Information Act into United States law. The act goes into effect the next year.
• 1967 - Vinny Castilla, was born. Mexican baseball player
• 1970 - Barnett Newman, dies (b. 1905). American artist (b. 1905) .
• 1970 - Muere en la ciudad de México, el notable educador Donaciano Gutiérrez Garduño, quien naciera el 6 de septiembre de 1918, en Tlalchapa, Guerrero.
• 1971 - August Derleth, dies (b. 1909). American writer and editor.
• 1973 - Gackt, was born. Japanese singer
• 1973 - Justin Ring was born. Canadian Football League Linebacker
• 1974 - La'Roi Glover, was born. American football player
• 1975 - Georgette Heyer, dies (b. 1902). English author.
• 1976 - Antoni Słonimski, dies (b. 1895). Polish poet and writer.
• 1976 - Daijiro Kato, was born. Japanese motorcycle racer
• 1976 - Israeli commandos raid Entebbe airport in Uganda, rescuing most of the passengers and crew of an Air France jetliner seized by pro-Palestinian hijackers.
• 1976 - The citizens of the United States celebrate their country's bicentennial.
• 1986 - Oscar Zariski, dies (b. 1899). Russian mathematician.
• 1986 - Shane Kippel, was born. Canadian actor.
• 1987 - In France, former Gestapo chief Klaus Barbie (aka the "Butcher of Lyon") is convicted of crimes against humanity and is sentenced to life imprisonment.
• 1989 - 14-year-old actress Drew Barrymore attempts suicide.
• 1990 - On 214th anniversary of the United States Declaration of Independence, Die Hard 2: Die Harder is the second Die Hard movie to open in theaters, starring Bruce Willis.
• 1991 - En Colombia, Constitución política de Colombia es expedida por la Asamblea Nacional Constituyente. Se le conoce como Constitución del 91.
• 1991 - Dr. Victor Chang, dies murdered (b. 1936). Australian physician.
• 1992 - Astor Piazzolla dies (11 Feb 1992). Argentine musician.
• 1993 - (soccer) The Argentine national football team wins the Copa América 1993 championship game 2-1 against Jorge Campos' Mexico national football team in Guayaquil.
• 1993 - Pete Sampras won the men's title at Wimbledon, defeating American Jim Courier.
• 1994 - Roberto Burle-Marx, dies (b. 1909). Brasilien architect and painter.
• 1995 - British Prime Minister John Major won re-election as Conservative Party leader.
• 1995 - Eva Gabor, dies (b. 11 Feb 1919). Hungarian-born actress.
• 1997 - Charles Kuralt, dies (b. 1934). American television reporter.
• 1997 - NASA's Pathfinder space probe lands on the surface of Mars.
• 1998 - Lin "Spit" Newborn and Daniel Shersty are murdered by neonazis in the desert just outside Las Vegas, Nevada, USA.
• 1999 - Pete Sampras and Lindsay Davenport won the singles titles at Wimbledon, defeating Andre Agassi and Steffi Graf.
• 2002 - Three people are shot at the El Al check-in booth at Los Angeles International Airport. The gunman is shot and killed by a security officer.
• 2002 - A Prestige Airlines cargo Boeing 707 crashes just short of the runway in Bangui, Central African Republic killing 25
• 2002 - Benjamin O. Davis Jr., dies (b. 1912). U.S. general
• 2003 - Barry White, dies (b. 1944). American singer and record producer.
• 2004 - Jean-Marie Auberson, dies (b. 1920). Swiss conductor.
• 2004 - The cornerstone of the Freedom Tower is lain on the site of the World Trade Center in New York City. (This was largely a symbolic event; actual construction would not start for several weeks) .
• 2004 - Afghan President Hamid Karzai issued a decree ordering death penalty for criminals who remove body parts from kidnapped children.
• 2004 - Final do Euro 2004 de futebol em Lisboa com a Grécia a sagrar-se (inesperadamente) Campeã batendo Portugal por 1-0 , acabando o Campeonato como havia começado (na Abertura 2-1).
• 2005-The Deep Impact collider will hit the comet, Tempel 1
• United States - Independence Day (1776)
• Filipino-American Friendship Day
• Portugal: Feriado Municipal em Coimbra