On this day in History - Apr. 8

• 0563 BC - Gautama Buddha, was born (d. 483 BC). Religious leader.
• 0217 - Caracalla dies assassinated (b. 0186). Roman Emperor.
• 0956 - Gilbert of Chalon dies. Duke of Burgundy
• 1139 - Ruggero II é excomungado.
• 1141 - Matilde de Inglaterra, emperatriz consorte del Sacro Imperio, es reconocida como "dama de Inglaterra y de Normandía".
• 1143 - John II Comnenus dies (b. 1087). Byzantine Emperor
• 1271 - Siria, el sultán Baybars conquista el castillo de los Hermanos Hospitalarios de San Juan, hoy conocido como Krak de los Caballeros.
• 1320 - King Peter I of Portugal was born (d. 1367) .
• 1336 - Tamerlán was born. Soberano mongol .
• 1341 - Francesco Petrarca crowned in Rome .
• 1364 - King John II of France dies (b. 1319) .
• 1378 - Bartolomeo Prignano elected as Pope Urban VI .
• 1378 - La elección de dos papas provoca el cisma de occidente que durará 39 años.
• 1455 - Se elije como papa al cardenal Alfonso de Borja, que llevará el nombre de Calixto III.
• 1460 - Ponce de Léon was born. Spanish, first European to land in Florida (near St. Augustine)
• 1461 - Georg Purbach dies (b. 1423). German mathematician and astronomer
• 1492 - Lorenzo de Medici dies (b. 1449). Italian statesman and de facto ruler of the Florentine Republic (b. 1449) .
• 1513 - Ponce de León toma posesión de Florida en nombre de los reyes de España .
• 1533 - Claudio Merulo was born (d. 1604). Italian composer.
• 1541 - Michele Mercati was born (d. 1593). Italian physician and gardener.
• 1546 - El Concilio de Trento adopta la Vulgata como versión oficial de La Biblia.
• 1586 - Martin Chemnitz dies (b. 1522). Lutheran reformer and theologian.
• 1587 - John Foxe dies (b. 1516). English writer.
• 1605 - King Philip IV of Spain (III of Portugal) was born (d.1665) / Nascia o que veio a ser o Rei Filipe IV de Espanha, III de Portugal
• 1631 - Cornelis Janszoon de Heem was born (d. 17 May 1695).Dutch painter specialized in Still Life.
• 1641 - Henry Sydney, 1st Earl of Romney was born (d. 1704). English statesman.
• 1655 - Nascia Luis Guillermo I, margrave de Baden .
• 1691 - Carlo Rainaldi dies (b. 1611). Italian architect.
• 1692 - Giuseppe Tartini was born (d. 1770). Italian composer and violinist.
• 1695 - Johann Christian Günther was born. German poet.
• 1697 - Niels Juel dies (b. 1629). Danish admiral.
• 1701 - Las Cortes Españolas reconocen a Felipe V de Borbón como rey de España.
• 1704 - Hiob Ludolf dies (b. 1624). German orientalist
• 1704 - Henry Sydney, 1st Earl of Romney dies (b. 1641). English statesman
• 1725 - John Wise dies (b. 1652). English clergyman.
• 1730 - Shearith Israel, the first synagogue in New York City, is dedicated.
• 1736 - Pedro Vaz Rego dies (b. 1673). Portugueses composer.
• 1742 - José Basílio da Gama. Brazilian- born Portuguese poet (O Uraguai)
• 1742 - The first performance of George Frideric Handel's oratorio The Messiah, in Dublin.
• 1767 - Ayutthaya kingdom fell to Burmese invaders.
• 1776 - Nace Vasili Golovnin, oficial de la marina y explorador científico ruso.
• 1783- La zarina Catalina II anexa Crimea a Rusia.
• 1795 - August von Bethmann-Hollweg, was born.
• 1802 - Promulgación del concordato firmado entre Napoleón Bonaparte y el papa Pio VII.
• 1815 - Andrew Graham was born († 05 Nov 1908). Irish astronomer.
• 1818 - Christian IX de Dinamarca, rey de Dinamarca .
• 1818 - August Wilhelm von Hofmann, was born. German Chemist.
• 1820 - The Venus de Milo is discovered on the Aegean island of Melos.
• 1832 - Alfred Waldersee was born. Prussian fieldmarshal.
• 1832 - Black Hawk War: Around 300 United States 6th Infantry troops leave Jefferson Barracks, St. Louis to fight the Sauk Native Americans.
• 1835 - Wilhelm von Humboldt, dies. German erudit and politician.
  1838 - Iniciou-se a primeira carreia regular de transatlânticos, entre Bristol e Nova Iorque
• 1842 - Elizabeth Bacon Custer, was born. Wife of George Armstrong Custer .
• 1848 - Gaetano Donizetti dies (b. 1797). Italian composer.
• 1857 - Mangal Pandey dies. Indian soldier
• 1859 - Edmund Husserl was born (d. 1938). Austrian philosopher.
• 1861 - Irving Ramsey Wiles was born in Utica, New York (d. 1948). US painter, mostly of portraits.
• 1864 - American Civil War: Battle of Mansfield - Union General Nathaniel Banks' Red River Campaign is thwarted by Confederate General Richard Taylor's forces at Mansfield, Louisiana.
• 1865 - Charles W. Woodworth was born (d. 1940). American entomologist
• 1866 - Fritz Mackensen was born. Germain painter.
• 1867 - Se inaugura en París, Francia, la primera Esposición Universal .
• 1867 - Sir Arthur Ernest Streeton was born (d. 02 Sep 1943). Australian painter, specialized in Landscapes.
• 1868 - King Christian IX of Denmark was born (d. 1906) .
• 1869 - American Museum of Natural History opens (New York NY) .
• 1871 - Muere por contagio en sus servicios médicos durante la epidemia de fiebre amarilla, el Dr. Francisco Javier Muñiz, precursor de la paleontología argentina.
• 1872 - Ivan Bloch was born (d. 1922) physician.
• 1874 - Stanisław Taczak was born. Polish general, commander-in-chief of the Greater Poland Uprising (1918-1919) against the Germans (d.1960) .
• 1875 - King Albert I of Belgium was born (d. 1934) .
• 1876 - Amiliare Ponchielli's opera "La Gioconda", premieres in Milan .
• 1879 - Heinrich Reimers was born.
• 1886 - William Ewart Gladstone introduces the first Home Rule bill into the House of Commons.
• 1889 - Sir Adrien Boult was born (d. 1983). English conductor (director de la BBC Symphony Orchestra).
• 1892 - Mary Pickford was born (d. 1979). Actress, studio founder. Her biography in pdf file
• 1892 - Richard Joseph Neutra was born. Architect.
• 1893 - First recorded college basketball game occurs in Beaver Falls, Pennsylvania when the Geneva College Covenanters defeated the New Brighton YMCA.
• 1894 - Raymond Schwartz, was born. French comedian.
• 1895 - The United States Supreme Court declared income tax to be unconstitutional in Pollock v. Farmers' Loan & Trust Co.
• 1895 - Manuel Joaquim Pinheiro Chagas dies (b. 13 Nov 1842 in Lisbon, Portugal). Portuguese writer and politician.
• 1898 - Nascimento de Teresa Neumann (m. 18 Set 1962). Mística.
• 1899 - Martha Place becomes the first woman to be executed in an electric chair.
• 1902 - Hermann Ahrens, was born. German politician.
• 1904 - John Hicks was born (d. 1989). British economist, Bank of Sweden Prize winner
• 1904 - France and the United Kingdom sign the Entente cordiale.
• 1904 - Longacre Square in Midtown Manhattan is renamed Times Square after The New York Times.
• 1905 - Helen Joseph was born (d. 1992). South African anti-apartheid activist.
• 1905 - Erwin Keller was born. German field hockey player
• 1906 - Tratado de Algeciras entre a França e a Espanha, estabelecendo as respectivas zonas de controlo do Protectorado sobre Marrocos.
• 1908 - Hugo Fregonese was born (d. 1987). Argentine film director
• 1910 - The Los Angeles Motordome opened near Playa del Rey, California.
• 1911 - Melvin Calvin was born (d. 1997). American chemist.
• 1911 - Emil Cioran was born (d. 1995). Romanian philosopher and essayist.
• 1912 - Sonja Henie was born (d. 1969). Olympic and World Champion figure skater .
• 1912 - Alois Brunner was born. Austrian Nazi.
• 1912 - Sonja Henie was born (d. 1969). Norwegian figure skater.
• 1913 - The Seventeenth Amendment to the United States Constitution is ratified requiring direct election of Senators.
• 1914 - María Félix was born. Mexican actress.
• 1914 - US and Colombia sign a treaty concerning the Panamá Canal Zone .
• 1916 - In Corona, California, auto racer Bob Burman crashed through a crowd barrier at the last Boulevard Race, killing himself, his mechanic and a track policeman, and badly injuring five spectators.
• 1918 - World War I: Actors Douglas Fairbanks, Sr. and Charlie Chaplin sell war bonds on the streets of New York, New York's financial district.
• 1918 - Betty Ford, was born. First Lady of the United States
• 1918 - Glendon Swarthout was born (d. 1992). Award-winning American author.
• 1919 - Ian Smith was born. Prime Minister of Rhodesia
• 1919 - Loránd Eötvös dies (b. 1848). Hungarian physicist.
• 1920 - Charles Tomlinson Griffes dies (b. 1884). American composer.
• 1921 - Franco Corelli was born (d. 2003). Italian tenor.
• 1922 - Erich von Falkenhayn, dies. German militar.
• 1923 - Tom Ford was born. American industrialist.
• 1923 - George Fisher was born (d. 2003). American cartoonist.
• 1923 - Edward Mulhare was born (d. 1997). Irish actor.
• 1925 - Helmut Schmid was born in Neu-Ulm, Germany (d. 18 July 1992). Actor.
• 1926 - Jürgen Moltmann was born. German theologian.
• 1928 - John Gavin was born. American actor and U.S. Ambassador to Mexico.
• 1928 - Se juega el primer Clásico del fútbol peruano entre los equipos de Alianza Lima y Universitario de Deportes.
• 1929 - Walter Berry was born (d. 2000). Austrian bass-baritone.
• 1929 - Jacques Brel was born (d. 1978). French singer and composer.
• 1929 - Renzo de Felice was born. Italian historian.
• 1929 - Los activistas favorables a la independencia de la India, Bhagat Singh y Batukeshwar Dutt, reparten octavillas y bombas en los pasillos de la Asamblea Central en Delhi sin causar heridos.
• 1929 - Indian Independence Movement At Delhi Central Assembly, Bhagat Singh and Batukeshwar Dutt threw handouts, and bombs in a corridor not to cause injury and courted arrest.
• 1930 - Carlos Hugo of Bourbon-Parma, Duke of Parma was born. French-born fascist
• 1931 - Erik Axel Karlfeldt dies (b. 1864). Swedish poet. Nobel Prize 1931.
• 1932 - Jean-Paul Rappeneau was born in Auxerre. French director.
• 1933 - Fred Ebb was born (d. 2004). American composer.
• 1934 - Kurokawa Kisho was born. Japanese architect
• 1935 - Avi Primor was born in Tel Aviv. Israeli diplomat and publicist.
• 1935 - Ted de Braak was born. Dutch TV presenter and cabaret actor
• 1935 - The Works Progress Administration is formed when the Emergency Relief Appropriation Act of 1935 becomes law.
• 1936 - Klaus Löwitsch was born. German actor.
• 1936 - Robert Bárány dies (b. 1876). Austrian physician, Nobel Prize winner in medicine.
• 1937 - Seymour Hersh was born. American journalist .
• 1938 - Joe "King" Oliver dies (b. 1885). American jazz musician.
• 1938 - Kofi Annan was born. United Nations Secretary General .
• 1938 - Em França, a Frente Popular dissolveu-se .
• 1940 - John Havlicek was born. Basketball star .
• 1940 - Álvaro Domecq Romero was born in Jerez de la Frontera, Cádiz, Andalucía, Spain. Rejoneador bullfighter.
• 1941 - Eugene Marcel Prévost dies (b. 1 May 1862). French author, writer and dramatist.
• 1941 - Vivienne Westwood was born. English fashion designer.
• 1942 - Roger Chapman was born in Leicester. British rock singer.
• 1942 - World War II: Siege of Leningrad - Soviet Union forces open a much-needed railway link to Leningrad.
• 1943 - Miller Farr was born. American football player.
• 1943 - Michael Bennett was born (d. 1987). American dancer, choreographer, and theater director.
• 1944 - Christoph Hein was born. German writer .
• 1944 - Barbara Kingsolver was born. American writer.
• 1945 - No Brasil é fundado o Partido Social-Democrata (PSD) por interventores estaduais nomeados por Getulio Vargas durante o Estado Novo.
• 1945 - Hans von Dohnanyi, morre. Jurista e lutador da resistencia alemã.
• 1945 - Melitta Gräfin Schenk von Stauffenberg, dies. German pilot and engineer.
• 1945 - Lizzi Waldmüller, dies. German actress.
• 1945 - At the POW camp at Flossenbürg, pastor and theologian Dietrich Bonhoeffer is hanged.
• 1945 - El pastor y teólogo Dietrich Bonhoeffer es colgado en el campo de prsioneros de guerra de Flossenbürg.
• 1946 - League of Nations assembles for last time .
• 1946 - Catfish Hunter was born. Baseball pitcher .
• 1946 - Tim Thomerson was born. American actor .
• 1947 - Tom DeLay was born. American politician
• 1947 - Steve Howe was born. British rock guitarist (Yes, Asia, GTR)
• 1947 - Robert Kiyosaki was born. American investor, businessman, and writer
• 1947 - Larry Norman was born. American singer and songwriter
• 1947 - Pascal Lamy was born. French politician.
• 1948 - Patty Pravo was born. Italian singer.
• 1948 - Danuta Hübner was born. Polish politician.
• 1949 - Reg Isidor was born. British musician.
• 1949 - John Madden was born in Portsmouth, Hampshire. English director and actor.
• 1949 - Brenda Russell was born. American singer and songwriter
• 1949 - Ulrich Salchow was borm. Swedish skier.
• 1950 - Vaslav Nijinsky dies (b. 1890). Polish-born ballet dancer.
• 1950 - India y Pakistán firman el Pacto de Delhi .
• 1950 - Grzegorz Lato was born. Former Polish footbal (soccer) player
• 1951 - Mel Schacher was born. American musician.
• 1951 - Gerd Andres was born. German politician.
• 1952 - In a radio address to the nation from the White House, President Harry S. Truman calls for the seizure of all steel mills in the United States in order to prevent a nationwide strike.
• 1953 - Mau Mau leader Jomo Kenyatta is convicted by Kenya's British rulers.
• 1954 - Gary Carter was born. Baseball catcher.
• 1954 - Un avión de pasajeros a reacción, un Havilland DH 106 Comet, cae cerca de Nápoles produciendo 21 victimas mortales. Es el segundo en cuatro meses.
• 1955 - Joolz Denby was born. English poet and novelist.
• 1955 - Barbara Kingsolver was born. American novelist.
• 1957 - Andrea Ypsilanti was born.
• 1957 - Egipto, se reabre el canal de Suez .
• 1959 - Se constituye el Banco Interamericano de Desarrollo BID, organismo financiero con sede en Washington Estados Unidos, formado por todos los países pertenecientes a la Organización de Estados Americanos OEA.
• 1960 - John Schneider was born. American actor
• 1962 - Izzy Stradlin was born. American musician (Guns N' Roses)
• 1963 - 35th Academy Awards - "Lawrence of Arabia", Anne Bancroft & Gregory Peck win
• 1963 - Julian Lennon was born. British musician and singer
• 1963 - Alec Stewart was born. British cricketer
• 1964 - Biz Markie was born. American rapper and disc jockey.
• 1965 - Lars Hanson, dies (b. 1886). Swedish actor.
• 1966 - Robin Wright Penn was born. American actress.
• 1966 - Mazinho was born. Brazilian football player.
• 1966 - Bobby Ologun, Nigerian television personality and martial artist.
• 1966 - OAO 1, the 1st orbiting astronomical observatory, is launched.
• 1966 Leonid Brezhnev elected Secretary-General of communist party .
• 1966 - Robin Wright Penn was born in Dallas, Texas. American actress .
• 1966 - El comité central del partido comunista de la Unión Soviética elije de forma unánime a Leonid Brezhnev como secretario general.
• 1967 - In Vienna, Austria, Sandie Shaw wins the twelfth Eurovision Song Contest for the United Kingdom singing "Puppet on a String".
• 1968 - Patricia Arquette was born. American actress.
• 1968 - New socialist constitution of East Germany takes effect .
• 1968 - 40th Academy Awards postponed to April 10th due to death of Martin Luther King Jr.
• 1969 - Nascimento de Arabella Kiesbauer. Apresentadora austríaca de televisão .
• 1971 - a 6 pound meteorite struck the home of Robert and Wanda Donahue in Wethersfield, Connecticut .
• 1971 - Chino XL was born. American rapper.
• 1972 - Paul Grey was born. American bassist (Slipknot)
• 1972 - Kjell Isaksson, Suecia, bate con 5,51 m el record del mundo de salto de altura masculino.
• 1973 - Pablo Picasso [Pablo Diego José Francisco de Paula Juan Nepomuceno Maria de Los Remedios Cipriano de la Santissima Trinidad Ruiz y Picasso] dies. Spanish painter and sculptor, born on 25 October 1881. Picasso is generally considered the greatest artist of the 20th century. He was unique as an inventor of forms, as an innovator of styles and techniques, as a master of various media, and as one of the most prolific artists in history. He created more than 20'000 works.
• 1973 - Durante la noche, se suceden 32 atentados en la isla de Chipre. Se ignora si son obra de los guerrilleros de George Grivas o de los secuaces del arzobispo Makarios.
• 1974 - At the Atlanta-Fulton County Stadium, Hank Aaron breaks baseball great's Babe Ruth's record by hitting his 715th home run.
• 1975 - Frank Robinson of the Cleveland Indians manages his first game as major league baseball's first African American manager.
• 1975 - Vietnam War: After spending a week in South Vietnam, U.S. Army Chief of Staff Frederick Weyand gives a report to the U.S. Congress that South Vietnam will fall without additional military aid.
• 1975 - Anouk Teeuwe, was born. Dutch singer.
• 1975 - Timo Pérez was born. Dominican Major League Baseball player.
• 1975 - 47th Academy Awards - "Godfather II", Ellen Burstyn & Art Carney win.
• 1976 - Tieme Klompe was born. Dutch soccer player .
• 1977 - Mark Spencer was born. Computer programmer .
• 1978 - Ford Frick dies. Baseball commissioner
• 1979 - People's Republic of China joins IOC .
• 1979 - Alexi Laiho was born. Finnish guitarist and singer (Children of Bodom)
• 1980 - Manuel Ortega was born. Austrian singer
• 1980 - Katee Sackhoff was born. American actress
• 1980 - Portugal: O Conselho da Revolução considera inconstitucional o diploma do governo da AD, dirigido por Sá Carneiro, que visa alterar a delimitação dos sectores público e privado.
• 1980 - Manuel Ortega was born. Austrian singer .
• 1981 - Adam Brody was born in San Diego, Califórnia. American actor.
• 1981 - Eric Rodgers dies (b. 25 Sep 1921). English composer.
• 1981 - Morre Elvira Velez (nasceu em 19 November 1892 em Lisboa, Portugal). Actriz [ Pupilas do Senhor Reitor, As (1961); Encontro com a Vida (1960); Primo Basílio, O (1959); Agora É Que São Elas (1954) ; Três Mosqueteiros sketch, Comissário de Polícia, O (1953); Duas Causas (1953) ; Três Dias Sem Deus (1946) ; Um Homem às Direitas (1945) ; Sorte Grande (1938) ; Aldeia da Roupa Branca (1938) ].
• 1982 - Judy Star was born. Canadian pornographic film actress
• 1983 - Omar Bradley dies (b. 1893). U. S. general.
• 1984 - Taran Noah Smith was born. Actor.
• 1984 - Pyotr Leonidovich Kapitsa dies ((b. 1894). Russian physicist, Nobel Prize laureate.
• 1985 - J. Fred Coots dies (b. 1897). American songwriter.
• 1985 - Bhopal disaster: India files suit against Union Carbide for the disaster which killed an estimated 2,000 and injured another 200,000.
• 1986 - Clint Eastwood is elected mayor of Carmel-by-the-Sea, California receiving 72% of the vote (voter turnout was also doubled over the previous mayoral election).
• 1986 - Erika Sawajiri was born. Japanese actress and model.
• 1986 - Igor Akinfeev was born. Russian football player
• 1987 - Los Angeles Dodgers executive Al Campanis resigns amid great controversy over racially-charged remarks he had made while on Nightline.
• 1989 - South Africa In Johannesburg, the Progressive Federal Party, Independent party, National Democratic Movement and the force of "Ontevrede Afrikaners" or dissatisfied Afrikaners merged to form the Democratic Party.
• 1990 - Twin Peaks premieres.
• 1990 - Ryan White dies (b. 1971). American AIDS activist.
• 1990 - 54th Golf Masters Championship Nick Faldo wins, shooting a 278 .
• 1991 - Per Yngve "Dead" Ohlin dies. Norwegian musician (black metal)
• 1992 - Daniel Bovet dies (b. 1907). Swiss-born pharmacologist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine
• 1992 - Após testes de impressão digital, as autoridades alemãs e israelitas afirmam estar certos que o nazista Josef Mengele morreu no Brasil, em 1979.
• 1992 - Retired tennis great Arthur Ashe announces to the world that he has AIDS, acquired from blood transfusions during one of his two heart surgeries.
• 1993 - La República de Macedonia se convierte en miembro de la ONU.
• 1993 - Marian Anderson dies (b. 1897). American contralto.
• 1994 - Body of Kurt Cobain discovered in his Washington home after having died three days earlier. Singer
• 1994 - Juan Pablo II inaugura la restaurada Capilla Sixtina, cuyas obras de restauración duraron trece años.
• 1994 - Japan's premier Morihiro Hosokawa resigns .
• 1995 - Patricia Arquette / Nicolas Cage wed .
• 1995 Portugal: Em Santa Maria da Feira é inaugurado o Centro de Congressos do Europarque, empreendimento da AIPortuense.
• 1996 - Ben Johnson dies (b. 1918). American actor.
• 1997 - Laura Nyro dies (B. 1947). American singer and composer.
• 1999 - Haryana Gana Parishad, a political party in the Indian state of Haryana, merges with the Indian National Congress.
• 2000 - Claire Trevor dies (b. 1910). American actress.
• 2000 - A U.S. Marine Corps V-22 Osprey crashes during landing at Marana, Arizona killing 19.
• 2001 - 65th Golf Masters Championship Winner: Tiger Woods
• 2002 - Maria Felix dies (b. 1914). Mexican actress .
• 2002 - Ed McMahon files a US$20 million lawsuit against his insurance company and others regarding a toxic mold infecting McMahon's Beverly Hills, California home.
• 2002 - Mark Shuttleworth the second space tourist was officially introduce to Russian and foreign journalists at the preflight press conference in Star City.
• 2002 - Launched Minuteman-3 the intercontinental ballistic missile.
• 2002 - Atlantis Space Shuttle manned by Bloomfield Michael John, Frick Stephen Nathaniel, Wailheim Rex Joseph, Ochoa Ellen Lauri, Morin Lee Miller, Ross Jerry Lynn, Smith Steven Lee was launched.
• 2003 - José Couso, camarógrafo español y Taras Prostyuk camarógrafo de Reuters, mueren como consecuencia del ataque de un tanque de Estados Unidos al Hotel Palestina de Bagdad.
• 2003 - Anita Borg dies (b. 1949). American computer scientist .
• 2003 - Maki Ishii dies. Japanese composer.
• 2003 - Franz Rosenthal dies. German distinguished semitist, arabist and Islamist. President of the AOS
• 2003 - Las tropas inglesas ocupan Bassora en la segunda guerra de Iraq.
• 2004 - Bruce Edwards dies (b. 1954). Golf caddy
• 2004 - Darfur conflict: The Humanitarian Ceasefire Agreement is signed by the Sudanese government and two rebel groups.
• 2004 - Herb Andress dies (b. 10 Jan 1935). Austrian actor.
• 2004 - En las elecciones de Argelia, la lucha entre el presidente saliente Abdelaziz Bouteflika y el ex primer ministro Ali Benflis, que ha dividido al Frente Nacional Argelino, se resuelve a favor del primero, bajo fuertes sospechas de fraude electoral.
• 2004 - Condoleeza Rice encargada de la seguridad interna de EEUU, declara ante los jueces que investigan las responsabilidades del gobierno por los ataques del 11 de septiembre.
• 2005 - Funeral of Pope John Paul II .
• Worldwide Roma Nation Day
  Buddha's Birthday in Japan