On this day in History - Mar. 5

• 0254 -St Lucius I ends his reign as Catholic Pope
• 1046 - Naser Khosrow begins his "itinerary" which he would later describe in Safarnameh.
• 1133 - King Henry II of England was born (d. 1189).
• 1152 - Friedrich I (Friedrich Barbarossa) is elected the German Holy Roman Emperor.
• 1291 - Sa'ad al'Da'ulah, Jewish grand vizier of Persia, was assassinated.
• 1324 - King David II of Scotland was born (d. 1371).
• 1461 - Em Inglaterra, Eduardo IV ascendeu ao trono.
• 1496 - England King Henry VII issued letters patent to John Cabot and his sons, authorizing them to discover of unknown lands.
• 1512 - Gerardus Mercator was born (d. 1594). Flemish cartographer.
• 1534 - Antonio da Correggio dies (b. 1489). Italian painter.
• 1539 - Nuno da Cunha dies (b. 1487). Portuguese governor in India.
• 1558 - Smoking tobacco introduced in Europe by Francisco Fernandes.
• 1563 - John Coke was born (d. 1644). English politician.
• 1575 - William Oughtred was born. English mathematician.
• 1585 - John George I, Elector of Saxony was born (d. 1656)
• 1605 - Pope Clement VIII dies.
• 1611 - Shimazu Yoshihisa dies (b. 1533). Japanese daimyo and samurai.
• 1616 - La Iglesia Católica condena el libro de Copérnico que contiene sus teorías stronómicas.
• 1622 - Ranuccio Farnese I dies (b. 1569). Duke of Parma.
• 1658 - Antoine Laumet de La Mothe, sieur de Cadillac was born (d. 1730). French explorer
• 1689 - Daniel Finch, 2nd Earl of Nottingham is named Secretary of State for the Northern Department.
• 1693 - Johann Jakob Wettstein was born (d. 1754). Swiss theologian.
• 1696 - Giovanni Battista Tiepolo was born (d. 1770). Italian painter.
• 1726 - Evelyn Pierrepont, dies, 1st Duke of Kingston-upon-Hull.
• 1748 - Jonas C. Dryander was born (d. 1810). Swedish botanist.
• 1748 - William Shield was born (d. 1829). English musician
• 1750 - Jean-Baptiste Gaspard d'Ansse de Villoison was born (d. 1805). French classical scholar.
• 1766 - Antonio de Ulloa, the first Spanish governor of Louisiana, arrives in New Orleans
• 1770 - Boston Massacre: Five Americans, including Crispus Attucks, are killed by British troops in an event that would help start the American Revolutionary War five years later.
• 1784 - Thomas Townshend, 1st Viscount Sydney is named President of the Board of Trade in its second iteration.
• 1790 - Flora Macdonald dies. Jacobite heroine
• 1793 - French troops are defeated by Austrian forces and Liege is recaptured.
• 1794 - Jacques Babinet was born (d. 1872). French physicist.
• 1814 - Wilhelm von Giesebrecht,was born (d. 1889). German historian
• 1815 - John Wentworth was born (d. 1888). American politician.
• 1815 - Franz Mesmer dies. Developer of hypnotism
• 1817 - Austen Henry Layard was born (d. 1894). English archaeologist, excavator of Nineveh
• 1821 - James Monroe is inaugurated for a second term as President of the United States.
• 1824 - First Burmese War: The British officially declares war on Burma.
• 1827 - Alessandro Volta dies. Physicist ("Volt" electricity unity is called from his name).
• 1827 - Pierre-Simon Laplace dies. Mathematician.
• 1829 - John Adams dies. Last surviving Bounty mutineer.
• 1836 - Samuel Colt makes the first production-model revolver (.34-caliber).
• 1836 - Charles Goodnight was born (d. 1929). American cattle rancher
• 1842 - Over 500 Mexican troops led by Rafael Vasquez invade Texas, briefly occupy San Antonio and then head back to the Rio Grande. This is the first such invasion since the Texas revolution.
• 1848 - Se establece en Francia el sufragio universal.
• 1848 - Louis Antoine Garnier-Pages named French minister of Finance.
• 1849 - Zachary Taylor is inaugurated as the 12th President of the United States.
• 1849 - David Scott dies. Painter.
• 1850 - The Britannia Bridge across the Menai Strait between the Isle of Anglesey and the mainland of Wales was opened.
• 1851 - Václav Brožík was born. Artist.
• 1853 - Howard Pyle was born (d. 1911). American author and illustrator.
• 1854 - El general Justo José de Urquiza accede a la Presidencia de la Confederación Argentina.
• 1856 - Covent Garden Opera House destroyed in a fire .
• 1858 - José Mascarenhas Relvas was born in Golegã. (d. 1929). Portuguese politician and Prime Minister. / Nasceu, na Golegã, o político e diplomata português José Masdscarenhas Relvas
• (m. 1929 em Alpiarça).
• 1860 - Parma, Tuscany, Modena and Romagna vote in referenda to join Kingdom of Sardinia.
• 1860 - Isabel II crea por decreto la Meteorología oficial en España.
• 1860 - Santiago Derqui asume la presidencia de la Confederación Argentina, al terminar el mandato del presidente Urquiza.
• 1861 - The "Stars and Bars" is adopted as the flag of the Confederate States of America.
• 1861 - Montgomery Blair is named 23rd Postmaster General of the United States by Abraham Lincoln.
• 1864 - For the first time, Oxford met Cambridge in track and field competition in England.
• 1867 - Little River County, Arkansas is organized in the United States.
• 1867 - Louis-Alexandre Taschereau was born. Premier of Quebec.
• 1868 - A court of impeachment is organized in the United States Senate to hear charges against President Andrew Johnson.
• 1868 - Mefistofele, an opera by Arrigo Boito premieres at La Scala.
• 1869 - Michael von Faulhaber was born (d. 1952). German cardinal and archbishop.
• 1870 - Frank Norris was born (d. 1902). American writer
• 1871 - Rosa Luxemburg was born. Socialist revolutionary.
• 1872 - George Westinghouse patents the air brake.
• 1873 - Olav Bjaaland was born (d. 1961). Norwegian explorer and cross-country skier.
• 1874 - Henry Travers was born (d. 1965). British actor.
• 1876 - Marie d'Agoult dies. Writer.
• 1877 - Rutherford B. Hayes is publicly inaugurated as the 19th President of the United States (he was privately inaugurated on March 3)..
• 1879 - William Beveridge was born (d. 1963). British economist.
• 1886 - Dong Biwu was born. Founder of the Communist Party of China.
• 1887 - Heitor Villa-Lobos was born (d. 1959). Brazilian composer.
• 1893 - Hippolyte Taine dies. Historian.
• 1894 - Archibald Philip Primrose, 5th Earl of Rosebery becomes First Lord of the Treasury.
• 1895 - Henry Rawlinson, dies, soldier.
• 1896 - Italian premier Crispi resigns.
• 1897 - Madame Chiang Kai-Shek was born (d. 2003). Chinese political figure.
• 1897 - Set Persson was born (d. 1960). Swedish communist politician.
• 1898 - Soong May-ling was born (d. 2003). Chinese wife of Chiang Kai-Shek
• 1898 - Zhou Enlai was born (d. 1976). Premier of the People's Republic of China.
• 1900 - American Hall of Fame is founded .
• 1903 - George Francis Robert Henderson dies, soldier.
• 1904 - Nikola Tesla, in Electrical World and Engineer, describes the process of ball lightning formation.
• 1904 - Karl Rahner was born (d. 1984). German theologian.
• 1905 - Günther Lüders was born (d. 1975). Actor and film director.
• 1905 - Russian troops begin to retreat from Mukden, Manchuria after losing 100,000 troops in three days.
• 1907 - The second Duma opens in St. Petersburg, Russia and 40,000 demonstrators have to be dispersed by Russian troops.
• 1907 - Friedrich Blass dies. Scholar.
• 1908 - Rex Harrison was born. English actor (My Fair Lady, Dr Doolittle).
• 1908 - Irving Fiske was born (d. 1990). American writer, playwright.
• 1910 - Józef Marcinkiewicz was born. Polish mathematician.
• 1912 - Spanish steamer "Principe de Asturias" sinks NE of Spain, 500 die .
• 1912 - Italian forces are the first to use airships for military purposes, using them for reconnaissance west of Tripoli behind Turkish lines.
• 1915 - World War I: LZ 33, a zeppelin, is damaged by enemy fire during a patrol mission; it stranded south of Ostend.
• 1915 - Laurent Schwartz was born (d. 2002). French mathematician.
• 1916 - Spanish football club Real Club Deportivo Mallorca founded.
• 1917 - Woodrow Wilson is inaugurated for a second term as President of the United States.
• 1917 - Manuel de Arriaga dies (b. 1940). First President of Portuguese Republic / Morre Manuel de Arriaga, primeiro Presidente da República de Portugal (n. 1840).
• 1918 - The Soviet Union moves the national capital from Petrograd to Moscow.
• 1918 - James Tobin was born. American economist, Nobel Prize laureate.
• 1920 - Virginia Christine was born (d. 1996). American actress.
• 1921 - Elmer Valo was born (d. 1998). Major League Baseball player.
• 1922 - Pier Paolo Pasolini was born. Italian writer, film director.
• 1922 - Estreia em Berlim do filme de Friedrich Wilhelm Murnau: "Nosferatu".
• 1923 - David Nathan was born (d. 1966). Welsh journalist.
• 1923 - Laurence Tisch was born. American investor
• 1924 - Shefqet Verlaci becomes Prime Minister of Albania.
• 1925 - Lindley Cintra was born. Portuguese philologist and professor.
• 1926 - Clément Ader dies. French aviation pioneer, engineer.
• 1927 - Jack Cassidy was born (d. 1976). American actor.
• 1927 - Franz Mertens dies. Mathematician.
• 1929 - LanChile airline begins operations.
• 1931 - Gandhi aceita pôr fim à campanha de desobediência civil na Índia, dominada pela Grã-Bretanha.
• 1931 - Daniel Salamanca Urey named President of Bolivia.
• 1932 - Em Lisboa, foi criada a Academia Nacional de Belas Artes.
• 1933 - Great Depression. President Franklin D. Roosevelt declares a "bank holiday", closing all United States banks and freezing all financial transactions.
• 1933 - In Germany, the Nazis win 44 percent of the vote in parliamentary elections.
• 1933 - Samantha Eggar was born. Actress.
• 1936 - Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer’s "Mutiny On The Bounty" (produced by Irving Thalberg and Albert Lewin) was voted Outstanding Production, as they used to say. The 8th Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS) Academy Awards ceremony was held at the Biltmore Hotel, Los Angeles. Director/producer/writer/actor Frank Capra hosted the big giveaway honoring the films of 1935, which saw Victor McLaglen take the Best Actor prize for "The Informer" (John Ford won for directing this one). Best Actress was Bette Davis in "Dangerous". In case you are wondering, they didn’t start handing out those Supporting Actor/Actress awards until 1937. The Best Music/Song award winners were Harry Warren (music) and Al Dubin (lyrics) for the song "Lullaby of Broadway" from "Gold Diggers of 1935". An Oscar for Short Subject/Cartoon was awarded to Walt Disney for his ’toon, "Three Orphan Kittens".
• 1936 - First flight of fighter airplane Spitfire Type 300.
• 1936 - Canaan Banana was born (d. 2003).First President of Zimbabwe.
• 1936 - Dean Stockwell was born. American actor.
• 1936 - Mário Zambujal was born. Portuguese writer and journalist ("Crónica dos Bons Malandros")
• 1937 - Foi lançada a revista feminina Marie Claire.
• 1937 - Olusegun Obasanjo was born. Leader of Nigeria
• 1938 - Fred Williamson was born. American football player and actor.
• 1939 - Peter Woodcock was born. Canadian serial killer.
• 1939 - Samantha Eggar was born. British actress.
• 1939 - Pierre Wynants was born. Belgian chef.
• 1940 - Members of Soviet politbiuro sign an order for the execution of 25,700 Polish intelligentsia, including 14,700 Polish POW, known also as Katyn massacre.
• 1940 - Cai Yuanpei dies. Educator .
• 1942 - Felipe González Márquez was born. Prime Minister of Spain.
• 1943 - Billy Backus was born. American boxer.
• 1943 - First flight of Gloster Meteor aircraft in Britain.
• 1944 - Max Jacob dies. Poet and writer.
• 1944 - Roy Gutman was born. American journalist, Pulitzer Prize Winner.
• 1944 - Lucio Battisti was born (d. 1998). Italian singer.
• 1945 - Santiago Doria was born. Argentine theatre director.
• 1946 - Winston Churchill uses the phrase "Iron Curtain" in his speech at Westminster College in Fulton, Missouri. This event is often regarded at the beginning of the Cold War.“From Stettin in the Baltic to Trieste in the Adriatic, an iron curtain has descended across the Continent.” .
• 1947 - Clodagh Rodgers was born. Northern Irish singer.
• 1948 - Eddy Grant was born. Guyana-born singer
• 1948 - Elaine Paige was born. English singer, actress.
• 1953 - Sergei Prokofiev dies (b. 1891). Composer.
• 1953 - Joseph Stalin dies (b. 1879). Leader of the Soviet Union
• 1953 - Herman J. Mankiewicz dies, screenwriter.
• 1954 - Marsha Warfield was born. American actress, comedienne.
• 1955 - President of Lithuania, Antanas Merkys dies, after having been imprisoned and deported to Saratov, Soviet Union
• 1955 - Penn Jillette was born. Amaerican magician and comedian.
• 1956 - Ernie Terrell becomes the WBA world heavyweight champion, beating Eddie Machen by a 15-round decision, in Chicago.
• 1956 - "King Kong" first televised.
• 1957 - Mark E. Smith was born. Vocalist with The Fall.
• 1958 - Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region is established.
• 1958 - Explorer 2, part of the Explorer program, launched and eventually failed.
• 1958 - Andy Gibb was born (d. 1988). English singer (Bee-Gees).
• 1960 - Elvis Presley is discharged from the United States Army.
• 1960 - El Gobierno venezolano de Rómulo Betancourt promulga la ley de Reforma Agraria.
• 1963 - Patsy Cline and Cowboy Copas, country music singers- and Hankshaw Hawkins were killed in a plane crash at Camden, TN, near Nashville. The famous country music stars were returning from a benefit performance
• 1964 - Atlanta Mayor Ivan Allen Jr announces a baseball team is moving there.
• 1964 - Ceylon declares emergency crisis due to unrest.
• 1965 - Chen Cheng dies. Chinese politician.
• 1965 - Pepper Martin dies. Baseball player.
• 1965 - A new constituition is promulgated in Honduras.
• 1965 - First performance of Walter Piston's Eighth Symphony.
• 1966 - Bob Seagren vaults 5.19m, an indoor world record.
• 1966 - A BOAC Boeing 707 jet crashes on Mount Fuji, Japan killing 124.
• 1966 - In Luxembourg, Udo Jürgens wins the eleventh Eurovision Song Contest for Austria singing "Merci, cherie" (Thanks, babe).
• 1966 - Michael Irvin was born. American football player.
• 1966 - Tim Crutchfield was born. Controversial politician
• 1966 - Anna Akhmatova dies. Poet.
• 1967 - Georges Vanier dies. Governor General of Canada.
• 1967 - El coronel Fidel Sánchez Hernández es elegido presidente de El Salvador.
• 1969 - MC Solaar was born. French hiphop artist
• 1970 - A nuclear non-proliferation treaty goes into effect after ratification by 43 nations.
• 1970 - Dubnium atoms first detected conclusively.
• 1970 - John Frusciante was born. Musician ("The Red Hot Chili Peppers").
• 1971 - First live performance of Led Zeppelin's "Stairway to Heaven".
• 1972 - Luca Turilli was born. Italian musician (Rhapsody)
• 1972 - Evil Jared Hasselhoff was born. American bassist (The Bloodhound Gang)
• 1973 - Donald DeFreeze, future Symbionese Liberation Army leader, escapes from Vacaville Prison..
• 1974 - Yom Kippur War: Israeli forces withdrew from the west bank of the Suez Canal.
• 1974 - Candide, by Leonard Bernstein, opens at the Broadway Theatre in New York City, beginning a run of 740 performances.
• 1974 - Jens Jeremies was born. German international football player.
• 1974 - Eva Mendes was born. American actress.
• 1974 - Sol Hurok dies. Entrepreneur.
• 1975 - Jolene Blalock was born. Actress (Star Trek: Enterprise).
• 1975 - Niki Taylor was born. Fashion model.
• 1976 - Sarunas Jasikevicius was born. Lithuanian basketball player.
• 1976 - Paul Konerko was born. Baseball player.
• 1977 - Bryan Berard was born. American hockey player.
• 1977 - Wally Szczerbiak was born. American NBA basketball player.
• 1977 - Manuel Fraga es nombrado presidente del partido por el congreso constituyente de Alianza Popular.
• 1978 - Landsat 3 is launched from Vandenberg AFB in California. .
• 1979 - Detection equipment picks up a gamma ray burst originating from the Large Magellanic Cloud, leading to the discovery of soft gamma repeaters.
• 1979 - Voyager 1's closest approach to Jupiter, 172000 miles.
• 1979 - Flick Shagwell was born. British porn actress
• 1980 - Earth satellites record gamma rays from remnants of supernova N-49.
• 1980 - Jay Silverheels dies. Actor
• 1980 - Winifred Wagner dies. Bayreuth Festival organizer.
• 1981 - Yip Harburg dies. Lyricist
• 1981 - Cannibal Alferd Packer pardoned posthumously.
• 1981 - Frances Ashton was born. Supermodel.
• 1982 - Actor and SNL star John Belushi dies of a drug overdose in his hotel room at the Chateau Marmont on Sunset Boulevard.
• 1982 - Venera 14, a Soviet satellite arrives at the planet Venus.
• 1982 - Daniel Carter was born. New Zealand rugby player
• 1982 - John Belushi dies (b. 1949). Actor.
• 1983 - Bob Hawke becomes Australian prime minister after defeating Malcolm Fraser in Australian elections.
• 1984 - Tito Gobbi dies (b. 195). Italian baritone.
• 1984 - William Powell dies (b. 1892). Actor.
• 1984 - Pedro da Cunha Pimentel Homem de Mello dies in Porto (b. 1904). Portuguese poet / Morre no Porto o poeta Pedro Homem de Mello, conhecido sobretudo pelos seus programas sobre Folclore na RTP.
• 1985 - Body of undercover DEA agent Enrique Camarena found..
• 1985 - La junta de Gobierno de Nicaragua pone en libertad al joven José Urbina Lara, cuya detención provocó el boicot costarricense a las gestiones de paz del Grupo de Contadora.
• 1985 - Incendio en las islas Galápagos (Ecuador), que en varios días arrasó más de 25.000 hectáreas en un frente de 25 kilómetros.
• 1988 - Constitution of Turks and Caicos Islands restored and revised.
• 1988 - Alberto Olmedo dies. Argentine comedian.
• 1989 - Jake Lloyd was born. American actor.
• 1991 - Iraq releases all Gulf War prisoners.
• 1991 - El presidente chileno, Patricio Aylwin, publica un informe sobre las violaciones de los derechos humanos en Chile durante los 16 años de dictadura de Pinochet.
• 1993 - Fokker 100 crashes at Skopje Macedonia, 81 die .
• 1993 - Es detenido un integrista islámico, acusado del atentado de las torre Gemelas.
• 1993 - Canadian sprinter Ben Johnson is banned from international competition for life after testing positive for banned substances for the second time.
• 1995 - Se inicia en Copenhague la Cumbre Mundial sobre Desarrollo Social.
• 1996 - El Parlamento de EEUU aprueba la ley Helms-Burton, que endurece las sanciones económicas contra Cuba.
• 1997 - Samm Sinclair Baker, dies, coauthor of the Scarsdale Diet.
• 1998 - La nave no tripulada Lunar Prospector descubre la existencia de hielo en los casquetes polares de la Luna.
• 1998 - El líder de la red de intrusos informáticos que atacó el Pentágono reta al FBI a que le encuentre en Internet.
• 1998 - NASA announces that the Clementine probe orbiting the Moon has found enough water in polar craters to support a human colony and rocket fueling station.
• 1998 - NASA announces the choice of United States Air Force Lt. Col. Eileen Collins as the first woman commander of a space shuttle mission..
• 1998 - Mariah Carey divorces Tommy Mottola .
• 1998 - Alda Nogueira dies. Portuguese women rights activist.
• 1999 - Paul Okalik is elected first Premier of Nunavut..
• 1999 - Richard Kiley, dies, actor ..
• 1999 - From Sudan it was reported that southern rebels had kidnapped 7 people working with the International Committee of the Red Cross near the town of Bentiu, 500 miles south of Khartoum.
• 2000 - In Angola some 500 armed men killed 30 diamond prospectors in Chivungo. UNITA rebels were blamed.
• 2000 - NATO peacekeeping troops arrested Dragoljub Prcac, a Bosnian Serb, for war crimes committed at the Omarska prison camp in 1992, where he served as deputy commander.
• 2000 - In Mozambique some 600 US troops arrived to help deliver food and medical supplies where flooding left an estimated 1 million people homeless.
• 2000 - Yoshiro Mori é nomeado como novo primeiro ministro do Japão em sustituição de Keizo Obuchi, em coma depois de uma hemorragia cerebral.
• 2001 - In Mecca, 35 Muslim pilgrims are crushed to death during the annual Hajj pilgrimage.
• 2001 - In Santee, California, a school massacre occurs at Santana High School, leaving 2 dead and 15 wounded.
• 2002 - MTV begins airing The Osbournes..
• 2003 - University of Manchester and UMIST announce agreement to merge operations..
• 2003 - Natalie Maines of the Dixie Chicks provokes controversy in the U.S. by stating that the band was "ashamed the president of the United States is from Texas.
• 2003 - Nature withdraws several papers as a result of the Jan Hendrik Schön scandal..
• 2003 - Hellmuth Buddenberg dies. Entrepreneur.
• 2003 - In Argentina the Supreme declared unconstitutional a government decree that converted dollar bank accounts to devalued pesos.
• 2003 - In Armenia Pres. Robert Kocharian won Armenia's presidential runoff. The opposition claimed he was trying to fix the outcome. Kocharian had 67.5 percent and challenger Stepan Demirchian had 32.5 percent.
• 2004 - A three-headed frog is found in Weston-super-Mare, England..
• 2004 - Carlos Julio Arosemena (84), one-time president of Ecuador whose term ended in a 1963 military coup, died. Elected vice president in 1960, Arosemena rose to the presidency following the ouster of President Velasco Ibarra a year later in a military coup.
• 2004 - Walt Gorney dies (b. 1912). American actor.
• 2006 - The 2006 National People's Congress opens in Beijing, beginning a week-long session of China's parliament. Premier Wen Jiabao makes a Working Report
• 2006 - The cerimony of the 78th Academy Awards happens today