On this day in History - Mar 16

• 0597 BC - Babylonians capture Jerusalem, replace Jehoiachin with Zedekiah as king.
• 0037 - Tiberius Claudius Nero Caesar, second Roman emperor of the Julio-Claudian dynasty (b. 46 B.C.E.) dies.
• 0455 - Valentinian III dies (b. 0419). Roman emperor.
• 1037 - Robert I dies. Archbishop of Rouen
• 1072 - Adalbert of Hamburg dies. German archbishop
• 1190 - Crusaders start to massacre the Jews of York, England.
• 1322 - Humphrey de Bohun, 4th Earl of Hereford dies (b. 1276). English soldier.
• 1410 - John Beaufort, 1st Earl of Somerset dies (b. 1373)
• 1457 - László Hunyadi dies (b. 1433). Hungarian statesman and warrior.
• 1485 - Anne Neville dies (b. 1456). Queen of Richard III of England.
• 1521 - Ferdinand Magellan reaches the Philippines / O navegador português Fernando de Magalhães chegou às Filipinas.
• 1559 - Anthony St. Leger dies (b. 1496). Lord Deputy of Ireland.
• 1567 - Expulsão dos franceses do Rio de Janeiro (Ilha de Villegaignon), por Estácio de Sá.
• 1585 - Gerbrand Adriaensz Bredero was born (d. 1618). Dutch poet and playwright.
• 1621 - Samoset, a Mohegan, visits the settlers of Plymouth Colony and greets them, "Welcome, Englishmen! My name is Samoset."
• 1649 - Jean de Brébeuf dies (b. 1593). French Jesuit missionary.
  1660 - The Long Parliament disbands.
• 1679 - John Leverett dies (b. 1616). Governor of the Massachusetts Bay Colony.
• 1689 - The 23rd Regiment of Foot or Royal Welch Fusiliers is founded.
• 1721 - James Craggs the Elder dies (b. 1657). English politician.
• 1734 - Aparece la "Gaceta de México", primer periódico publicado en el país.
• 1736 - Giovanni Battista Pergolesi dies (b. 1710). Italian composer.
• 1721 - James Craggs the Elder dies (b. 1657). English politician.
• 1737 - Benjamin Wadsworth dies (b. 1670). American President of Harvard University.
• 1737 - Convenção luso-espanhola sobre o incidente com o embaixador português, acontecido em 1735, por mediação da Inglaterra e da Holanda.
• 1738 - George Bähr dies (b. 1666). German architect.
• 1747 - Christian Augustus of Anhalt-Zerbst dies (b. 1690). Father of Catherine II of Russia
• 1751 - James Madison was born (d. 1836). 4th President of the United States.
• 1789 - Georg Simon Ohm was born (d. 1854). German physicist and discoverer of Ohm's law.
• 1792- King Gustav III of Sweden is shot; he dies on March 29.
• 1802 - The United States Military Academy West Point is established.
• 1812 - Battle of Badajoz (March 16 - April 6) - British and Portuguese forces besiege and defeat French garrison during Peninsular War.
• 1812 - Se inaugura en Buenos Aires la Biblioteca Pública, hoy Biblioteca Nacional, la primera de América.
• 1815 - Prince Willem of the House of Orange-Nassau proclaimed himself King of the United Kingdom of the Netherlands, the first constitutional monarch in the Netherlands. Willem I becomes King of the Netherlands.
• 1818 - Battle of Cancha Rayada - Spanish forces defeat Chileans under José de San Martín.
• 1819 - Nascimento do Visconde do Rio Branco (José Maria da Silva Paranhos (o pai), em Salvador-BA, no ano de 1819.
• 1825 - Cam,ilo Castelo Branco was born (d. 1 Jun 1890). Portuguese writer. / Nasceu o escritor português Camilo Castelo Branco na freguesia dos Mártires, cidade de Lisboa. Foi um profissional das letras multifacetado, cuja obra o posicionou com uma das figuras mais eminentes da literatura portuguesa. (m. 01 de Junho de 1890, por suicídio, na freguesia de Ceide, Vila Nova de Famalicão).
• 1834 - James Hector was born (d. 1907). Scottish geologist.
• 1839 - René François Armand Sully-Prudhomme was born (d. 1907). French writer, laureate of the first Nobel Prize in Literature in 1901.
• 1850 - Nathaniel Hawthorne's novel The Scarlet Letter is first published.
• 1855 - Bates College in Lewiston, Maine is founded.
• 1861 - Edward Clark became Governor of Texas, replacing Sam Houston, who was evicted from the office for refusing to take an oath of loyalty to the Confederacy.
• 1867 - First publication of an article by Joseph Lister outlining the discovery of antiseptic surgery, in The Lancet.
• 1872 - The Wanderers F.C. won the first FA Cup, the oldest football competition in the world, beating Royal Engineers A.F.C. 1-0 at The Oval in Kennington, London.
• 1877 - Reza Pahlavi was born (d. 1941). Shah of Iran.
• 1878 - Clemens August Graf von Galen was born (d. 1946). German archbishop of Münster and cardinal.
• 1888 - Hippolyte Carnot dies (b. 1801). French statesman.
• 1889 - Reggie Walker was born (d. 1951). South African athlete.
• 1892 - Nace César Vallejo, na cidade de Santiago de Chuco del norte del Peru. Poeta, César Vallejo es acaso una de las figuras de mayor relieve dentro del vanguardismo hispánico. Muere en 1918 en Paris.
• 1898 - Aubrey Beardsley dies (b. 1872). British artist.
• 1899 - Joseph Medill dies (b. 1823). Business manager and managing editor of the Chicago Tribune and mayor of Chicago, Illinois.
• 1900 - Sir Arthur Evans purchases the land around the ruins of Knossos, the largest Bronze Age archaeological site on Crete.
• 1901 - Edward Pawley was born. American actor.
• 1902 - Leon Roppolo was born (d. 1943). American jazz clarinetist.
• 1903 - Judge Roy Bean dies (b. c. 1825). American jurist and Old West pioneer
• 1905 - Elisabeth Flickenschildt was born (d. 1977). German actress.
• 1906 - Henny Youngman was born (d. 1998). American comedian.
• 1910 - Juan Dios Peza dies (b. 29 Jun 1852). Mexican poet.
• 1911 - Josef Mengele was born (d. 1979). Nazi war criminal.
• 1912 - Lawrence Oates, ill member of Scott's South Pole expedition leaves the tent saying, "I am just going outside and may be some time."
• 1912 - Pat Nixon was born (d. 1993). First Lady of the United States.
• 1914 - Charles Albert Gobat dies (b. 1843). Swiss politician, recipient of the Nobel Peace Prize in 1902
• 1916 - 7th and 10th US cavalry regiments under John J. Pershing cross the border to join the hunt of Pancho Villa.
• 1918 - Frederick Reines was born (d. 1998). American physicist (1995 Nobel Prize in Physics)
• 1920 - Leo McKern was born (d. 2002). British actor.
• 1922 - Harding Lemay was born. Television scriptwriter and playwright
• 1924 - The free port of Fiume formally annexed by Mussolini's fascist regime.
• 1926 - Robert Goddard launches the first liquid-fueled rocket, at Auburn, Massachusetts.
• 1926 - Jerry Lewis was born in Newark, New Jersey. American actor, comedian .
• 1928 - Christa Ludwig was born. German mezzo-soprano.
• 1927 - Vladimir Komarov was born (d. 1967). Russian cosmonaut
• 1927 - Daniel Patrick Moynihan was born (d. 2003). Senator from New York.
• 1929 - Nadja Tiller was born. German actress .
• 1930 - Miguel Primo de Rivera dies (b. 1870). Spanish dictator.
• 1934 - Ray Hnatyshyn was born (d. 2002). Governor-General of Canada
• 1935 - Adolf Hitler orders Germany to rearm herself in violation of the Versailles Treaty.
• 1935 - John James Richard Macleod dies (b. 1876). Scottish-born physician and physiologist, Nobel Prize laureate in 1923.
• 1935 - Aron Nimzowitsch dies (b. 1886). Latvian-born chess player.
• 1936 - Marguerite Durand dies (b. 1864). French journalist and feminist leader.
• 1939 - From Prague Castle Hitler proclaimed Bohemia and Moravia a German protectorate.
• 1939 - Marriage of Princess Fawzia of Egypt to Shah Mohammad Reza Pahlavi of Iran
• 1940 - Chuck Woolery was born. Game show host .
• 1940 - Selma Lagerlöf dies (b. 1858). Swedish writer, Nobel Prize in Literature 1909 .
• 1940 - Bernardo Bertolucci was born. Italian film director.
• 1942 - First V-2 rocket test launch (exploded at liftoff)
• 1942 - James Soong was born. Taiwanese politician .
• 1945 - Börries von Münchhausen dies (b. 1874). German poet.
• 1945 - World War II: The Battle of Iwo Jima ends but small pockets of Japanese resistance persist.
• 1945 - Würzburg, Germany is 90% destroyed, with 5,000 dead, in only 20 minutes by British bombers.
• 1948 - Carlos Bilardo was born. Argentine football manager and coach.
• 1949 - Erik Estrada was born. Puerto Rican actor.
• 1949 - Victor Garber was born. Canadian actor .
• 1949 - Sergio Denis was born. Argentine singer and composer.
• 1952 - In Cilaos, Réunion, 73 inches (1,870mm) of rain falls in one day, setting a new world record.
• 1952 - Philippe Kahn was born. French/American entrepreneur.
• 1953 - Isabelle Huppert was born. French actress.
• 1953 - Richard Stallman was born. Free Software activist & founder of GNU .
• 1954 - Jimmy Nail was born. British actor and singer.
• 1954 - Nancy Wilson was born. American guitarist, singer, and actress (Heart)
• 1955 - Jiro Watanabe was born. Japanese boxing world champion.
• 1955 - Bruno Barreto was born. Brazilian film director / Nascimento de Bruno Barreto , diretor do cinema brasileiro, no Rio de Janeiro-RJ.
• 1956 - St. Urho's Day is first celebrated.
• 1957 - Constantin Brancusi dies (b. 1876). Romanian sculptor.
• 1959 - Flavor Flav was born. Rap musician .
• 1959 - Jens Stoltenberg was born. Prime Minister of Norway.
• 1962 - A Flying Tiger Line Super Constellation disappears in the western Pacific Ocean, with 107 people missing.
• 1963 - Mount Agung erupts on Bali - 11,000 dead
• 1966 - Launch of Gemini 8, the 12th manned American space flight and first space docking with the Agena Target Vehicle.
• 1968 - Vietnam War: In the My Lai massacre, between 350 and 500 Vietnamese villagers - men, women, and children are killed by American troops.
• 1968 - Secuestro del arzobispo de Guatemala Mario Casariego por el Movimiento Antiguerrillero Nuevo Orden.
• 1968 - Mario Castelnuovo-Tedesco dies (b. 1895). Italian composer.
• 1969 - A Venezuelan Airlines DC-9 crashes shortly after takeoff in Maracaibo, Venezuela killing 155.
• 1970 - Tammi Terrell dies. American Motown singer .
• 1971 - Thomas Dewey dies (b. 1902). American Presidential candidate in 1944 and 1948.
• 1972 - The first building of the Pruitt-Igoe housing complex is demolished.
• 1974 - Eclode uma tentativa de Golpe Militar com início no Regimento de Infantaria 5, sedeado nas Caldas da Rainha.
• 1975 - T-Bone Walker dies (b. 1910). American musician.
• 1975 - Richard W. DeKorte dies (b. 1936). American politician.
• 1976 - UK Prime Minister, Harold Wilson resigns.
• 1977 - Kamal Jumblatt dies (b. 1917). Leader of the Lebanese Druze.
• 1978 - Aldo Moro is kidnapped by left-wing urban guerrillas in Italy and is later killed by his captors.
• 1978 - El Amoco Cádiz encalla y desparrama en el mar 233.000 toneladas de petróleo en las costas francesas.
• 1978 - La Soyuz 26 retorna a la Tierra.
• 1978 - Supertanker the Amoco Cadiz, split in two after running aground on Portsall Rocks, three miles off the coast of Brittany, resulting in the 5th-largest oil spill in history
• 1979 - Jean Monnet dies (b. 1888). French politician. / Morreu o ideólogo da Europa Unida, Jean Monet ( n. 1888 9 novembre) Jean Monnet naît à Cognac dans une famille de négociants d'eau de vie.
• 1980 - Todd Heap was born. American football player .
• 1980 - Tamara de Lempicka dies (b. 1898). Polish-born painter.
• 1983 - Demolition of the radio tower Ismaning, the last radio tower in Germany built of wood.
• 1983 - Arthur Godfrey dies (b. 1903). American actor and television host.
• 1984 - John Hoagland dies (b. 1947). American photographer.
• 1984 - William Buckley, the CIA station chief in Beirut, Lebanon, is kidnapped by Islamic fundamentalists and later dies in captivity.
• 1985 - Associated Press newsman Terry Anderson is taken hostage in Beirut. He would be released on December 4, 1991.
• 1988 - Iran-Contra Affair: Lieutenant Colonel Oliver North and Vice Admiral John Poindexter are indicted on charges of conspiracy to defraud the United States.
• 1988 - The Kurdish town of Halabjah attacked with a mix of poison gas and nerve agents killing 5000.
• 1988 - No Panamá, o General Manuel Antonio Noriega sobrevive à uma tentativa de golpe de estado que ele alegou ter sido incitado pelos Estados Unidos.
• 1990 - James Bulger was born (d. 1993). Abduction/murder victim.
• 1990 - Início da Vigência do Cruzeiro ( Cr$ - o terceiro ), no ano de 1990 (Medida Provisória nº 168 de 15/03/1990).
• 1992 - Yves Rocard dies (b. 1903). French physicist.
• 1992 - Carlie Brucia was born (d. 2004). Kidnap/murder victim.
• 1993 - Natália Correia poetisa, romancista e política, morre em Lisboa. Açoreana, natural da Ilha de São Miguel, Natália de Oliveira Correia nasceu a 13 de Setembro de 1923. Figura importante da poesia portuguesa contemporânea, trabalha, também, a sua criatividade como ensaísta e romancista, passando pelo teatro e investigação literária .
• 1993 - A blizzard on the east coast of the United States kills 184 (see Great Blizzard of 1993).
• 1994 - Tonya Harding pleads guilty to conspiracy to hinder prosecution for trying to cover-up an attack on figure skating rival Nancy Kerrigan.
• 1996 - Charlie Barnett dies (b. 1954). American actor.
• 1997 - Sandline affair - On Bougainville, soldiers of commander Jerry Singirok arrest Tim Spicer and his mercenaries of the Sandline International
• 1997 - Stuart Appleby wins the Honda Golf Classic.
• 1997 - La Alianza Republicana Nacionalista (ARENA) gana las elecciones legislativas y municipales en El Salvador.
• 1998 - Pope John Paul II apologises for inactivity and silence of some Roman Catholics during the Holocaust.
• 1998 - Sir Derek Harold Richard Barton dies (b. 1918) . British chemist, a joint recipient (with Odd Hassel of Norway) of the 1969 Nobel Prize for Chemistry for research that helped establish conformational analysis - the study of the 3-D geometric structure of complex molecules.
• 2001 - The only day between 1993 and 2002 when nobody in the United Kingdom killed themselves, according to a health survey.
• 2001 - Norma MacMillan dies (1921). American voice actress.
  2002 - Closing ceremonies of the Winter Paralympics in Salt Lake City, Utah USA.
• 2003 - Largest coordinated worldwide vigil, as part of the global protests against war on Iraq.
• 2003 - Rachel Corrie dies (b. 1979). American political activist.
• 2003 - Major Ronald Ferguson dies. Father of Sarah, Duchess of York.
• 2004 - Vilém Tauský dies (b. 1910). Czech conductor and composer.
• 2005 - Todd Bell dies (b. 1958). American football player.
• 2005 - Israel officially hands over Jericho to Palestinian control.
• 2005 - Ripudaman Singh Malik and Ajaib Singh Bagri, accused of the bombing of the Air India Flight 182 in 1985, are found not guilty on all counts.
• 2005 - Todd Bell dies (b. 1958). American football player.
• 2005 - Ralph Erskine dies (b. 1914). British architect (Byker Wall)
• 2005 - Anthony George dies (b. 1921). American TV actor.
• 2005 - Allan Hendrickse dies (b. 1927). South African politician.
• 2005 - Dick Radatz dies (b. 1937). American baseball player.
• 2006 - New Kitakyushu Airport in Japan will be in operation from this day on.
• 2006 - Planned release date of the computer role-playing game Final Fantasy XII in Japan.