On this day in History - Jan. 13

• 85 BC - Gaius Marius dies. Roman general and politician
• 0703 - Empress Jitō of Japan dies (b. 0645)
• 0858 - King Ethelwulf of Wessex dies.
• 0888 - Charles the Fat dies. Holy Roman Emperor
• 0888 - Odo, Count of Paris becomes King of the Franks.
• 1099 - Crusaders set fire to Mara, Syria.
• 1138 - Simon I, Duke of Lorraine dies (b. 1076)
• 1151 - Abbot Suger dies. French statesman and historian.
• 1177 - Henry II of Austria dies (b. 1107)
• 1328 - Edward III of England marries Philippa, daughter of the Count of Hainault.
• 1330 - Duke Frederick I of Austria dies (b. 1286)
• 1363 - Meinhard III, Count of Tyrol dies.
• 1334 - King Henry II of Castile was born (d. 1379)
• 1400 - Nascimento de João, Infante de Portugal (m. 18 Out 1442), filho do rei João I de Portugal e de sua mulher, a rainha Filipa de Lencastre. Foi condestável de Portugal,
• 1507 - Nascimento de D. Catarina da Áustria, rainha de Portugal.
• 1547 - Henry Howard, Earl of Surrey dies (sentenced to death) (b. 1517). English poet.
• 1559 - Elizabeth I crowned queen of England in Westminster Abbey.
• 1562 - Mark Alexander Boyd was born (d. 1601). Scottish poet.
• 1590 - Francisco Salinas dies. Musician.
• 1596 - Jan van Goyen was born (d. 1656). Dutch landscape painter.
• 1599 - Edmund Spenser dies (b. 1552). English poet.
• 1602 - William Shakespeare's The Merry Wives of Windsor is published.
• 1605 - The controversial play Eastward Hoe by Ben Jonson, George Chapman, and John Marston is performed, landing two of the authors in prison.
• 1607 - Bank of Genoa fails after announcement of national bankruptcy in Spain.
• 1610 - Galileo Galilei discovered Callisto the fourth satellite of Jupiter.
• 1610 - Maria Anna of Austria was born (d. 1665)
• 1616 - Antoinette Bourignon was born (d. 1680). Flemish mystic.
• 1622 - Work on the printing of the First Folio of William Shakespeare is suspended.
• 1625 - John Milton 16, is admitted to Christ's College, Cambridge.
• 1625 - Jan Brueghel de Velours ( el Aterciopelado) dies. Painter.
• 1635 - Philipp Jakob Spener was born (d. 1705). German theologian.
• 1651 - Henry Booth, 1st Earl of Warrington was born (d. 1694). English politician.
• 1658 - Edward Sexby dies (b. 1616). English Puritan soldier.
• 1691 - George Fox dies (b. 1624). English founder of the Quakers.
• 1717 - Maria-Sibylla Merian dies (b. 2 Apr 1647). Swiss naturalist and painter of insects and flowers.
• 1720 - Richard Hurd was born (d. 1808). English bishop and writer.
• 1724 - Bartolomeu de Gusmão dies (b. 1685). Brazilian jesuit, "the flyer priest" (padre voador)
• 1733 - James Oglethorpe and 130 colonists arrive in Charleston, South Carolina.
• 1749 - Friedrich Müller was born (d. 1825). Painter, narrator, lyricist and dramatist.
• 1750 - Assinado o Tratado de Madrid, que pôs fim a conflitos entre Portugal e a Espanha no Sul da América meridional, definindo os limites do Brasil.
• 1759 - Leonor de Tavora, morre, marquesa de Portugal. Em Belém, Lisboa, os Távoras e o duque de Aveiro são executados de uma forma selvagem, criticada pela opinião internacional, por alegadamente estarem implicados no atentado contra o rei D. José.
• 1766 - King Frederick V of Denmark dies (b. 1723)
• 1775 - Johann Georg Walch dies (b. 1693). German theologian.
• 1785 - John Walter publishes first issue of the Daily Universal Register (later renamed The Times).
• 1790 - Luc Urbain de Bouexic, comte de Guichen dies (b. 1712). French admiral.
• 1794 - President Washington approved a measure adding two stars and two stripes to the American flag, following the admission of Vermont and Kentucky to the union. (The number of stripes was later reduced to the original 13.
• 1796 - John H. D. Anderson dies (b. 1726). Scottish scientist and inventor.
• 1797 - Elisabeth Christine von Braunschweig-Bevern dies (b. 1715). Queen of Frederick II of Prussia
• 1805 - Thomas Dyer was born (d. 1862). Mayor of Chicago.
• 1807 - Napoleon Bonaparte Buford was born (d. 28 Mar 1883). American soldier
• 1807 - Álvaro Teixeira de Macedo was born. Brazilian poet and diplomat.
• 1808 - Salmon P. Chase was born (d. 1873). Secretary of the Treasury (1861-64) and sixth Chief Justice of the United States (1864-73).
• 1812 - Victor de Laprade was born (d. 1883). French poet and critic.
• 1825 - Frei Caneca morre fuzilado. Herói da Confederação do Equador .
• 1825 - El Alto Perú proclama su independencia en Cochabamba, con el nombre de República de Bolívar, después Bolivia.
• 1830 - Great fire of New Orleans, Louisiana begins.
• 1832 - President Andrew Jackson writes Vice President Martin Van Buren expressing his opposition to South Carolina's defiance of federal authority in the Nullification Crisis.
• 1832 - Horatio Alger, Jr was born in Revere Massachusets (d.1899); American minister and writer of boys' stories. He wrote over 100 books for boys, the first, Ragged Dick, being published in 1867.
• 1840 - The steamship Lexington burns and sinks four miles off the coast of Long Island with the loss of 139 lives.
• 1842 - Franklin Távora was born. Brazilian writer.
• 1845 -Félix Tisserand was born (d. 20 Oct 1896). French astronomer noted for his textbook Traité de mécanique céleste, 4 vol. (1889-96; "Treatise on Celestial Mechanics").
• 1846 - Wilhelm Wien was born (†30.8.1928). German physicist. In 1893/1894, he developed a law on the relationship between temperature and light. Max Planck later used the “Wien Formula” to help formulate his quantum theory. Wilhelm Wien was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics for his work, in 1911.
• 1847 - The Treaty of Cahuenga ends the Mexican-American War in California.
• 1848 - Lilla Cabot Perry was born. American artist. Influenced heavily by painter Claude Monet she emulated the innovations of French Impressionism in her art and was a major promoter of Impressionism in the U.S.
• 1852 - Fabian Gottlieb von Bellingshausen dies (b. 1778). Russian explorer.
• 1854 - Nace José Fructuoso Rivera, militar uruguayo, primer presidente constitucional de su país (1830-1834).
• 1854 - The accordion is patented by Anthony Faas.
• 1855 - Henri Braconnot dies (b. 29 May 1781). French chemist known for isolating glucose, a simple sugar, directly from such plant material as sawdust, linen or bark by boiling them with acid (1819).
• 1858 - Oskar Minkowski was born (d. 18 Jul 1931). German physiologist and pathologist who introduced the concept that diabetes results from suppression of a pancreatic substance (later found to be the hormone insulin).
• 1861 - Max Nonne was born (d. 1959). German neurologist.
• 1864 - Stephen Foster dies in New York (b. 1826). American composer.
• 1864 - Wilhelm Wien born (d. 30 Aug 1928). German physicist who received the Nobel Prize for Physics in 1911 for his displacement law concerning the radiation emitted by the perfectly efficient blackbody.
• 1866 - Vasily Kalinnikov was born (d. 1901). Russian composer.
• 1869 - National convention of black leaders meets in Washington D.C..
• 1870 - Ross Granville Harrison, was born (d. 30 Sep 1959). American zoologist who developed the first successful animal-tissue cultures and pioneered organ transplantation techniques.
• 1875 -Robert Adams dies (b. 1791). Irish clinician noted for his contributions to the knowledge of heart disease and gout.
• 1879 - Melvin Jones was born (d. 1961). American founder of Lions Clubs International.
• 1884 - Sophie Tucker was born (d. 1966). Russian-born singer, comedienne and vaudeville performer
• 1888 - Alexander Graham Bell funda la National Geographic Society.
• 1890 - Elmer Davis is born. Radio commentator.
• 1893 - Britain's Independent Labor Party, a precursor to the current Labor Party, first met.
• 1893 - The Independent Labour Party of the UK has its first meeting.
• 1893 - US Marines land in Honolulu from the U.S.S. Boston to prevent the queen from abrogating the Bayonet Constitution.
• 1893 - Clark Ashton Smith was born (d. 1961). American writer.
• 1898 - French writer Emile Zola published in L'Aurore his "J'Accuse" letter, accusing the French of a cover-up in the Alfred Dreyfus treason case.
• 1899 - Kay Francis was born (d. 1968). American actress.
• 1900 - Peter Waage dies (b. 29 Jun 1833). Norwegian chemist who, with his brother-in-law Cato Guldberg published the mass action law in 1864. The law states that the rate of a chemical change depends on the concentrations of the reactants.
• 1903 - The Moroccan Sultan flees Fez as his imperial troops are defeated by the pretender's army.
• 1906 - Pascoal Carlos Magno, nascimentode, diplomata e teatrólogo brasileiro.
• 1906 - Un incendio destruye casi toda la ciudad de Panamá.
• 1908 - Henry Farman, an English-born Frenchman, flew the first one-kilometer circuit, winning the Grand Prix de Aviation and its 50,000 franc purse.
• 1909 - Marinus van der Lubbe was born (d. 1934). Dutch communist accused of setting fire to the Reichstag.
• 1911 - Joh Bjelke-Petersen was born (d. 2005). Premier of Queensland.
• 1913 - Delta Sigma Theta, Sorority, Inc. founded.
• 1915 - Some 30'000 people died in earthquake in Avezzano Italy, which totally destroys Avezzano and the surrounding small towns.
• 1916 - Victoriano Huerta dies. Mexican dictador.
• 1916 - En Yucatán, México, se inicia el I Congreso Feminista Nacional, convocado por el General Salvador Alvarado, Gobernador de este Estado. Asisten 700 mujeres.
• 1919 - Robert Stack was born (d. 2003). American actor, best know for his role as Elliot Ness in the TV series "The Untouchables".
• 1920 - A Argentina é admitida na Liga das Nações.
• 1923 - Alexandre Ribot dies (b. 1842). French statesman.
• 1924 - Paul Feyerabend was born (d. 1994). Austrian-born philosopher
• 1925 - Gwen Verdon was born (d. 2000). American actress and dancer.
• 1926 - Michael Bond was born. British writer
• 1926 - Carolyn Gold Heilbrun was born (d. 2003). American feminist author.
• 1927 - Brock Adams was born (d. 2004). American politician.
• 1927 - Sydney Brenner was born. British biologist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 2002 shared (with H. Robert Horvitz and John E. Sulston) for their discoveries concerning how the genes regulate organ development and programmed cell death (apoptosis).
• 1929 - Wyatt Earp dies in Los Angeles (b. in Illinois, 1848). Western legend.
• 1930 - Sebastian Ziani de Ferranti dies (b. 9 Apr 1864). English electrical engineer who promoted the installation of large electrical generating stations and alternating current distribution networks in England.
• 1930 - Mickey Mouse comic strip makes its first appearance.
• 1931 - The Bridge connecting New York and New Jersey was named the George Washington Memorial Bridge.
• 1932 - Maria Ondina Braga was born in Braga (d. 14 Mar 2003). Portuguese writer [(A China Fica ao Lado (1968), Amor e Morte (1970) , Nocturno em Macau (1991), Vidas Vencidas (1998)]
• 1933 - O congresso norte-americano vota a favor da independência das Filipinas, após um período de transição.
• 1934 - Paul Ulrich Villard dies (b. 1860). French physicist.
• 1935 - A plebiscite in Saarland shows that 90.3% of those voting wish to join Nazi Germany than France. After World War I the Saar coal mines had been awarded to France, and the Saarland placed under the administration of the League of Nations for 15 years.
• 1936 - É inaugurado o campo de aviação de Moçamedes (actual Namibe) - Angola.
• 1937 - Criação do Museu Nacional de Belas Artes no Rio de Janeiro.
• 1939 - Afonso Praça was born at Felgar, Moncorvo (d. 3 May 2001, in Lisbon). Portuguese journalist.
• 1941 - James Joyce died in Zurich at the age of 58. Novelist, James Joyce is widely regarded as Ireland's greatest author (Ulisses).
• 1942 - Henry Ford patents a plastic automobile, which is 30% lighter than a regular car.
• 1942 - The United States begins Japanese American internment.
• 1943 -World War II: North AfricaGeneral Philippe Leclerc's Free French troops merge with the British army under the command of Montgomery.
• 1945 - The Soviet 'Red' army occupies the Hungarian city of Budapest .
• 1950 - Soviets boycott United Nations Security Council .
• 1953 - Paul Niggli dies [born 26 Jun 1888]; Swiss mineralogist who originated the idea of a systematic deduction of the patterns in the internal structure of crystals by means of X-ray data .
• 1953 - Marshal Josip Broz Tito chosen President of Yugoslavia. Josip Broz Tito, 60, continues to rule Yugoslavia, as he had since 1945, just changing his title from premier to president.
• 1953 - Atlético Nacional de Medellín, Colombia determina en asamblea de socios que en su equipo pueden actuar jugadores extranjeros
• 1955 - El presidente de Nicaragua, Anastasio Somoza, desafía al presidente de Costa Rica, José Figueres, a resolver la disputa entre los dos países mediante un duelo a pistola.
• 1955 - Jay McInerney, is born, American writer.
• 1956 - Lebanon and Syria signed a defense pact providing for joint retaliation against Israel if either was attacked.
• 1957 - the Wham-O Company developed the first frisbee; a representative of the company got the idea for the product when he saw some truck drivers from the Frisbee Pie Co. of Connecticut showing Yale students how to throw pie pins in the air.
• 1957 - Wham-O Company produces the first Frisbee.
• 1958 - Moroccan Liberation Army ambushes Spanish patrol in the Battle of Edchera
• 1958 - Linus Pauling (1901-1994) presented the petition of 9,000 scientists to the U.N., asking to halt the testing of nuclear bombs.
• 1958 - Moroccan Liberation Army ambushes Spanish patrol in the Battle of Edchera .
• 1959 - De Gaulle grants amnesty to 130 to Algerian death row convicts.
• 1961 -Fighting erupts between UN troops and supporters of Patrice Lumumba in the Congo.
• 1961 - Julia Louis-Dreyfus is born, actress .
• 1962 - Ernie Kovacs dies in a car crash in west Los Angeles (b. 1919). American actor and comedian.
• 1963 - Ramón Gómez de la Serna dies in Buenos Aires (b. Madrid in 3 Jul 1888). Spanish writer.
• 1964 - Karol Wojtyla becomes archbishop of Krakow
• 1964 - Penelope Ann Miller was born. American actress.
• 1966 - Robert C. Weaver becomes the first African American Cabinet member by being appointed United States Secretary of Housing and Urban Development.
• 1967 - Military coup in Togo. Chief of staff Étienne Lieutenant-Colonel Etienne Gnassingbé Eyadema seizes power in Togo by a coup and dissolves all political parties.
• 1968 - Traci Bingham, was born, actress (Baywatch) .
• 1968 - Beginning of Tet-offensive in Vietnam.
• 1969 - Los Beatles lanzan el album "Yellow Submarine".
• 1970 - Marco Pantani was born (d. 2004). Italian cyclist.
• 1972 - No país africano de Gana, um golpe militar liderado pelo coronel I.K. Acheampong depõem o primeiro-ministro K.A. Busia.
• 1972 - Prime Minister Kofi Busia and President Edward Akufo-Addo of Ghana were ousted in a bloodless military coup by Col. Ignatius Kutu Acheampong.
• 1973 - A policia de choque dispersa em Paris uma manifestação de estudantes que protestavam contra a presença, na capital francesa, da primeiro-ministro israelita, Golda Meir.
• 1974 - Salvador Novo dies (b. 1904). Mexican writer and poet.
• 1976 - the first machine for reading printed matter aloud was given its first public demonstration, by its inventor, Raymond Kurzwell.The machine was manufactured by the Kurzwell Computer Products, Inc., and was tested by the National Federation for the Blind.
• 1977 - Orlando Bloom, was born, actor (Lord of the Rings, Black Hawk Down).
• 1978 - NASA selected its first U.S. women astronauts.
• 1978 - Hubert H. Humphrey dies (b. 1911). Vice President of the United States and Senator from Minnesota
• 1978 - Joe McCarthy dies (b. 1908). Baseball manager.
• 1979 - Donny Hathaway dies (b. 1945). American musician.
• 1980 - Togo's constitution becomes effective.
• 1980 - Founding of Germany’s “Green” Party
• 1982 - Guillermo Coria dies. Argentinian professional tennis player .
• 1982 - 78 persons died on , Air Florida Flight 90 737 which, just after taking off in a snowstorm, crashes into the 14th St Bridge in Washington, DC, and falls into the icy Potomac River.
• 1985 - An express train derailed in Ethiopia and killed at least 428.
• 1986 - A month-long violent struggle began in Aden, South Yemen between supporters of Ali Nasir Muhammad and Abdul Fattah Ismail, resulting in thousands of casualties.
• 1988 - Chiang Ching-kuo dies (b. 1910). President of the Republic of China
• 1990 -Douglas Wilder of Virginia became the first elected African-American governor in the United States.
• 1990 - L. Douglas Wilder becomes the first elected African American governor as he takes office in Richmond, Virginia.
• 1991 - Soviet Union military troops attack Lithuanian independence supporters in Vilnius.
• 1991 - President Mario Soares of Portugal re-elected with around 70% of votes.
• 1992 - Japan apologizes for forcing Korean women into sexual slavery during World War II.
• 1993 - Erich Honecker, ex-líder da Alemanha Oriental, é libertado de uma prisão em Berlim e imigra para o Chile.
• 1993 - O presidente em exercício da Organizacao da Unidade Africana (OUA), Abdou Diouf apela aos dirigentes angolanos para que cessem imediatamente as hostilidades.- O secretário de estado norte-americano, Lawrence Eaglesurger, apela ao líder da UNITA Jonas Savimbi, aceitar os resultados das eleições de Setembro de 1992.
• 1994 - Italian government of Carlo Azeglio Ciampi resigns. He was not a politician but a former governor of the Bank of Italy, chosen to reassure investors and to prevent a disastrous flight from the lira.
• 1994 - President Clinton held talks in Moscow with Russian President Boris Yeltsin
• 1994 - Violeta Galdro dies. Chilean actress.
• 1997 - Investida nas funções de embaixadora da cruz vermelha, a princesa Diana de Gales visita Angola.
• 1998 -An Afghan Russian-made cargo plane crashed in southwestern Pakistan with as many as 90 Taliban militia and all were killed .
• 1998 - ABC and ESPN negotiate a $1.15 billion a season contract to keep Monday Night Football.
• 1999 -Michael Jordan announced his second retirement from the NBA. He would "unretire" again in 2001.
• 2000 - Microsoft chairman Bill Gates resigns as chief executive and promotes company president Steve Ballmer to the position.
• 2001 - An earthquake hits El Salvador, killing more than 800.
• 2001 - Michael Cuccione dies (b. 1985). Canadian actor and singer.
• 2002 - US President George W. Bush faints allegedly after choking on a pretzel.
• 2002 -After 17,162 performances, The Fantasticks ended its almost 42-year off-Broadway run.
• 2002 - Ted Demme dies (b. 1963). American film and television director.
• 2002 - Frank Shuster dies (b. 1916). Canadian comedian.
• 2003 - Norman Panama dies (b. 1914). American screenwriter and director.
• 2004 - Arne Næss Jr. dies (b. 1937). Norwegian mountain climber and businessman
• 2004 - Harold Shipman dies (b. 1946). British serial killer.
• 2004 - Joseph Darby, a U.S. soldier at Iraq's Abu Ghraib prison, reported U.S. abuses of Iraqi prisoners to the Army's Criminal Investigations Division.
• 2004 - A domestic airliner crashed in Tashkent, Uzbekistan, killing all 37 people aboard.
• 2004 - Arne Næss Jr. dies (b. 1937). Norwegian mountain climber and businessman
• 2004 - Harold Shipman dies (b. 1946). British serial killer
• 2005 - Earl Cameron dies (b.1915). Canadian broadcaster
• 2005 - Nell Rankin dies (b. 1924). American mezzo-soprano.
• 2005 - Nell Rankin dies (b. 1924). American mezzo-soprano.
• National Vocation Awareness Week.
• In Sweden, Christmas ends on the 20th day, St. Knut's Day. Children celebrate a party throwing out the Christmas tree (julgransplundring)
• Dia de Santo Hilário