On this day in History - Jan. 10

• 49 BC - Julius Caesar crosses the Rubicon which signalled civil war.
• 0236 - Saint Fabian begins his reign as Catholic Pope.
• 0681 - Pope Agatho dies.
• 1072 - Robert Guiscard conquers Palermo.
• 1094 - Caliph Al-Mustansir of Cairo dies (b. 1029)
• 1276 - Pope Gregory X [Tedaldo Visconti] dies.
• 1475 - Stephen III of Moldavia defeats the Ottoman Empire at the Battle of Vaslui.
• 1480 - Margaret of Austria was born (d. 1530). Regent of the Netherlands.
• 1538 - Louis of Nassau was born (d. 1574). Dutch general
• 1573 - Simon Marius was born (d. 1624). German astronomer.
• 1645 - William Laud dies beheaded (b. 1573). Archbishop of Canterbury.
• 1607 - Isaac Jogues was born (d. 1646). French Jesuit missionary.
• 1628 - George Villiers, 2nd Duke of Buckingham was born (d. 1687). English statesman.
• 1638 - Nicolas Steno was born (d. 1686). Danish geologist.
• 1644 - Louis François, duc de Boufflers was born (d. 1711). French marshal.
• 1654 - Joshua Barnes was born (d. 1712). English scholar.
• 1681 - João Batista Vieira, falecimento de, herói da Insurreição Pernambucana
• 1683 - Gasparo Visconti was born. Composer.
• 1698 - Louis-Sébastien Le Nain de Tillemont dies (b. 1637). French historian.
• 1707 - Philibert, comte de Gramont dies (d. 1621). French writer.
• 1715 - Christian August Crusius was born (d. 1775). German philosopher and theologian
• 1721 - Johann Philipp Baratier was born (d. 1740). German scholar.
• 1729 - Lazzaro Spallanzani was born (d. 1799). Italian biologist.
• 1738 - Ethan Allen was born (d. 1789). American Revolution military leader.
• 1754 - Edward Cave dies (b. 1691). English editor and publisher
• 1761 - Edward Boscawen dies (b. 1711). British admiral.
• 1769 - Michel Ney was born (d. 1815). French marshal.
• 1776 - Thomas Paine's Common Sense, which greatly influenced the authors of the Declaration of Independence, was published.
• 1777 - Spranger Barry dies (b. 1719). Irish actor.
• 1778 - Carolus Linnaeus dies (born 23 May 1707). Swedish botanist and explorer who was the first to frame principles for defining genera and species of organisms and to create a uniform system for naming them.
• 1797 - Annette von Droste-Hülshoff was born (d. 1848). German writer.
• 1806 - Dutch in Cape Town surrender to the British.
• 1808 - Pelas 11 horas da manhã, a frota que levava a corte para o Brasil, cruza a linha do Equador. D. Maria I e o Príncipe Regente tornavam-se os primeiros monarcas europeus a passar para o hemisfério austral.
• 1809 - Caiena, capital da Guiana francesa, a Norte do Brasil, é conquistada pelo exército português. A capitulação foi assinada no dia 12.
• 1810 - Marriage of Napoleon and Josephine is annulled.
• 1811 - African-American slaves in Louisiana rebel in two parishes.
• 1811 - Marie-Joseph Chénier dies (b. 1764). French poet.
• 1824 - Victor Emanuel I dies at 64. King of Sardinia (1802-21).
• 1828 - Herman Koeckemann was born (d. 1892). German Catholic prelate.
• 1833 - Adrien-Marie Legendre dies (b. 1752). French mathematician.
• 1843 - Frank James was born (d. 1915). American outlaw.
• 1849 - Francisco Ferrer Guardia was born (d. 1909). Spanish free-thinker.
• 1850 - John Wellborn Root was born. Architect.
• 1851 - Karl Freiherr von Müffling dies (b. 1775). Prussian field marshal.
• 1858 - Heinrich Zille was born (d. 1929). German illustrator and photographer.
• 1859 - Francisco Ferrer was born (d. 1909). Spanish radical educator and anarchist.
• 1861 - Florida secedes from the United States.
• 1862 - Samuel Colt dies (b. 1814). American inventor.
• 1863 - The first section of the London Underground Railway opens (Paddington to Farringdon Street).
• 1866 - Pyotr Pletnyov dies (b. 1792). Russian poet.
• 1869 - Grigori Rasputin was born (d. 1916). Russian monk.
• 1870 - John D. Rockefeller incorporates Standard Oil.
• 1873 - George Orton was born (d. 1958). Canadian athlete.
• 1877 - Se establece en España el servicio militar obligatorio (cuatro años de servicio activo y cuatro en la reserva).
• 1878 - A. Sargent, senador dos Estados Unidos da América pelo estado da Califórnia, apresentou uma proposta de Emenda Constitucional, dando o direito de voto às mulheres. A Emenda só foi aprovada em 1920.
• 1880 - Manuel Azaña was born. Spanish politician and writer. President of the II Spanish Republic ( II República española ).
• 1883 - Aleksei Tolstoy was born (d. 1945). Russian writer.
• 1883 - Francis X. Bushman was born (d. 1966). American actor.
• 1886 - US: Capt. E. Crawford's scouts surround and destroy Geronimo's camp at Nacori near the Aros River in Sonora, Mexico but Geronimo escapes.
• 1887 - Robinson Jeffers was born (d. 1962). American poet.
• 1887 - José Américo de Almeida was born (d. 10 Mar 1980). Brazilian politician and writer, member of Academia Brasileira de Letras (Brazilian Academy of Letters).
• 1989 - Valentin Petrovich Glushko dies (born 20 Aug 1908) Soviet rocket scientist who was a pioneer developer of rocket engines (1946-74).
• 1889 - Ivory Coast declared a protectorate of France.
• 1890 - Grigory Landsberg was born (d. 1957). Russian physicist.
• 1890 - Pope Leo XIII publishes encyclical Sapientiae Christianae
• 1893 - Vicente Huidobro was born. Chilean poet.
• 1895 - Benjamin Godard dies (b. 1849). French composer.
• 1898 - Josefina Barco Silva was born in Lisbon (d. 18 Feb 1993). Portuguese actress.
• 1901 - The first great Texas gusher, oil discovered at Spindletop in Beaumont, Texas.
• 1903 - Dame Barbara Hepworth was born. Sculptor.
• 1904 - Lamartine Babo was born. Brazilian composer of MPB ("música popular brasileira" = Brazilian popular music).
• 1904 - Ray Bolger was born (d. 1987). American actor, singer, dancer.
• 1908 - Paul Henreid was born (d. 1993). Austrian actor.
• 1908 - Bernard Lee was born (d. 1981). British actor.
• 1910 - Galina Ulanova was born in S.Petersburgo [d. 1998]; Russian ballerina (Bolshoi).
• 1912 - O primeiro hidroavião, inventado por Glenn Curtiss, realizou o seu primeiro vôo em Hammondsport, no estado americano de Nova Iorque.
• 1913 - Gustáv Husák was born (d. 1991). President of Czechoslovakia
• 1913 - Mehmet Shehu was born (d. 1981). Albanian politician.
• 1916 - Sune K. Bergström was born (d. 2004). Swedish biochemist who shared the 1982 Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine, (with Bengt Ingemar Samuelsson and John Robert Vane) for the isolation, identification, and analysis of prostaglandins and related biologically active substances.
• 1917 - Jerry Wexler was born. American record producer.
• 1917 - William F. Cody dies (b. 1846). American frontiersman.
• 1918 - Arthur Chung was born. President of Guyana
• 1920 - Max Patkin was born (d. 1999). Baseball player.
• 1920 - League of Nations holds its first meeting and ratifies the Treaty of Versailles ending World War I.
• 1921 - Rodger Ward was born (d. 2004). American race car driver.
• 1922 - Arthur Griffith, the founder of Sinn Fein and one of the architects of the historic 1921 peace treaty with Britain, is elected President of the Irish Free State.
• 1922 - João de Freitas Branco was born in Lisbon. Portuguese musicologist and critic of music.
• 1923 - Lithuania seizes and annexes Memel.
• 1924 - Eduardo Chillida was born. Spanish sculptor.
• 1925 - Max Roach was born. American drummer and composer.
• 1925 - António Sardinha dies in Elvas. Portuguese writer, essayst and politician.
• 1926 - Júlio Pomar was born. Portuguese sculptor and painter.
• 1927 - The film Metropolis by Fritz Lang premiers.
• 1927 - Gisele MacKenzie was born (d. 2003). Canadian singer.
• 1927 - Johnnie Ray was born (d. 1990). American singer.
• 1927 - Otto Stich was born. Swiss politician
• 1928 - Soviet Union orders exile of Leon Trotsky .
• 1929 - Tintin, a comic book character created by Hergé, makes his debut. He went on to be published in over 200 million comic books in 40 languages.
• 1929 - Mexico: Julio Antonio Mella is assassinated by order of the Cuban dictator Gerardo Machado.
• 1930 - Roy Edward Disney was born. American film executive
• 1931 - Peter Barnes was born (d. 2004). English writer.
• 1934 - Leonid Kravchuk was born. Ukrainian politician.
• 1934 - Marinus van der Lubbe dies (b. 1909). Dutch communist accused of setting the Reichstag fire.
• 1935 - Ronnie Hawkins was born. American musician
• 1935 - Sherrill Milnes was born. American baritone
• 1936 - Stephen Ambrose was born (d. 2002). American historian.
• 1936 - Robert Wilson was born. American physicist and radio astronomer, Nobel Prize laureate in 1978.
• 1937 - Thomas Penfield Jackson was born. American judge
• 1938 - Donald Knuth was born. American mathematician and computer scientist
• 1938 - Willie McCovey was born. Baseball player
• 1939 - William Levy was born. Dutch writer
• 1939 - Sal Mineo was born (d. 1976). American actor.
• 1939 - Bill Toomey was born. American athlete.
• 1939 - Santino Maria da Silva Coutinho dies (b. 1868). Brazilian bishop.
• 1941 - Lend-Lease is introduced into the U.S. Congress.
• 1941 - Frank Bridge dies (b. 1879). English composer.
• 1941 - Joe Penner dies (b. 1904). Hungarian-born comedian and actor.
• 1942 - O ator Mickey Rooney de 21 anos casa com uma jovem atriz de 19 anos, até então pouco conhecida, chamada Ava Gardner.
• 1943 - Agustin P Justo y Rolon dies at 66. President of Argentina (1931-38).
• 1943 - Jim Croce was born (d. 1973). American singer.
• 1944 - Frank Sinatra, Jr. was born in Jersey City. American singer and bandleader (Golddigers)
• 1945 - Rod Stewart was born. English singer .
• 1946 - First General Assembly of the United Nations with 51 countries represented.
• 1946 - The first General Assembly of the United Nations convened in London.
• 1947 - Stanford University reported the isolation of the polio virus.
• 1948 - Teresa Graves was born (d. 2002). American actress, singer.
• 1948 - Donald Fagen was born. American keyboardist
• 1948 - Teresa Graves was born (d. 2002). American actress and singer.
• 1948 - Mischa Maisky was born. Latvian cellist
• 1948 - William Sanderson was born. American actor
• 1949 - George Foreman was born. American boxer
• 1949 - James Lapine was born. American stage director
• 1949 - Linda Lovelace was born (d. 2002). Pornographic film American actress.
• 1951 - Sinclair Lewis dies (b. 1885). American writer, Nobel Prize laureate.
• 1951 - Yoshio Nishina dies (b. 1890). Japanese physicist.
• 1952 - Scott Thurston was born. American musician, songwriter
• 1953 - Bobby Rahal, American race car driver
• 1953 - Pat Benatar was born. Polish-American singer .
• 1955 - Michael Schenker was born. German guitarist (UFO)
• 1956 - Shawn Colvin was born. American singer
• 1956 - Antonio Muñoz Molina was born. Spanish writer.
• 1957 - Gabriela Mistral dies dies in Hempstead, New York (b. 1889) ; Chilean poetess who was the first Latin-American woman to win the Nobel Prize for Literature (1945).
• 1957 - Harold Macmillan becomes the prime minister of the United Kingdom.
• 1959 - Simon Sunatori was born. Canadian inventor.
• 1960 - Colonel Gamal Abdel Nasser lays the foundation stone of the Aswan High Dam, Egypt.
• 1961 - Evan Handler was born. American actor.
• 1961 - Dashiell Hammett dies (b. 1894). American writer.
• 1962 - Eruptions on Mount Huascaran in Peru destroy 7 villages & kill 3,500.
• 1964 - Panama severs diplomatic relations with US .
• 1964 - Brad Roberts was born. Canadian singer (Crash Test Dummies)
• 1965 - Sirr al-Khatim al-Khalifa, the Sudanese prime minister, admits to providing aid to Congolese rebels.
• 1967 - The first African-American senator elected by popular vote, Edward Brooke of Massachusetts, took his seat.
• 1969 - Sweden (1st Western country) recognizes North Vietnam.
• 1969 - After 147 years, the last issue of the Saturday Evening Post is published.
• 1970 - Pavel Belyayev dies (b. 1925). Cosmonaut.
• 1970 - Charles Olson dies (b. 27 Dec 1910). American poet and essayst.
• 1971 - Sergi Bruguera was born. Italian tennis star.
• 1971 - Masterpiece Theatre debuts on PBS.
• 1971 - Gabrielle "Coco" Chanel dies (b. 1883). French fashion designer.
• 1972 - Mujibur Rahman assume o cargo de primeiro chefe de governo do novo Estado independente de Bangladesh.
• 1972 - Thomas Alsgaard was born. Norwegian cross-country skier.
• 1972 - Aksel Larsen dies (b. 1897). Danish politician.
• 1973 - Ryan Drummond was born. American voice actor and comedian.
• 1973 - El cineasta español Luis Buñuel, galardonado en Hollywood con el premio al mejor filme extranjero por "El discreto encanto de la burguesía".
• 1975 - Ugandan diplomat Bernadette Olowo is the first female ambassador to the Vatican.
• 1975 - Jake Delhomme was born. American football player.
• 1976 - Howlin' Wolf dies (b. 1910). American musician.
• 1977 - Lord Alexander R. Todd died (born 2 Oct 1907) Baron Alexander Robertus Todd (of Trumpington) was a British biochemist whose research on the structure and synthesis of nucleotides, nucleosides, and nucleotide coenzymes gained him the 1957 Nobel Prize for Chemistry.
• 1978 - Pedro Joaquín Chamorro is assassinated in Managua. Nicaraguan journalist, director and owner of La Prensa.
• 1978 - Gavin McCann was born. English footballer
• 1980 - Janelle Pierzina was born. American reality tevision star (Big Brother 6)
• 1980 - George Meany dies (b. 1894). American labor leader.
• 1981 - Katherine Alexander dies (b. 1898). American actress.
• 1981 - Richard Boone dies (b. 1917). American actor.
• 1981 - Fawn M. Brodie dies (b. 1915). American historian.
• 1982 - Paul Lynde dies (b. 1926). American comedian.
• 1982 - Josh Ryan Evans was born (d. 2004). American actor.
• 1982 - The lowest ever UK temperature of -27.2°C was recorded at Braemar in Aberdeenshire. This equalled the record set in the same place on February 11, 1895.
• 1984 - Bulgarian Tupolev 134 crashs at Sofia airport in Bulgaria, 50 die .
• 1984 - The U.S. and the Vatican reestablished diplomatic relations after a 117-year break.
• 1984 - Suvanna Phuma dies at 82. Premier of Laos.
• 1984 - The United States and the Vatican establish full diplomatic relations.
• 1984 - Argentine ex-president General Bignone arrested .
• 1985 - Daniel Ortega Saavedra inaugurated as President of Nicaragua.
• 1985 - Anton Karas dies (b. 7 Jul 1906). Austrian composer.
• 1986 - Jaroslav Seifert dies (b. 1901). Czech writer, Nobel Prize laureate.
• 1987 - Sir David Robinson dies (b. 1904). British philanthropist and entrepreneur.
• 1989 - Cuban troops begin withdrawing from Angola.
• 1990 - Time Warner is formed from the merger of Time Inc. and Warner Communications Inc.
• 1994 - Lorena Bobbitt goes on trial for severing the penis of her husband John (Manassas, Virginia).
• 1995 - El Rey de España, Juan Carlos I y el ex presidente de Estados Unidos, Jimmy Carter obtienen el Premio de la Paz de la UNESCO.
• 1997 - Right-winger Arnoldo Aleman sworn in as President of Nicaragua.
• 1997 - Elspeth Huxley dies (b. 1907). British journalist and writer.
• 1997 - Sheldon Leonard dies (b. 1907). American producer, actor, and director.
• 1997 - Alexander R. Todd, Baron Todd dies (b. 1907). Scottish chemist, Nobel Prize laureate.
• 1999 - Artur Bual dies in Amadora (b. 1926 in Lisbon). Portuguese painter, sculptor and ceramist.
• 2000 - America Online announces an agreement to buy Time Warner for $162 billion, the largest corporate merger in history.
• 2000 - Sam Jaffe dies (b. 1901). American producer.
• 2003 - Jose Maria Gutierrez dies of a heart attack at age 69. Argentinean actor/writer/director was nominated for the Palm d’Or for Best short film in 1969 for "El Triunfo de la Muerte." Mr. Gutierrez appeared in over thirty films and directed another six.
• 2004 - Sidney Miller died of Parkinson's Disease at age 87; Actor/director/composer he appeared in over 100 films and directed a number of television shows.
• 2004 - Alexandra Ripley died of natural causes (b. 1934). Ms. Ripley was chosen by the estate of Margaret Mitchell to write "Scarlett," a sequel to "Gone With the Wind." Ms. Ripley specialized in writing historical novels.
• 2004 - Spalding Gray dies (b. 1941). American actor and screenwriter.
• 2005 - Gene Baylos dies (b. 1906). American comedian.
• 2005 - Margherita Carosio dies (b. 1928). Italian soprano.
• 2005 - James Forman dies (b. 1928). American civil rights leader.
• 2005 - Erwin Hillier dies (b. 1911). British cinematographer.
• 2005 - Gordon John "Jack" Horner dies. American sports journalist
• 2005 - Joséphine-Charlotte dies (b. 1927). Grandduchess of Luxembourg.