1072 -
Alp Arslan dies (b. 1029). Turkish sultan in Persia.
1488 - Bartholomeus Diaz returns to Portugal after sailing round Cape of Good Hope
1570 - The Peace of Stettin was concluded in Livonia. Denmark recognized the independence of Sweden in the Peace of Stettin. Sweden gave up her claim to Norway.
1582 - Spanish Netherlands / Denmark / Norway adopt Gregorian calendar.
1626 - Adriaen de Vries, Dutch Sculptor / painter, dies at about 70
1648 -
Gregory King was born (d. 1712). English statistician.
1702 -
Forty-seven ronin, formerly in the service of Asano Naganori, assault the household of Kira Yoshinaka, and kill him in vengeance for their lord. Their display of the ideals of
bushido becomes a national legend.
1715 -
George Hickes dies (b. 1642). English minister and scholar.
1792 - 1st life insurance policy issued in US (Philadelphia)
1802 -
János Bolyai was born (d. 1860). Hungarian mathematician.
1817 - Maria Walewska [Leszczinska], lover of Emperor Napoleon I, dies
1832 -
Gustave Eiffel was born in Dijon (d. 1923). French civil engineer. A noted constructor of bridges and viaducts; he also designed the Eiffel Tower and the internal structure of the Statue of Liberty
1859 -
L. L. Zamenhof was born (d. 1917). Russian initiator of Esperanto.
1861 - Lucinda do Carmo was born. portuguese actress.
1861 -
Charles Duryea was born (d. 1938). American automobile pioneer.
1877 - Thomas Edison patents phonograph
1882 - Helena Rubinstein, was born, US cosmetic manufacturer.
1890 - Sioux Indian chief
Sitting Bull (b. c. 1831) and 11 other tribe members were killed by Native American police.
1892 - Jose Maria Castro was borm. Argentine composer and conductor.
1899 -
Harold Abrahams was born (d. 1978). British athlete who won a gold medal in the 100-metre dash at the
1924 Olympic Games in Paris, a victory that became the subject of the Academy Award-winning film
Chariots of Fire (1981). [Note of the webmaster: I watched this film on my wedding's day]
1899 - Battle at Colenso, South Africa, the Boers defeat the British.
1908 - Gualberto Villarroel was born. President of Bolívia (1943-1946)
1910 -
John H. Hammond was born (d. 1987). American musician and record producer.
1912 -
Ray Eames was born (d. 1988). American designer.
1912 -
Stan Kenton was born (d. 1979). American musician.
1916 - the French defeated the Germans in the World War I Battle of Verdun.
1916 -
Buddy Cole was born (d. 1964). American pianist.
1916 -
Miguel Arraes was born in Ceará. Brazilian politician, co-founder of the Socialist Party
1917 - Moldavian Republic declares independence from Russia
1918 -
Jeff Chandler [Ira Grossel] was born in Brooklyn (d. 1961). American actor (Broken Arrow).
1920 - China won a place on the League Council; Austria was admitted.
1922 -
Alan Freed was born (d. 1965). American disc jockey.
1927 - Trotski is excluded from the URSS Comunist Party
1933 -
Tim Conway was born. American actor and comedian
1938 -
Billy Shaw was born. American football player
1944 - Band leader Glenn Miller disappeared in a plane crash over the English Channel.
1944 - American forces invaded Mindoro Island in the Philippines.
1944 - the Senate approved the promotions of Henry H. Arnold, Dwight D. Eisenhower, Douglas MacArthur and George C. Marshall to the five-star rank of General of the Army and the nominations of William D. Leahy, Ernest J. King and Chester W. Nimitz as Admirals of the Fleet.
1946 - Vietnam leader Ho Chi Minh sent a note to the new French Premier, Leon Blum, asking for peace talks.
1947 -
Arthur Machen [pseudonym of Arthur Llewellyn Jones] dies (b. 1863). Welsh-born novelist and essayist
1948 - Former U.S. State Department official
Alger Hiss was indicted on two charges of perjury for lying about his dealings with
Whittaker Chambers, who accused him of membership in a communist espionage ring.
1949 - Albert Camus' "Les Justes" premieres in Paris
1951 - Eric Drummond dies at 75. 1st Secretay-General of League of Nations (1919-33)
1952 - Pope Pius XII publishes encyclical Orientales Ecclesias
1955 - RTP-Radiotelevisão Portuguesa, SARL is incorporated.
1956 -
José Sabogal dies (b. 19 Mar 1888). Peruvian painter.
1956 - The Communist government of Poland allows religious instruction in schools on a voluntary basis.
1961 -
Adolf Eichmann the Nazi SS colonel who organized Adolf Hitler's "final solution of the Jewish question," was sentenced to death by an Israeli court.
1964 -
Canada adopted its national flag, a red maple leaf on a white background.
1965 - two U.S. manned spacecraft, Gemini 6 and Gemini 7, maneuvered to within 10 feet of each other while in orbit.
1965 - Bangladesh windstorm kills 10,000
1965 -The United States bombs an industrial center near Haiphong Harbor, North Vietnam.
1966 -Animated-cartoon pioneer and movie producer
Walt Disney died in Los Angeles (b. 1901)
1970 - S Korean ferry Namyong-Ho sinks in Strait of Korea, around 300 killed
1973 - American Psychiatric Assn declares homosexuality is not mental illness.
1976 - Aden Belza was born. Philisopher
1976 -
Samoa becomes a member of the
UN 1977 - Josh Kern was born. Minor-pro hockey player
1978 - US to recognize Communist China, dump Taiwan. President Jimmy Carter states that as of January 1, 1979, the United States will recognize the communist People's Republic of China (PRC) and sever relations with Taiwan.
1979 - the deposed Shah of Iran left the United States for Panama, the same day the International Court of Justice in The Hague ruled that Iran should release all its American hostages.
1980 - Charles Burton (d.2002) and his party arrived at the South Pole on their 3-year journey to follow the meridian line connecting Greenwich to the North and South Poles.
1981 - NASA launches Intelsat V
1982 - Spain reopens border with Gibraltar.
1982 - Sao Tome & Principe constitution approved.
1985 - Sylvester Stallone & Brigitte Nielson wed
1986 - 150 killed during race riot in Karachi
1989 - A demonstration that turned into a popular uprising in
Romania began the downfall of
Nicolae Ceausescu from power a few days afterward.
1989 - Mercenary coup in Comoros gives up power after 21 days. The mercenary leader and ex-presidential bodyguard, Bob Denard, attempted to create a 'pirate kingdom' after the assassination of the president Ahmed Abderrahman Abdallah.
1989 -
Arnold Moss dies (b. 1910). American character actor
1990 - Rocker Rod Stewart marries super model Rachel Hunter
1991 - At least 464 people were left dead or missing when an Egyptian-registered ferry sank in the Red Sea near the port of Safaga.
1993 - GATT (General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade) Uruguay Round completed with approval by 117 countries
1993 - British premier Major and Irish premier Reynolds sign Downing Street Declaration concerning Northern Ireland self determination
1993 - Haitian premier Robert Malval resigns.
1994 - John Bruton becomes Ireland's premier.
1994 -
Palau become member of the
UN.
1995 - The future european coin is baptized with the name of EURO
1995 - Louis Monier of digital Equipment Corp. unveiled the Alta Vista search engine. It used several hundred “spiders” in parallel to index the web.
1995 - Vasco Graça Moura receives The Pessoa Prize for his translations of Dante. Born in 1942 in Porto, Vasco Graça Moura is one of the leading contemporary poets of the Portuguese language. He has published more than 60 books (poetry, prose, essays, and literary translations) and has won a great many distinctions including the “Golden Crown” of the 43rd edition of the Struga Poetry Evenings.
1995 - Diogo Neto dies. Portuguese general.
1995 - Varela Silva dies. Portuguese actor.
1996 - In Mexico Humberto Roque Villanueva was sworn in as the new head of the ruling Institutional Revolutionary Party (PRI).
1996 - The Russian Booker Prize for literature, inaugurated in 1992, was awarded to Andrei Sergeyev for his book "Stamp Album."
1997 - The U.S. Department of Defense ordered that all 1.4 million Americans in its service be inoculated against
anthrax, a potential weapon of
biological warfare.
1997 - In Guyana elections for president were held. Janet Jagan (77) led the elections with 55%, becoming the first elected female president in South America and the first white president of Guyana.
1998 - A 40-nation conference on the Dayton accord opened in Madrid.
1999 - In Venezuela a vote for the approval of a new constitution was scheduled. The new document contained 368 articles and included the possibility of recall referendums. Voters approved the new constitution which included changing the name of the country to the Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.
2000 - US First Lady and Senator-elect Hillary Rodham Clinton agreed to an $8 million book deal with publisher Simon and Schuster for her White House memoirs.
2000 - Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant shut down for good Operators shut down the Chernobyl nuclear power plant with the flip of a switch, closing the facility for good 14 years after it spawned the world's worst nuclear accident.
2000 - Banif - Banco de Investimento S.A is incorporated.
2001 - The Leaning Tower of Pisa reopens to visitors (no more than 30 at a time), after being closed since 1990, while its tilt was being reduced from 4.50 meters to 4.09 meters.
2001 -
Russ Haas dies (b. 1974). American professional wrestler.
2002 - Election to the 182-seat state assembly of Gujarat, India. The anti-Muslim Hindu fundamentalist Bharatiya Janata Party, which also leads the national coalition government, wins 126 seats, the Congress Party 51. Gujarat, whose population is 55 million, has 5 million Muslims.
2002 - Japan won golf's World Cup for the first time in 45 years.
2002 - In Venezuela hundreds of thousands of people marched through the capital demanding Pres. Chavez step down. The strike had cut oil output by at least 70%.
2003 - Former nurse Charles Cullen was charged with murder after telling prosecutors he had killed 30 to 40 severely ill patients in Pennsylvania and New Jersey since 1987 by injecting them with drugs
2003 - Keith Magnuson dies. National Hockey League player (car accident)
2003 -
George Fisher dies (b. 1923). American political cartoonist.
2003 - In Peru President Alejandro Toledo, with his popularity dropping, swore in a new Cabinet chief and several ministers. Toledo named congressman Carlos Ferrero to replace Prime Minister Beatriz Merino.
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