On this day in History - Sep 23

490 BC - Battle of Marathon; origin of marathon long-distance race (run by Phidippides)
480 BC - Euripides was born (d. 406 BC). Greek playwright
063 BC - Augustus Caesar was born, Roman Emperor (d. AD 14)
0076 - Pope Linus dies.
1122 - Concordat of Worms
1158 - Geoffrey II, Duke of Brittany was born (d. 1186)
1241 - Snorri Sturluson dies (b. 1178). Icelandic historian, poet, and politician.
1459 - Battle of Blore Heath, the first major battle of the English Wars of the Roses, is fought at Blore Heath in Staffordshire.
1529 - The Siege of Vienna begins as Suleiman II begins his attack on the city.
1535 - Catherine of Saxe-Lauenburg dies (b. 1513). Queen of Gustav I of Sweden.
1571 - John Jewel dies (b. 1522). English bishop.
1573 - Azai Hisamasa dies (b. 1524). Japanese warlord.
1598 - Eleonore Gonzaga was born (d. 1655). Wife of Ferdinand II, Holy Roman Emperor
1605 - Pontus de Tyard duies. French poet
1642 - First commencement exercises occur at Harvard University.
1647 - Joseph Dudley was born (d. 1720). Colonial Governor of Massachusetts.
1650 - Jeremy Collier was born (d. 1726). English bishop.
1675 - Valentin Conrart dies (b. 1603). Founder of the Académie Française.
1713 - King Ferdinand VI of Spain was born (d. 1759)
1728 - Christian Thomasius dies (b. 1655). German jurist.
1738 - Herman Boerhaave dies (b. 1668). Dutch humanist and physician.
1740 - Empress Go-Sakuramachi of Japan was born (d. 1813)
1771- Emperor Kokaku of Japan was born (d. 1840).
1773 - Johann Ernst Gunnerus dies (b. 1718). Norwegian bishop and botanist.
1779 - American Revolution; USS Bonhomme Richard, commanded by John Paul Jones, wins a fight against the British ships of war Serapis and Countess of Scarborough off the coast of England.
1780 - American Revolution; British Major John Andre arrested as a spy by American soldiers exposing Benedict Arnold's treason.
1803 - Battle of Assaye
1806 - Lewis and Clark return, after exploring the Pacific Northwest of the United States.

1819 - Hippolyte Fizeau was born (d. 1896). French physicist.
1835 - Vincenzo Bellini dies (b. 1801). Italian composer.
1838 - Victoria Woodhull was born (d. 1927). American suffragist.
1845 - The Knickerbockers Baseball Club, the first baseball team to play under the modern rule, is founded in New York.
1846 - Discovery of Neptune by French astronomer Urbain Jean Joseph Le Verrier and British astronomer John Couch Adams; verified by German astronomer Johann Gottfried Galle

1850 - Morre José Gervasio Artigas. Herói da independencia uruguaia.
1852 - William Stewart Halsted was born (d. 1922). American surgeon.

1856 - Nascimento de Abel Botelho. Militar e escritor português.
1863 - Mary Eliza Church Terrell was born (d. 1954). American writer and social reformer.
1865 - Emmuska Orczy was born (d. 1947). British novelist.
1868 - Grito de Lares (Lares Revolt) occurs in Puerto Rico against Spanish rule.
1870 - Prosper Mérimée dies (b. 1803). French author.
1873 - Jean Chacornac dies (b. 1823). French astronomer.
1875 - William Bonney ("Billy the Kid") is arrested for the first time.
1884 - Herman Hollerith patents his mechanical tabulating machine.
1885 - Morre, em Niterói, José Maria do Amaral (n. 14 Mar 1813). Escritor e diplomata brasileiro.

1889 - Walter Lippmann was born (d. 1974). American journalist.
1889 - Wilkie Collins dies (b. 1824). British author.
1890 - Friedrich Paulus was born (d. 1957). German general.
1895 - Johnny Mokan was born (d. 1985). Baseball player.
1897 - Walter Pidgeon was born (d. 1984). Canadian actor.
1899 - Louise Nevelson was born (d. 1988). Ukrainian-born artist.
1900 - William Marsh Rice dies (b. 1816). American philanthropist and university founder.

1901 - Jaroslav Seifert was born. Tcheckoslovakian writer who won in 1948 The Nobel Prize in Literature.
1911 - Frank Moss was (d. 2003). U.S. Senator from Utah.
1912 - First Mack Sennett "Keystone Comedy" is released.
1915 - Clifford Shull was born (d. 2001). American physicist, Nobel Prize laureate.
1916 - Aldo Moro was born (d. 1978). Italian politician.
1917 - Werner Voss dies (b. 1897). German World War I pilot.
1920 - Mickey Rooney was born. American actor.
1922 - Gdynia Seaport Construction Act passed by the Polish parliament.
1926 - John Coltrane was born (d. 1967). American saxophonist and composer.
1929 - Richard Adolf Zsigmondy dies (b. 1865). Austrian-born chemist, Nobel Prize laureate in 1925
1930 - Ray Charles was born (d. 2004). American musician and singer.
1931 - Gerald Stairs Merrithew was born (d. 2004). Canadian educator and statesman.
1932 - The Kingdom of Hejaz and Nejd is renamed the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

1932 - Nasce Víctor Jara. Cantor e director teatral chileno.
1938 - Romy Schneider was born (d. 1982). Austrian actress.
1939 - Roy Buchanan was born (d. 1988). American guitarist.
1939 - Janusz Gajos was born. Polish actor.
1939 - Sigmund Freud dies (1856). Austrian psychiatrist.
1941 - The first gas experiments are conducted at Auschwitz.
1942 - Sila María Calderón was born. Governor of Puerto Rico
1943 - Julio Iglesias was born. Spanish singer.
1943 - Elinor Glyn dies (b. 01864). English author.
1945 - Paul Petersen was born. American actor
1946 - Franz Fischler was born. Austrian politician
1947 - Mary Kay Place was born. American actress
1949 - Bruce Springsteen was born. American singer and songwriter.
1950 - Sam Barry dies (d. 1892). American basketball player and coach.
1952 - Richard Nixon makes his "Checkers speech".
1954 - Charlie Barnett was born (d. 1996). American actor.
1958 - Marvin Lewis was born. American football coach.
1959 - Jason Alexander was born. American actor
1959 - Elizabeth Peña was born. American actress
1961 - Willie McCool was born. Astronaut
1962 - The Jetsons aired for the first time.
1962 - Lincoln Center for the Performing Arts in New York City opens with the first building completed, Philharmonic Hall, now Avery Fisher Hall home of the New York Philharmonic.
1964 - Koshi Inaba was born. Japanese singer (B'z)

1967 - Morre, em Lisboa, Augusto Casimiro dos Santos (n. 11 Mai 1889). Poeta e memorialista português. Director da revista "Seara Nova" desde 1961 até à sua morte.
1969 - The Chicago 8 trial opens in Chicago, Illinois
1970 - Ani DiFranco was born. American musician
1973 - Juan Perón returns to power in Argentina.
1973 - Pablo Neruda dies (b. 1904). Chilean poet.
1974 - Cliff Arquette dies (b. 1905). American comedian and actor.
1974 - Harumi Inoue was born. Japanese actress and model
1974 - Matt Hardy was born. American professional wrestler
1975 - Jaime Bergman was born. American model and actress
1975 - Chris Hawkins was born. British radio personality and disk jockey.
1978 - Lyman Bostock dies murdered (b. 1950). Baseball player.
1981 - Jack Henry Abbott, best-selling author, is arrested for murder.
1983 - Saint Kitts and Nevis joins the United Nations.
1983 - Gerrie Coetzee of South Africa becomes the first Africam boxing world heavyweight champion.
1984 - Anneliese van der Pol was born. Dutch actress.
1987 - Bob Fosse dies (b. 1927). American dancer, choreographer and actor.

1987 - Pablo Neruda dies in Santiago (b. 1904). Chilean poet. 1971 Nobel Prize in Literature.
1988 - Tibor Sekelj dies (b. 1912). Croatian explorer.

1993 - O COI, reunido en Mónaco, elege Sydney sede dos Jogos Olímpicos de 2000.
1993 - Sonic the Hedgehog CD is released for the Sega Mega-CD in Japan.
1994 - Robert Bloch dies (b. 1917). American author.

1995 - Morre Fernando de Melo Frazão. Ilustrador e figurinista português.
1996 - Morre Dorita Castel-Branco. Escultora portuguesa.
1998 - Mary Frann dies (b. 1943). American actress.
1999 - NASA announces that it lost contact with the Mars Climate Orbiter.
2000 - Aurelio Rodríguez dies (b. 1947). Mexican Major League Baseball player.
2002 - Mozilla Firefox (Phoenix) web browser is born: version 0.1.
2002 - Vernon Corea dies (b. 1927). Sri Lankan broadcaster.
2004 - André Hazes dies (b. 1951). Dutch singer.
2004 - At least 1,070 in Haiti reported killed by floods due to Hurricane Jeanne.
Feast day of Saint Adomnan of Iona
Feast day of St Constantius
In ancient Latvia, the second day of Mikeli
Japanese Autumnal equinox Day (秋分の日/Shūbun no hi)
Astrology: First day of sun sign Libra