On this day in History - Jul 23

1301 - Otto the Merry, was born. Duke of Austria.
1339 - Nascimento de Luís I, Duque de Anjou e Rei de Nápoles.
1373 - Saint Birgitta, dies. Saint

1415 - Partida da expedição portuguesa (30 mil marinheiros e 50 mil soldados) para a conquista do Ceuta
1508 - El militar español Pedro Navarro toma Peñón de Vélez de la Gomera, importante núcleo de piratas del Mediterráneo.

1588 - Battle of the Armada
1626 - Sabbatai Zevi, was born (d. 1676). Jewish false Messiah.
1632 - 300 colonists bound for New France depart Dieppe, France.
1649 - Pope Clement XI was born.
1727 - Simon Harcourt, 1st Viscount Harcourt, dies. Lord Chancellor of Great Britain
1757 - Domenico Scarlatti, dies. Italian composer
1773 - George Edwards, dies (b. 1693). Naturalist.

1773 - O Papa Clemente XIV emite bula extinguindo a Companhia de Jesus (Jesuítas)
1777 - Philipp Otto Runge, was born (d. 1810). Painter
1781 - Zarpa de Cádiz una escuadra española destinada a rescatar la parte de Menorca que estaba en poder de los ingleses desde hacia casi veinte años.
1796 - Franz Berwald, was born (d. 1868). Composer.

1798 - Napoleon captures Alexandria, Egypt
1829 - In the United States, William Austin Burt patents the first typewriter.
1857 - Carl Meinhof, was born. German linguist.

1860 - José María Vargas Vila, was born. Colombian writer.
1862 - American Civil War: Henry W. Halleck takes command of the Union Army.
1865 - Max Heindel (born Carl Louis von Grasshoff in Denmark); was born (d. 1919). Christian occultist, astrologer and mystic.

1875 - Morte de Isaac Singer. Inventor da máquina de costura.
1878 - Hilarión Eslava, dies. Spanish composer and musicologist.

1881 - Harper's Weekly featured a cartoon about the assassination of President James Garfieldthe (See the cartoon)
1884 - Emil Jannings, was born (d. 1950). Actor .
1885 - Ulysses S. Grant, dies. General, 18th President of the United States
1886 - Salvador de Madariaga was born (d. 1978). League of Nations disarmament chief
1888 - Raymond Chandler, was born (d. 1959). Author
1892 - Haile Selassie, was born (d. 1975). Emperor of Ethiopia
1893 - Karl Menninger, was born (d. 1990). Psychiatrist
1899 - Gustav Heinemann, was born ( † 7 Jul 1976). Politician, President of the Federal Republic of Germany.
1906 - Vladimir Prelog, was born (d. 1998). Croat chemist, Nobel Prize
1903 - Dr. Ernst Pfenning of Chicago, Illinois becomes the first owner of a Ford Model A.
1914- Austria-Hungary issues an ultimatum to Serbia allowing the Austrians to find out who killed Archduke Franz Ferdinand. When Serbia denied Austria-Hungary of their demands World War I is sparked on July 28, 1914
1916 - Sir William Ramsay, dies. Scottish chemist, Nobel Prize laureate.
1920 - Conrad Kohrs, dies. Rancher
1921 - Calvert DeForest, was born. Actor (on David Letterman's late night shows)
1923 - Witto Aloma, was born (d. 1997). Major League Baseball player.
1924 - Frank Frost Abbott, dies (b. 1850). American classical scholar.
1926 - Fox Film buys the patents of the Movietone sound system for recording sound onto film.

1927 - Criação da Associação Portuguesa de Editores e Livreiros
1936 - Don Drysdale, was born (d. 1993). Member of the Baseball Hall of Fame
1936 - Anthony Kennedy, was born. Justice on the U.S. Supreme Court
1938 - Bert Newton, was born. Actor, TV show host
1938 - Götz George,was born. Actor
1940 - Don Imus, was born. American talk radio host
1940 - US Under Secretary of State Sumner Welles`s declaration on the US non-recognition policy of the Soviet annexation and incorporation of three Baltic States - Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania.
1942- The Treblinka extermination camp is opened
1942 - Myra Hindley, was born (d. 2002). Moors murderess
1943 - Tony Joe White, was born. R&B singer-songwriter

1944 - Maria João Pires was born. Portuguese pianist.
1947 - David Essex, was born. Rock and roll singer
1947 - Gardner Dozois, was born. Science fiction author
1950 - Alex Kozinski, was born. Circuit Judge

1951 - Général Henri-Philippe Pétain, dies in the Île d'Yeu prison fortress. French national hero of World War I.
1951 - Edie McClurg, was born. Actress .
1951 - É fundada em Lisboa a Liga dos Cegos João de Deus
1952 - General Muhammad Naguib leads the Free Officers Movement (formed by Gamal Abdel Nasser - the real power behind the coup) in the overthrow of King Farouk of Egypt.
1956 - The Loi Cadre is passed by the French Republic in order to order French overseas territory affairs.
1961 - Woody Harrelson, was born. Actor
1961 - Martin Gore, waas born. Musician, songwriter (Depeche Mode)
1962 - Telstar relays the first live trans-Atlantic television signal.
1965 - Slash (born "Saul Hudson"), was born. Guitarist (Guns N Roses)
1967 - Philip Seymour Hoffman,swas born. Actor
1967 - 12th Street Riot: In Detroit, Michigan, one of the worst riots in United States history begins on 12th Street in the predominantly African American inner city (43 killed, 342 injured and 1,400 buildings burned).
1967 - En Puerto Rico se realiza el primer plebiscito sobre su status.

1969 - Nasce em Penafiel, Fernanda Ribeiro. Atleta portuguesa, campeã mundial e olímpica dos 10.000 metros.
1970 - Qaboos ibn Sa’id, becomes Sultan of Oman.
1970 - Thea Dorn, was born. German writer
1971 - Alison Krauss, was born. Bluegrass singer, fiddler
1971 - Dalvin DeGrate aka Mr. Dalvin, was born. R&B singer
1972 - The United States launches Landsat 1, first Earth-resources satellite.

1972 - Eddy Merckx (Belgium) wins his 4th consecutive Tour de France
1973 - Robert Anton Wilson, the occultist/philosopher, either achieved contact with extraterrestrials from Sirius or started a long-term period of having wild hallucinations, depending on which way you want to look at it.
1973 - Nomar Garciaparra, was born. Baseball star shortstop
1973 - Monica Lewinsky, was born. Congressional intern
1974 - Maurice Greene, was born. American athlete
1974 - Terry Glenn, was born. NFL wide receiver
1976 - Judit Polgár, was born. Hungarian Chess Player.
1976 - Tomada de posse do I Governo Constitucional de Portugal com Mário Soares como Primeiro-ministro
1978 - Stefanie Sun, was born. Singaporea songstress
1980 - Michelle Williams, was born. Singer (Destiny's Child)
1982 - The International Whaling Commission decides to end commercial whaling by 1985-86.
1983 - Gimli Glider: Air Canada flight 143 crash-lands in Gimli, Manitoba.
1983 - Rebecca Cartwright, was born. Australian actress
1984 - Vanessa Williams becomes the first Miss America to resign when she surrenders her crown after nude photos of her appeared in "Penthouse" magazine.
1986 - In London, Prince Andrew, Duke of York marries Sarah Ferguson at Westminster Abbey.

1989 - Daniel Radcliffe, was born. Actor (Harry Potter movies) .

1994 - Golpe militar na Gambia que derruba o Presidente Dauda Jawara, sustituido no dia seguinte pelo Tenente Yaya Dieme.

1995 - Miguel Indurain torna-se o primeiro cicclista a vencer por cinco anos consecutivos o Tour de France.
1997 - Digital Equipment Company files antitrust charges against chipmaker Intel.
1999 - Crown Prince Mohammed Ben Al-Hassan, is crowned King Mohammed VI of Morroco at the death of his father.
1999 - Hijack of ANA Flight 61 in Tokyo.

2000 - Tiger Woods, at became at age 24 the youngest golfer to win the career Grand Slam with a record-breaking performance in the British Open.
2001 - Eudora Welty, dies (b. 13 April 1909). Author. Pulitzer Prize-winning writer (The Optimist's Daughter -1972)

2001 - Indonesian president removed from office. Indonesia's People's Consultative Assembly 591-0 impeaches President Abdurahman Wahid and swears in Vice President Megawati Sukarnoputri as President.

2002 - Leo McKern, dies. Actor
2002 - Dr. William L. Pierce, dies. Author, leader of the National Alliance
2002 - Chaim Potok, dies. American novelist
2003 - James E. Davis, dies murdered. New York City councilman.
2003 - Operation Warrior Sweep is the first major military deployment of the Afghan National Army.
2004 - 11 years after its destruction, Stari most (the Old Bridge) in Mostar is reopened.
2004 - Carlos Paredes, dies. Portuguese musician and composer
2004 - Mehmood, dies. Indian actor .

2005 - Egypt Hit By Deadly Bomb Blasts -Suicide car bombers unleashed a trail of carnage in Egypt's Red Sea resort of Sharm el-Sheikh Saturday, killing at least 83 people, including tourists from Britain, Italy and Holland and injuring German nationals.
Egypt - Revolution Day (1952)
Libya - Revolution Day
Papua New Guinea - Remembrance Day
Roman Empire - Neptunalia held in honor of Neptune
Rastafari movement - Celebration of the birthday of Haile Selassie
Astrology: First day of sun sign Leo