On this day in History - Jul 10

48 BC - Battle of Dyrrhachium, Caesar barely avoids a catastrophic defeat to Pompey in Macedonia.
0138 - Hadrian, dies (b. 76). Roman Emperor (b. 76) .

1086 - Morte do rei dinamarquês Knud IV
1099 - Rodrigo Díaz de Vivar, dies (b. 1043). Spanish heroe ("El Cid Campeador") .

1217 - 200 navios de cruzados alemães e húngaros entram nos rios Douro e Tejo (Portugal)

1372 - Assinatura do Tratado de Tagilde entre o rei D. Fernando de Portugal e John Gaunt, duque de Lencastre, filho do rei Eduardo III.
1452 - King James III of Scotland was born (d. 1488)
1460 – Guerra das Rosas – Batalha de Northampton: O Conde de Warwick vence novamente e Henrique VI é feito prisioneiro.
1509 - John Calvin, was born (d. 1564). Swiss theologian.
1559 - Henry II of France dies (b. 1519)
1584 - William I of Orange, dies assassinated (b. 1533) in Delft by Balthasar Gérard. Dutch leader.
1590 - Archduke Charles II of Austria, dies (b. 1540). Regent of Inner Austria.

1654 - Assinatura do tratado de Westminster de paz e aliança entre Portugal e a República Inglesa dirigida por Cromwell.
1778 - American Revolution : Louis XVI of France declares war on the Kingdom of Great Britain.
1789 - Alexander Mackenzie reaches Mackenzie River Delta.
1806 - George Stubbs, dies (b. 1724). British painter.
1821 - The United States takes possession of its newly-bought territory of Florida from Spain.
1830 - Camille Pissarro, was born (d. 1903). French painter.
1832 - Alvan Graham Clark, was born (d. 1897). American telescope maker and astronomer
1832 - President Andrew Jackson vetoes a bill that would re-charter the Second Bank of the United States.

1834 - James McNeil Whistler, was born (d. 1903). American painter.
1835 - Henryk Wieniawski, was born (d. 1880). Polish composer
1842 - Adolphus Busch, was born (d. 1913). German-born brewer.
1850 - Millard Fillmore is inaugurated as the 13th President of the United States.

1851 - Morre Jacques Daguerre, inventor francês, um dos pais da fotografia.
1856 - Nikola Tesla, was born (d. 1943). Croatian physicist.
1871 - Marcel Proust, was born (d. 18 Nov 1922). French writer.

1875 - Mary McLeod Bethune was born. American educator.

1884 - Paul Morphy, dies (b. 1837). American chess player.
1888 - Giorgio Chirico, was born (d. 1978). Italian painter.
1890 - Wyoming is admitted as the 44th U.S. state.
1895 - Carl Orff, was born (d. 1982). German composer.
1899 - John Gilbert, was born (d. 1936). American actor.

1900 - O Metropolitano de Paris é aberto ao público.
1902 - Kurt Alder, was born (d. 1958). German chemist, Nobel Prize laureate.

1902 - Nascimento de Nicolás Guillén.Poeta cubano.
1903 - John Wyndham, was born (d. 1969). British author.

1904 - Porfirio Díaz é reeleito presidente do México por outros seis anos.
1913 - Death Valley, California hits 134 °F (~56.7 °C) which is the highest temperature recorded in the United States (as of 2003).
1914 - Joseph 'Joe' Schuster, was born. Cartoonist
1915 - Saul Bellow, was born. (d. 2005). Canadian writer.
1915 - Milt Buckner, was born. Musician
1920 - David Brinkley, was born (d. 2003). American television reporter.
1920 - Owen Chamberlain, was born. American physicist, Nobel Prize laureate
1920 - Jackie Fisher, dies. (b. 1841). British admiral
1921- Harvey Ball, was born (d. 2001). American inventor.
1921 - Jake LaMotta, was born. American boxer
1921 - Eunice Kennedy Shriver, was born. American activist
1923 - Jean Kerr, was born. (d. 2003). American author
1923 - Earl Hamner Jr., was born. American author and television producer
1925 - The official news agency of the Soviet Union called the Telegraph Agency of the Soviet Union (TASS) is established.
1925 - Scopes Trial: In Dayton, Tennessee, the so-called "Monkey Trial" begins with John T. Scopes, a young high school science teacher, accused of teaching evolution in violation of a Tennessee state law.
1926 - Fred Gwynne, was born (d. 1993). American actor
1928 - Moshe Greenberg, was born. American-Israeli Bible scholar
1931 - Nick Adams, was born (d. 1968). American actor
1931 - Alice Munro, was born. Canadian writer
1938 - Paul Andreu, was born. French architect
1938 - Howard Hughes sets a new record by completing a 91 hour airplane flight around the world.
1939 - Ahmet Taner Kışlalı, was born (d. 1999). Turkish politician, journalist, and educator
1940 - Helen Donath, was born. American soprano
1940 - World War II: Vichy France government established.
1940 - World War II: Battle of Britain - The German Luftwaffe begin to hit British convoys in the English Channel thus starting the battle (this start date is contested, though).

1940 - O marechal Petain assina uma nova constituição, o que equivale ao nascimento da III República francesa.
1941 - Jelly Roll Morton, dies (b. 1890). American jazz musician.

1941 - Nasce Alain Krivine, escritor e dirigente político francês.
1942 - Pyotr Klimuk, was born. Cosmonaut
1942 - Ronnie James Dio, was born. American musician
1943 - Arthur Ashe, was born (d. 1993). American tennis player.

1943 - A Sicília é invadida pelos exércitos aliados.
1947 - Arlo Guthrie, was born. American musician.

1949 - No Festival Cinematográfico de Knokke (Bélgica), o filme Ladrões de Bicicleta, de Vittorio de Sicca é premiado. O filme é um dos expoentes do neorealismo italiano.
1951 - Cheryl Wheeler, was born. American singer and songwriter
1951 - Korean War: At Kaesong, armistice negotiations begin.
1951 - Randy Turpin becomes the middleweight boxing champion after defeating Sugar Ray Robinson.
1954 - Neil Tennant, was born. British musician
1962 - Telstar, the world's first communications satellite, is launched into orbit.

1964 - A estilista inglesa Mary Quant apresenta a mini-saia.
1967 - Uruguay becomes a member of the Berne Convention copyright treaty.
1968 - Maurice Couve de Murville becomes Prime Minister of France
1968 - Hassiba Boulmerka, was born. Algerian athlete.

1972 - Sofia Vergara was born in Barranquilla, Colombia. Model, actress: Acapulco, cuerpo y alma, Big Trouble
1973 - The Bahamas gain full independence within the British Commonwealth.
1974 - O poema "Hino dos Bandeirantes" é instituído como letra oficial do Hino do estado de São Paulo (Brasil).

1976 - Explosion in Seveso - Forty-one containers in Italy carried a highly toxic cargo. The containers came from Seveso in northern Italy, where dioxin had escaped in a tragic accident at a chemicals factory
1978 - John D Rockefeller III, dies (b. 1906). American businessman
1978 - Joe Davis, dioes (b. 1901). English snooker player.
1979 - Arthur Fiedler, dies (b. 1894). American conductor.
1980 - Adam Petty, was born (d. 2000). American race car driver
1980 - Jessica Simpson, was born. American singer.

1981 - Criação da Fundação Salvador Caetano.

1983 - Morre Estrellita Castro, cantora espanhola.
1985 - The Greenpeace vessel, the Rainbow Warrior is bombed and sunk in Auckland Harbor by French DGSE agents.
1985 - After a storm of controversy surrounding a change in its cola's formula (see New Coke), Coca-Cola re-introduces the old formula as "Coca-Cola Classic."
1987 - John Hammond, dies (b. 1910). American record producer.
1989 - Mel Blanc, dies in Los Angeles (b. 1908). American voice actor : the “man of a thousand voices,” including such cartoon characters as Bugs Bunny, Daffy Duck, and Porky Pig.

1991 - Boris Yeltsin begins his 5-year term as the first elected president of Russia.
1992 - In Miami, Florida, former Panamanian leader Manuel Noriega is sentenced to 40 years in prison for drug and racketeering violations.

1994 - Vitória de Leonid Kuchma nas eleições presidenciais da Ucrânia, e de Alexander Lukashenko, nas primeiras eleições presidenciais da Bielorrúsia.

1995 - Myanmar activist Aung San Suu Kyi was released after six years of house arrest.
1997 - London, scientists report their DNA analysis findings from a Neandertal skeleton which support the out of Africa theory of human evolution placing an "African Eve" at 100,000 to 200,000 years ago.
1998 - The DNA-identified remains of United States Air Force 1st Lt. Michael Joseph Blassie arrive home to his family in St. Louis, Missouri after being in the Tomb of the Unknowns since 1984.
1998 - Catholic priests' sex abuse scandal: The Diocese of Dallas agrees to pay $23.4 million to nine former altar boys who claimed they were sexually abused by former priest Rudolph Kos.
2000 - In southern Nigeria, a petroleum pipeline explodes killing about 250 villagers who were scavenging gasoline.
2000 - EADS, the world's second largest aerospace group is formed by the merger of Aérospatiale-Matra, DASA, and CASA.

2001 - Um júri norte-americano condena à prisão perpétua o terrorista islâmico Jalfan Jamis Mohamed, autor do atentado contra a Embaixada dos Estados Unidos na Tanzânia, no qual morreram 11 pessoas.

2001 - Morte de Álvaro Alfredo Magaña Borja. Presidente de El Salvador (1982-1984)
2002 - At a Sotheby's auction, Peter Paul Rubens' painting "The Massacre of the Innocents" is sold for £49.5million (US$76.2 million) to Lord Thomson.
2003 - A Neoplan bus, owned by Kowloon Motor Bus, crashed by a container truck and fell from the flyover of Tuen Mun Road, into the valley under it. 21 people (including the driver) were killed in this accident. This is the largest number of deaths by bus crashes in Hong Kong
2003 - Lord Shawcross, dies (b. 1902). Britain's chief prosecutor at the Nuremberg Trials .

2003 - Spain opened its first mosque (in Granada) since the Moors were expelled in 1492.
2004 - Morre Maria de Lourdes Pintasilgo, política portuguesa, primeira mulher a ocupar o lugar de primeiro-ministro no país (n. 1930) .

2005 - UK Police Defend Birmingham Evacuation- Only days after deadly bomb attacks in London, some 20,000 people were evacuated from Birmingham overnight Saturday as police reacted to a "credible threat" to the central English city.
Bahamas - Independence Day
Silence Day - celebrated by followers of Meher Baba
Mauritania - Armed Forces Day
Ancient Latvia - Septinu Bralu Diena observed