On this day in History - Jan. 20

• 225 - Gordian III, Roman emperor (d. 244).
• 250 -Fabianus, Pope (236-50) , saint, dies .
• 1156 - According to legend, freeholder Lalli slays English crusader Bishop Henry with an axe on the ice of the lake Köyliönjärvi in Finland. Because this Bishop Henry, was converted in patron saint of Finland.
• 1265 - In Westminster, the first English parliament conducts its first meeting in the Palace of Westminster, now also known as the Houses of Parliament.
• 1320 - Duke Wladyslaw Lokietek becomes king of Poland.
• 1356 - Edward Balliol resigns as King of Scotland.
• 1435 - Ashikaga Yoshimasa, dies, Ashikaga shogun (b. 1490) .
• 1479 - John II, King of Aragon / Navarra, dies at 81.
• 1486 - Cristóvão Colombo se apresenta em Córdoba aos Reis Católicos, oferecendo seus serviços científicos e pesquisadores, como a nova rota às Índias.
• 1523 - Christian II was forced to abdicate as King of Denmark and Norway.
• 1554 - Rei Sebastião de Portugal nasceu neste dia.
• 1590 - Giovanni Battista Benedetti, dies, Italian mathematicien, philosopher and physicien.
• 1666 Anna of Austria queen of France/daughter of Philip III, dies at 64 .
• 1667 - Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth cedes Kyiv, Smolensk, and left-bank Ukraine to Imperial Russia in the treaty of Andrusiv .
• 1716 - Nacimiento de Carlos III de España.
• 1732 - Richard Henry Lee was born, political leader in the American Revolution .
• 1783 - Britain signs a peace treaty with France and Spain, officially ending hostilities in the Revolutionary War.
• 1801 - John Marshall was appointed Chief Justice of the U.S. Supreme Court.
• 1807 - Combate del Cardal, en el que la guarnición de Montevideo sucumbió, tras brava resistencia, ante los invasores ingleses.
• 1812- Thomas Meik, was born, engineer (d. 1896) .
• 1817 - Tropas portuguesas, al mando del general Carlos Federico Lecor, ocupan Montevideo.
• 1839 - In the Battle of Yungay, Chile defeats a Peruvian and Bolivian alliance.
• 1840 - Dumont D'Urville discovers Adélie Land, Antarctica.
• 1840 - Willem II becomes King of the Netherlands.
• 1841 - A ilha de Hong Kong é cedida pela China à Grã-Bretanha. Mas o acordo entre os dois países estabelece que Hong Kong voltará ao controle chinês em julho de 1997.
• 1856 - Harriot Eaton Stanton Blatch, was born, women's rights activist (d. 1940) .
• 1857 -Vladimir Bekhterev was born [d. 24 Dec 1927]. Russian neurophysiologist and psychiatrist who studied the formations of the brain and investigated conditioned reflexes.
• 1866 - - Euclides da Cunha, nascimento de, escritor brasileiro (m. 1909).
• 1868 - Wilhelm Schaeffer, nascimento deste escritor alemão.
• 1868 - O Papa Pío IX concede a Rosa de Ouro à Rainha da Espanha, Isabel II.
• 1873 - Johannes Vilhelm Jensen, was born, Danish author, Nobel prize winner (d. 1950) .
• 1876 - Jozef Hofmann, was born, Polish pianist (d. 1967) .
• 1882 - Comienzan las obras de excavación del Canal de Panamá.
• 1885 - Leadbelly(Huddie Ledbetter) was born [d. 1949] American Blues Singer.
• 1885 - L.A. Thompson patents the roller coaster.
• 1887 - The United States Senate allows the Navy to lease Pearl Harbor as a naval base.
• 1890 - O Hino Nacional do Brasil, composto por Francisco Manuel da Silva, é oficializado.
• 1891 - James Hogg becomes the first native Texan to be governor of that state.
• 1892 - At the YMCA in Springfield, Massachusetts, the first official basketball game is played.
• 1906 - Nace Aristóteles Sócrates Onassis, empresario griego.
• 1907 - Dmitri Ivanovich Mendeleev, dies,[b.1834] Russian chemist and inventor of the Periodic table .
• 1910 - Joy Adamson Adamson was born [d. 3 Jan 1980]. Naturalist, conservationalist and author of the best-selling book "Born Free," was killed in Northern Kenya by a servant in a wage dispute.
• 1915 - Ghulam Ishaq Khan, was born, President of Pakistan .
• 1917 - Fernando Rey, nacimiento de , actor español.
• 1920 -Federico Fellini was born, Italian film director (d. 1993) .
• 1921 - The first constitution of Turkey was adopted, which made fundamental change in the source and exercise of sovereignty.
• 1922 -Camille Jordan dies [b. 5 Jan 1838] French mathematician and engineer who prepared a foundation for group theory and built on the prior work of Évariste Galois (died 1832).
• 1925 - Ernesto Cardenal, nacimiento de, teólogo y político nicaragüense.
• 1929 - The movie In Old Arizona was released. The film was the first full-length talking film to be filmed outdoors.
• 1929 - Trotski é expulso da URSS e deportado à Turquia.
• 1930 - Buzz Aldrin was born, American astronaut.
• 1931 - David M. Lee was born. American physicist who, with Robert C. Richardson and Douglas D. Osheroff, was awarded the Nobel Prize for Physics in 1996 for their joint discovery of superfluidity in the isotope helium-3.
• 1933 - Inauguración de la plaza de toros de Maracay (Venezuela), ahora denominada maestranza "César Girón".
• 1936 - Edward VIII becomes King of the United Kingdom.
• 1936 - Rei Jorge V do Reino Unido falecimento de.
• 1937 - Franklin D. Roosevelt is inaugurated for a second term as President of the United States. This is the first inauguration scheduled on January 20, following adoption of the 20th Amendment. Previous inaugurations were scheduled on March 4.
• 1939 - King Farouk is declared the spiritual leader, or Caliph, of Islam.
• 1940 - Jorge Peixinho was born, in Montijo [d.30.Jun.1995], Portuguese composer.
• 1941 - Franklin D. Roosevelt is inaugurated for a third term as President of the United States, becoming the only President to be elected to three terms.
• 1942 - World War II: Nazis at the Wannsee conference in Berlin decide the "final solution to the Jewish problem".
• 1942 -The Nazis formulated their "Final Solution" regarding the Jews at the Wannsee Conference.
• 1944 - World War II: The Royal Air Force drops 2,300 tons of bombs on Berlin.
• 1945 - Franklin D. Roosevelt is inaugurated for a fourth term as President of the United States, becoming the only President to be elected to four terms.
• 1945 - Hungary drops out of the Second World War, agreeing an armistice with the Allies.
• 1946 - David Lynch, was born, film director .
• 1948 -Mahatma Gandhi, India's pacifist, dies assassinated .
• 1949 - Harry S. Truman is re-inaugurated as the 33rd President of the United States.
• 1952 - Edgar Faure becomes Prime Minister of France.
• 1953 - Dwight D. Eisenhower is inaugurated as the 34th President of the United States.
• 1954 - The National Negro Network is established with 40 charter member radio stations.
• 1957 - Dwight D. Eisenhower is inaugurated for a second term as President of the United
• States.
• 1958 - Elvis Presley receives his draft notice.
• 1961 - John F. Kennedy is inaugurated as the 35th President of the United States.
• 1964 -The Beatles released their first album in the United States, Meet the Beatles.
• 1965 - Lyndon B. Johnson is re-inaugurated as the 36th President of the United States.
• 1966 -Tia Carrere was born in Honolulu HI, actress (Wayne's World, General Hospital) .
• 1969 - The first pulsar is discovered, in the Crab Nebula.
• 1969 - Richard M. Nixon is inaugurated as the 37th President of the United States.
• 1972 - Dimite el Gobierno de Chile en pleno para facilitar a Salvador Allende su reorganización.
• 1973 - Richard M. Nixon is inaugurated for a second term as President of the United States.
• 1975 - Michael Ovitz founds Creative Artists Agency.
• 1977 - Jimmy Carter is inaugurated as the 39th President of the United States.
• 1980 - Super Bowl XIV sees the coronation of the Pittsburgh Steelers as the team of the 1970s as they defeat the Los Angeles Rams, 31-19.
• 1980 - Os Estados Unidos anunciam o boicote às Olimpíadas de Moscou em virtude de conflitos políticos entre os dois países.
• 1981 - Ronald W. Reagan is inaugurated as the 40th President of the United States. Minutes later, Iran releases 52 American hostages.
• 1981 -President Reagan became the oldest president to take office (69 years and 349 days).
• 1981 -52 American hostages seized from the American Embassy in Tehran were released after 444 days in captivity.
• 1983 - Mané Garrincha, morte de, jogador de futebol brasileiro, bicampeão mundial (58 e 62).
• 1984 - Johnny Weissmuller, dies, [b. 1904] Olympic swimming gold medalist, actor (Tarzan).
• 1985 - Super Bowl XIX becomes the most watched game in history. Television commercials ran for a million dollars a minute.
• 1985 - Ronald W. Reagan is inaugurated for a second term as President of the United States.
• 1986 - The United Kingdom and France announce plans to construct the Channel Tunnel.
• 1986 -Martin Luther King, Jr., day was celebrated as a federal holiday for the first time.
• 1987 - Church of England envoy Terry Waite is kidnapped in the Lebanon.
• 1998 - American researchers announced they have cloned calves that may produce medicinal milk.
• 1989 - George H. W. Bush is inaugurated as the 41st President of the United States.
• 1991 - Sudan's government imposes Islamic law nationwide, worsening the civil war between the country's Muslim north and Christian south.
• 1993 - Bill Clinton is inaugurated as the 42nd President of the United States.
• 1993 - Audrey Hepburn, dies in Switzerland [b. 1929] actress .
• 1994 - Death of Jaramogi Oginga Odinga, Kenyan independence leader and key opposition figure to President Daniel Moi's regime.
• 1994 - In South Carolina, Shannon Faulkner becomes the first female cadet to attend The Citadel but soon drops out.
• 1996 - Yasser Arafat is elected president of the Palestinian Authority.
• 1996 - Madonna llega Buenos Aires para protagonizar la película Evita, de Alan Parker.
• 1997 - Bill Clinton starts his second term as President of the United States.
• 1997 - O Governo de Zaire declara guerra aos rebeldes tutsis, que controlam militarmente o leste do país apoiados por Ruanda y Burundi. 200 mil refugiados seguem perdidos, sem alimento algum.
• 1999- The China News Service announces new government restrictions on Internet use aimed especially at Internet bars.
• 2001 - George W. Bush is inaugurated as the 43rd President of the United States.
• 2001 - Philippines president Joseph Estrada resigns.
• 2002 - Michael Jordan, now of the Washington Wizards, plays his first game in Chicago since rejoining the NBA.
• 2002 - Inauguration of Churches Uniting in Christ.
• 2003 -North Korea announced that it was withdrawing from the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty.
• 2003 - Nedra Volz , dies of complications from Alzheimer’s Disease at age 94. Ms. Volz made a career out of playing "Old Ladies." Ms. Volz was a regular on several TV series including "Different Strokes," "The Dukes of Hazzard," "The Fall Guy," "Filthy Rich" and "Babes."
• 2005 - George W. Bush will be inaugurated for a second term as President of the United States.