On this day in History - Jan. 15

• 69 a.C.. O imperador romano Galba foi morto pela Guarda Pretoriana no Forum de Roma. Tinha sucedido a Nero, e o seu assassinato deu origem a uma época de 30 anos de anarquia governativa no império romano.
• 41 - Caligula, dies. Roman Emperor (b. 12) .
• 69 - Otho seizes power in Rome, proclaiming himself Emperor of Rome, but only survives for three months before committing suicide.
• 1432 - King Afonso V of Portugal was born (d. 1481) .
• 1535 - Henrique VIII tornou-se Chefe Supremo da Igreja de Inglaterra em resultado do Acto de Supremacia que tinha provocado a separação da Igreja Católica Romana.
• 1559- Queen Elizabeth I was crowned in Westminster Abbey.
• 1582 - Russia cedes Livonia and Estonia to Poland.
• 1595- Murat III, dies [b. 1546], Ottoman Emperor .
• 1597 - Juan de Herrera, dies, arquitecto español, autor de los planos del Monasterio del Escorial.
• 1622 - Jean Baptiste Poquelín, was born dramaturgo francés.
• 1622 - Molière, was born French playwright (d. 1673) .
• 1747 - John Aikin, was born, English doctor and writer (d. 1822) .
• 1759 -The British Museum opened.
• 1774 - El virrey de Buenos Aires, Juan José Vértiz y Salcedo, sale de Montevideo al frente de sus tropas y derrota a los invasores portugueses.
• 1777 - American Revolutionary War: New Connecticut declares its independence. Six months later it was renamed Vermont.
• 1782 - Superintendent of Finance Robert Morris goes before the U.S. Congress to recommend establishment of a national mint and decimal coinage.
• 1790 - Franz Grillparzer, was born, Austrian lyricist (d. 1872) .
• 1810 -Abigail Kelley Foster was born , abolitionist .
• 1810 - José Bonaparte, à frente de Exército de 80 mil homen, chega a Serra Morena, iniciando a ocupação de Andaluzia.
• 1844 - University of Notre Dame receives its charter from Indiana.
• 1850 - Mihai Eminescu, was born, Romanian poet (d. 1889) .
• 1859 - Estalla una revolución en Haití que destrona al emperador Faustino I.
• 1861 - Elisha Otis patenta el ascensor a vapor, formando la base de su compañía de elevadores.
• 1863 - Wilhelm Marx, German politician, chancellor of the Weimar Republic .
• 1866 - Nathan Söderblom, was born, eclesiástico sueco, premio Nobel de la Paz en 1930.
• 1882 - Daniel Vázquez Díaz, nacimiento de pintor español.
• 1865 - Nace Joaquín González Camargo, poeta colombiano.
• 1869 - Stanisław Wyspiański, Polish dramatist, poet, painter, architect (d. 1907)
• 1870 - Pierre S. DuPont, was born, industrialist .
• 1870 - A political cartoon for the first time symbolizes the United States Democratic Party with a donkey ("A Live Jackass Kicking a Dead Lion" by Thomas Nast for Harper's Weekly).
• 1875 - Tom Burke, was born, American runner .
• 1879 - Mazo de la Roche, was born, Canadian author (d. 1961).
• 1881 - Batalla de Miraflores, durante la guerra del Pacífico entre los ejércitos chileno y peruano, que da la victoria a los primeros, abriéndoles las puertas de Lima.
• 1891 - Osip Mandelstam, Soviet poet and essayist (d. 1938).
• 1892 - Rex Ingram, director, writer (d. 1950) .
• 1892 - James Naismith publishes the rules for basketball.
• 1893 - Ivor Novello, was born, actor, musician (d. 1951).
• 1896 - Víctor de la Serna, was born, escritor chileno afincado en España.
• 1899 - Goodman Ace, was born, actor, comedian, writer (d. 1982).
• 1901 - Nace la cantante de tangos Rosita Quiroga.
• 1904 - Manuel Amador Guerrero, es elegido primer presidente constitucional de Panamá por la Convención Nacional.
• 1906 - Nace Aristóteles Onassis, armador y multimillonario griego.
• 1907 - El Dr. Lee de Forest patenta el tubo de vacío.
• 1908 -Edward Teller was born, atomic physicist (d. 2003).
• 1909 - Gene Krupa, was born, drummer (d. 1973) .
• 1910-France reorganizes its various colonies in Central and West Africa as French Equatorial Africa.
• 1911 - Carlos Côrrea Mascaro, nascimento de, educador brasileiro.
• 1913 - Lloyd Bridges, was born, actor (d. 1998).
• 1913 - Primera transmisión telefónica sin hilos entre Nueva York y Berlín.
• 1915 - Mary Slessor, dies, Scottish Christian missionary to West Africa (b. 1848) .
• 1918 - Gamal Nasser was born, Egyptian statesman, prime minister and president
  (d. 1970) .
• 1918 - Robert Byrd, was born American politician .
• 1918 - João Figueiredo, nascimento de, 42° presidente do Brasil (1979/1985).
• 1919 - Assassinato em Berlim de Rosa Luxemburgo (b. 1870) e Karl Liebknecht, fundadores do Partido Comunista alemão e principais líderes da insurreição espartaquista na capital alemã.
• 1919 - The Boston Molasses Disaster kills 21 people.
• 1919 - Ignace Paderewski becomes Premier of Poland.
• 1923 - Lee Teng-hui, was born, Taiwanese politician .
• 1926 - Maria Schell, was born, Swiss actress .
• 1926 - Domingo de Orueta y Duarte, nacimiento de, cientifico español que fue presidente de la Academia Española de Historia Natural.
• 1929 - Martin Luther King Jr. was born in Atlanta, Georgia [d. 1968 killed in Menfis];American Civil Rights Leader. Nobel Prize awarded 1964.
• 1931 - Un terremoto destruye la ciudad de Oaxaca (México).
• 1934 - Um terremoto causa a morte de 10.700 pessoas no norte da Índia.
• 1935-Somaliland and Eritrea joined by Mussolini to form Italian East Africa.
• 1936 - The first building to be completely covered in glass is completed in Toledo, Ohio (the building was for the Owens-Illinois Glass Company).
• 1937 - Margaret O'Brien, was born, actress .
• 1938- Bombardeo de Barcelona.
• 1941 - Alfonso XIII abdica em Roma de seus direitos ao trono espanhol.
• 1942 - Nehru sucede Gandhi à frente do Partido Popular do Congresso Indiano.
• 1943 - Finalização das obras do Pentágono, sede do Departamento de Defesa do Estados Unidos, em Washington, o maior prédio de escritórios do mundo.
• 1943 - World War II: Japanese driven off Guadalcanal.
• 1943 - The world's largest office building, The Pentagon, is dedicated (Arlington, Virginia).
• 1944 - Un terremoto destruye la ciudad de San Juan en Argentina.
• 1948 - Ronnie VanZant, lead vocal for Lynyrd Skynyrd (d. 1977) .
• 1951 - Ilse Koch, The "Bitch of Buchenwald", wife of the commandant of the Buchenwald concentration camp, is sentenced to life imprisonment in a court in West Germany.
• 1954- "General China", the Mau Mau's second in command, is wounded and captured by the British.
• 1955 - Yves Tanguy, dies, Surrealist painter (b. 1900) .
• 1957 - Mario Van Peebles, was born actor, director .
• 1957 - Julian Sands, was born, actor .
• 1964 - Jack Teagarden, dies, musician (b. 1905) .
• 1965 - Adam Jones, was born, musician of Tool.
• 1967 - Super Bowl I is played - The Green Bay Packers defeat the Kansas City Chiefs, 35-10.
• 1969 - The Soviet Union launches Soyuz 5.
• 1970 - After a 32-month fight for independence from Nigeria, Biafra surrenders.
• 1970- Muammar al-Qaddafi is proclaimed premier of Libya.
• 1973 - Vietnam War: Citing progress in peace negotiations, President of the United States Richard Nixon announces the suspension of offensive action in North Vietnam.
• 1973 - Golda Meir é a primeira líder israelense a ser recebida pelo Papa.
• 1973 - O presidente americano Richard Nixon suspende a ofensiva no Vietnã. A guerra era travada entre o Norte, apoiado pelos comunistas, e o sul, que tinha apoio dos Estados Unidos.
• 1974 - Happy Days premiers on ABC.
• 1975 - Portugal garante a independencia de Angola pelos acordos de Alvor entre o Governo Português e os Movimentos de Libertação Angolanos. Fixa-se a data da independência: 11/11/75.
• 1976 - Would-be Gerald Ford presidential assassin Sara Jane Moore is sentenced to life in prison.
• 1981 - El Hadji Diouf, was born, Senegalese football star.
• 1982 - Benjamin Agosto, was born, American skater .
• 1983 - Meyer Lansky, dies, mobster (b. 1902).
• 1984 - Megan Quann, was born, U.S. swimmer .
• 1985 - Tancredo Neves es elegido presidente del Brasil (pero murió antes de asumir el poder).
• 1986 - Acidente de helicóptero no Rally Paris-Dakar. Morrem o organizador, Thierry Sabine, e mais quatro pessoas.
• 1987 - La Junta militar chilena aprueba la ley de partidos políticos, que los autoriza, por primera vez, desde el golpe de estado de 1973.
• 1988 - Morre Sean Mc Bride, político irlandês, Prêmio Nobel (1974) e Prêmio Lenin da Paz.
• 1990 - Gordon Jackson, dies, film tv actor; best known as the butler 'Hudson' on Upstairs Downstairs (b. 1923).
• 1990 - AT&T's long distance telephone network suffers a cascade switching failure.
• 1991 - Irak no se retira de Kuwait y queda expuesto al ataque de derivó en la Guerra del Golfo.
• 1992-The European Community recognized Croatia and Slovenia as separate states, effectively ending the Yugoslav federation, founded in 1918.
• 1992 - Terroristas do ETA assassinam o professor Manuel Broseta, em Valência, na Itália.
• 1996 - O primeiro-ministro socialista da Grécia, Andréas Papandreou, renuncia por motivos de saúde.
• 1993 - Sammy Cahn, dies, songwriter (b. 1913)-
• 1994 - Harry Nilsson, dies,musician (b. 1941) .
• 1994-The Pan African Congress agrees to renounce the armed struggle against South Africa's government and register as a political party in the forthcoming election.
• 1996 -Motlotlehi Moshweshwe II, paramount chief of the Sotho and former constitutional monarch of Lesotho, dies in a car crash.
• 1996 - Mario Vargas Llosa toma posesión del sillón "L" de la Real Academia Española de la Lengua.
• 1998 - Junior Wells, dies, musician.
• 2001 - Wikipedia, a Wiki free content encyclopedia, goes online: Wikipedia Day .
• 2003 - Gladys Kamakakuokalani Ainoa Brandt, dies,Hawaiian educator; fought for native Hawaiian rights .
• 2003 - Doris Fisher, dies singer and songwriter .