On this day in History - Apr. 2

• 0742 - Charlemagne was born († 0814). King of the Franks and emperor of the Romans.
• 0999 - Sylvester II was elected pope.
• 1118 - Baldwin I of Jerusalem dies; Baldwin Le Bourg is named his successor. Baldwin I had been the real founder of the Latin Kingdom of Jerusalem and the real force behind its expansion. Baldwin the second is his cousin and the choice of the various barons / Morte de Balduino I (rei de Jerusalém)
• 1212 - Exumação do corpo de São Isidro Labrador (1082-1172).
• 1272 - Richard, 1st Earl of Cornwall dies (b. 1209). Holy Roman Emperor.
• 1284 - Nascimento de Eduardo II de Inglaterra
• 1285 - Honorius IV was elected pope / Início do pontificado do Papa Honório IV.
• 1335 - Duke Henry of Carinthia dies.
• 1348 - Andronicus IV Palaeologus was born (d. 1385). Eastern Roman Emperor.
• 1383 - Escritura de casamento da infanta D. Beatriz com D. João de Castela.
• 1412 - Ruy Gonzáles de Clavijo dies. Spanish traveler and writer.
• 1416 - Início do reinado de Afonso V, o Magnânimo - rei de Aragão.
• 1453 - Mehmed II begins his siege of Constantinople (İstanbul), which would fall on May 29.
• 1502 - Prince Arthur Tudor dies (b. 1486). Elder brother of Henry VIII of England.
• 1507 - Francis of Paola dies (b. 1416). Italian founder of the Order of the Minims.
• 1510 - Ashikaga Yoshiharu was born(† 1550). Ashikaga shogun.
• 1513 - Juan Ponce de Leon sets foot on Florida becoming the first known European to do so.
• 1521 - Martin Luther left for Worms. He had been summoned there by Church officials to be questioned about his writings.
• 1524 - At the age of 40, Swiss Protestant reformer Ulrich Zwingli (once a Catholic priest) married widow Anna Meyer. Their marriage lasted until Zwingli was killed at the Battle of Kappel in 1531.
• 1527 - Abraham Ortelius was born (d. 1598). Flemish cartographer and geographer.
• 1545 - Elizabeth of Valois was born († 1568). Queen of Philip II of Spain.
• 1550 - Jews were expelled from Genoa, Italy.
• 1565 - Cornelis de Houtman was born (d. 1599). Dutch explorer.
  
• 1565 - Isidoro Aliaga was born. Spanidh Archbishop.
• 1566 - Santa Maria Magdalena de Pazzi was born (canonized on 28 Apr 1669).Italian misticist and saint.
  
• 1587 - Virgínia Centurione was born (canonized on 18 May 2003).
• 1614 - Jahanara Begum Sahib was born (d. 1681). The eldest daughter of Shah Jahan and Mumtaz Mahal.
• 1618 - Francesco Maria Grimaldi was born (d. 1663). Italian mathematician and physicist.
• 1653 - Prince George of Denmark was born (d. 1708). Prince consort of Anne of England.
• 1657 - Ferdinand III, Holy Roman Emperor dies (b. 1608).
• 1657 - Jean-Jacques Olier dies (b. 1608). French catholic priest, founder of the Society of Saint-Sulpice.
• 1671 - Canonização de Rosa de Lima (1586 - 1617).
• 1681 - King Charles II of England officially proclaimed the charter he had granted in March to William Penn for the Quaker colony of Pennsylvania in North America.
• 1705 - Morte do compositor alemão Johann Löhner.
• 1709 - Giovanni-Battista Gaulli “Il Baciccio” dies (b. 08 May 1639). Italian Baroque painter.
• 1719 - Johann Wilhelm Ludwig Gleim was born (d. 1803). German poet.
• 1720 - Joseph Dudley dies (b. 1647). Colonial Governor of Massachusetts.
• 1725 - Giacomo Casanova was born in Venice, Italy († 4 Jun 1798). Adventurer (his name became synonymous for philanderer) and writer.
• 1733 - Giacomo Tritto was born. Italian composer.
• 1742 - James Douglas dies (b. 1675). Scottish physician and anatomist.
• 1747 - Johann Jacob Dillenius dies (b. 1684). German botanist.
• 1751 - John L. Smibert dies in Boston (b. 24 Mar 1688 in Edinburgh). Scottish born/ American Baroque painter specialized in Portraits.
• 1754 - Thomas Carte dies (b. 1686). English historian.
• 1755 - Commodore William James captures pirate fortress of Severndroog on west coast of India.
• 1763 - Giacomo Gotifredo Ferrari was born. Italian composer.
• 1781 - Bhagwan Swaminarayan was born (d. 1830). Religious leader.
• 1783 - William Henry Cavendish-Bentinck assume o cargo de primeiro-ministro britânico
• 1787 - Thomas Gage dies (b. 1719). British general.
• 1788 - Francisco Balagtas was born (d. 1862). Filipino poet.
• 1791 - Mirabeau [Honoré Gabriel Riqueti] dies (b. 1749). Conde de Mirabeau. French writer and statesman.
• 1792 - The Coinage Act is passed establishing the United States Mint.
• 1798 - August Heinrich Hoffmann von Fallersleben was born ( † 1874). German poet.
• 1799 - Nascimento de Charles Philip Yorke (4º conde de Hardwicke).
• 1800 - Manhattan Well Mystery: In New York City, the trial of Levi Weeks ends with an acquittal. Weeks was defended by Alexander Hamilton and Aaron Burr.
• 1801 - Napoleonic Wars: Battle of Copenhagen - The British destroy the Danish fleet.
• 1801 - Thomas Dadford Junior dies. British canal engineer.
• 1801 - Batalha naval de Copenhaga entre as frotas Britânica e Dinamarquesa. Comandada por Nelson a frota britânica destrói a frota dinamarquesa.
• 1803 - Sir James Montgomery, 1st Baronet dies (b. 1721). Scottish politician and judge.
• 1804 - Forty merchantmen are wrecked when a convoy led by HMS Apollo runs aground off Portugal.
• 1805 - Hans Christian Andersen was born in Odense († 1875). Danish writer.
• 1809 - Heinrich Hoffman was born (d. 1894). German physician, director of the state mental hospital in Frankfurt am Main and writer best known for Slovenly Peter.
• 1810 - Napoleon Bonaparte marries Archduchess Marie Louise of Austria / Casamento de Napoleão Bonaparte, imperador dos Franceses, com a arquiduquesa Maria Luísa de Áustria.
• 1810 - Kaspar Karsen was born († 24 Jul 1896). Dutch artist.
• 1811 - William Joseph Shayer Junior was born († 1892). British artist.
• 1814 - Erastus Brigham Bigelow was born (d. 1879). American inventor.
• 1817 - Johann Heinrich Jung dies (b. 1740). German author.
• 1822 - Nascimento em Lisboa de Luís Augusto Rebelo da Silva († 1871). Historiador, romancista e dramaturgo português.
• 1822 - Roque Sáenz Peña was born. President of Argentina (1910-1914).
• 1824 - John Johnson é enforcado por roubo e assassinato de um marinheiro.
• 1827 - William Holman Hunt was born in London († 07 Sep 1910). English Pre-Raphaelite painter.
• 1827 - Ludwig Heinrich Bojanus dies (b. 1776). German physician and naturalist.
• 1834 - Nasce o escultor francês Frederic-Auguste Bartholdi, autor da Estátua da Liberdade em Nova York.
• 1836 - Charles Dickens got married with Catherine Hogarth.
• 1837 - Johan Conrad Greive was born († 14 May 1891). Dutch artist.
• 1838 - Léon Gambetta was born (d. 1882). French statesman.
• 1840 - Émile Zola was born († 29 Sep 1902). French novelist and critic.
• 1841 – Clément Ader was born († 1926). French aviation pioneer.
  
• 1845 - Philip Charles Durham dies (b. 1763). Royal Navy Admiral.
• 1854 - O semanário "Le Figaro" começa a publicar-se em Paris.
• 1861 - Uchimura Kanzowas born in Edo (now Tokyo) to a samurai family (d. 28 Mar 1930). Japanese religious thinker and critic who would exert an important, formative influence on many writers & intellectual leaders of modern Japan.
• 1862 - Nicholas Murray Butler was born († 1947). USA philosopher and teacher, Nobel Prize for Peace Paz in 1931.
• 1863 - Richmond Bread Riots: Food shortages incite hundreds of angry women to riot in Richmond, Virginia and demand the Confederate government to release emergency supplies.
• 1865 - American Civil War: Siege of Petersburg broken - Union troops capture the trenches around Petersburg, Virginia, forcing Confederate General Robert E. Lee to retreat.
• 1865 - American Civil War: Confederate President Jefferson Davis and most of his Cabinet flee the Confederate capital of Richmond, Virginia.
• 1865 - General A.P. Hill dies (b. 1825). Confederate commander.
• 1867 - Eugen Sandow was born ( † 1925). Body builder, circus performer.
• 1869 - Hughie Jennings was born († 1928). American baseball player.
• 1872 - Samuel Morse dies (b. 1791). American inventor of Morse code.
• 1875 - Walter Chrysler was born († 1940). American automobile pioneer.
• 1881 - Johannes (or Jan) Tavenraat (or Tavenraet) dies (b. 20 Mar 1809). Rotterdam Dutch painter.
• 1883 - Paul Radin was born in Lodz, Poland (d. 1959). Ethnologist.
• 1884 – Sir John Squire was born (d. 1958). British poet, writer, and historian.
  
• 1889 - Charles Hall patented aluminum on this day.
• 1891 - Max Ernst was born († 1976). German-born French artist, founder of surrealism.
• 1894 - Fernando Afonso Geraldes Caldeira dies in Benfica, Lisbon (b. 7 Nov 1841 in Àgueda). Portuguese politician and poet.
• 1900 - The Congress passes the Foraker Act, giving Puerto Rico limited self-rule.
• 1900 - Roberto Arlt was born. Argentine novelist and dramaturg.
• 1901 - Claude Thomas Stanfield Moore dies (b. 10 Jun 1853). British artist.
• 1902 - Dmitry Sipyagin, Minister of Interior of the Russian Empire, is assassinated by a terrorist in the Marie Palace, St Petersburg.
• 1902 - "Electric Theatre", the first full-time movie theater in the United States, opens in Los Angeles, California.
• 1902 - Jan Tschichold was born (d. 1974). German typographer.
• 1902 - Esther Morris dies (b. 1814). Suffragist and the first woman judge in U.S. history.
• 1903 - Lionel Chevrier was born (d. 1987). Canadian politician.
• 1905 - Hjalmar “Magnus” Munsterhjelm dies (b. 19 Oct 1840). Swedish French artist.
• 1907 - Luke Appling was born (d. 1991). Major League Baseball player.
• 1908 - Buddy Ebsen was born († 2003). American actor and dancer.
• 1910 - Francisco Cândido Xavier was born in Pedro Leopoldo - Minas Gerais. Brazilian medium and spiritist.
• 1910 - Paul Triquet was born (d. 1980). Canadian military officer.
• 1911 - O clube de futebol Guarani Futebol Clube é fundado na cidade de Campinas / Brasil
• 1912 – Herbert Mills was born (d. 1989). American singer (The Mills Brothers).
  
• 1914 - Sir Alec Guinness was born († 8 May 2000) . English actor.
• 1914 - Paul von Heyse dies (b. 1830). German writer Nobel Prize in Literature 1910.
• 1917 - The first woman ever elected to the U.S. Congress, Jeannette Rankin, takes her seat as a representative from Montana.
• 1917 - World War I: The Battle of Vimy Ridge commences when the Canada Corps launches an artillary bombardment of the German trenches. To that time, the biggest artillery bombardment in history.
• 1917 - World War I: U.S. President Woodrow Wilson asks the U.S. Congress for a declaration of war on Germany.
• 1917 – Dabbs Greer was born (d. 2007). American actor.
  
• 1917 - Lou Monte was born (d. 1989). American singer.
• 1920 - Jack Webb was born († 1982). American actor, director, producer.
• 1922 - Hermann Rorschach dies (b. 1884). Swiss psychologist.
• 1923 - Clifford Scott Green was born. American Federal Judge.
• 1923 - G. Spencer-Brown was born. English mathematician.
• 1923 – Gloria Henry was born. American actress.
• 1925 - Pinheiro Correia, Sérgio da Silva e António Gouveia concluem o raid aéreo Lisboa-Guiné.
• 1925 – George MacDonald Fraser was born (d. 2008). English author.
• 1925 - Hans Rosenthal was born († 1987) . German entertainer.
• 1926 - Jack Brabham was born. Australian race car driver, three-time F1 world champion and co-founder of eponymous race team Grand Prix racer.
• 1926 - Salvador Caetano was born. Portuguese entrepreneur/ Nascimento de Salvador Caetano, industrial português.
• 1926 - George MacDonald Fraser was born. English author.
• 1926 - Sir Jack Brabham was born. Australian race car driver.
• 1927 - Carmen Basilio was born. American boxer.
• 1927 - Ferenc Puskás was born. Great Hungarian football (soccer) player.
• 1927 - Kenneth Tynan was born (d. 1980). English critic and writer.
• 1928 – Prof David Robinson was born (d. 2004). Irish Horticulturist.
  
• 1928 - Joseph Cardinal Bernardin was born (d. 1996). American cardinal.
• 1928 - Serge Gainsbourg was born ( † 1991). French singer.
• 1928 - Theodore William Richards dies (b. 1868). American chemist, Nobel Prize laureate.
• 1930 - Haile Selassie is proclaimed emperor of Ethiopia.
• 1930 - Empress Zauditu of Ethiopia dies (b. 1876).
• 1932 - In New York, aviator Charles Lindbergh pays a ransom to secure the return of his kidnapped infant son; the baby is later found murdered.
• 1932 – Edward Cardinal Egan was born. Cardinal-Archbishop Emeritus of New York
• 1934 - Brian Glover was born († 1997). British actor, wrestler.
• 1934 - Paul Joseph Cohen was born. American mathematician.
• 1935 - O físico britânico Sir Watson Watt regista a patente do RADAR.
• 1936 - Jean-Baptiste Eugène Estienne dies (b. 1860). French general.
• 1937 - Dick Radatz was born (d. 2005). American baseball player.
• 1938 - Booker Littlewas born (d. 1961). American jazz trumpeter.
• 1938 - John Larsson was born. 17th General of The Salvation Army.
• 1938 - Whirlaway was born (d. 1953). American racehorse, 1941 Triple Crown Winner.
• 1939 - Marvin Gaye was born ( † 01 Apr 1984). Singer and songwriter.
• 1939 - Lise Thibault was born. Lieutenant-governor of Quebec.
• 1940 - Penelope Keith was born. English actress.
• 1941 - The radio program Life of Riley aired for the first time.
• 1941 - Dr. Demento was born. American radio personality.
• 1942 - Hiroyuki Sakai was born. Japanese chef.
• 1942 - Leon Russell was born. American blues-rock pianist/guitarist session musician.
• 1942 – Roshan Seth was born. Indian actor.
• 1945 - The diplomatic relations between the Soviet Union and Brazil were established.
• 1945 - Anne Waldman was born in Millville, New Jersey. American poet.
• 1945 - Don Sutton was born. Major League Baseball player.
• 1945 - Linda Hunt was born. Academy Award-winning actress: The Year of Living Dangerously [1983]; Silverado, Dune, Popeye, Kindergarten Cop, Cat on a Hot Tin Roof, The Flying Nun.
• 1945 - Reggie Smith was born. American baseball player.
• 1946 - Kurt Winter was born (d. 1997). Canadian guitarist (The Guess Who).
• 1947 - Camille Paglia was born. American feminist writer.
• 1947 - Emmylou Harris was born. Grammy Award-winning singer: Elite Hotel [1976], Blue Kentucky Girl [1978], That Lovin’ You Feeling Again [with Roy Orbison - 1980], Trio [1987], At the Ryman [with the Nash Ramblers - 1992], Wrecking Ball [1996]; Mr. Sandman, The Last Waltz, Pledging My Love, In My Dreams, Amarillo, ’Till I Gain Control AgainSinger.
• 1948 - Dimitris Mitropanos was born. Greek singer.
• 1948 – Joan D. Vinge was born. American author.
• 1949 – David Robinson was born. American musician.
• 1949 - Pamela Reed was born. American actress.
• 1949 - Paul Gambaccini was born. British television presenter.
• 1949 - Ron Palillo was born. American actor.
• 1951 - Ayako Okamoto was born. Japanese professional golfer.
• 1951 - Moriteru Ueshiba was born. Japanese martial artist.
• 1952 - Leon Wilkeson was born. American rock bassist (Lynyrd Skynyrd).
• 1952 - Pat Drummond was born. Australian singer-songwriter.
• 1952 - Thierry Le Luron was born (d. 1986). French humorist.
• 1953 - David Robinson was born. American musician.
• 1953 - Debralee Scott was born (d. 2005). American actress.
• 1953 - Jim Allister was born. Northern Irish politician.
• 1953 - Hugo Sperrle dies (b. 1885). German field marshal.
• 1954 - Carl ‘Bobo’ Olson defeated Kid Gavilan to retain the world middleweight boxing title.
• 1954 – Allan Davis was born. Australian diplomat.
• 1954 - Ron Palillo was born. American actor.
• 1954 – Susumu Hirasawa was born. Japanese electropop musician.
• 1954 - Seamus O'Sheel dies (b. 1886). Irish-American bellettrist, poet.
• 1955 - Dana Carvey was born. American actor.
• 1955 - Michael Stone was born. British terrorist.
• 1956 - General Motors board member Alfred P. Sloan steps down after 19 years as chairman with Albert Bradley as his successor.
• 1956 - As the World Turns and The Edge of Night first aired on the CBS network in the United States, as the first half-hour serial dramas.
• 1957 – Giuliana De Sio was born. Italian actress.
• 1958 – Larry Drew was born. American basketball player.
• 1959 – Badou Zaki was born. Morrocan footballer and manager
• 1959 - Juha Kankkunen was born. Finnish race car driver.
• 1959 – Yves Lavandier was born. French film director.
• 1960 - Brad Jones was born. Australian racing driver.
• 1960 - Linford Christie was born. British athlete.
• 1961 - Christopher Meloni was born. American actor.
• 1961 - Keren Woodward was born. British singer (Bananarama).
• 1962 - The first official Panda crossing is opened outside Waterloo station, London.
• 1962 - Clark Gregg was born. American actor.
• 1962 - Mark Shulman was born. American children's author.
• 1962 - Pierre Carles was born. French documentarist.
• 1963 – Karl Beattie was born. English television director and producer.
• 1963 – Mike Gascoyne was born. British engineer.
• 1964 - The Saab board started Project Gudmund to develop a new and larger car, later released as Saab 99.
• 1964 - Pete Incaviglia was born. American baseball player.
• 1965 - Rodney King was born. American victim of police brutality.
• 1966 - Bill Romanowski was born. American football player.
• 1966 - Garnet Silk was born (d. 1994). Jamaican singer.
• 1966 - Teddy Sheringham was born in Walthamstow, London. English football (soccer) player (Manchester United).
• 1966 - C.S. Forester dies (b. 1899). British author.
• 1967 - Adrian Mole was born. Fictional character created by Sue Townsend.
• 1967 - Greg Camp was born. American musician (Smash Mouth).
• 1967 - Helen Chamberlain was born. British television presenter.
• 1969 – Ajay Devgan was born. Indian actor.
• 1971 - Todd Woodbridge was born. Australian tennis player.
• 1971 - ZEEBRA was born. Japanese hip hop artist.
• 1972 - Actor Charlie Chaplin returns to the United States for the first time since being labeled a communist in the early 1950s during the Red Scare.
• 1972 - Vietnam War: The Easter Offensive begins - North Vietnamese soldiers of the 304th Division take the northern half of Quang Tri Province.
• 1972 - Chico Slimani was born. Moroccoan-British singer.
• 1972 - Gil Hodges dies (b. 1924). American baseball player.
• 1972 - Franz Halder dies (b. 1884). German general.
• 1972 - Toshitsugu Takamatsu dies (b. 1887). Japanese Martial Arts Grandmaster.
• 1973 - Launch of LexisNexis computerized legal research service.
• 1973 - Roselyn Sanchez was born. Puerto Rican actress.
• 1974 - 46th Annual Academy Awards presentation at the Dorothy Chandler Pavilion in Los Angeles. Hosting the cerimony were John Huston, David Niven, Burt Reynolds, and Diana Ross. The Best Picture of the Year Award went to " The Sting" (producers: Tony Bill, Michael Phillips, Julia Phillips). The Sting won six additional Oscars: Director (George Roy Hill); Art Direction (Henry Bumstead)and Set Decoration (James Payne); Costume Design (Edith Head); Film Editing (William Reynolds); Scoring/Original Song Score/Adaptation: (Marvin Hamlisch); Writing/Original Story/Screenplay based on Factual Material or Material Not Previously Published or Produced (David S. Ward); plus three additional nominations. Oscar winners: Best Actor: Jack Lemmon for Save the Tiger; Best Actress: Glenda Jackson for A Touch of Class; Best Supporting Actor: John Houseman for The Paper Chase; Best Supporting Actress: Tatum O’Neal for Paper Moon; and Best Music/Song: The Way We Were - Marvin Hamlisch (music), Alan and Marilyn Bergman (lyrics) from the movie of the same title.
• 1974 - Håkan Hellström was born. Swedish musician.
• 1974 - Georges Pompidou dies (b. 1911).President of France.
• 1975 - Vietnam War: Thousands of civilian refugees flee from the Quang Ngai Province in front of advancing North Vietnamese troops.
• 1975 - Construction of the CN Tower is completed in Toronto, Ontario, Canada: it reaches 553.33 metres in height, becoming the world's tallest free-standing structure.
• 1975 - Adam Rodriguez was born. American actor.
• 1975 – Randy Livingston was born. American basketball player.
• 1976 - A Constituição da República Portuguesa ( pós 25 Abril 74) é promulgada no decorrer da última sessão da Assembleia Constituinte.
• 1976 - Andreas Anastasopoulos was born. Greek shot putter.
• 1976 - Rory Sabbatini was born. South African golfer.
• 1977 – Aiden Turner was born. British actor.
• 1977 - Jelena Abbou was born. Serbian fitness model.
• 1977 - Michael Fassbender was born. Irish actor.
• 1978 - John Gall was born. American baseball player.
• 1979 - Jesse Carmichael was born. American musician (Maroon 5).
• 1980 - U.S. President Jimmy Carter signs the Crude Oil Windfall Profits Tax Act in an effort to help the U.S. economy rebound.
• 1980 - Adam Fleming was born. English news reporter.
• 1980 - Carlos Salcido was born. Mexican footballer.
• 1980 - Ricky Hendrick was born. NASCAR driver and owner.
• 1981 - Bethany Joy Lenz-Galeotti was born. American actress.
• 1981 - Michael Clarke was born. Australian cricketer.
• 1982 - Falklands War: Argentina invades the British-owned Falkland Islands starting the war.
• 1982 - John Chancellor helms the news desk at the NBC Nightly News for the final time, after eleven-and-a-half years.
• 1982 – Bianca Chatfield was born. Australian netballer.
• 1982 - Jack Evans was born. American wrestler.
• 1982 - Jeremy Bloom was born. American skier and football player.
• 1982 - Leyla Milani was born. Canadian actress and model.
• 1982 - Marco Amelia was born. Italian World Cup-winning footballer.
• 1983 - Felix Borja was born. Ecuadorian footballer.
• 1983 - Paul Capdeville was born. Chilean tennis player.
• 1983 - Yung Joc was born. American rapper.
• 1983 - Clara Nunes dies (b. 1943). Brazilian popular singer and sambist.
• 1984 - Squadron Leader Rakesh Sharma is launched aboard Soyuz T-11, and becomes the first Indian in space.
• 1984 - Ashley Peldon was born. American actress.
• 1984 - Meryl Cassie was born. New Zealand actress.
• 1985 – Stephane Lambiel was born. Swiss figure skater.
• 1986 - A bomb on a TWA plane flying from Rome to Athens exploded, killing four Americans.
• 1986 - Chris Walberg was born. Voice actor (Hey Arnold!).
• 1987 - Buddy Rich dies (b. 1917). American drummer.
• 1988 - Francisco José Lopes da Costa dies in Sintra (b. 12 Aug. 1900). Portuguese poet.
• 1989 - Soviet leader Mikhail Gorbachev arrives in Havana, Cuba to meet with Fidel Castro in an attempt to mend strained relations.
• 1989 - Clare Thomas was born. English actress.
• 1990 – Amy Castle was born. American actress.
• 1990 – Miralem Pjanić was born. Bosnian footballer.
• 1991 – Rita Johnston becomes the first female Premier of a Canadian province when she succeeds William Vander Zalm (who had resigned) as Premier of British Columbia.
• 1991 - Taylor Henderson was born. Australian musician.
• 1992 - In New York, Mafia boss John Gotti is convicted of murder and racketeering and is later sentenced to life in prison.
• 1992 - Pierre Bérégovoy becomes Prime Minister of France.
• 1992 - Tomisaburo Wakayama dies (b. 1929). Japanese actor.
• 1992 - Juan Gómez González dies (b. 1954). Spanish footballplayer.
• 1993 - Doom alpha version 0.4 is finished.
• 1994 - Betty Furness dies (b. 1916). American author.
• 1995 - Domingos Castro, Portuguese runner, wins Marathon of Paris.
• 1995 - Harvey Penick dies (b. 1904). American golfer.
• 1995 - Hannes Alfvén dies (b. 1908). Swedish physicist.
• 1996 - Lech Walesa, ex presidente da Polonia, regressa como electricista nos estaleiros de Gdansk, após a sua derrota nas eleições.
• 1998 - Rob Pilatus dies (b. 1965). American model and entertainer (Milli Vanilli).
• 2000 - Tommaso Buscetta dies (b. 1928). Sicilian mafioso and pentito.
• 2001 - Charles Daudelin dies (b. 1920). Canadian artist.
• 2001 - Jennifer Syme dies (b. 1972). American actress.
• 2002 - Israeli forces surrounded the Church of the Nativity in Bethlehem which has around 200 Palestinians inside. A siege ensues.
• 2003 - Special operations forces rescue U.S. soldier Jessica Lynch, who was captured in the early days fighting in Iraq.
• 2003 - Terenci Moix dies. Spanish author.
• 2003 - Edwin Starr dies (b. 1942). American singer.
• 2003 - Beatrice Riese dies at 86. Abstract artist and collector born in The Hague, Netherlands.
• 2004 - Bulgaria, Eslovaquia, Eslovenia, Estonia, Letonia, Lituania y Rumania se asocian OTAN cómo miembros completos.
• 2004 - Lynne Cheney, wife of the United States Vice-president, halts the reissue of her lesbian romance novel, "Sisters," originally published in 1981.
• 2004 - Islamist terrorists involved in the 11 March 2004 Madrid attacks attempt a thwarted bombing of the Spanish high-speed train AVE near Madrid.
• 2004 - John Argyris dies (b. 1913). Greek aeronautical engineer.
• 2005 - Pope John Paul II (Karol Wojtyła) dies on Vatican at the age of 84, after more than 26 years as the head of the Roman Catholic Church. Pope John Paul II, who was the first non-Italian pope in 455 years and the first from a Slavic country.
• 2005 - James Stewart Jr. becomes first African American to win a major motorsports event.
• 2006 - Over 60 tornadoes breakout, hardest hit is Tennessee with 29 people killed.
• 2006 - Nina Schenk von Stauffenberg dies (b. 1913). German wife of freedom fighter Claus Schenk von Stauffenberg.
• 2007 - Paul Reed dies (b. 1909). American actor.
• International Children's Book Day.
• Malvinas Day in Argentina.
  
• Sizdah be dar in Iran.
• Thai Heritage Conservation Day (Thailand).
• World Autism Awareness Day (International).
• Saint Franciscus of Paola.

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Liga Europa: Benfica dá a reviravolta e aspira continuar...

Benfica

2-1

Liverpool


Só de penalties, mas Benfica mantém senda vitoriosa

Mais de 62.000 espectadores no Estádio da Luz para um reencontro de rivais europeus num jogo digno da Champions League, notando-se a ausência de Saviola no Benfica, lesionado. O Inferno da Luz gelou logo aos 9'. A equipa inglesa entrou melhor no jogo e disfrutou de um livre no flanco esquerdo. Toda a gente pensava no centro para a área ou até a tentativa de remate cruzado para a baliza, mas o passe na horizontal de Gerrard para uma finalização improvável, ainda por cima de calcanhar, mas vitoriosa de Agger, fez inaugurar o marcador.

Os encarnados reagiram de imediato e desfrutaram de hipóteses para igualar por Cardozo, Aimar, Ramires e Javi Garcia, mas a pontaria sempre errava o alvo. Di Maria em remate fortíssimo de longe fez a bola passar por cima da baliza de Reina ... que passou o tempo a passar tempo.

Por volta da meia hora uma confusão após falta da defesa encarnada sobre Babel (que fora até então um quebra-cabeças para a defesa benfiquista) acabou com a expulsão do jogador holandês que pôs a mão na cara de Luisão (este viu cartão amarelo).

Ao intervalo o resultado já era injusto face ao caudal de jogo de ambas as equipas mas por momentos os espectadores da Luz congelaram com o espectro do 0-2, que durou alguns segundos, mas com o árbitro a anular por fora de jogo de Kuyt, após defesa incompleta de Júlio César, a sinal do assistente.

Na segunda parte, Cardozo na pequena área cabeceia mas por cimada barra. De livre, Cardozo levou a bola ao poste, mas na sequência da jogada o árbitro assinalou penalty por falta sobre Aimar. Cardozo rematou em força e estabeleceu o empate. Com mais um jogador e o calor do público os encarnados foram buscar o triunfo, com Jesus a fazer sair Maxi Pereira, entrando Nuno Gomes.

Os ingleses jogavam no empate com o guarda-redes espanhol do Liverpool a ser sancionado, finalmente, com o cartão amarelo aos 73', mas foram os ingleses que por Fernando Torres desperdiçaram uma clamorosa possibilidade de fazer 1-2 ao rematar fraco e ao lado (75') quando se isolou após jogada de contra-ataque.

Numa jogada do meio para a linha de fundo do lado esquerdo, o cruzamento saiu de Di Maria para um corte tido por ilegal, segundo indicação do assistente de linha de fundo (corte com a mão) e foi o segundo penalty a favor do Benfica. Cardozo de novo, em risco de ser considerado o réu..., bateu a bola agora em jeito para o mesmo lado... e de novo golo! O Benfica virava o resultado quando ainda faltava, com os descontos, cerca de um quarto de hora.

Depois faltou um pouco de inteligência ao meio-campo encarnado. Já sem os criativos Carlos Martins e Aimar, entretanto substituídos, os jogadores encarnados precipitaram-se algumas vezes ao querer fazer um jogo demasiado rápido e acutilante em vez de explorar a superioridade numérica, com passes mais certeiros e exploração dos espaços. O terceiro golo encarnado não chegou assim a pairar no Estádio tendo ficado a vantagem mínima no placard que deixa tudo em aberto para o jogo da segunda mão, mas onde o Benfica não pode perder ou perdendo só tangencialmente e com os encarnados a obterem dois (ou mais golos).

Seja como for a senda vitoriosa do Benfica manteve-se e agora há que ganhar na Figueira da Foz para colocar o título de campeão nacional mais perto, antes da deslocação a Anfield Road para um jogo de terrível ambiente, antes do clássico Benfica-Sporting. Mais três jogos decisivos como vão ser (quase) todos até ao final da época.

A arbitragem num jogo cheio de casos (dois penalties, um golo anulado e uma expulsão, em decisões todas favoráveis ao Benfica) tem de se considerar razoável, mas pareceu-nos ter ficado por assinalar, ainda, outro penalty para o Benfica; já David Luís amarelado podia ter visto o segundo amarelo numa falta junto a uma das abas laterais da área na segunda parte quando um inglês se esgueirava, com perigo.

Estádio da Luz
Árbitro: Jonas Erikson (Suécia)

BENFICA – Júlio César; Maxi (Nuno Gomes, 59m), Luisão, David Luiz e Fábio Coentrão; Javi Garcia; Ramires, Carlos Martins (Ruben Amorim, 71m) e Di María; Aimar (Airton, 81m) e Cardozo.

LIVERPOOL – Reina; Johnson, Agger, Carragher e Insúa; Lucas e Mascherano; Kuyt, Gerrard (Benayoun, 91m) e Babel; Fernando Torres (Ngog, 81m).

Marcadores: 0-1, Agger (9m); 1-1, Cardozo (59m g.p.); 2-1, Cardozo (79m g.p.)

Acção disciplinar:
29' Cartão amarelo Luisão e vermelho para Babel (30')
36' Cartão amarelo para David Luiz
44' Cartão Amarelo para Insúa, que fica impedido de jogar a 2ª. mão
75' Cartão maarelo para Reina por demorar na reposição da bola em jogo
77' Cartão amarelo para Agger no lance do segundo penalty

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CARROSSEL - Vítor Nogueira

Não enxergas. Quer dizer, olhas para isto e não vês
nada. Em rigor a manhã só desperta com o gesto
de um miúdo. Estender o braço e fazer pontaria.
Há quanto tempo está ali, a observar-te?

À volta de toda a praça, o grande carrossel gira,
o grande ciclo da vida, a morte e o renascimento.
Vozes desconhecidas ecoam por todo o lado, palavras
que se transmitem de uma geração para outra.

Pois bem, o balanço do mar largo continua.
Não te deixes enganar pela harmonia da calçada.
Hoje é dia das mentiras, és capaz de ter razão.

in Resumo a poesia em 2009, edição Assírio & Alvim

Vítor Nogueira (n. em Vila Real em Nov. 1966)

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Centenário do Sporting Club Farense

Foi em 1907 que o futebol chegou ao Algarve. A corveta “Duque de Palmela”, ancorada na Ria Formosa em Faro e na qual estava instalada uma escola de marinheiros, promoveu o futebol, modalidade já muito popularizada em Inglaterra. O primeiro jogo de futebol improvisado foi disputado no Largo de S. Francisco, a 10 de Junho do mesmo ano, num terreno, também ele, improvisado.

Uma iniciativa que deu ideias a João Gralho, que imaginou em 1909/1910, a criação de um clube de futebol, com equipamentos, campo, sede e sócios, que pagavam por semana uma quota de um pataco. Essa ideia foi logo apadrinhada por outros jovens farenses, que permitiram que nascesse aquele que é hoje o Sporting Clube Farense, um dos poucos clubes portugueses que nasceu ainda sob o regime monárquico, tendo sido fundado a 1 de Abril de 1910. (wikipedia)

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On this day in History - Apr. 1

• 0527 - Byzantine Emperor Justin I names his nephew Justinian I as co-ruler and successor to the throne.
• 0705 - Greek pope John VII chosen as successor to John VI.
• 1085 - Emperor Shenzong of China dies (b. 1048).
• 1132 - St-Hugues dies (b. 1053). Bishop of Guenette.
• 1204 - Eleanor of Aquitaine dies (b. c. 122). Wife of Henry II of England.
• 1205 - King Amalric II of Jerusalem dies (b. 1145).
• 1220 - Emperor Go-Saga of Japan was born (d. 1272).
• 1293 – Robert Winchelsey leaves England for Rome, to be consecrated as Archbishop of Canterbury.
• 1318 - Berwick-upon-Tweed is captured by the Scottish from the English.
• 1340 - Niels Ebbesen kills Gerhard III of Holstein in his bedroom, ending the 1332-1340 interregnum in Denmark.
• 1389 - Pacto de no agresión entre la Confederación Suiza y Austria.
• 1431 - Portugal: D. Nuno Álvares Pereira ("O Santo Condestável") dies.
• 1528 - Francisco de Peñalosa dies. Spanish composer.
• 1543 - François de Bonne, duc de Lesdiguières was born (d. 1626). Constable of France.
• 1572 - In the Eighty Years' War, the Watergeuzen capture Brielle from the Spaniards, gaining the first foothold on land for what would become the Dutch Republic.
• 1578 - William Harvey was born (d. 1657). English physician who discovered blood circulation.
• 1580 - Alonso Mudarra dies. Spanish composer.
• 1582 - Gaspar de Crayer was born. Flemish painter.
• 1610 - Charles de Saint-Évremond was born (d. 1703). French soldier.
• 1618 - Jan Philips Righolz Conwemberg van Thielen Mechelen was born (d. 1667). Flemish painter, brother-in-law of Théodore Rombouts.
• 1621 - Massasoit, chief of the Wampanoags, and John Carver, governor of Plymouth Colony, sign the first peace treaty between Native Americans and Pilgrims.
• 1621 - Cristofano Allori dies (b. 17 Oct 1577). Florentine painter.
• 1637 - Niwa Nagashige dies (b. 1571). Japanese warlord.
• 1640 - Georg Mohr was born (d. 1697). Danish mathematician.
• 1647 - John Wilmot, 2nd Earl of Rochester was born (d. 1680). English poet.
• 1649 - fray Juan Bautista Maino (or Mayno) dies. Spanish Baroque painter, who studied under Caravaggio and El Greco.
• 1682 - Franz Egon of Fürstenberg dies (b. 1625). Bishop of Strassburg.
• 1684 - Roger Williams was born (d. 1603). English theologian and colonist.
• 1697 - Antoine François Prévost was born (d. 1763). French author and novelist.
• 1753 - Joseph de Maistre was born (d. 1821). French diplomat and writer.
• 1765 - Luigi Schiavonetti was born (d. 1810). Italian engraver.
• 1776 - Sophie Germain was born (d. 1831). French mathematician.
• 1778 - Oliver Pollock, a New Orleans businessman, created the "$" symbol.
• 1784 - Johannes Janson dies (b. 17 Apr 1729). Dutch artist.
• 1787 - Floyer Sydenham dies (b. 1710). English classical scholar.
• 1789 - In New York City, the United States House of Representatives holds its first quorum and elects Frederick Muhlenberg of Pennsylvania as its first House Speaker.
• 1791 - Richard Butler dies (b. 1743). American soldier.
• 1793 - In Japan, the volcano Unsen erupted killing about 53,000.
• 1802 - Joseph-Siffrède Duplessis dies (b. 22 Sep 1725). French artist.
• 1815 - Otto Eduard Leopold von Bismarck was born in Schönhausen, Altmark, Prussia [now Germany] (d. 30 Jul 1878). Prusso-German statesman and chancellor of the German Empire.
• 1815 - Edward Clark was born (d. 1880). Governor of Texas.
• 1823 - Simon Bolivar Buckner Lieutenant General (Confederate Army), was born ( died in 1914).
• 1826 - Samuel Morey patents the internal combustion engine.
• 1831 - Samuel Albert (or Albrecht) Anker was born (d. 16 Jul 1910). Swiss painter and illustrator, specialized in Children.
• 1833 - El general mexicano Antonio López de Santa Anna se erige en presidente de la república.
• 1833 - Se inaugura la Parroquia de Nuestra Señora de Balvanera, en Buenos Aires.
• 1834 - Big Jim Fisk was born (d. 1872). American entrepreneur.
• 1839 - Nicolas-Didier Boguet dies (b. 18 Feb 1755). French painter and draftsman.
• 1839 - Benjamin Pierce dies (b. 1757). Governor of New Hampshire.
• 1854 - Hard Times begins serialisation in Charles Dickens magazine, Household Words.
• 1854 - Bill Traylor was born (d. 1949). American artist.
• 1856 - Acacio Gabriel Viegas was born (d. 1933). Indian physician.
• 1856 - Falleció en Buenos Aires, el General Eustaquio Díaz Vélez, patriota que fuera defensor de la Independencia Argentina, estadista y hacendado. Nació en Buenos Aires, el día 2 de Noviembre de 1782.
• 1856 - Charles Maurin was born (d. 22 Jul 1914). French painter and printmaker. Among his paintings are the Prelude to Lohengrin and Maternity.
• 1857 - Herman Melville publishes The Confidence-Man.
• 1859 - Álvaro de Castelões was born in Porto (d. 9 Jul 1953). Portuguese poet, noble and engineer.
• 1865 - American Civil War: Battle of Five Forks - In Petersburg, Virginia, Confederate General Robert E. Lee begins his final offensive.
• 1865 - Giuditta Pasta dies (b. 1797). Italian soprano.
• 1865 - Richard Zsigmondy was born. Austrian-born chemist, Nobel Prize 1925.
• 1866 - Ferruccio Busoni was born (d. 1924). Italian pianist and composer.
• 1867 - International Exhibition opens in Paris
• 1867 - Singapore becomes British crown colony.
• 1868 - Hampton Normal and Agricultural Institute is established in Hampton, Virginia.
• 1868 - Edmond Rostand was born in Marseille (d. 02 Dec 1918). French poet and dramatist, best-known from his play Cyrano de Bergerac.
• 1872 - Frederick Maurice dies (b. 1805). English theologian.
• 1872 - William Frederick Horry dies executed by William Marwood (b. 1843).
• 1873 - The British steamer SS Atlantic sinks off Nova Scotia killing 547.
• 1873 - Sergei Rachmaninoff was born (d. 1943). Composer, pianist, and conductor (Rhapsody on a Theme of Paganini).
• 1875 - Edgar Wallace was born (d. 1932). English playwright, novelist.
• 1878 - (Jean François) Eugène Gautier dies on Paris (b. 27 Feb 1822). French composer.
• 1878 - John Corry Wilson Daly dies (b. 1796). Canadian politician.
• 1880 - Agha Petros was born (d. 1932). Assyrian general.
• 1882 - Paul Anspach was born (d. 1991). Belgian Olympic champion fencer.
• 1883 - Lon Chaney, Sr., was born in Colorado Springs, Colorado (d. 26 Aug 1930). American actor. Due to his ability to portray an endless variety of characters throughout his career, he became known as "The Man of a Thousand Faces".
• 1885 - Wallace (Fitzgerald) Beery was born (d. 15 Apr 1949). Academy award- winning actor: (The Champ [1931-1932], Grand Hotel, We’re in the Navy Now, Treasure Island, The Four Horsemen of the Apocalypse, The Last of the Mohicans, China Seas).
• 1887 – Mumbai Fire Brigade is established.
• 1888 - Alberto Vacarezza was born in Buenos Aires († 06 Aug 1959). Argentine playwriter.
• 1888 - Soccer team Sparta forms in Rotterdam.
• 1889 - Japan : Official foundation of the city Yokohama.
• 1890 - David Wilber dies (b. 1820). American politician.
• 1891 - The Wrigley Company is founded in Chicago, Illinois.
• 1891 - Painter Paul Gauguin [07 Jun 1848 – 08 May 1903] leaves Marseille for Tahiti.
• 1893 - The United States Navy rank of Chief Petty Officer is created.
• 1893 - Cicely Courtneidge was born (d. 1980). English actress and comedian.
• 1895 - Alberta Hunter was born (d. 1984). American singer.
• 1896 - Theodore Robinson US Impressionist painter born on 03 June 1852. He studied under Claude Monet .
• 1897 - Nita Naldi was born (d. 1961). American actress.
• 1898 - William James Sidis was born (d. 1944). American genius.
• 1899 - Gustavs Celmins was born (d. 1968). Latvian politician.
• 1900 - Robert McDowell was born (d. 1988). Mayor of Maryborough, Queensland.
• 1901 - Whittaker Chambers was born (d. 1961). American writer, editor, and defector.
• 1901 - El ingeniero James Gibb inventa el tenis de mesa o ping pong.
• 1902 - Maria Polydouri was born (d. 1930). Greek poet.
• 1902 - Moreira da Silva was born. Brazilian composer and singer.
• 1906 - Alexander Sergeyevich Yakovlev was born (d. 1989). Russian engineer and airplane designer.
• 1908 – The Territorial Force (renamed Territorial Army in 1920) is formed as a volunteer reserve component of the British Army.
• 1908 - Se funda el club Los Forzosos de Almagro, que a mediados de 1909 se rebautizó San Lorenzo de Almagro.
• 1908 - Abraham Maslow was born (d. 1970). American psychologist.
• 1909 - Eddy Duchin was born (d. 1951). American popular pianist & bandleader.
• 1910 - Sporting Clube Farense is founded. Portuguese club.
• 1910 - Andreas Achenbach dies (b. 29 Sep 1815). German realist landscape painter.
• 1910 - Mikaïl Alexandrovitch Wrubel (or Wroubel) dies (b. 05 Mar 1856). Russian artist.
• 1910 - Dumitru Dan (Romania) completed a 62,137 mile (100,000 m) walk.
• 1912 - The Greek athlete Konstantinos Tsiklitiras breaks the world record in standing long jump jumping 3,47 meters.
• 1914 - Lor Tok was born (d. 2002). Thai comedian and actor.
• 1914 - Rube Waddell dies. American baseball player.
• 1915 - Otto Wilhelm Fischer was born (d. 2004). Austrian actor.
• 1917 - Melville Shavelson was born (d. 2007). American film director, producer and screenwriter.
• 1917 - Scott Joplin dies in a mental institution in New York City (b. 1868). American musician, composer.
• 1918 - The Royal Air Force is formed with the amalgamation of the Royal Flying Corps (RFC) and the Royal Naval Air Service (RNAS). The RAF took its place beside the British navy and army as a separate military service with its own ministry.
• 1919 - Joseph Murray was born. American surgeon, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine.
  
• 1920 - Toshiro Mifune was born (d. 1997). Japanese actor.
• 1921 - Ken Reardon was born. Canadian ice hockey player.
• 1922 - William Manchester was born. American writer.
• 1922 - Emperor Karl (Franz Josef) of Austria dies (b. 1887) .
• 1923 - Primeira exibição pública de um filme sonoro, no Rialto Theather de Nova Iorque.
• 1924 - Adolf Hitler is sentenced to five years in jail for his participation in the "Beer Hall Putsch." However, he spends only nine months in jail, during which he wrote his famous book, Mein Kampf.
• 1924 – The Royal Canadian Air Force is formed.
• 1924 - First revenue flight for Belgium's Sabena Airlines.
• 1924 - Brendan Byrne was born. Governor of New Jersey.
• 1924 - Miodrag Petrović was born (d. 2003). Serbian actor.
• 1926 - Charles Bressler was born. American tenor.
• 1926 - Anne McCaffrey was born. American author.
• 1926 - Charles Angrand dies (b. 19 ou 29 Apr 1854). French Normand painter.
• 1927 - Amos Milburn was born (d. 1980). American pianist.
• 1927 - Maria Eugénia was born in Lisbon. Portuguese actress.
• 1928 - George Grizzard was born (d. 2007). American actor.
• 1929 - Payut Ngaokrachang was born. Thai animator
• 1929 - Jane Powell was born. American dancer, actress, and singer
• 1929 - Bo Schembechler was born (d. 2006). American football coach.
• 1929 - Milan Kundera was born in Brno, Czechoslovakia. Writer (Unbearable Lightness of Being, L'art du Roman, Joke) .
• 1929 - Louie Marx introduced the Yo-Yo.
• 1930 - "Blue Angel", starring unknown Marlene Dietrich, premieres in America / Estreia na Alemanha do filme "O anjo azul", dirigido por Joseph von Sternberg. Nele se estreia a actriz Marlene Dietrich.
• 1930 - Grace Lee Whitney was born. American actress.
• 1930 - Empress Zawditu of Ethiopia dies (b. 1876).
• 1930 - Cosima Wagner dies (b. 1837). Daughter of Franz Liszt and wife of Richard Wagner.
• 1931 - Ita Ever was born. Estonian actress.
• 1931 - Rolf Hochhuth was born. German writer.
• 1932 - Gordon Jump was born (d. 2003). American actor, "Maytag Repairman".
• 1932 - Debbie Reynolds was born. American actress.
• 1933 - The recently elected Nazis under Julius Streicher organize a one-day boycott of all Jewish-owned businesses in Germany, ushering in the series of anti-Semitic acts that will be known as the Holocaust.
• 1933 - Claude Cohen-Tannoudji was born. French physicist, Nobel Prize laureate.
• 1933 - Dan Flavin was born (d. 1996). American artist.
• 1934 - Bonnie and Clyde kill two young highway patrolmen near Grapevine, Texas.
• 1934 - El sacerdote Juan Bosco - beatificado cinco años antes - es proclamado Santo de la Iglesia Católica.
• 1934 - Don Hastings was born. American television actor.
• 1934 - Rod Kanehl was born (d. 2004). American baseball player.
• 1934 - Vladimir Posner was born. Russian journalist.
• 1935 - Larry McDonald was born (d. 1983). American politician.
• 1936 - Orissa Formation of the Indian state Orissa, formerly known as Kalinga or Uykal.
• 1936 - Jean-Pascal Delamuraz was born (d. 1998). Swiss politician, president of the Confederation in 1989 and 1996.
• 1936 - Se realiza en Mendoza la primera Fiesta de la Vendimia.
• 1937 - Aden becomes a British crown colony.
• 1937 – The power granted to the National Socialist government of Germany by the Enabling Act of 1933 officially expires, and is subsequently renewed by the Reichstag.
• 1938 - Ali MacGraw was born in Pound Ridge, New York. American actress: (Goodbye Columbus, Love Story, The Getaway, The Winds of War).
• 1938 - John Quade was born. American actor.
• 1939 - Generalísimo Francisco Franco of the Spanish State announced the end of the Spanish Civil War, when the last of the Republican forces surrendered.
• 1939 - Phil Niekro was born. American baseball player.
• 1939 - Rudolph Isley was born. American singer (The Isley Brothers).
• 1940 - Wangari Maathai was born. Kenyan environmentalist, activist Nobel Prize for Peace em 2004.
• 1941 - The Blockade Runner Badge for German navy is instituted.
• 1942 - Samuel R. Delany was born. American author.
• 1942 - Annie Nightingale was born. British disc jockey.
• 1944 - Navigation errors lead to an accidental American bombing of the Swiss city of Schaffhausen.
• 1944 - Rusty Staub was born. American baseball player.
• 1945 - World War II: Operation Iceberg - United States troops land on Okinawa in the last campaign of the war.
• 1945 - John Barbata was born. American drummer
• 1946 - Aleutian Island earthquake: A 7.8 magnitude earthquake near the Aleutian Islands creates a tsunami that strikes the Hawaiian Islands killing 159 (mostly in Hilo, Hawaii).
• 1946 - Formation of the Malayan Union.
• 1946 - Arrigo Sacchi was born. Italian football coach.
• 1946 - Ronnie Lane was born (d. 1997). British musician (The Small Faces and The Faces).
• 1946 - Noah Beery dies (b. 1882). American actor.
• 1947 - Alain Connes was born. French mathematician.
• 1947 - M was born. English singer.
• 1947 - Norm Van Lier was born. American basketball player.
• 1947 - Robin Scott was born. British singer.
• 1947 - King George II of Greece dies (b. 1890).
• 1948 - Cold War: Berlin Airlift - Military forces, under direction of the Soviet-controlled government in East Germany, set-up a land blockade of West Berlin.
• 1948 - Faroe Islands receive autonomy from Denmark.
• 1948 - Jimmy Cliff was born. Jamaican musician.
• 1949 - Chinese Civil War: Communist Party of China hold unsuccessful peace talks with the Kuomintang in Beijing, after three years of fighting.
• 1949 - The twenty-six counties of the Irish Free State become the Republic of Ireland.
• 1949 - The Canadian government repeals Japanese Canadian internment after seven years.
• 1949 - Zsa Zsa Gabor and George Sanders got married.
• 1949 - Gérard Mestrallet was born. French businessman.
• 1949 - Gil Scott-Heron was born. American musician and composer.
• 1949 - Sammy Nelson was born. Irish footballer.
• 1950 - Samuel Alito was born. U.S. Supreme Court Justice.
• 1950 - Charles R. Drew dies (b. 1904). American physician.
• 1951 - John Philip Abizaid, U.S. Army General, former CENTCOM commander.
• 1952 - Annette O'Toole was born. American actress.
• 1952 - Bernard Stiegler was born. French philosopher.
• 1953 - Barry Sonnenfeld was born. Producer, director.
• 1954 - President Dwight D. Eisenhower authorizes the creation of the United States Air Force Academy in Colorado.
• 1954 - Jeff Porcaro was born (d. 1992). American drummer (Toto).
• 1955 - The EOKA rebellion starts in Cyprus, aiming at the island's independence from the United Kingdom.
• 1955 - Gregg Jarrett was born. American television anchor.
• 1955 - Humayun Akhtar Khan was born. Pakistani statesman.
• 1957 – BBC Spaghetti tree hoax broadcast on current affairs programme Panorama.
• 1957 - La India adopta el sistema métrico decimal.
• 1957 - David Gower was born. English cricketer.
• 1958 - D. Boon was born (d. 1985). American musician.
• 1959 - A Mauritânia adopta a sua bandeira.
• 1960 - The United States launches the first weather satellite, TIROS-1.
• 1960 - Lançamento do primeiro satélite meteorológico pelos Estados Unidos da América.
• 1960 - Michael Praed was born. British actor.
• 1962 - Manuel Monteiro was born. Portuguese politician well known for his role as CDS/PP member.
• 1962 - Dave Ulliott was born. English poker player.
• 1963 - The Soap Opera General Hospital debuted.
• 1964 - Erik Breukink was born. Dutch cyclist and manager.
• 1964 - Scott Stevens was born. Canadian ice hockey player.
• 1964 - Alberto Bordalo dies (b. 1924). Brazilian writer.
• 1964 - José Rodrigues dos Santos was born. Portuguese journalist and writer.
• 1965 - Mark Jackson was born. American basketball player.
• 1965 - Robert Steadman was born. English composer.
• 1965 - Helena Rubinstein dies (b. 1870). Cosmetic manufacturer.
• 1966 - Chris Evans was born. English disc jockey.
• 1966 - Flann O'Brien dies (b. 1911). Irish humorist.
• 1967 - The UnitedStates Department of Transportation begins operation.
• 1967 - Phil Demmel was born. American musician.
• 1968 - Lev Davidovich Landau dies (b. 1908). Russian physicist.
• 1969 - The Hawker Siddeley Harrier enters service with the RAF.
• 1970 - President Richard Nixon signs the Public Health Cigarette Smoking Act into law banning cigarette advertisements in the United States starting on January 1, 1971.
• 1970 - American Motors introduces the Gremlin.
• 1970 - Sung Hi Lee was born in Seoul, South Korea. Atress.
• 1971 - Method Man was born. American musician.
• 1971 - Shinji Nakano was born. Japanese race car driver.
• 1972 - The first major league baseball players strike in the U.S. begins.
• 1972 - Allen and Albert Hughes was born. American film directors.
• 1972 - Jesse Tobias was born. American musician.
• 1972 - Darren McCarty was born. Canadian ice hockey player.
• 1973 - Project Tiger, a tiger conservation project, is launched in the Corbett National Park, India.
• 1973 - In Britain, Value Added Tax (VAT) replaced Purchase Tax and Selective Employment Tax.
• 1973 - Christian Finnegan was born. American comedian.
• 1973 - Stephen Fleming was born. New Zealand cricketer.
• 1973 - Joe Francis was born. American adult video producer.
• 1974 - In the United Kingdom, the Metropolitan and non-metropolitan counties come into being.
• 1974 - Hugo Benjamín Ibarra was born. Argentine footballer.
• 1974 - Richard Christy was born. American drummer.
• 1974 - Sandra Völker was born. German swimmer.
• 1975 - Magdalena Maleeva was born in Sofia. Bulgarian tennis star.
• 1975 - Cambodia President Lon Nol flees for Red Khmer.
• 1975 - George Bastl was born. Swiss tennis player.
• 1975 - John Butler was born. Australian singer and musician.
• 1976 - Apple Computer Company is formed by Steve Jobs and Steve Wozniak.
• 1976 - Conrail takes over operations from six bankrupt railroads in the northeastern U.S..
• 1976 - Jovian-Plutonian gravitational effect first reported by the astronomer Patrick Moore.
  
• 1976 - Clarence Seedorf was born. Surinamese-born Dutch footballer (Ajax, Real Madrid...)
• 1976 - Max Ernst dies (b. 02 Apr 1891). German /French Surrealist painter and sculptor.
• 1977 - Haimar Zubeldia was born. Spanish cyclist.
• 1978 - Philippine College of Commerce, through a presidential decree, was converted to Polytechnic University of the Philippines.
• 1978 - Miroslava Vavrinec was born. Swiss tennis player.
• 1978 - Jean-Pierre Dumont was born. Canadian ice hockey player.
• 1979 - Iran's government becomes Islamic Republic by a 98% vote, overthrowing the Shah officially.
• 1979 - Ivano Balić was born. Croatian handballer.
• 1979 - Barbara Luddy dies (b. 1908). American actress.
• 1979 - Bruno Coquatrix dies (b. 1910). French music impresario.
• 1980 - New York City's Transit Worker Union 100 goes on strike, lasting 11 days.
• 1980 - Randy Orton was born. American professional wrestler.
• 1980 - Bijou Phillips was born. American actress.
• 1980 - Yūko Takeuchi was born. Japanese actress.
• 1981 - Daylight saving time is introduced in the USSR.
• 1981 - Pieter Weening was born. Dutch cyclist.
• 1981 - Aimee Chan was born. Miss Hong Kong 2006.
• 1981 - Theresa Sokyrka was born. Canadian Idol runner-up.
• 1981 - Hannah Spearritt was born. British singer (S Club 7).
• 1981 - Antonis Fotsis was born. Greek basketball player.
• 1981 - Eua Sunthornsanan dies (b. 1910). Thai composer and bandleader.
• 1982 - Sam Huntington was born. American actor.
• 1982 - Gemma Hunt was born. British children's television presenter (CBBC-Xchange).
• 1982 - Taran Killam was born. American comedian and actor.
• 1982 - Miguel Espinosa Gironés dies (b. 1926). Spanish writer.
• 1983 - Ólafur Ingi Skúlason was born. Icelandic footballer.
• 1983 - Sean Taylor was born. American football player.
• 1983 - Franck Ribery was born. French footballer.
• 1984 - Marvin Gaye dies shot to death by his father (b. 1939). American singer.
• 1984 - Uruguay: cacerolada contra la dictadura militar.
• 1984 - Gilberto Macena was born. Brazilian footballer.
• 1984 - Olga Rei was born. Russian television personality.
• 1985 - David Lee Roth announces his departure from Van Halen.
• 1985 - The album "We Are the World" was released. Eight rock stars donated previously unreleased material for the LP.
• 1985 - Josh Zuckerman was born. American actor.
• 1985 - Shay Doron was born. Israeli basketball player.
• 1986 - Ireen Wüst was born. Dutch speed skater.
• 1986 - Erik Bruhn dies (b. 1928). Danish ballet dancer, choreographer.
• 1987 - Ding Junhui was born. Chinese snooker player.
• 1987 - Li Ting was born. Chinese diver.
• 1988 - Courtney McCool was born. American gymnast.
• 1988 - Joe Besser dies. Actor, comedian; member of the Three Stooges.
• 1988 - Jim Jordan dies (b. 1896). American actor (Fibber McGee).
• 1989 - Margaret Thatcher's new local government tax, the Poll tax, was introduced in Scotland.
• 1989 - Vietoris Krisztián was born. German racecar driver.
• 1991 - Iran releases British hostage Roger Cooper after 5 years.
• 1991 - Martha Graham dies (b. 1894). American dancer, choreographer.
• 1992 - Juanito dies at 37 in car crash. Spanish footballer (Real Madrid 1977-1987).
• 1993 - Alan Kulwicki dies (b. 1954). NASCAR driver, 1992 Winston Cup Champion.
• 1993 - Solly Zuckerman dies. South-African born British zoologist.
• 1994 - Robert Doisneau dies (b. 1912). French photographer.
• 1996 - University of Kentucky team wins NCAA Men's Division I Basketball Championship.
• 1996 - The Halifax Regional Municipality in Nova Scotia was created.
• 1996 - Alfredo Nobre Costa dies. Portuguese Prime-Minister (1978).
• 1996 - Mário Viegas dies (b. 1948). Portuguese stage and film actor (The Jew, Divine Comedy) / Mário Viegas morre em Lisboa, Portugal (nasceu em Santarém em 10 Novembro de 1948). Encenador. Actor. Declamador. Filmografia como actor, escritor compreende, designadamente Judeu, O (1996) ... aka The Jew (USA); Afirma Pereira (1996)... aka According to Pereira (USA) ; Fado Lusitano (1994) (voice) Narrator; A Divina Comédia (1991) .... aka The Divine Comedy ; Cornos de Cronos, Os (1991) ; A Mulher do Próximo (1988) ; Repórter X (1987) ; Sem Sombra de Pecado (1983) ; Kilas, o Mau da Fita (1981) ... aka The Killers (International: English title) ; Rei das Berlengas, O (1978); Funeral do Patrão, O (1975) ] .
• 1996 - Florence Buchsbaum dies (b. 1926). Theater director and musician.
• 1996 - John McSherry dies (b. 1944). American baseball umpire.
• 1996 - Comet Hale-Bopp is seen passing over perihelion.
• 1997 - Norman Carr dies (b. 1912). British conservationist.
• 1998 - Gene Evans dies (b. 1922). American actor.
• 1998 - Rozz Williams dies (b. 1963). American musician, member of Christian Death.
• 1999 - Nunavut is established as a Canadian territory carved from the eastern part of the Northwest Territories.
• 1999 - Jesse Stone dies (b. 1901). American record producer.
• 2000 - Bob and George, a webcomic, appears on the Internet.
• 2000 - Alexander Mackenzie Stuart, Baron Mackenzie-Stuart dies (b. 1924). President of the European Court of Justice.
• 2001 - An EP-3E United States Navy plane collides with a Chinese People's Liberation Army fighter jet. The Navy crew makes an emergency landing in Hainan, People's Republic of China and is detained.
• 2001 - Former president of Federal Republic of Yugoslavia Slobodan Milosevic surrenders to police special forces, to be tried on charges of war crimes.
• 2001 - Same-sex marriage comes into force in the Netherlands, which is the first country to allow it.
• 2001 - Olivia Barclay dies (b. 1919). British astrologer.
• 2001 - Jo-Jo Moore dies (b. 1908). American baseball player.
• 2001 - Trinh Cong Son dies (b. 1939). Vietnamese composer.
• 2002 - The Netherlands legalizes euthanasia, becoming the only nation in the world to do so.
• 2002 - Simo Hayha dies (b. 1905). Finnish marksman.
• 2003 - In Sturgis, Michigan, seven men place signs around town reading "All your base are belong to us," based on the popular mistranslation from the Japanese video game Zero Wing.
• 2003 - Leslie Cheung dies (b. 1956). Hong-Kong actor and singer.
• 2003 - Hyosuke Kujiraoka dies. Former vice speaker of the House of Representatives .
• 2003 - Jessica Lynch was rescued by U.S. commandos in a raid on an Iraqi hospital.
• 2004 - George W. Bush signs the Unborn Victims of Violence Act, which makes an attack that leads to the death of a mother and her unborn child two criminal charges.
• 2004 - The first legal same-sex marriage in the Canadian province of Quebec: Michael Hendricks and René Leboeuf wed in Montreal.
• 2004 - Google introduces its Gmail product to the public. The launch is met with scepticism on account of the launch date.
• 2004 - Carrie Snodgress dies (b. 1946). American actress.
• 2005 - Harald Juhnke dies (b. 1929). German entertainer.
• 2005 - Jack Keller dies (b. 1936). American songwriter.
• 2005 - Ioannis Kyrastas dies (b. 1952). Greek footballer and manager.
• 2005 - Robert Coldwell Wood dies (b. 1923). American university president and political appointee.
• 2005 - Alexander Brott dies (b. 1915). Canadian violinist, conductor and composer.
• 2006 - The Serious Organised Crime Agency, dubbed the 'British FBI', is created in the United Kingdom.
• 2006 - In Tam dies (b. 1916). Cambodian politician.
• 2007 - Herb Carneal dies (b. 1923). Major League Baseball radio broadcaster.
• 2009 – Croatia and Albania joined NATO.
  
• April 1 is known as April Fool's Day or All Fools' Day in many countries.
• Japan - The official start of school years in most universities and schools. Also, the official first day of work at companies and offices for new university graduates hires, marked by welcoming ceremonies and speeches.
• Last day of the Assyrian New Year Celebration.
• Roman Empire - Veneralia celebrated to honor Venus.
• Canada - Beginning of government's fiscal year.
• India - Start of financial year.
• Edible Book Day.
• Fossil Fools Day.
• Kha b-Nisan (Assyrians).
• Maundy Thursday (2010).
• Odisha Day (Orissa, India)

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