On this day in History - May 30
- 1010 - Emperor Renzong of China was born (d. 1063).
- 1159 - Wladislaus II the Exile of Poland dies (b. 1105).
- 1252 - King Ferdinand III of Castile and Leon dies (b. 1198/1199?)
- 1416 - The Catholic Church burns Jerome of Prague (b. 1379) as a heretic.
- 1423 - Georg Purbach was born (d. 1461). German mathematician and astronomer.
- 1431 - Hundred Years' War: In Rouen, France, 19-year-old Joan of Arc is burned at the stake by a pro-English tribunal.
- 1431 - Joan of Arc dies (burned at the stake by a pro-English tribunal) (b. 1412) . French commander and saint.
- 1434 - Taborite forces led by Prokop the Great were defeated and almost annihilated in the Battle of Lipany, effectively ending the Hussite Wars.
- 1527 - The University of Marburg was founded in Germany.
- 1539 - In Florida, Hernando de Soto lands at Tampa Bay with 600 soldiers with the goal of finding gold.
- 1574 - King Charles IX of France dies (b. 1550).
- 1576 - Harada Naomasa dies. Japanese retainer and samurai under Oda Nobunaga
- 1593 - Christopher Marlowe dies (b. 1564). English playwright.
- 1607 - Sóror Violante do Céu [Violante da Silveira Montesino] was born in Lisbon (d. 28 Jan 1683]. Portuguese Dominican nun and poetess.
- 1623 - John Egerton, 2nd Earl of Bridgewater was born (d. 1686). English politician
- 1635 - Thirty Years' War: Peace of Prague signed.
- 1640 - (O.S.) Peter Paul Rubens dies (b. 1577). German painter.
- 1642 - From this date all honours granted by Charles I are retrospectively annulled by Parliament
- 1653 - Claudia Felicitas of Austria was born (d. 1676). Empress consort of Germany.
- 1662 - Casamento de D. Catarina, filha de D. João IV, com Carlos II de Inglaterra.
- 1672 - Peter the Great (Piotr Alekseevich Romanov) was born (d. 1725). Tsar of Russia./ Nascimento de Pedro o Grande (1672-1725), imperador da Rússia. Foi responsável pela ocidentalização da Rússia, edificando a cidade de São Petersburgo.
- 1696 - Henry Capell, 1st Baron Capell dies (b. 1638). First Lord of the British Admiralty
- 1713 - Princess Caroline Elizabeth of Great Britain was born (d. 1757).
- 1718 - Wills Hill, 1st Marquess of Downshire was born (d. 1793). English politician.
- 1718 - Arnold Joost van Keppel, 1st Earl of Albemarle dies (b. 1670). Dutch favorite of William III of England
- 1719 - Roger Newdigate was born (d. 1806). English politician.
- 1730 - Arabella Churchill dies (b. 1648).English mistress of James II of England
- 1744 - Alexander Pope dies (b. 1688). English poet and writer.
- 1746 - Abade de Faria was born. Portuguese scientist.
- 1770 - François Boucher dies (b. 1703). French painter.
- 1757 - Henry Addington, 1st Viscount Sidmouth was born (d. 1844). Prime Minister of the United Kingdom
- 1778 - Voltaire (François Marie Arouet) dies (b. 1694). French philosopher, author.
- 1783 - The first daily newspaper was published in the U.S. by Benjamin Towner called "The Pennsylvania Evening Post"
- 1806 - Andrew Jackson kills a man in a duel after the man had accused Jackson's wife of bigamy.
- 1814 - The First Treaty of Paris is signed returning French borders to their 1792 extent. Napoleon I of France is exiled to Elba on the same day.
- 1814 - Michael Bakunin was born (d. 1876). Russian anarchist.
- 1814 - Eugène Charles Catalan was born (d. 1894). Belgian mathematician.
- 1819 - William McMurdo was born (d. 1894). British army officer.
- 1820 - Pierre-Joseph-Olivier Chauveau was born (d. 1890). French Canadian politician.
- 1826 - Germanos of Patras dies (b. 1771). Greek Metropolitan bishop who proclaimed the Greek War of Independence.
- 1834 - Portugal: As ordens religiosas masculinas são extintas e os seus bens nacionalizados. A medida é da responsabilidade de D. Pedro, enquanto regente, e de Joaquim António de Aguiar, que passa por isso a ser conhecido por «o Mata-Frades».
- 1845 - King Amadeo I of Spain was born (d. 1890)
- 1846 - Peter Carl Fabergé was born (d. 1920). Russian goldsmith and jeweler.
- 1848 - W.G. Young patented the ice cream freezer.
- 1849 - Pedro Santana assume (pela 2º vez) a presidência da República Dominicana
- 1850 - Nasceu o republicano português, fundador de "O Século", Sebastião de Magalhães Lima.
- 1854 - Wenceslau de Moraes was born (d. 1 Jul 1929). Portuguese writer.
- 1858 - Siegfried Alkan was born (d. 1941). German composer.
- 1865 - John Catron dies. Associate justice of the United States
- 1868 - Decoration Day (the predecessor of the modern "Memorial Day") observed in the United States for the first time (By "Commander-in-chief of the Grand Army of the Republic" John A. Logan's proclaimation on May 5).
- 1868 - Souji Okita dies (b. 1823). 1st Captain of the Shinsengumi.
- 1871 - The Paris Commune falls.
- 1871 - Olga Engl was born (d. 1946). Austrian actress.
- 1875 - Giovanni Gentile was born (d. 1944). Italian philosopher.
- 1875 - Palmira Bastos was born. Portuguese actress.
- 1878 - Mike Donlin was born (d. 1933). Baseball player.
- 1879 - New York City's Gilmores Garden is renamed Madison Square Garden by William Vanderbilt and is opened to the public at 26th Street and Madison Avenue.
- 1879 - Colin Blythe was born (d. 1917). Kent and England left arm spinner.
- 1881 - Georg von Küchler was born (d. 1968). German field marshal
- 1882 - Wyndham Halswelle was born. British runner
- 1883 - In New York City, a rumor that the Brooklyn Bridge is going to collapse causes a stampede which crushes twelve people.
- 1886 - Randolph Bourne was born (d. 1918). American writer.
- 1892 - Fernando Amorsolo was born (d. 1972). Filipino painter.
- 1895 - Maurice Tate was born (d. 1956). Sussex and England all-rounder.
- 1896 - Howard Hawks was born (d. 26 Dec 1977). American film director : Gentlemen Prefer Blondes, Monkey Business, Hatari, Rio Bravo, Rio Lobo, Sergeant York, A Song is Born, The Thing.
- 1899 - Irving Thalberg was born (d. 1936). American film producer.
- 1901 - Cornelia Otis Skinner was born (d. 1979). Broadway producer, writer, director, and actress.
- 1901 - Victor D'Hondt dies (b. 1841). Belgian mathematician.
- 1902 - Stepin Fetchit was born (d. 1985). American dancer and actor.
- 1903 - Countee Cullen was born (d. 1946). American writer.
- 1904 - Ernesto Guardia Navarro was born. President of Panamá (1956-1960).
- 1906 - Bruno Gröning was born (d. 1959). German faith healer.
- 1907 - Elly Beinhorn was born (d. 2007). German pilot.
- 1907 - Germaine Tillion was born (d. 2008). French anthropologist, member of French Resistance.
- 1908 - Hannes (Olof Gösta) Alfvén was born (d. 2 Apr 1995). Swedish astrophysicist, one of the founders of the field of plasma physics (the study of ionized gases) and winner, with Louis Néel of France, of the 1970 Nobel Prize for Physics "for fundamental work in magnetohydrodynamics with fruitful applications in different parts of plasma physics."
- 1908 - Mel Blanc was born (d. 1989). American voice actor.
- 1909 - Benny Goodman was born (d. 1986). American clarinetist and Swing-era bandleader.
- 1910 - Inge Meysel was born (d. 2004). German actress.
- 1910 - Ralph Metcalfe was born (d. 1978). American athlete.
- 1911 - At the Indianapolis Motor Speedway, the first Indianapolis 500 ends with Ray Harroun becoming the first winner of the 500-mile auto race.
- 1912 - Julius Axelrod was born. American biochemist, 1970 Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine laureate (with British biophysicist Sir Bernard Katz and Swedish physiologist Ulf von Euler).
- 1912 - Joseph Stein was born. Playwright
- 1912 - The U.S. Marines were sent to Nicaragua to protect American interests.
- 1912 - Hugh Griffith was born (d. 1980). Welsh actor.
- 1912 - Erich Bagge was born. German physicist
- 1912 - Wilbur Wright dies (b. 1867). Aviation pioneer (Wright Brothers).
- 1913 - First Balkan War: A peace treaty is signed in London ending the war. Albania becomes an independent nation.
- 1914 - New & then largest Cunard ocean liner RMS Aquitania, 45,647 tons, sails on her maiden voyage from Liverpool, England to New York City.
- 1917 - Alexander I becomes king of Greece.
- 1918 - Bob Evans was born (d. 2007). American restaurateur.
- 1918 - Guadalupe "Pita" Amor was born (d. 2000). Mexican poet.
- 1919 - René Barrientos was born. President of Bolívia (1964-1969).
- 1920 - Franklin Schaffner was born (d. 1989). American film director
- 1920 - Ralph Metcalfe was born (d. 1978). American athlete.
- 1922 - Hal Clement was born (d. 2003). American science fiction writer.
- 1922 - In Washington, D.C., the Lincoln Memorial is dedicated. Daniel Chester French created the famous sculpture of Abraham Lincoln, titled Seated Lincoln. Lincoln is in meditation, seated in a large armchair. Both French and the Piccirilli brothers completed the sculpture. On this day in 1922 the memorial in which the statue is permanently seated was dedicated, although the cornerstone was laid in 1915.
- 1925 -Federación Ecuatoriana de Fútbol is founded.
- 1925 - In China, protests erupt against the Great Powers infringing on Chinese sovereignty.
- 1925 - Arthur Moeller van den Bruck dies (b. 1876). German historian.
- 1926 - Christine Jorgensen was born (d. 1989). Transsexual activist.
- 1926 - O primeiro governo saído do golpe militar de 28 de Maio entra em funções. É presidido pelo comandante Mendes Cabeçadas, herói da Revolução de 5 de Outubro de 1910.
- 1927 - Clint Walker was born. American actor.
- 1928 - Agnès Varda was born. French director.
- 1928 - Pro Hart was born (d. 2006). Australian artist.
- 1928 - Gustav Leonhardt was born. Dutch musician, musicologist and conductor
- 1934 - Aleksei Leonov was born. Russian cosmonaut and first person to walk in space.
- 1934 - Alketas Panagoulias was born. Greek footballer and coach.
- 1934 - Togo Heihachiro dies (b. 1848). Japanese admiral.
- 1936 - Keir Dullea was born. American actor
- 1936 - Glória de Matos was born. Portuguese actress.
- 1939 - Michael J. Pollard was born. American actor.
- 1939 - Floyd Roberts dies (b. 1904). Auto racer, killed during 1939 Indianapolis 500.
- 1940 - Gilles Villemure was born. Quebec ice hockey player.
- 1941 - World War II: Germany captures Crete.
- 1941 - World War II: Manolis Glezos and Apostolos Santas climb on the athenian Acropolis, tear down the nazi swastika and replace it with the Greek flag.
- 1941 - Prajadhipok dies (b. 1893). Rama VII, king of Thailand.
- 1943 - Gale Sayers was born. American football player
- 1943 - James Chaney was born (d. 1964). American civil rights activist.
- 1944 - Meredith MacRae was born (d. 2000).American actress.
- 1946 - Louis Slotin dies (b. 1910). Canadian Scientist at Los Alamos.
- 1947 - Vashti Murphy McKenzie was born. African Methodist Episcopal Church bishop
- 1947 - Jocelyne Bourassa was born. French Canadian LPGA golfer
- 1947 - Georg Ritter von Trapp dies (b. 1880). World War I Austrian submarine commander.
- 1948 - A dike along the flooding Columbia River breaks, obliterating Vanport, Oregon within minutes. Fifteen people die and tens of thousands are left homeless.
- 1950 - Bertrand Delanoë was born. French politician.
- 1950 - Paresh Rawal was born. Indian actor.
- 1951 - Fernando Lugo was born. Paraguayan politician.
- 1951 - Stephen Tobolowsky was born. American actor.
- 1951 - Zdravko Čolić was born. Bosnian singer.
- 1951 - Hermann Broch dies (b. 1886). Austrian author.
- 1953 - Colm Meaney was born. Irish actor (Star Trek: The Next Generation, Deep Space Nine)
- 1953 - Dooley Wilson dies (b. 1886). American musician and actor.
- 1954 - Susan Kelly-Gilbert was born. Vice-President of Advertising and Marketing at the Colorado Springs Gazette in Colorado Springs, Colorado
- 1955 - Topper Headon was born. British musician, drummer with The Clash
- 1955 - Bill Vukovich dies (b. 1918). Auto racer, killed during 1955 Indianapolis 500.
- 1958 - Memorial Day: The bodies of several unidentified soldiers killed in action during World War II and the Korean War are buried at the Tomb of the Unknowns in Arlington National Cemetery.
- 1958 - Marie Fredriksson was born. Swedish singer and songwriter (Roxette)
- 1960 - Boris Pasternak dies (b. 1890). Russian author. Nobel Prize 1958.
- 1961 - Harry Enfield was born. British comedian.
- 1961 - Rafael Leónidas Trujillo dies (b. 1891). Dictator of the Dominican Republic .
- 1962 - World Championship Football (FIFA) begins in Chile
- 1962 - Kevin Eastman was born. American comic book creator
- 1963 - Ruy Lopes Esteves Ribeiro de Almeida Couto dies in Paris (b. 12 Mar 1898). Brazilian poet.
- 1964 - Wynonna Judd was born. American singer
- 1964 - Andrea Montermini was born. Italian racing driver
- 1964 - Leó Szilárd dies (b. 1898). Hungarian-American nuclear physicist.
- 1964 - Eddie Sachs and Dave MacDonald die killed during 1964 Indianapolis 500 (b. 1927). American auto racers.
- 1966 - Former Congolese Prime Minister Evariste Kimba and several other politicians are publicly executed in Kinshasa on the orders of President Joseph Mobutu.
- 1966 -Thomas Hassler was born. German footballer.
- 1966 - Stephen Malkmus was born. American musician (Pavement)
- 1967 - At the Ascot Park in Gardena, California, daredevil Evel Knievel jumps his motorcycle over 16 cars lined-up in a row.
- 1967 - The Nigerian Eastern Region declares independence as the Republic of Biafra, sparking a civil war.
- 1967 - Claude Rains dies (b. 1889). English actor.
- 1968 - Zacarias Moussaoui was born. French citizen found guilty relating to September 11, 2001 attacks
- 1969 - Riots on the Caribbean island of Curaçao
- 1970 - Jimi Hendrix plays at Berkeley Community Theatre one of the last live performances before his death.
- 1970 - Flora Chan was born. Hong Kong television actress
- 1970 - Ness Wadia was born. Indian industrialist.
- 1971 - Mariner program: Mariner 9 is launched toward Mars.
- 1971 - Idina Menzel was born. American actress and singer.
- 1971 - Marcel Dupré dies (b. 1886). French composer.
- 1972 - The Angry Brigade goes on trial over a series of 25 bombings throughout Britain.
- 1972 - In Tel Aviv, members of the Japanese Red Army carry out the Lod Airport Massacre, killing 24 people and injuring 78 others.
- 1972 - Manny Ramirez was born. Dominican baseball player
- 1973 - Leigh Francis (aka Avid Merrion) was born. British comedian.
- 1974 - Cee-Lo was born. American musician.
- 1974 - Big L was born (d. 1999). American rapper.
- 1974 - Konstantinos Chalkias was born. Greek footballer.
- 1974 - Shin Ha-kyun was born. South Korean actor.
- 1974 - David Wilkie was born. American ice hockey player.
- 1975 - Bob Watson, of the Houston Astros scores the 1,000,000th run in baseball history.
- 1975 - Andrew Farrell was born. English rugby league and union footballer.
- 1975 - Michel Simon dies (b. 1895). French actor.
- 1975 - Steve Prefontaine dies (b. 1951). American distance runner.
- 1975 - Tatsuo Shimabuku dies (b. 1908). Founder of Isshinryu karate.
- 1976 - Magnus Norman was born. Swedish tennis player
- 1976 - Radoslav Nesterovič was born. Slovenian basketball player.
- 1977 - Rachael Stirling was born. British actress.
- 1977 - Fabrice Akwá was born. Angolan footballer.
- 1979 - Mike Bishai was born. Canadian ice hockey player.
- 1979 - Kugimiya Rie was born. Japanese seiyuu (voice actress).
- 1979 - Fabian Ernst was born. International German footballer, 24 games for National team 1 goal. He wears the colours of Schalke 04
- 1980 - Steven Gerrard was born. English footballer.
- 1980 - Carl Radle dies (b. 1942). American bass guitarist.
- 1981 - Portugal : No Porto, no teatro Carlos Alberto, estreia o bailado Romeu e Julieta, pela primeira vez representado por portugueses, pertencentes à Companhia Nacional de Bailado.
- 1981 - Devendra Banhart was born. American singer and songwriter
- 1981 - Gianmaria Bruni was born. Italian racing driver.
- 1981 - Blake Bashoff was born. American actor
- 1981 - Don Ashby dies (b. 1955). Canadian ice hockey player.
- 1981 - Ziaur Rahman dies (b. 1936). President of Bangladesh.
- 1982 - Spain becomes the 16th member of NATO and the first nation to enter the alliance since West Germany's admission in 1955.
- 1982 - Baseball player Cal Ripken, Jr plays the first of 2,632 consecutive games. His streak will end on September 20, 1998.
- 1984 - Matt Maguire was born. Australian rules footballer.
- 1985 - Justin Pasfield was born. Australian soccer player
- 1986 - Perry Ellis dies. Fashion designer
- 1986 - Claudia Beni was born. Croatian singer
- 1989 - Tiananmen Square protests of 1989: The 33-foot high "Goddess of Democracy" statue is unveiled in Tiananmen Square by student demonstrators.
- 1992 - Antoni Zygmund dies (b. 26 Dec 1900). Polish-born mathematician who created a major analysis research centre at Chicago, and recognized in 1986 for this with the National Medal for Science.
- 1993 - Sun Ra dies (b. 1914). American musician.
- 1994 - Ezra Taft Benson dies. President of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-Day Saints.
- 1994 - Marcel Bich dies (b. 1914). French industrialist (Société Bic).
- 1994 - Juan Carlos Onetti dies. Writer.
- 1995 - Ted Drake dies (b. 1912). Former English footballer.
- 1995 - Lofty England dies (b. 1911). English automotive engineer and race team manager.
- 1995 - Bobby Stokes dies (b. 1951). Former English footballer.
- 1997 - The Norway national football team beats Brazil 4-2. They still have never lost to Brazil, and remain the only team that hasn't.
- 1998 - A 6.6 magnitude earthquake hits northern Afghanistan, killing up to 5,000.
- 1998 - Geri Halliwell announced she was leaving the Spice Girls.
- 1999 - Kenny Bräck wins the 83rd Indianapolis 500.
- 2000 - Tex Beneke dies (b. 1914). Bandleader, singer, saxophone player .
- 2002 - Mário Lago dies (b. 1911). Brazilian actor, writer and composer.
- 2000 - Doris Hare dies (b. 1905).Welsh actress.
- 2003 - Mickie Most dies (b. 1938). English musician.
- 2003 - Hans Peter Willberg dies. Literature critic.
- 2003 - The final flight of an Air France Concorde takes place.
- 2004 - Buddy Rice wins a rain-shortened 88th Indianapolis 500.
- 2004 - St. Isabel Bridge is inaugurated in Coimbra, Portugal / Inauguração da ponte de Santa Isabel, em Coimbra.
- 2005 - Fazal Mahmood dies (b. 1927). Pakistani cricketer.
- 2005 - Tomasz Pacyński dies (b. 1958). Polish writer.
- 2006 - Brazilian architect Paulo Mendes da Rocha receives the Pritzker Prize.
- 2006 - Shohei Imamura dies (b. 1926). Japanese film director.
- 2006 - Robert Sterling dies (b. 1917). American actor.
- 2006 - David Lloyd dies (b. 1938). New Zealand biologist.
- Trinidad and Tobago – Indian Arrival Day (National Holiday).
- Peru – National Potato Day
- United States – Memorial Day (originally – currently last Monday in May).
- Canary Islands – Canary Islands' Day
- Portugal - Dia Nacional de Prevenção do Cancro Cutâneo
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