Nothingandall: On this day in History

5509 BC - The world was created, according to the Byzantine Empire.
0462 - Possible start of first Byzantine indiction cycle.
0921 - Richard, Duke of Burgundy dies.
1067 - Baldwin V of Flanders dies.
1157 - King Richard I of England was born (d. 1199).
1159 - Pope Adrian IV dies (b. 1100).
1181 - Lucio III begins his Papacy.
1256 - Kujo Yoritsune dies (b. 1218). Japanese shogun.
1286 – Elisabeth Richeza of Poland was born (d. 1335). Queen of Poland.
1355 - Tvrtko I writes in castro nostro Vizoka vocatum from old town Visoki.
1414 - William de Ros, 7th Baron de Ros dies (b. 1369). Lord Treasurer of England.
1453 - Gonzalo Fernández de Córdoba was born (d. 1515). Spanish general.
1532 - Lady Anne Boleyn is created Marchioness of Pembroke by her fiancée, King Henry VIII of England.
1557 - Jacques Cartier dies (b. 1491). French explorer.
1566 - Edward Alleyn was born (d. 1626). English actor.
1574 - Guru Amar Das dies (b. 1479). Third Sikh Guru.
1581 - Guru Ram Das dies (b. 1534). Fourth Sikh Guru.
1588 - Henry II, Prince of Condé was born (d. 1646). French nobleman.
1600 - Tadeáš Hájek dies (b. 1525). Czech physician.
1615 - Étienne Pasquier dies (b. 1529). French lawyer.
1644 - Battle of Tippermuir, Montrose defeats Elcho's Covenanters, reviving Royalist cause.
1648 - Marin Mersenne dies (b. 1588). French mathematician.
1651 - Nataliya Kyrillovna Naryshkina was born (d. 1694). Tsaritsa of Russia.
1653 - Johann Pachelbel was born (d. 1706). German composer.
1685 - Leoline Jenkins dies (b. 1625). Welsh lawyer and diplomat.
1687 - Henry More dies (b. 1614). English philosopher.

1711 - William Boyce was born (d. 1779). English composer.

1715 - King Louis XIV of France (b. 1638) dies after a reign of 72 years — longer than any major European monarch.

1715 - François Girardon dies (b. 1628). French sculptor.

1734 - Joseph Wright of Derby was born (d. 1797). English painter.

1752 - The Liberty Bell arrives in Philadelphia.

1763 - Catherine II of Russia endorses Ivan Betskoy's plans for a Foundling Home in Moscow.

1772 - Mission San Luis Obispo de Tolosa founded in San Luis Obispo, California.

1795 - James Gordon Bennett, Sr. was born (d. 1872). American newspaper publisher.

1804 - Juno, one of the largest main belt asteroids, was discovered by German astronomer Karl Ludwig Harding.

1807 - Former US Vice President Aaron Burr is acquitted of treason.

1818 - José María Castro Madriz was born (d. 1892). President of Costa Rica (1847-1849 e 1866-1868).

1818 - Robert Calder dies (b. 1745). British naval officer.

1821 - Antoine Gouan dies. French botanist.

1836 - Narcissa Whitman, one of the first white women to settle west of the Rocky Mountains, arrives at Walla Walla, Washington.

1838 - William Clark dies (b. 1770). American explorer, part of the Lewis and Clark Expedition.

1848 - Auguste-Henri Forel was born (d. 1931). Swiss entomologist.

1851 - Cuba, es fusilado en La Habana el dirigente de la insurrección cubana Narciso López.

1854 - Engelbert Humperdinck was born (d. 1921). German composer.

1855 - Innokenty Annensky was born (d. 1909). Russian poet.

1856 - Sergei Winogradsky was born (d. 1953). Russian scientist.

1859 – A solar superstorm affects electrical telegraph service.

1862 - American Civil War: Battle of Chantilly - Confederate forces attack retreating Union troops in Chantilly, Virginia.

1863 - João Pinheiro Chagas was born in Rio de Janeiro (d. 1925). Portuguese politician and journalist.

1864 - American Civil War: Confederate General John Bell Hood evacuates Atlanta, Georgia after a four-month siege by General Sherman.

1866 - James J. Corbett was born (d. 1933). American heavyweight boxer.

1868 - Henri Bourassa was born (d. 1952). French Canadian politician and publisher.

1870 - Franco-Prussian War: Battle of Sedan is fought, resulting in a decisive Prussian victory.

1870 - Cirilo Antonio Rivarola Acosta assumes for the secon time the Presidency of Paraguay.

1871 - J. Reuben Clark, Jr. was born (d. 1961). American Undersecretary of State.

1873 - Cetshwayo ascends to the throne as king of the Zulu nation following the death of his father Mpande.

1873 - Dinko Šimunović was born (d. 1933). Croatian writer and poet.

1875 - A murder conviction effectively forces the violent Irish anti-owner coal miners, the "Molly Maguires", to disband.

1875 - Edgar Rice Burroughs was born (d. 1950). American writer.

1876 - Harriet Shaw Weaver was born (d. 1961). English political activist.

1877 - Francis William Aston was born (d. 1945). English chemist, Nobel Prize laureate in 1922.

1878 – Princess Alexandra of Edinburgh and Saxe-Coburg and Gotha was born (d. 1942).

1880 - Fernando Arturo de Meriño becomes President of Dominican Republic.

1882 - Ulises Heureaux assumes the Presdency of Dominican Republic.

1883 - Didier Pitre was born (d. 1934). French Canadian ice hockey player.

1884 - Francisco Gregorio Billini becomes President of Dominican Republic.

1884 - Sigurd Wallén was born (d. 1947). Swedish actor and film director.

1885 - D H Lawrence was born (d. 1930). English writer.

1886 – Othmar Schoeck was born (d. 1957). Swiss composer and conductor.

1886 - Tarsila do Amaral was born (d. 1973). Brazilian painter.

1887 - Blaise Cendrars was born (d. 1961). Swiss writer.

1888 - Andrija Štampar was born (d. 1958). Croatian physician and World Health Organization diplomat.

1889 - Richard Arlen was born (d. 1976). American actor.

1892 – Leverett Saltonstall was born (d. 1979). 55th Governor of Massachusetts.

1894 - Great Hinckley Fire: A forest fire in Hinckley, Minnesota kills more than 400 people.

1895 - Chembai Vaidyanatha Bhagavatar was born (d. 1974). Indian musician.

1896 - A.C. Bhaktivedanta Swami Prabhupada was born (d. 1977). Indian theologian.

1897 - The Boston subway opens, becoming the first underground metro in North America.

1897 - Andy Kennedy was born (d. 1963). Irish footballer.

1899 - Andrei Platonov was born (d. 1951). Russian writer.

1902 - A Trip to the Moon, considered one of the first science fiction films, is released in France.

1904 – Johnny Mack Brown was born (d. 1974). American actor.

1905 - Alberta and Saskatchewan join the Canadian confederation.

1905 - Elvera Sanchez was born (d. 2000). Puerto Rican dancer.

1906 - The International Federation of Intellectual Property Attorneys (FICPI) is established.

1906 – Eleanor Burford Hibertt (Jean Plaidy, Victoria Holt, Philippa Carr...) was born (d. 1993). English writer.

1906 – Franz Biebl was born (d. 2001). German composer.

1906 - Joaquín Balaguer was born (d. 2002). President of the Dominican Republic.

1907 - Walter Reuther was born (d. 1970). American labor union leader.

1908 – Amir Elahi was born (d. 1980). Pakistani cricketer.

1909 - E. Herbert Norman was born (d. 1957). Canadian diplomat.

1910 - Sport Club Corinthians Paulista, from Brazil, is founded.

1910 - William Osgood Aydelotte was born. American sociologist.

1910 - James Frederick Bonner was born. American scientist.

1911 – The armored cruiser Georgios Averof is commissioned into the Greek Navy. It now serves as a museum ship.

1911 - Emilio Estrada becomes President of Ecuador.

1912 - Leonidas Plaza Gutiérrez assumes for the second term the Presidency of Ecuador

1913 - Christian Nyby was born (d. 1993). American director and film editor.

1913 – Ludwig Merwart was born (d. 1979). Austrian painter and graphic artist.

1914 - St. Petersburg, Russia changes its name to Petrograd.

1914 - The last Passenger Pigeon, a female named Martha, dies in captivity in the Cincinnati Zoo.

1916 - Alfredo Baquerizo Moreno ssumes the Presidency of Ecuador (second term).

1918 - Alfredo Ceschiatti was born. Brazilian sculptor.

1918 - Otacílio dos Santos Colares was born. Brazilian writer and journalist.

1919 – Ossie Dawson was born. South African cricketer.

1920 - José Luis Tamayo becomes President of Ecuador.

1920 - Jacinto do Prado Coelho was born (d. 2007). Portuguese professor and essayst.

1920 - Richard Farnsworth was born (d. 2000). American actor.

1921 – Madhav Mantri was born. Indian cricketer.

1921 - Willem Frederik Hermans was born (d. 1995). Dutch writer.

1922 - Yvonne De Carlo was born. Canadian actress.

1922 - Vittorio Gassman was born (d. 2000). Italian actor.

1923 - The Great Kantō earthquake devastates Tokyo and Yokohama, killing about 100,000 people.

1923 - Avaí Futebol Clube (SC), from Brazil, is founded.

1923 – Kenneth Thomson, 2nd Baron Thomson of Fleet was born (d. 2006). Canadian businessman.

1923 - Rocky Marciano was born (d. 1969). American boxer.

1924 - Gonzalo S. Córdova becomes President of Ecuador.

1924 - Gustavo Bueno Martínez was born. Spanish philosopher.

1925 - Banco de México is inaugurated.

1925 - Art Pepper was born (d. 1982). American musician.

1926 - Abdur Rahman Biswas was born. President of Bangladesh.

1926 - Gene Colan was born. American comic book artist.

1927 – Wyatt Cooper was born (d. 1978). American author and screenwriter.

1928 - Ahmet Zogu declares Albania to be a monarchy and proclaims himself king.

1928 - Clifford Lincoln was born. Canadian politician.

1928 - George Maharis was born. American actor.

1929 - Anne Ramsey was born (d. 1988). American actress.

1931 - Boxcar Willie was born (d. 1999). American country musician.

1932 – Derog Gioura was born. Nauruan politician.

1932 – Sunny von Buelow was born (d. 2008). American socialite.

1933 - Ann W. Richards was born (d. 2006). American politician.

1933 - Conway Twitty was born (d. 1993). American country music singer.

1934 - SMJK Sam Tet was founded by Father Fourgs from the St. Michael Church, Ipoh, Perak, Malaysia.

1934 - José María Velasco Ibarra sworns as President of Ecuador.

1935 - Seiji Ozawa was born. Japanese conductor.

1937 - Francisco Pinto Balsemão was born. Portuguese politician, journalist and entrepreneur.

1937 - Al Geiberger was born. American golfer.

1937 – Ron O'Neal was born (d. 2004). American actor, film director and screenwriter.

1939 - World War II: Nazi Germany attacks Poland, beginning the war. (See Polish September Campaign).

1939 - George C. Marshall becomes Chief of Staff of the United States Army.

1939 - The Wound Badge for Wehrmacht SS, Kriegsmarine, and Luftwaffe soldiers is instituted. The final version of the Iron Cross was also instituted on this date.

1939 - Switzerland mobilises its forces and parliament elects Henri Guisan as head of army (an event that can only happen during war or during mobilisation).

1939 - Lily Tomlin was born. American actress and comedian.

1940 - Carlos Alberto Arroyo del Río sworns, for a second term, as President of Ecuador.

1941 – Graeme Langlands was born. Australian rugby league footballer.

1942 - António Lobo Antunes was born. Portuguese writer.

1942 - C. J. Cherryh was born. American writer.

1943 – Don Stroud was born. American actor.

1943 - Charles Atangana dies (b. 1880). Cameroonian chief.

1944 - Leonard Slatkin was born. American conductor.

1945 - Mustafa Balel was born. Turkish writer.

1946 - Barry Gibb was born. English singer (Bee Gees).

1946 – Greg Errico was born. American drummer (Sly & the Family Stone).

1946 - Roh Moo-Hyun was born. President of South Korea.

1947 - Al Green was born. American politician.

1947 - Frederick Russell Burnham dies (b. 1861). Father of the international Scouting movement.

1948 - Galo Plaza Lasso becomes President of Ecuador.

1948 - Józef Życiński was born. Polish archbishop and philosopher.

1949 - P.A. Sangma was born. Indian politician.

1950 - Phillip Fulmer was born. American football coach.

1950 - Dr. Phil McGraw was born. American talk show host.

1951 - The United States, Australia and New Zealand sign a mutual defense pact, called the ANZUS Treaty.

1951 – David Bairstow was born (d. 1998). England cricketer.

1951 – Nicu Ceauşescu was born (d. 1996). Romanian politician.

1952 - José María Velasco Ibarra assumes for the third time the Presidency of Ecuador.

1952 - Phil Hendrie was born. American radio personality.

1953 – Beau Billingslea was born. American voice actor.

1953 – Ted Petty was born (d. 2002). American professional wrestler.

1953 - Bernard O'Dowd dies (b. 1866). Australian poet.

1954 - Paul "Bear" Bryant opens his infamous 10 day football mini-camp in Junction, Texas: The Junction Boys.

1954 - Dave Lumley was born. Canadian professional ice hockey player.

1955 - Billy Blanks was born. American martial artist.

1955 - Bruce Foxton was born. English bassist (The Jam).

1956 - Camilo Ponce Enríquez becomes President of Ecuador.

1956 – Bernie Wagenblast was born. American broadcaster and editor.

1956 – Philece Sampler was born. American voice artist.

1957 – Duško Ivanović was born. Montenegrin basketball coach.

1957 – Gloria Estefan was born. Cuban/American singer.

1957 - Dennis Brain dies (b. 1921). English French horn player.

1958 - Armi Aavikko was born (d. 2002). Finnish singer.

1959 - Kenny Mayne was born. American sports journalist.

1960 - José María Velasco Ibarra assumes for the fourth time the Presidency of Ecuador.

1960 - Disgruntled railroad workers effectively halt operations of the Pennsylvania Railroad, marking the first shutdown in the history of the company.

1960 – Joseph Williams was born. American singer and film score composer.

1961 – The Eritrean War of Independence officially begins with the shooting of the Ethiopian police by Hamid Idris Awate.

1961 - Scott "Bam Bam" Bigelow was born (d. 2007). American professional wrestler.

1962 - Channel Television launches to 54,000 households in the Channel Island.

1962 - Ruud Gullit was born. Dutch footballer.

1962 - Tony Cascarino was born. Irish footballer.

1963 - Carola Smit was born. Dutch singer.

1963 – Stephen Kernahan was born. Australian rules footballer.

1964 - Indian Oil Corporation formed after merging Indian Oil Refineries and Indian Oil Company.

1964 - Brian Bellows was born. Canadian ice hockey player.

1964 - Cécilia Rhode was born. Swedish model.

1964 – Ray D'Arcy was born. Irish DJ and TV presenter.

1966 - Tim Hardaway was born. American basketball player.

1967 - David Whissell was born. Quebec politician.

1967 – Ilse Koch dies (b. 1906). Nazi war criminal.

1967 - Siegfried Sassoon dies (b. 1886). English poet and author.

1968 - José María Velasco Ibarra sworns as President of Ecuador for the 5th term.

1968 - Mohammed Atta was born (d. 2001). Egyptian terrorist.

1969 - A revolution in Libya brings Col. Moammar Qaddafi to power, ousting King Idris I.

1969 - Henning Berg was born. Norwegian footballer.

1969 - Drew Pearson dies (b. 1897). American newspaper columnist.

1970 - Attempted assassination of King Hussein of Jordan by Palestinian guerillas, who attacked his motorcade.

1970 - The last episode of the television sitcom I Dream of Jeannie airs on NBC. The show premiered on September 18, 1965.

1970 – Hwang Jung-min was born. South Korean actor.

1970 – Mitsou was born. Quebec singer, television and radio host, actress.

1970 – Padma Lakshmi was born. Indian actress.

1970 - Vanna was born. Croatian singer.

1970 - François Mauriac dies (b. 1885). French writer, Nobel laureate.

1971 – Hakan Şükür was born. Turkish footballer.

1971 - Jimmy Snuka, Jr. was born. American professional wrestler.

1971 – Joe Enochs was born. American soccer player.

1971 – Lââm was born. French singer.

1971 – Ricardo Antonio Chavira was born. American actor.

1971 - Yoshitaka Hirota was born. Japanese composer.

1972 - In Reykjavík, Iceland, American Bobby Fischer beats Russian Boris Spassky and becomes the world chess champion.

1972 – Doug Williams was born. British professional wrestler.

1973 - J. D. Fortune was born. Canadian singer (INXS).

1973 – Ram Kapoor was born. Indian actor.

1973 - Zach Thomas was born. American football player.

1974 - Anastásio Somoza is reelected President of Nicaragua.

1974 - The SR-71 Blackbird sets (and holds) the record for flying from New York to London: 1 hour 54 minutes and 56.4 seconds.

1974 - Jason Taylor was born. American football player.

1974 - Jhonen Vasquez was born. American comic book artist.

1975 - The last original episode of the American television series Gunsmoke airs on CBS after a record 20-year run.

1975 – Cuttino Mobley was born. American basketball player.

1975 - Natalie Bassingthwaighte was born. Australian singer (Rogue Traders).

1975 - Omar Rodriguez-Lopez was born. Puerto Rican guitarist.

1975 – Scott Speedman was born. English-born actor.

1976 - Aparicio Méndez assumes the Presidency of Uruguay.

1976 - The Meadowlands racetrack in East Rutherford, New Jersey opens.

1976 – Clare Connor was born. England Woman cricketer.

1976 – Erik Morales was born. Mexican boxer.

1976 - Jada Fire was born. American pornographic actress.

1976 - Marcos Ambrose was born. Australian racing driver.

1976 – Polly Shannon was born. Canadian actress.

1976 – Sebastián Rozental was born. Chilean footballer.

1977 – Aamir Ali was born. Indian television actor.

1977 – Aaron Schobel was born. American football player.

1977 – David Albelda was born. Spanish footballer.

1977 - Raffaele Giammaria was born. Italian racing driver.

1977 - Shoshana Bean was born. American stage actress.

1977 - Ethel Waters dies (b. 1896). American singer and actress.

1978 – Lucie Blackman was born (d. 2000). English murder victim.

1978 - Max Vieri was born. Australian soccer player.

1979 - The American Pioneer 11 becomes the first spacecraft to visit Saturn when it passes the planet at a distance of 21,000 km.

1979 – James O'Connor was born. Irish footballer.

1979 - Robert P. Olsson was born. Swedish actor.

1980 - Chun Doo-hwan becomes president of South Korea after the resignation of Choi Kyu-ha.

1980 - Terry Fox's Marathon of Hope ends in Thunder Bay, Ontario.

1980 - Chris Riggott was born. English footballer.

1980 – Sammy Adjei was born. Ghanaian footballer.

1981 - A coup d'état in the Central African Republic overthrows President David Dacko.

1981 - Gregorio Conrado Álvarez Armelino assumes the Presidency of Uruguay.

1981 - Adam Quick was born. Australian basketball player.

1981 – Clinton Portis was born. American football player.

1981 – Matthew McGuire was born. Australian rower.

1981 - Albert Speer dies (b. 1905). Nazi official.

1981 - Ann Harding dies (b. 1901). American actress.

1982 - Canada adopts a Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms as part of its Constitution.

1982 - The United States Air Force Space Command is founded.

1982 - Jeffrey Buttle was born. Canadian figure skater.

1982 – Paul Dumbrell was born. Australian racing driver.

1982 – Ryan Gomes was born. American basketball player.

1982 - Haskell Curry dies (b. 1900). American mathematician.

1982 - Wladyslaw Gomulka dies (b. 1905). Polish communist leader.

1983 - Cold War: Korean Air Flight 007 is shot down by a Soviet Union jet fighter when the commercial aircraft enters Soviet airspace. All 269 on board are killed, includung US Congressmen Lawrence McDonald.

1983 – Jeff Woywitka was born. Canadian ice hockey player.

1983 - José Antonio Reyes was born. Spanish footballer.

1983 - Henry M. Jackson dies (b. 1912). U.S. Senator from Washington.

1983 - Larry McDonald dies (b. 1935). American congressman.

1984 - Joseph Trohman was born. American musician (Fall Out Boy).

1984 - Nick Noble was born. American soccer player.

1984 – Rod Pelley was born. Canadian ice hockey player.

1985 - A joint American-French expedition locates the wreck of the RMS Titanic.

1985 – Camile Velasco was born. Filipino-American singer.

1985 - Ciara-Camile Roque Velasco was born. American singers.

1985 – Jay Youngblood dies (b. 1955). American wrestler.

1985 - Stefan Bellof dies (b. 1957). German race car driver.

1986 – Anthony Allen was born. English rugby union player.

1986 – Gaël Monfils was born. French tennis player.

1986 - Jorge Alessandri dies (b. 1896). President of Chile.

1986 - Murray Hamilton dies (b. 1923). American actor.

1987 - Ayman Ashraf was born. Bangladeshi politician.

1987 – Dann Hume was born. New Zealand musician (Evermore).

1988 - YTV was launched.

1988 – Gabriel Ferrari was born. American footballer.

1988 – Mushfiqur Rahim was born. Bangladeshi cricketer.

1988 - Luis Alvarez dies (b. 1911). American physicist, Nobel Prize laureate.

1989 - Bill Kaulitz was born. German singer (Tokio Hotel).

1989 - Tom Kaulitz was born. German lead guitarist (Tokio Hotel).

1989 - Juliana Lohmann was born. Brazilian actress and model.

1989 - A. Bartlett Giamatti dies (b. 1938). Baseball commissioner.

1989 - Tadeusz Sendzimir dies (b. 1894). American inventor.

1990 - The Communist Labour Party of Turkey/Leninist is founded, following a split from the Communist Labour Party of Turkey.

1991 - Uzbekistan declares independence from the Soviet Union.

1991 - The Super Nintendo Entertainment System is released in North America.

1992 – The Constitution of Slovakia is ratified.

1993 - Ilona Mitrecey was born. French singer.

1994 - Bianca Ryan was born. American singer.

1994 - Boris Malenko dies (b. 1933). American professional wrestler.

1996 - Daniel Komen breaks the 3000 metres world record in Rieti, Italy.

1998 – Cary Middlecoff dies (b. 1921). American golfer.

1998 - Józef Krupiński dies (b. 1930). Polish poet.

1999 - A LAPA Boeing 737-200 crashes during takeoff from Jorge Newbury Airport in Buenos Aires, killing 74, including 10 on the ground.

1999 - W. Richard Stevens dies (b. 1951). Zambian computer scientist.

2001 - Almost every single commercial television station in Vancouver, British Columbia switches network affiliations after a round of ownership changes in 2000 - the largest change in North Anerica.

2001 - The first orca calf (later named Nakai is born through artificial insemination, to parents Kasatka and Tillikum.

2001 - Brian Moore dies (b. 1932). British sports commentator.

2002 - Morte de sete estudantes argentinos em um deslizamento de neve em Cerro La Ventana.

2003 - Fernando Augusto dies (b. 1947). Portuguese theatre director and writer.

2003 - Sir Terry Frost dies (b. 1915). British artist.

2004 - Ahmed Kuftaro dies (b. 1915). Grand Mufti of Syria.

2004 - The Beslan school hostage crisis begins when armed terrorists take hundreds of schoolchildren and adults hostage in the Russian town of Beslan in North Ossetia.

2004 - Martin Torrijos assumes the Presidency of Panamá.

2004 - Ahmed Kuftaro dies (b. 1915). Grand Mufti of Syria.

2005 - Seven members and former members of the AFL-CIO form a new trade union organization, the Change to Win Federation.

2005 - R.L. Burnside dies (b. 1926). American musician.

2005 - Thanos Leivaditis dies (b. 1934). Greek actor.

2006 - Luxembourg becomes the first country to complete the move to all digital television broadcasting.

2006 - Portugal: The last number of the newspaper O Independente is published.

2006 - Sir Kyffin Williams dies (b. 1918). Welsh landscape painter.

2006 - Bob O'Connor dies (b. 1944). Mayor of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.

2006 - Nellie Connally dies (b. 1919). Wife of Texas governor John Connally.

2006 - Warren Mitofsky dies (b. 1934). American pollster.

2007 - The first Eurovision Dance Contest takes plane in London, United Kingdom.